Assistive Devices / Smart Technology for Successful Aging Roxanna M. Bendixen, MHS, OTR/L...
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Transcript of Assistive Devices / Smart Technology for Successful Aging Roxanna M. Bendixen, MHS, OTR/L...
Assistive Devices / Smart Technology for Successful
Aging
Roxanna M. Bendixen, MHS, OTR/L
Rehabilitation Science
Doctoral Program
Outline
• Key Terms & Definitions
• Basic Assistive Technology / Adaptive Devices for Everyday Living
• Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
• Amputations & Prosthetics
• Robotics
• Gator-Tech Smart House
Definition
• Assistive Technology (device) was first defined in the U.S. in the Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1988– “any item, piece or equipment or product
system—whether acquired commercially, modified, or customized—that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities for individuals with disabilities.”
Key Terms
• Strategies for promoting independence and quality of life for people as they age include Assistive Technology
– Adaptive Equipment– Assistive Devices– Environmental Modifications– Environmental Interventions
Importance of AT
• Increase Independence
• Increase Self-Esteem
• Decrease Burden of Care
Independence
• Mismatch between the environment and a person who has declining ability makes it very difficulty to carry out our basic daily tasks and increases the risk of accidents, such as falls
Independence
• An important concept for what we hope to accomplish in our use of technology and environmental interventions:
the ability to complete basic daily tasks without personal assistance
Basic Daily Tasks
• Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)– eating, grooming, dressing, toileting, bathing,
transferring, and walking– language and memory
• Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)– shopping, cooking, housekeeping, getting to
places outside of home, using telephone, money management
Basic Daily Tasks
• Leisure activities are also very important in our daily activities
One’s perception of their quality of life is
related to their independence in
ADLs, IADLs, and Leisure
Eating & Drinking
Rocker knives
Roller knives
Universal cuffs
Plate guards
Non-skid dishes
Cups with lids
Nosey cups
DressingLong-handled shoe horn / Sock aid
Dressing stick
Reacher
Buttonhook/zipper pulls
Elastic laces
Pull-on clothes, Velcro closures, button extenders
Clip-on earrings, magnetic clasp jewelry
Bathing
Grab bars
Bath bench
Hand-held shower head
Long-handled sponge/foot brush
Soap dispenser
Grooming
Floss holders
Suction cup / denture holders
Toothpaste dispenser
Electric Shaver
Adaptive nail devices
Toileting
Pre-moistened wipes
Bidet
Raised toilet seat
Toilevator
Bedside commode
Urinal
Transferring & Mobility
Canes
Walkers & accessories
Wheelchairs & accessories
Scooters
Ramps & Lifts
Language & Memory
Communication Boards
Computer Systems
Medical Alert Tags
Language & Memory
Calendar
Notebook
Journal
Electronic Paging Systems
Smart Environments
Americans with Disabilities Act
Americans with Disabilities Act
• ADA ensures equal opportunity for persons with disabilities in employment, State and local government services, public accommodations, commercial facilities, and transportation, and requires the establishment of TDD/telephone relay services.
ADA Requirements
• Barriers to employment, transportation, public accommodations, public services, and telecommunications have imposed staggering economic and social costs on American society and have undermined our well-intentioned efforts to educate, rehabilitate, and employ individuals with disabilities.
ADA Benefits
• ADA will enable society to benefit from the skills and talents of individuals with disabilities, will allow us all to gain from their increased purchasing power and ability to use it, and will lead to fuller, more productive lives for all Americans.
ADA and “Disability”
• An individual is considered to have a "disability" if s/he has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, has a record of such an impairment, or is regarded as having such an impairment. Persons discriminated against because they have a known association or relationship with an individual with a disability also are protected.
ADA Definition
• The ADA prohibits discrimination in all employment practices, including job application procedures, hiring, firing, advancement, compensation, training, and other terms, conditions, and privileges of employment. It applies to recruitment, advertising, tenure, layoff, leave, fringe benefits, and all other employment-related activities.
Ergonomics and the Workplace
• Science of designing a personal environment so that it facilitates the highest level of function
• Work environment should fit the capabilities of the worker
• Prevent injury, promote health, safety and comfort
Informative Website
• http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/ada/adahom1.htm
• http://www.jan.wvu.edu/links/adasummary.htm
Amputations and Prosthetics
Facts about Amputation
• According to the National Center for Health Statistics, it is estimated that more than 1.5 million people in the United States have lost an extremity. This equates to almost 6 cases per 1,000 people.
• Why do you think this figure may be increasing?
Amputations and the Aging
• It is widely agreed that amputation is surgery of last resort.
• Irreparable loss of the blood supply to a diseased or injured limb is the only absolute indication for amputation (Diabetes).
• The aging process has already forced physical and mental limitations on many older individuals, and the prospect of prolonged rehabilitation can seem overwhelming.
• Advances in the science of prosthetics have led to better long-range results.
Orthotics and Prosthetics
• Orthotics and Prosthetics (O&P) is an allied health profession
• Orthotics and Prosthetics is the evaluation, fabrication and custom fitting of artificial limbs and orthopedic braces
Arm Prostheses
• Many arm prostheses have electrically powered hands and elbows
• Simple switches may be used to control these devices
• Also, sensors on the skin can detect signals generated by muscles (myoelectric signals) to control the prosthesis
• In some instances microprocessors are used in analyzing and processing the myoelectric signals
Leg & Knee Prostheses
• Electronic knee joints for prostheses can now be programmed for the individual patient.
• A computer chip allows the knee joint to sense changes in position, speed and force, enabling patients with amputations to walk down stairs and hills with confidence.
• There are prosthetic feet made especially for running, golfing, rock climbing or swimming.
Robotics
Robotics
• The Science of Robotics has advanced significantly since the first commercial robot was deployed in 1962.
Robotics
• Medical – surgery and follow-up care
• Police and military – bomb disposal and surveillance
• Exploration – journey into live volcanoes; visit other planets
• Professional service – inspect bridges and nuclear sites
Personal Robots
• Vacuum the home
• Provide entertainment
• Assist with mobility
• Provide therapy
Gator-Tech Smart House
UF RERC for Successful Aging
Promote independence and quality of life for older people with disabilities
through technology
Smart Phone
Check locks on doors and
windows
Other Services
Automatically refillprescription
Check iflaundry is done
Call in a nurse
Call in for help and
Assistance
Monitorof kitchen:oven and
stove on/off;temp.
Turn on/offlights (and
visually inspect)
other rooms.
Sense and see visitors/strangers
at front door
Order grocerieswith dietary restrictions
From Smart Phone to Smart Home
Summary of Functions
• Levels based on complexity
– 1. Basic Communications– 2. Simple Control Commands– 3. Automates Household Functions– 4. Tracking: location, behaviors, health parameters– 5. Analyzes Data
Additional Levels
– 6. Provides information, reminders, prompts– 7. Answers questions, orientation, general
information (Google it)– 8. Make household arrangements
Quality of Life
• Assistive Technology can provide a means to support independence
• Promotion of social participation is also a focus of AT
• Elimination of caregiver burden
• It is important for both potential AT users and AT practitioners to be aware of the current available
technology and resources in order to provide and receive the greatest
benefit