FIK 3042 ( ENGLISH FOR COMMUNICATION II )

ASSIGNMENT 3

KUMPULAN

UPSI-A11(A112PJJ)

DISEDIAKAN OLEH:

NAMA NO. ID NO. TELEFON

LOW WEI LI D 20112054174 0125022320

NAMA TUTOR E-LEARNING : DR. NAPISAH KEPOL

TARIKH SERAH : 01/05/2012

0

WRITE THE GIST OR MAIN POINTS OF TWO ARTICLES.

WRITE A REFLECTION OF THE TWO ARTICLES.

PEMARKAHAN

1. BAHAN PP

2. ESEI

3. FORUM

JUMLAH

Table of Content

Introduction--------------------------------------------------------------------2

Gist Article 1: Water Pollution----------------------------------------------3

Gist Article 2: Water – The Lubricant of Life-----------------------------4

Reflection / Discussion-------------------------------------------------------5~7

References----------------------------------------------------------------------8

Appendix 1a--------------------------------------------------------------------9

Appendix 1b--------------------------------------------------------------------10

Appendix 1c--------------------------------------------------------------------11

Appendix 2a--------------------------------------------------------------------12

Appendix 2b--------------------------------------------------------------------13

Appendix 2c--------------------------------------------------------------------14

1

INTRODUCTION

Article 1

Title: Water Pollution – Causes, Effects & Solution

Writer: Miller, G. Tyler Jr.

Source:1. http://www.paranormalknowledge.com/articles/10-articles-on-water-pollution.html

2. http://library.thinkquest.org/26026/Environmental_Problems/water_pollution.html

3. Miller, G. Tyler Jr.  Living in the Environment.  Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company,1987. Steger, Will and Bowermaster, Jon.   Saving the Earth.  New York: Bryon Preiss, 1990.

Article 2

Title: Water – The Lubricant of Life

Writer: Sue Pollock, ND PTC DHM DRM DCH DHT PGD.Phyto PGD.Nutr. D.Ay.M.

Source: http://www.waterionizer.org/site/898596/page/453417

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Gist Article 1 : Water Pollution ( 269 words)

The Exxon Valdez oil spill incident in 80s showed horrible effects of water pollution. Oil is just one of many

pollutants. 14 billion pounds of sewage, sludge, garbage and 19 trillion gallons of waste and chemicals are

dumped annually. This affects us because water is able to transport pollution. This has intensified with

industrialization and growing of population.

One of the reasons that cause the water pollution problem become so severe is because it is not actually

illegal to such an act! Often, governments either do not care and no efforts are made to disinfect the sewage

or to remove harmful pollutants. Since the US Civil War, oil spilled between 1 and 10 billion tons by

transport ships yearly, only about 10% of the oil is removed.

The effects are varied and depend on what and where chemicals are dumped. Boston Harbor is a strong

example of how badly it is polluted. Lead and cadmium disrupt the natural food chain of tiny animals which

are consumed by fish and shellfish. Humans, food chain and ecosystem are badly affected.

The Clean Water Act in US was written then.  It is not effective in many areas, but achieved its goals in

other locations, other legislation has been enacted too.  Now, 11 different federal government agencies and

21 federal government programs all monitor the quality of water and regulate pollution. From 1972-1990,

the US spent over $250 billion to clean up water. Industries begin to reduce dumping chemicals into water.

Environmental groups are participating in cleanup projects. The products of plastics industry are

degradable.  However, many environmentalists think this is hardly enough.

3

Gist Article 2 : Water – The Lubricant of Life (284 words)

Three quarters of the body is water. The body has to re-filter it through the kidneys placing extra burden on

them and the liver if not enough water. Dehydration is one of the main causes of fluid retention. It is the

cause of all illnesses. The osmotic flow of water through the cell membrane can generate “hydroelectric”.

Many authorities suggest 8-10 glasses per day (2-2.5 litres), but it varies from body size, physical activity

and types of foods eaten.

Australia Water authorities can legally add up to 50 different chemicals to tap water in order to “purify” it.

Today’s tap water is “dead water”. Its molecular structure and ability to carry chemical elements, oxygen

and nutrients is very poor. Boiled water— evaporates off chlorine and kills some micro-organisms, other

chemicals, and all the dissolved solids remain. Rain water – it is polluted and more of a cocktail of sulfuric

acid. Spring or mineral water—coming out of the ground, contains varying quantities of metals, salts of

metals and minerals.

It is essential for us to invest in a good water treatment device nowadays. Water Ionizer is not only a

filtration system. It also alkalizes, ionizes and micro-clusters the water. Alkaline water can effectively

neutralize acids in the blood and tissues, charged with negative ions, as a potent antioxidant to scavenge free

radicals and to neutralize toxic substances in the blood. It helps in body hydration, mineralization,

alkalization and detoxification process. Japan has heavily researched this water and found it successfully

treated many chronic diseases including cancers.

A clinical test showed changes in peoples' blood. Live Blood Analysis showed acid crystals and clumping of

various cells. After drinking it for two weeks, acid crystals had disappeared.

4

Reflection / Discussion

It is very obvious that water pollution is a very serious issue worldwide, even in a developed country

such as the United States. In fact, a more developed a country is, the degree of pollution is even greater if

there is no precautionary measurement been taken place. From the two articles, the first is more on issues of

water pollution, its causes, effects and solution in US. As for the second article is more on water as the

lubricant of life.

As in Malaysia, according to Department of Environment of Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources

and environment, the cause of water pollution is caused by point and non-point sources. Point sources

include sewage treatment plants, manufacturing and agro-based industries and animal farms. Non-point

sources are defined as diffused sources such as agricultural activities and surface runoffs.

In 2006, the Department of Environment (DOE) report found the following: registered 18,956 water

pollution point sources comprising mainly sewage treatment plants (9,060 : 47.79% inclusive of 601

Network Pump Stations), manufacturing industries (8,543 : 45.07%), animal farms (869 : 4.58%) and agro-

based industries (484 : 2.55%).

Therefore, the figures and data clearly showed that the main factors of water pollution are from sewage

treatment plants and manufacturing industries which are 47.79% and 45.07% respectively.

Surprisingly, even from the facts and figures the government of Malaysia realizes that the industrial can

be a major contributor for water pollution and yet still insist in approving the operation of Lynas Advanced

Material Plant at Gebang, Malaysia. As a responsible government, the life of the people and future

generation should be given priority than the so called work opportunities for the people. Even without such

a damaging industry, we will still be able to develop as a developed country if we fully utilize on our human

resources and other natural resources and industries that does not bring any severe harmful effect as bad as

Lynas.

According to the Preliminary Waste Stream Assessment 2012 of the Lynas Advanced Materials Plant

(LAMP) from National Toxics Network of Australia. It highlighted that: The most significant source of

pollution from the LAMP will be the solid waste or tailing. Due to local environmental conditions and

technical limitations of containment cells it is highly likely that the radioactive waste will contaminate

groundwater within months of deposition on the site. Lynas and Malaysian Atomic Energy Licensing

5

Board have failed to meet the International Atomic Energy Agency’s requirements regarding its long term

plans for the radioactive solid waste.

From this survey, as a Malaysia in general and the Government particularly needs to be fully aware

and responsible to the nation. If such a project of Lynas will contaminate groundwater as stated in the

report, it would be a disastrous nightmare to our people of the nation. It is not only in our generation but the

side and damaging effect will be lasted for few decades or even as long as hundreds of years. Imagine what

kind of disastrous effect.

According to LAMP report 2012 stated that: The LAMP plant will have significant atmospheric, terrestrial

and waterborne emissions of toxic chemicals and radionuclides including uranium, thorium and radon gas.

The LAMP radioactive waste will require isolation from the environment for hundreds of years. Current

disposal plans are likely to lead to groundwater contamination within months. Contamination of the Balok

River and receiving marine environment are highly like based on the poor waste discharge limits set by

Malaysian authorities. These limits do not equate with international best practice for waste water discharge.

Radionuclide contamination of waterways and aquatic biota has been poorly addressed in Lynas’

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) documentation.

Can we believe that such what is going to happen to our fellow Malaysians once it has come into

reality of such disastrous happenings? Even the Australian government does not allow such an operation of

LAMP plant to be operated in their lovely motherland. Therefore, instead of produce it in Australia, Lynas

decides to process lanthanide concentrate from the mine site in Mt. Weld Western Australia and to be

delivered to the Port of Fremantle and then to be shipped to LAMP in Gebang, Malaysia. What a tragic

incident for the century! Therefore, the water pollution in Malaysia will be as critical as US or any part of

the world as long as such incident continues.

Another factor why clean water is important to our health especially to our kidneys? As described in

article 2, if our body does not get enough water, it will have to recycle what it already has, this means it has

to re-filter it through the kidneys placing extra burden on them and the liver.

According to Hewo statistic 2009: Out of Malaysian Population of 26 million, one in ten Malaysian suffers

from chronic kidney disease, and in 2006 15,000 thousand Malaysian suffered end state renal failure and is

expected to reach 20,000 by 2010. Annually, between 2500 to 3000 new patients are diagnose to have end

stage kidney failure.

6

From the statistic itself clearly stated that there is an increased trend in end stage kidney failure and

one of the factors that affect the kidney is the quality of the water and due to water pollution.

The report from the Environmental Pollution Centers stated liver damage and even cancer (due to DNA

damage) are caused by a seried of chemicals (e.g., chlorinated solvents, MTBE) and kidney damage caused

by a series of chemicals.

Therefore, it is very obvious that water pollution is a very critical issue and it is very damaging to

our health. This is a very serious issue that we cannot take it lightly and the impact of it is extremely great. It

will also affect the health of our future generation. In order to solve this issue, we have to help ourselves in

taking care of our family members and if everyone is doing their parts, the issue of water pollution can at

least to reduce to certain extend.

As the Article 2 stated that alkaline water can effectively neutralize acids in the blood and

tissues. The water is charged with negative ions which function as a potent antioxidant to scavenge free

radicals and to neutralize toxic substances in the blood. (Toxins are positively charged). This water offers

the body hydration, mineralization, alkalization and detoxification. Japan has heavily researched this water

and found it successfully treated cancers, arthritis, immune dysfunction, hangovers, premature aging, tissue

detoxification, and protected the body from toxic contamination. Testimonials from users of this micro-

water/alkalized water claim –- disappearance of eczema, pain relief, candida control, better digestion,

weight loss, increase in energy, loss of migraines, loss of chronic fatigue, arthritis, MS, depression and

many more.

Therefore, it is important to each and every household to invest in good water treatment device such

as Water Ioner Device.

According to Dr. Hidemitsu Hayashi, Director of the Water Institute of Japan: We should prevent

disease at the source. To eliminate the pollutants in a large stream that is contaminated at its source, we

must work on the problems upstream at the headwater – the source of the pollution – not downstream where

we can only try to treat the evidence of damage caused by the pollution. The contribution of Ionized water

as a preventive medicine is an essential upstream treatment.”

7

References

1. Chan Chee Khoon (2012) On thorium and Lynas. The Malaysian Insider.

Retrieve from: http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/sideviews/article/on-thorium-and-lynas-chan-

chee-khoon/

2. Department of Environmental (2010) River water pollution source.

Retrieve from: http://www.doe.gov.my/portal/water-marine-river-water/river-water-pollution-

sources/

3. Environmental Pollution Centers (2009) – Water pollution dieseases.

Retrieve from: http://www.environmentalpollutioncenters.org/water/diseases/

4. Hidemitsu Hayashi (2012) Getting stated – the basics of ionized water. Water Institute of Japan.

Retrieved from: http://www.anti-aging-today.org/water/alkaline/ionized-water-hayashi1.htm

5. Lee Bell; David Munut (2012) Rare earth and radiation waste. NSW Australia. National Toxic

Network.

Retrieve from: http://www.ntn.org.au/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Lynas-EIA-Assessment-

Report-NTN-April-13-final.pdf

6. The Hewo.com (2009) Statistic – The numbers speak for the seriousness of curbing chronic kidney

disease (CKC).

Retrieve from: http://www.hewo.com/hewo2008/article.aspx?id=1376&preview=true

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Appendix 1a

Article 1 : Water Pollution

Attention for water pollution exploded in the 1980s.  The oil spill of the Exxon Valdez showed many around

the world just how horrible the effects of water pollution could be.

However, even the Exxon Valdez spill barely touched the surface of the problem of water pollution.  The

ship spilt only 5% of the oil spilt that year, and oil is just one of many pollutants that people dump into the

water every year.

Every year, 14 billions pounds of sewage, sludge, and garbage are dumped into the world's oceans.  19

trillion gallons of waste also enter the water annually.

The problem of ocean pollution affects every nation around the world.  This is especially true because water

is able to transport pollution from one location to another.

For many years, chemicals were dumped into bodies of water without concern.  While many countries have

now banned such behavior, it continues to go on today.

As the world has industrialized and its population has grown, the problem of water pollution has

intensified.  The simple fact that millions of people live along coastlines and near rivers means that these

bodies of water are likely candidates for heavy and destructive pollution.

It is hard to know now what our oceans will look like in the future.  Just how damaged they will be by

pollution is uncertain.

One of the reasons that the water pollution problem is so severe is that it is not actually illegal to dump

pollutants into water bodies.

Sewage, sludge, garbage, and even toxic pollutants are all dumped into the water.  Often, governments

either do not care or simply look the other way.

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Appendix 1b

Even if sewage is treated, problems still arise.  Treated sewage forms sludge, which is sent out into the sea

and dumped.

Many cities and countries dump sewage out at sea.  Often, they place it not far from their own coastline,

often killing all the sea wildlife in the dumping area.

In addition to sewage, chemicals dumped by industries and governments are another major source of water

pollution.

Oil, such as that spilled by transport ships, has been dumped into the water since the US Civil War.   Every

year, between 1 and 10 billion tons of oil are spilt, killing many species and destroying the ecosystem in the

area.  Cleanup efforts have been weak, as only about 10% of the oil is removed by the most successful

efforts.

The effects of water pollution are varied and depend on what chemicals are dumped and in what locations.

Boston Harbor is a strong example of how badly pollution can damage bodies of water.   The water is filled

with toxic waste and sewage, and routinely receives more waste when rainfall pushes it into the harbor.

Many bodies of water near urban areas are highly polluted.  This is the result of both garbage dumped by

individuals and dangerous chemicals legally or illegally dumped by industries.

The main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills life that inhabits water-based ecosystems.  Dead

fish, birds, dolphins, and many other animals often wind up on beaches, killed by pollutants in their habitat.

10

Appendix 1c

Pollution disrupts the natural food chain as well.  Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are eaten by tiny

animals.  Later, these animals are consumed by fish and shellfish, and the food chain continues to be

disrupted at all higher levels.

Eventually, humans are affected by this process as well.  People can get diseases such as hepatitis by eating

seafood that has been poisoned.

Ecosystems can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution.  Many areas are now being affected

by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt humans.

Many laws have been created to restrict industries from dumping materials into the water.  However, many

laws remain weak, and many countries do not restrict water pollution.

In the United States, the Clean Water Act was written to completely put an end to all dumping of pollutants

into water.  The law has not been that effective in many areas, but in other locations, it has achieved its

goals.

Since the Clean Water Act, other legislation has been enacted as well.  Now, eleven different federal

government agencies and 21 federal government programs all monitor the quality of water and regulate

pollution.

The world has spent tremendous sums of money trying to clean up water.  From 1972-1990, the US spent

over $250 billion. 

Many non-governmental projects are also being carry out in an effort to clean up the water.  Industries are

beginning to reduce the amount of chemicals they dump into water, and environmental groups are

participating in cleanup projects.

The plastics industry, blamed for some of the worst pollution of the water, is making its products

degradable.  However, many environmentalists think this is hardly enough.

Public reaction to the water pollution problem has also been influential.  Governments have responded when

public anger has risen, such as after the Exxon Valdez accident.

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Appendix 2a

Article 2 : Water – The Lubricant of Life

“One of the main causes of fatigue, toxemia, constipation, and premature aging is simply that most people

don’t drink enough water.”

A common statement found in literature everywhere. Water is involved with every metabolic process,

electrical exchange, biochemical pathway, physical and mental action in the body. Three quarters of the

body is water.

Our muscles are 70% water, our blood 82%, bones contain up to 25% water, and our brain 85% water. If

your body doesn’t get enough water it will have to recycle what it already has, this means it has to re-filter it

through the kidneys placing extra burden on them and the liver.

Water is the element which extracts nutrients from food, transports them to the blood, replenishes vital

fluids, as well as helping detoxify the body. Dehydration is one of the main causes of fluid retention. The

body is forced to store water if it’s not getting enough- the body’s survival mechanism. Dehydration is often

the cause of chronic pain, including headaches and arthritis: One, due to the concentration of acids and

toxins recirculating in the body; and two, due to drying of the lubricating layer of interfacial tissue, causing

friction (rubbing together), tissue inflammation and pain.

Proportional to the volume of water that enters the stomach, a hormone / neuro-transmitter “motilin” is

secreted by the intestinal tract and can be measured in circulating blood. Motilin produces rhythmic

contractions of the intestines--peristalsis. Therefore dehydration may be the cause of abdominal pain,

constipation, and colitis. The osmotic flow of water through the cell membrane can generate “hydroelectric”

energy that is converted and stored in energy pools, being important for all cellular processes including

neurotransmission.

So how much water should we drink? Many authorities suggest 8-10 glasses per day (2-2.5 litres), but this

can vary depending on body size, amount of physical activity and types of foods eaten. I like to suggest 1

litre for every 25kg body weight, but if you suffer any illness, constipation or are detoxifying your body,

you should double this quantity.

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Appendix 2b

There are so many different types of water we can drink and this can be a confusing issue for some, so I will

discuss some of the different types of water available.

For a complete comparison please download our free water report.

If you do not have clean water, your body will have to do this for you, along all of it’s other jobs. We also

need healthy water. I mean water that is health promoting and actually good for you. Water authorities

across Australia can legally add up to 50 different chemicals to tap water in order to “purify” it. All matter

and energy has a vibration. Its chemistry, structure and electromagnetic vibration will have an effect upon

your chemistry, structure and function, electromagnetic vibration and brilliance.

Today’s tap water is “dead water”. It’s molecular structure and ability to carry chemical elements such as

oxygen and nutrients is very poor. Any essential nutrients that may be in the water are most often locked up

and bound to chemicals and debris that render them useless or of little benefit.

Boiled water--you can evaporate off chlorine and kill some micro-organisms by boiling water. However

other chemicals, and all the dissolved solids remain, along with endotoxins from the killed bacteria. These

endotoxins can produce pyrogens, which are actually more harmful than the live bacteria they replace.

Rain water – Raindrops form around air-borne particles. Our air today tends to be so polluted that our rain

is less a pure source of uncontaminated drinking water and more a cocktail of sulfuric acid, lead from petrol

and diesel fumes, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide and benzine derivatives from industry.

Spring or mineral water-- basically you get what is coming out of the ground, and this can be quite

different for individual springs. This water contains varying quantities of metals, salts of metals and other

substances that leach into the underground basins. Aluminum, magnesium, potassium and sodium, as well

as their sulfates and chlorides, can be present in widely ranging amounts. The pH level of one bottle I tested

was 5.1 and they bragged about it!

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Appendix 2c

This is why in this modern age, it is essential for you to invest in a good water treatment device. There are

many good water treatment units on the market. My favorite is the Jupiter Water Ionizer. More than just a

filtration system, the Jupiter alkalizes, ionizes and micro-clusters the water.

What does that mean? Alkaline water can effectively neutralize acids in the blood and tissues. The water is

charged with negative ions which function as a potent antioxidant to scavenge free radicals and to neutralize

toxic substances in the blood. (Toxins are positively charged). This water offers the body hydration,

mineralization, alkalization and detoxification.

Japan has heavily researched this water and found it successfully treated cancers, arthritis, immune

dysfunction, hangovers, premature aging, tissue detoxification, and protected the body from toxic

contamination. Testimonials from users of this micro-water/alkalized water claim –- disappearance of

eczema, pain relief, candida control, better digestion, weight loss, increase in energy, loss of migraines, loss

of chronic fatigue, arthritis, MS, depression and many more.

In the clinic we have seen changes in peoples' blood. Before 'Jupiter' water, Live Blood Analysis showed

acid crystals and clumping of various cells. After drinking the water for two weeks, blood showed acid

crystals had disappeared.

Those doing an Ultimate Tissue Cleanse / Detox program with colonics have been encouraged to drink the

Jupiter water we have here at the clinic; and those who have done the cleanse --both with and without the

water -- have noticed many extra benefits.

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