Assignment of ITCComputer Hardware

Hardware of ComputerInput Devices Scanner webcam Keyboard MouseOutput Devices LED’s LCD Printer SpeakersStorage Devices Primary Storage Devices Secondary Storage DevicesProcessing Devices CPU

Input devices: An input device is any hardware component that allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer. Five widely used input devices are the keyboard, mouse, microphone,scanner,and Web cam.

Scanner:Scanner is an input device used for direct data entry from the source document into the computer system. It converts the document image into digital form so that it can be fed into the computer.Hand-held scanners are commonly seen in big stores to scan codes and price information for each of the items

Web Cam:A webcam – short for ‘web camera’ – is a digital camera that’s connected to a computer. It can send live pictures from wherever it’s sited to another location by means of the internet. Many desktop computer screens and laptops come with a built-in camera and microphone, but if yours doesn’t, you can add a separate webcam at any time.

Keyboard:A keyboard is the set of typewriter-like keys that enables you to enter data into a computer and other devices. Computer keyboards are similar to electric-typewriter keyboards but contain additional keys. The keys typically found on computer keyboards are often classified as follows:Alphanumeric keys: The letters and numbers on the keyboard.Punctuation keys: The comma,semicolon, and similiar keys.Special keys: This includes the function keys,control keys, arrow keys, caps Lock key, and so on.

Mouse:A device  that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on a display screen. A mouse is a small object you can roll along a hard, flat surface. Its name is derived from its shape, which looks a bit like a mouse, its connecting wire that one can imagine to be the mouse's tail. As you move the mouse, the pointer on the display screen moves in the same direction.

Output Device: An output device is an electromechanical

device which accepts data from a computer and translates them into a human acceptable form.Examples of output devices are printer,monitor, speakers.

Output generated by output device classified into two types:1) Soft-copy output-Output which is not produced on a paper is known as soft-copy output. They are temporary in nature.2) Hard-copy output-Output which is produced on a paper is known as hard-copy output. They are permanent in nature.

LED Monitors: An LED monitor display is a flat screen, flat panel computer monitor or television. It has a very short depth and is light in terms of weight. The actual difference between this and a typical LCD monitor is the backlighting. The first LCD monitors used CCFL instead of LEDs to illuminate the screen.

Liquid Crystal Display: Liquid crystal display screen contains a substance called liquid crystal. The molecules of this substance line up in such a way that the light behind the screens blocked or allowed to create an image. LCDs provide a sharper picture than CRTs and emit less radiation. LCD displays requires less power and take up less space than CRT.

Printers:

A Printer takes print commands from a computer and print out text / images on a paper. Different types of printers are available for various purposes. A printer for office use must be heavy duty and fast while for photographs it must produce high quality prints. Dot-Matrix, Ink-Jet, Laser-Jet are the different types of printers

Speakers:A hardware device connected to a computer's sound card that outputs sound generated by the computer. When computers were originally released, they had on-board speakers that generated a series of different tones and beeps. As multimedia and games became popular, higher quality computer speakers began to be released that required additional power.

Storage Devices: A storage device is any

computing hardware that is used for storing, extracting data files and objects. It can hold and store information both temporarily and permanently, and can be internal or external to a computer, server or any similar computing device.There are two different types of storage devices: 1)Primary Storage devices.2)Secondary Storage Devices. Primary Storage devices. Generally smaller in size, are designed to hold data temporarily and are internal to the computer. They have the fastest data access speed, and include RAM and cache memory.

Secondary Storage devices:

These usually have large storage capacity, and they store data permanently.

They can be both internal and external to the computer, and they include the hard disk, compact disk drive and USB storage device.

Processing Devices: A processing device is any component in a

computer that manages the storage and retrieval of information. Typical examples of processing devices include central-processing units, computer motherboards, network cards, graphics-processing units and sound cards.

CPU is the abbreviation for central processing unit. The CPU is the brains of the computer where most calculations take place. Two typical components of a CPU are the following:

The arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which performs arithmetic and logical operations.

The control unit (CU), which extracts instructions from memory and decodes and executes them, calling on the ALU when necessary.

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