ASSESSMENT OF KRODHA (ANGER) WITH ‘NOVACO ANGER …

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Madhura et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

726

ASSESSMENT OF KRODHA (ANGER) WITH ‘NOVACO ANGER

SCALE’ AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AND ITS RELATION

WITH DIFFERENT DEHA-MANAS PRAKRITI”

1*Dr. Madhura Subhash Mutyalwar,

2Dr. Ravindra S. Dhimdhime and

3Dr. Shilpa K. Ingle

1PG Scholar, Department of Kriya Sharir, Govrnmet Ayurved College, Osmanabad.

2Head of Department, Department of Kriya Sharir, Govrnmet Ayurved College, Osmanabad.

3Assistant Professor, Department of Kriya Sharir, Govrnmet Ayurved College, Nanded.

ABSTRACT

Prakriti is an important concept in Ayurveda to understand the nature

and severity of disease, reaction of body to the drugs

(pharmacogenomics), selection of drugs and their doses, prognosis of

the disease and preventive measures such as diet, diurnal and seasonal

regimes. Anger is one of the most prevalent behavioral problems

among the adolescents. The increasing crime rates and violent

activities of youth in India have made the researcher to focus on

aggression and anger among adolescent children. There is a need of the

proper study assessments of anger and development of prevention and

intervention modules for adolescent children. The present study is

selected because of lack of research in Ayurveda on this topic and

Anger is one of the major issue among adolescent children. If we know

that any Prakriti has certain relation with anger then we can improve the behavior of children

and anger management can be done with various types of meditation, yoga and through

specific diet also.

KEYWORDS: Krodha, Anger, Deha Prakriti, Manas Prakriti, Novaco Anger Scale.

INTRODUCTION

Ayurveda is ancient medical science dispensing knowledge of status of living body and

measure of span of life and it engross the care of physical, mental and spiritual health of

World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 8.084

Volume 10, Issue 2, 726-738. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105

*Corresponding Author

Dr. Madhura Subhash

Mutyalwar

PG Scholar, Department of

Kriya Sharir, Govrnmet

Ayurved College,

Osmanabad.

Article Received on

11 Dec. 2020,

Revised on 01 Jan. 2021,

Accepted on 21 Jan. 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/UKHBD



727

human beings. Ayurveda is not only limited to body or physical health but also gives a

comprehensive knowledge about spiritual, mental and social health. Thus Ayurveda is a

qualitative, holistic science of health and longevity, a philosophy and system of therapeutic

that curing the body as well as mind. The two principle objectives of Ayurveda are

maintenance of health in healthy individual and cure of disease in diseased persons.

There are numerous fundamental principles, over which the whole science of Ayurveda

stands. Ayurveda believes that creation of universe is derived from the Prakriti or Avyakta. It

reveals that Prakriti is a principal factor for the origin of the universe. Prakriti means

individual human constitution which is decided in the womb of the mother and is formed by

the peculiarity of three Doshas i.e. Vata, Pitta & Kapha. Each Dosha is having specific effect

on anatomical, physiological and mental activities of an individual. And such effects of

qualities of Doshas may vary from person to person. The Dosha which is having more

qualities is supposed to be predominant in that particular individual. Prakriti plays very

important role in health, emotions, disease and every aspect of life. According to Ayurveda

every individual is unique. Not only each individual has different size and shape, it‟s

physiological and even psychological characters are different.

Modern Physiology is study of functions of various systems, while Ayurveda Kriya-Sharir is

study of three major biological gears of living body, namely Dhosha, Dhatu and Mala. They

together constitute living body. Each group has its own characteristics and has different role

in the homeostasis of body physiology as well as in the origination of disease.

In Kriya-Sharir one of the basic fundaments is Prakriti. It is an inherent nature of an

individual determined at the time of your birth, which cannot be changed during your whole

life. It is basic constitution of your body and mind formed by the unique combination of three

Doshas. This Prakriti of an individual is determined by following factors.

Prakriti of sperm and ovum.

Season and condition of uterus.

Food and regimes of mother.

Role of Mahabhuta comprising fetus.

Prakriti is of two types Sharirik and Manasik. Sharirik Prakriti also known as Deha Prakriti

or Doshaja Prakriti, it is due to predominance of three Doshas i.e. Vata, Pitta and Kapha



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mainly related to physical characteristics. Manasik Prakriti also known as Gunaja Prakriti it

is due to reflection of psychological effect of three Gunas i.e. Satva, Raja and Tama.

Prakriti cannot be changed during our lifetime but a lot of variability is observed in an

individual during his lifetime. This is because of Genetic (Prakrita) Doshas and Gunas which

remain constant but Vaikrita Doshas are variable as they dependent on diet, environment and

behavior of an individual.

In Prakriti analysis there are many components out of which one is Krodha (Anger).

According to Ayurved Samhita, Vata Prakriti individuals react quickly, Pitta Prakriti

individuals are very short tempered and Kapha Prakriti individuals are with less in anger.

In present fast paced life Krodha is increasingly becoming contributory factors for ill health.

Ayurveda has explained Anger as Dharneeya Vega (suppressible urge) and its importance.

According to Ayurveda, Anger is guna of Rajas and when Rajas is predominant gives rise to

emotions like Anger. In Charaka Samhitha it is mentioned that indulgence in Kama (lust),

Krodha (anger), Lobha (avarice), Irsya (jealousy), Mana (pride), Mada (vanity), Shoka

(grieve), Chinta (anxiety), Udvega (agitation), Harsha (exhilaration) causes the vitiation of

Manasik Doshas (satva, Rajas, tamas) these in turn vitiate Sharirik Doshas and cause

diseases like Jwara (fever), Atisara (diarrhea), Shosha (emaciation), Meha (diabetes) and

Kustha (skin disorders) etc.

Anger is a compounded incident. It has dispositional properties, expressive and motivational

components, situational and individual variations, cognitive and excitatory interdependent

manifestations and psycho physiological (especially neuroendocrine) aspects.

As per modern science Anger is an emotional reaction that impacts the body. A person

experience physical conditions, such as increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure and

increased levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Psychologist point out that an angry person

can very well be mistaken because anger cause a loss in self-monitoring capacity and

objective observability.

Anger can be defined as a part of the fight or flight brain response to the perceived threat of

pain. It is an aversive, unpleasant emotion. It is intended to generate action in order to

eradicate this uncomfortable sensation. It is coupled with physiological arousal. But it is not



729

clear whether action diminishes anger or anger is used up in action. Anger is induced by

numerous factors. It is almost a universal reaction. Any threat to one's welfare (physical,

emotional, social, financial, or mental) is met with anger.

AIMS - To assess the Krodha (Anger) and its relation with different Deha and Manas

Prakriti.

OBJECTIVES

To study relation between Krodha (Anger) and deha – manas prakriti.

To assess Deha Manas prakriti along with Anger.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Type of study design

Present study is „Observational‟ type of Study.

Data collection

Permission was obtained from Respected Dean of our study Institute. One school is selected

for study by random sampling method. The School principle was approached for permission.

All the 9th

and 10th

class students were briefed about the study and informed consent form

was signed by students who are interested in this study. These students were considered for

the study. Then Deha and Manas Prakriti questionnaire along with NOVACO Anger Scale

were distributed to all the 9th

and 10th

Class students who are interested in this study.

Sample size

n = 300. Out of 300 populations, after screening, if there is any population not fulfilling the

inclusion criteria will be excluded and remaining population will be the final sample size.

Sampling technique

Purposive sampling or Judgmental sampling which comes under the type of non-probability

sampling.

Criteria for selection of study

Inclusion criteria

Apparently healthy high school students.

Adolescent Students aged between years 13 to 16 years of either sex.



730

Exclusion criteria

Students with any major illness or psychological problems.

Those with age less than 13 years and more than 16 years will be excluded.

History of any psychiatric or physical illness.

Under the influence of psychotropic drugs or substance abuse.

Withdrawal criteria

Those who are not willing for participation in this study at any stage while filling the

questionnaires.

Study Instrument

1) Case report form for determination of Deha-Prakriti (Annexure-I) by „CENTRAL

COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN AYURVEDA AND SIDDHA‟ was used in this study for

the Assessment of Deha Prakriti.

2) Standard Manas Prakriti Assessment Questionnaire - designed and validated by

„Department of Kriya Sharir, SDM college of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan‟ was used

for Manas Prakriti determination.

3) For Assessment of Anger „NOVACO Anger Scale‟ was used. This scale consist 25 items

which identifies the kind of situation that induce anger in particular individuals.

NOVACO anger scale (provocation inventory) in conjunction with its publication by

Western Psychology Services (WPS). The PI assesses self-reported anger intensity in

response to provoking situations. This instrument was developed and validated for use

with mentally disordered and normal populations.



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OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS

Deha prakriti wise distribution.

Vaat-Pitta 25%

Pitta- Vaat 27%

Pitta- Kapha 16%

Kapha- Pitta 11%

Kapha- Vaat 10%

Vata- Kapha 11% Deha Prakruti

Fig no. 7

Table no: 7 Dehaprakriti wise distrubution.

DehaPrakriti Frequency Percentage

Vaat-Pitta 76 25.33%

Pitta- Vaat 81 27%

Pitta- Kapha 46 15.33%

Kapha- Pitta 32 10.67%

Kapha- Vaat 31 10.33%

Vata- Kapha 34 11.33%

Total 300 100%

The present study shows that maximum number of students i.e. 81 (27%) were Pitta- Vaat

Prakriti while 76 (25.33%) were having Vaat-Pitta Prakriti, 46 (15.33%) were having Pitta-

Kapha Prakriti;34 (11.33 %) were having Vaat-Kapha Prakriti. 32 (10.67%) were having

Kapha-Pitta Prakriti and 31 (10.33%) were having Kapha-Vaat Prakriti.



732

Manas prakriti wise distribution.

Satvik 13%

Rajasik 42%

Tamasik 45%

Manas Prakruti

Fig no. 8

Table no: 8 Manas prakriti wise distrubution.

ManasPrakriti Frequency Percentage

Satvik 39 13%

Rajasik 125 41.67%

Tamasik 136 45.33%

Total 300 100%

The present study shows that maximum number of students i.e. 136 (45.33%) were Tamasik

Prakriti while 125 (41.67%) were having Rajasik Prakriti; 39 (13%) were having Satvik

Prakriti.



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Anger level wise distribution.

High 30%

Moderate 46%

Mild 24%

Anger Level

Fig no. 9

Table no: 9 Anger level wise distribution.

Anger Level Frequency Percentage

High 90 30%

Moderate 138 46%

Mild 72 24%

Total 300 100%

The present study shows that maximum number of students i.e. 138 (46%) were having

moderate anger level while 90 (30%) were having high anger level; 72 (24%) were having

mild anger level.

DISSCUSSION

Correlation of deha prakriti and anger.

As value of p was less than 0.05, significant difference was observed between the Anger

Levelwith the DehaPrakriti. So it was concluded that statistically there is significant

Anger Level

DehaPrakriti

Total Vata-

Pitta

Vata-

Kapha

Pitta-

Kapha

Pitta-

Vata

Kapha

- Pitta

Kapha-

Vata

High 36 3 8 36 4 3 90

Moderate 29 22 25 32 17 13 138

Mild 11 9 13 13 11 15 72

Total 76 34 46 81 32 31 300



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association found between Anger Level with the DehaPrakriti. So Vata- Pitta DehaPrakriti

and Pitta-VataDehaPrakriti is strongly associated with High Anger Level.

In Ayurvedic ancient texts information has been quoted by various acharyas about Deha

Prakriti lakshanas related with Anger as following.

1. In Vaat Prakriti- Charaka Aacharya mention Vaat Prakriti Individuals are having

Shighra Raagviraag (easily gets Angry and easily calm down) due to Shighra Guna of

Vaat Dosha, Sushruta Aacharya quoted that people having Vaat Prakriti are Krathi or

Krodhai (Angry) and according to Ashtanga Samgraha Vaat Prakriti individuals are

Shighra Kshobh (easily gets Angry).

2. In Pitta Prakriti- Sushruta Aacharya explain Pitta Prakriti persons are having Kshipra

Prakop (Short Temper), according to Ashtang Hridyam Pitta Prakriti Persons are

Krodhai (Angry) and have lakshana Krodhaen ragamvilochnani (eyes turns red due to

Anger), Ashtanga Samgraha mention Pitta Prakriti individuals have Tikshna Krodha

(intense Anger), and in Bhel Samhita Pitta Prakriti persons refer as they have Krodha

(Anger).

3. In Kapha Prakriti- Aacharya Charaka quoted Kapha Prakriti lakshana as Ashighra

kshobh (does not gets Angry easily) and Aalpa Santap (have less Anger), Ashtanga

Hrudaya mention Kapha Prakriti persons are having Alpa Krodha (less Anger), same as

Ashtang Samgraha.

In this present study it is proved statistically that Pitta-Vaata and Vaata-Pitta students show

high anger level. So literary and practically observations are same.

Thus according to above data, Persons having Vaat-Pitta and Pitta-Vata Prakriti are of High

Anger level and Kapha-Vaata Prakriti having students are of mild Anger level shows

observed result establish correct.

14. Correlation of manas prakriti and anger.

Anger Level ManasPrakriti

Total Satvik Rajasik Tamsik

High 1 63 26 90

Moderate 11 42 85 138

Mild 28 19 25 72

Total 40 124 136 300



735

After applying Chi-Square test, value of p was less than 0.05, so significant difference was

observed between the Anger levels with the Manas Prakriti. So it was concluded that

statistically there is significant association found between Anger Level with the Manas

Prakriti. So Rajasik Prakriti strongly associated with High Anger Level, while Tamasik

Prakriti is associated with Moderate Anger Level and Satvik Prakriti is associated with Mild

Anger Level.

In Ayurvedic ancient texts information has been quoted about Manas Prakriti, that person

having Satvik Prakriti has control over Anger because of satva guna lakshana (Dharma,

Aastikya, Dnyaan, Buddhi, Medha, Smruti e.t.c.), person having Rajas Prakriti have intense

Anger because of Raja Dosha lakshana (Dukhabahula, Ahamkar, Dambha, Mana, Harsha,

Kaam, Krodha e.t.c.), and in Tamas Prakriti the person becomes occasionally angery because

of Tama Dosha (Vishaditva, Naastikya, Adnyan, Durdharma e.t.c.).

CONCLUSION

The present study entitled as “ASSESSMENT OF KRODHA (ANGER) WITH „NOVACO

ANGER SCALE‟ AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AND ITS RELATION WITH

DIFFERENT DEHA-MANAS PRAKRITI” was undertaken to determine the exact relation

between Deha-Manas Prakriti and Krodha in detail. After going through a cautious practical

and theoretical study and detail conceptual literature, statistical analysis and discussion

following conclusion are drown from the study which can be categorize in two headings.

I. Conclusion from the conceptual study:

Pitta Prakriti laksanas includes (Klesa asahsinuta) Intolerance to distressing Conditions,

(Ksipra Kopa) Gets angry easily (Usna-tiksna-gunavan) Hot and sharp temperament.

Kapha Prakriti laksanas consist of (Klesa-sahishnu) Tolerant to distressing situation,

(Alpa Santapa) Not easily prone to Krodha and (Asighra Ksobha) Does not get a irritated

easily.

Vata Prakriti laksanas includes (Krathi / Krodhi) Angry (Seeghra Samarambha-

Kshodha-Vikara) Get disturbed and pleased easily.

Charaka and Sushrut Samhita quoted Vata Prakriti person is short temper but easily get

rid of anger. Pitta Prakriti has more anger according to Sushrut and Vagbhata acharya.

And in Kapha Prakriti person they enclose less anger according to Charaka and

Vagbhata Acharya.



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In Manas Prakriti, person having Satvik Prakriti has control over Anger, person having

Rajas Prakriti have intense Anger, and in Tamas Prakriti the person always in anger.

Bramha Prakriti subtype of Satvik Prakriti people have qualities like successful in

keeping away from Krodha.

Asura Prakriti Subtype of Rajas Prakriti having qualities like (Chandam) that means

intense Angry. The Asura Prakriti person is angry in nature.

Matsya satva subtype of Tamas Prakriti having qualities like (Anushkta Kama-Krodha)

means having anger (wrathful) all time.

II. Conclusion from the statically study:

In present study, statistically there is significant association found between Anger Level

with the Deha and Manas Prakriti.

In dvindwaj Prakriti Vataj-Pitta and Pittaj-Vata Deha Prakriti is strongly associated with

High Anger Level.

In Pradhantam Prakriti, Pittaj Prakriti has been strongly associated with High Anger

Level; Vataj Prakriti associated with Moderate Anger Level while Kaphaj Prakriti

associated with Low Anger Level.

In Manas Prakriti, Satvik Prakriti associated with Low Anger Level; Tamasik Prakriti

associated with Moderate Anger level and Rajasik Prakriti strongly associated with High

Anger Level.

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