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BTEC Level 3 in Sport Unit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport Assignment Brief

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BTEC Level 3 in Sport

Unit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport

Assignment Brief

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BTEC Level 3 in SportUnit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport

BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma In Sport Unit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport

Assignment Brief3

Grading Criteria

P1 describe the structure and function of the skeletal system

P2 describe the different classifications of joints

P3 identify the location of the major muscles in the human body

P4 describe the function of the muscular system and the different fibre types

P5 describe the structure and function of the cardiovascular system

P6 describe the structure and function of the respiratory system

P7 describe the three different energy systems and their use in sport and exercise activities.

M1 explain the function of the muscular system and the different fibre types

M2 explain the function of the cardiovascular system

M3 explain the function of the respiratory system

M4 explain the three different energy systems and their use in sport and exercise activities.

D1 analyse the function of the muscular system and the different fibre types

D2 analyse the three different energy systems and their use in sport and exercise activities.

The human body is made up of many different systems that work together and allow us to take part in a huge variety of sport and exercise activities. An athlete can go from rest to all-out sprinting in a matter of seconds, whereas an endurance athlete can continue exercising for many hours at a time.

The skeletal and muscular systems work together to allow our bodies to perform a vast range of different movements. Our cardiovascular and respiratory systems act as a delivery service, working together to supply oxygen and nutrients to the body which in turn is used to produce energy for muscular contraction.

In order to appreciate how each of these systems function, learners will study the structure of the skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The human anatomy of these systems is very different but in terms of operation, each system is implicitly linked. Having an understanding of these body systems is imperative in the sport and active leisure industries in order to begin to appreciate how the body functions and how it copes with the many different stresses of exercise.

The unit starts by exploring the structure and function of the skeletal system, which includes the different bones of the skeleton and the different types of joints. The muscular system is then studied, including the major muscles of the body, muscle movement, the different types of muscle and muscle fibre types. The structure of the heart and blood vessels is covered, together with the function of the cardiovascular system. The unit goes on to explore the structure of the respiratory system and the function, including the mechanics of breathing. The final part of the unit explores the three different energy systems and the sports in which they are predominantly used.

Introduction

BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma In Sport Unit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport

Assignment Brief4

Learning Outcomes and Criteria Targeted:

Learning outcomes Grading criteria covered

Learning Outcome 1Know the structure and function of the skeletal system

P1, P2

Learning Outcome 2Know the structure and function of the muscular system

P3, P4, M1, D1

Learning Outcome 3Know the structure and function of the cardiovascular system

P5, M2

Learning Outcome 4Know the structure and function of the respiratory system

P6, M3

Learning Outcome 5Know the different types of energy systems.

P7, M4, D2

Assignment 1 Tasks Grading criteria covered

Task 1 Magazine article P1

Task 2 Fact file P2

Assignment 2 Tasks Grading criteria covered

Task 3 Labelled image P3

Task 4 Talk plan P4, M1, D1

Assignment 3 Tasks Grading criteria covered

Task 5 Wall chart P5, M2

Task 6 Hand-out P6, M3

Task 7 Presentation P7, M4, D2

BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma In Sport Unit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport

Assignment Brief5

1 Know the structure and function of the skeletal system

Structure of skeletal system: axial skeleton; appendicular skeleton; types of bone (long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, sesamoid bones); location of major bones (cranium, clavicle, ribs, sternum, humerus, radius, ulna, scapula, ilium, pubis, ischium, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, fe-mur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, vertebral column – cervical, thoracic, and lumbar verte-brae, sacrum, coccyx)

Function of skeletal system: support; protection; attachment for skeletal muscle; source of blood cell production; store of minerals

Joints: fixed; slightly moveable; synovial/freely moveable (types, structures, movement at each joint)

2 Know the structure and function of the muscular system

Muscular system: major muscles (biceps, triceps, deltoids, pectoralis major, rectus abdominis, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, bi-ceps femoris, gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis anterior, erector spinae, teres major, trapezius, latissimus dorsi, obliques, gluteus maximus); function; location; types of muscle (cardiac, skeletal, smooth)

Function of the muscular system: movement – antagonistic pairs (agonist, antagonist); fixator; syner-gist; types of contraction (isometric, concentric, eccentric, isokinetic)

Fibre types: Type 1; Type 2a; Type 2b; characteristics; types of sports each are associated with

3 Know the structure and function of the cardiovascular system

Structure of the cardiovascular system: heart (atria, ventricles, bicuspid valve, tricuspid valve, aortic valve, pulmonary valve, aorta, vena cava – superior and inferior, pulmonary vein, pulmonary artery); blood vessels (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, veins, venuoles)

Function of the cardiovascular system: delivery of oxygen and nutrients; removal of waste products; thermoregulation (vasodilation and vasoconstriction of vessels); function of blood (oxygen transport, clotting, fighting infection)

Unit Content

BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma In Sport Unit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport

Assignment Brief6

Unit Content

4 Know the structure and function of the respiratory system

Structure of the respiratory system: nasal cavity; epiglottis; pharynx; larynx; trachea; bronchus; bron-chioles; lungs (lobes, pleural membrane, thoracic cavity, visceral pleura, pleural fluid, alveoli); dia-phragm; intercostal muscles (external and internal)

Function: gaseous exchange; mechanisms of breathing (inspiration and expiration); lung volumes, eg tidal volume, vital capacity, residual volume; control of breathing (neural and chemical)

5 Know the different types of energy systems

Energy systems: phosphocreatine; lactic acid system; aerobic energy system; amount of ATP pro-duced by each system; sports that use these systems to provide energy; recovery time

BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma In Sport Unit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport

Assignment Brief7

Task One: Magazine article

P1 describe the structure and function of the skeletal system

Scenario: You are a writer for a sports magazine. You have to produce an article on the importance of the skeletal system. Take care in planning your article, as there are numerous elements to cover:

Your article should:

• Descriptionofthefunctionandstructureoftheappendicularskeleton• Descriptionofthefunctionandstructureoftheaxialskeleton• Descriptionofthefunctionandstructureofthedifferenttypesofbone• Alabelleddiagram,similar(ifnotthesame)totheoneprovided.

Task Two: Fact file

P2 describe the different classifications of joints

Scenario: You have now been tasked with creating a fact file for your college’s sports department’s notice board. The fact file must describe the different classes of joint in the human body

Your fact file should include:

• Descriptionofthemaincategoriesofjoint• Descriptionofthesixdifferenttypesofsynovialjoint

Assignment 1 Tasks

T1

T2

BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma In Sport Unit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport

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Task Three: Labelled image

P3 identify the location of the major muscles in the human body

You must: You must identify the location of the major muscles by labelling images of the human body – both front and back. You can create this image yourself, or use the online resources to annotate the template.

Task Four: Talk plan

P4 describe the function of the muscular system and the different fibre typesM1 explain the function of the muscular system and the different fibre typesD1 analyse the function of the muscular system and the different fibre types

Scenario: It is your job to give a talk to a group of athletes – who are preparing for an upcoming sporting event – highlighting the workings of the muscular system. Your talk must inform the athletes about the function of the muscular system and the different fibre types. Produce a plan for your talk.

T3

T4

Assignment 2 Tasks

BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma In Sport Unit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport

Assignment Brief9

Assignment 3 Tasks

Task Five: Wall chart

P5 describe the structure and function of the cardiovascular systemM2 explain the function of the cardiovascular system

Scenario: You are working alongside the fitness trainers for your team and have been given the task of helping your team develop their knowledge of anatomy and physiology. Design a wall chart to inform the team of the cardiovascular system

Your wall chart should include:

• Adescriptionofthestructureofthecardiovascularsystem• Adescriptionofthefunctionofthecardiovascularsystem• Explanationofthefunctionofthecardiovascularsystem.

Task Six: Hand-out

P6 describe the structure and function of the respiratory system M3 explain the function of the respiratory system

Scenario: Following on from your work with the fitness trainers, you should now develop their knowledge of the respiratory system. Produce a hand-out for the team relating to the structure and function of the respiratory system.

You should include:

• Adescriptionofthestructureandfunctionoftherespiratorysystem• Anexplanationofthefunctionoftherespiratorysystem

T5

T6

BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma In Sport Unit 1 | Principles of Anatomy and Physiology in Sport

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Task Seven: PowerPoint Presentation

P7 describe the three different energy systems and their use in sport and exercise activities.

M4 explain the three different energy systems and their use in sport and exercise activities. D2 analyse the three different energy systems and their use in sport and exercise activities.

Scenario: As part of your work with the fitness instructors, you must now produce a PowerPoint Presentation on the three different energy systems.

You must include:

• Adescriptionofthephosphocreatine,lacticacidandaerobicenergysystems,andtheirusein sport and exercise activities

• Anexplanationofthephosphocreatine,lacticacidandaerobicenergysystems,andtheiruse in sport and exercise activities

• Ananalysisofthephosphocreatine,lacticacidandaerobicenergysystems,andtheirusein sport and exercise activities

Assignment 3 Tasks continued

T7

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