ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS OF NAG RIVER FLOWING THROUGH NAGPUR,

MAHARASHTRA  

A.M. PATIL, D.M. RAIPURE, M.W. PAUNIKAR, SANDEEP K SHUKLA*CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION

NAGPUR, INDIA

Domestic Water Quality- Issues and Mitigation

NAG RIVER : VARIOUS EFFORTS AND CRITICISM FOR PROTECTION

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: To assess Water Quality and Quantity of Nag River

water.

To evaluate the water quality in urban stretch of the river before discharge in Gosikhurd dam.

To examine the causes of Nag River pollution and suggest the remedial measure.

To share information to agencies who are involve in Nag River Rejuvenation

Gorewada Nari

Futala lakeSangamwadi

Ambazari lake

MoksdhamHivri Nagar

Mahalgoan

Parsad

Ambhora

Gosikhurd Project

Pili river

Nag river

NAGPUR

INDEX MAP OF NAG RIVER

Not to scale

Gandhi sagar

N

Wai

ngan

ga ri

ver

To K

olka

ta

To D

elhi

To W

ardh

a

Kamptee road

Pawan Goan

Shivani

Pili river

Nag river

Kanhan river

LEGENDS Water Quality Sampling Locations River Railway line

Sonegoan lake

Veena river

Kanhan river

Nag river

To C

hind

war

a

To Nagbhid

Lava village

Aam River

RIVER/TRIBUTARY ORIGIN LOCATION DISCHARGE

M3/Sec

HOURLY DAILY MONTHLY ANNUALLY

MILLION LITER

PILI RIVER GOREWADA PAWAN GAON 5.8719 21.1 507.3 15219.9 185176.2

NAG RIVER AMBAZARI BHARAT WADA 5.2174 18.7 450.7 13523.5 164535.9

NAG – PILI RIVER

AFTER CONFLENCE PARSAD 8.9469 32.2 773.0 23190.3 282149.4

NAG – PILI RIVER

AFTER CONFLENCE SHIVANI 5.019 18.0 433.6 13009.2 158279.1

NAG RIVER : QUANTITY OF WATER

DISCHARGE OBSERVATION

RIVER: NAG – PILI RIVER

PLACE : NAGPUR

THE DESIGNATED BEST USE CLASSIFICATION OF INLAND THE DESIGNATED BEST USE CLASSIFICATION OF INLAND SURFACE WATER CPCB (IS:2296-1982) SURFACE WATER CPCB (IS:2296-1982)

CLASS DESIGNATED BEST USE CRITERIA

A Drinking Water Source withoutconventional treatment butafter disinfection

pHDissolved Oxygen (DO)Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)Total Coliform

6.5 to 8.56 mg/l or more2 mg/l or less50 MPN/100 ml

B Outdoor bathing (Organised) pHDissolved Oxygen (DO)Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)Total Coliform

6.5 to 8.55 mg/l or more3 mg/l or less500 MPN/100ml

C Drinking Water Source withConventional treatmentfollowed by disinfection

pHDissolved Oxygen (DO)Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)Total Coliform

6.0 to 9.04 mg/l or more3 mg/l or less5000 MPN/100 ml

D Propagation of wild life andfisheries

pHDissolved Oxygen (DO)Free Ammonia

6.5 to 8.54 mg/l or more1.2 mg/l

E Irrigation, industrial coolingand controlled waste disposal

pHElectrical ConductivitySodium Absorption RatioBoron

6.5 to 8.52250 µmho/cm262 mg/l

WATER QUALITY CORE PARAMETERS DATA OF NAG RIVER

WATER QUALITY OF NAG RIVER : CORE PARAMETERS

CLASS A B C D E

pH 6.5 to 8.5 6.5 to 8.5 6.0 to 9.0 6.5 to 8.5 6.5 to 8.5

DO min(mg/L) 6.0 5.0 4.0 - -

BOD min(mg/L) 2.0 3.0 3.0 - -

WATER QUALITY OF NAG RIVER : CORE PARAMETERS

CLASS A B C D E

NO 3 max (mg/L) 20 - 50 - -

Tcol Max ( MPN/100 ml 50 500 5000 - -

WATER QUALITY AT SHIVNI SITECORE PARAMETERS UNIT Min Max BIS(IS 2296:1982)

pH 7.3 8.8 6.5 -8.5

Temperature 0C 22.0 31.4 -

Conductivity µmho/cm 396 824 2250(Max)

Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 0.0 3.2 4.0(Min)

Biochemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 15 195 3.0 (Max)

Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 59 531 250*

Nitrate-N mg/L 0.47 10.98 50 mg/L(NO3)

Nitrite-N mg/L 0.06 38.85 -

Faecal Coliform MPN/100mL 100 120000 -

Total Coliform MPN/100mL 650 120000 5000

* Tolerance limit for industrial Effluent BIS 2490:1981(I) Inland surface water

NAG RIVER : WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT

• Strom water discharges• Hotel and Offices• Agricultural runoff• Landfill leachates• Industrial wastewater• Shopping Mall dumping site

• Odor problems • Mosquito nuisance and breeding of insects• E-coli and other pathogenic micro-organisms can

contaminate drinking water sources• Spreading of communicable diseases like cholera,

dengue, malaria, etc• Impact on bathing quality of rivers,etc. • Ground water pollution• Contamination of water of Gosikhurd National Project

SOURCES

IMPACT

Avoid contaminations in river water

Decentralize approach for treatment

Recycle and Reuse of Waste Water

URGENT NEED

REMEDIAL MEASURES

Remove Encroachment

Disconnect of sewage lines

Recycle - Reuse

Adequate STP

Regular monitoring IEC activities

Protection of Origin

Solid waste managementPhyto-remedation

Mitigation Techniques: Phytoremediation

TOLERANCE MECHANISMS FOR INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN PLANT CELLS.

DETOXIFICATION GENERALLY INVOLVES CONJUGATION FOLLOWED BY ACTIVE SEQUESTRATION IN THE VACUOLE AND APOPLAST, WHERE THE POLLUTANT CAN DO THE LEAST HARM. CHELATORS SHOWN ARE

GSH: glutathione,

Glu: glucose,

MT: metallothioneins,

NA: nicotianamine,

OA: organic acids,

PC: phytochelatins.

Active transporters are shown as boxes with arrows.

Phytoremediation : Mechanism

Pollutant Performance

(% removal)

Total suspended solids

75 – 95

Biochemical oxygen demand

80 – 95

Chemical oxygen demand

80 – 90

Total nitrogen 80 – 95

Phosphate 60 – 80

Fecal coliform 85 – 95

Water HyacinthsForage KochiaPoplar TreesWillow TreesAlfalfaCattailCoontailBullrushReedAmerican pondweed

Common Arrowhead

Phytoremediation : Plants & Performance

NEERI Nagpur: Proposed design of Phytorid

Estimated land area required: 2563 m2

For a plant capacity of 1000 m3/day

Entire length of the plant: 267mFor a plant capacity of 1000 m3/day

Length of the Phytorid bed: 184 mDimension: 1.5m depth X 184m length X 8m width

Project completion period: 12 months

ADVANTAGE: Economic

Operation and maintenance expenses are negligible.

Minimum electricity requirement

Smaller footprint (Retention time: Typically less than 24 hrs.)

Facilitates recycle and reuse of water

No foul odor and No Mosquito Nuisance.

Tolerates fluctuations in operating conditions such as flow, temp, and pH

CONCLUSION • The Nag river - Pill river water is severely polluted.

• It is urgent need to take various effort to rejuvenation the Nag river as well as water of Gosikhurd National Project.

• Regular Monitoring is needed to check water quality of river.

• Adequate number of STP, decentralise systems, phyto-remedation are required.

• Removal of encroachment to maintain the flow of river.

• Awareness campaign/IEC for the protection of Nag river.

Gosikhurd National Project

Thank you