Assessment of Indoor Environment Quality on Occupant ......¾ No surveys. ¾ Occupied Building ¾...
Transcript of Assessment of Indoor Environment Quality on Occupant ......¾ No surveys. ¾ Occupied Building ¾...
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Assessment of Indoor Environment Quality on Occupant Wellbeing and Educational Outcomes
20th September 2017TEMCwww.cetec.com.au
Authors
Ben LindsayCETEC Pty LtdConsultant
Vyt GarnysCETEC Group of CompaniesManaging Director & Principal Consultant Melbourne-Sydney-Brisbane-London (UK)
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• Comprehensive scientific consulting and laboratory services since 1987
• Leading provider of multidiscipline and technical risk management solutions for complex facilities.
• CETEC conducts professional IEQ audits, assessments, investigations & training for occupant health, wellbeing & productivity
• 4 NABERS Accredited Assessors and 2 WELL Building Standard APs on staff.
About us
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Key Building Services
IEQ
Indoor air & indoor environment quality
(investigations, audits, training & assessments for occupant health,
wellbeing & productivity
Accreditation & Regulations
NABERS and GBCA assessments for
energy, IEQ, waste & water.
Hazardous Materials
Environmental risk management for -
asbestos, chemicals & other hazardous
substances, including audits, registers,
decontamination & control/remediation
Design Risk & Dangerous Goods
Specialist laboratory & hospital design,
dangerous goods risk management, support & risk
evaluation
Project Management
For hazardous materials, dangerous goods , occupational
hygiene, IAQ & occupant
dissatisfaction
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Extensive Evidence of IEQ/Performance Link
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Student Performance Increase with Ventilation
• LiaChatzidiakou,DejanMumovic,JulieDockrell, UCL, UK (2014)
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Australian Schools Performance Down – Why?
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Why Conduct Building Indoor Environment Ratings?
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• Buildings affect our health, wellbeing and productivity since more than 80% of occupant time is spent indoors
Staff salary and benefits contributes to 90% of a organisations operating costs
So a 10% increase in productivity translates to
a 9% savings in operating costs
The Cost of Running a Building
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Why integrate IEQ Rating into FM Good Practise
• Management - Ordered and integrated overview
• Complaint resolution efficiency
• Maintenance KPI - intra and inter-facility
• Benchmarking KPI – intra and inter-facility
• Legal protection – best practise
• Property Valuation
• Productivity and Efficiency KPI
• Marketing and Occupancy
• Personal recognition and CV
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Compliance vs PerformanceCompliance Limits Performance / Sub Clinical Criteria
VOC – (toluene) TWA 191,000 μg/m3
VOC (total)500 μg/m3
Dust PM1-10 TWA1,000 - 5,000 μg/m3
Dust 50 μg/m3
NoiseLAeq,8h of 85 dB(A) peak 140 dB(C)
Noise45-50dB + occupant satisfaction survey
Lighting160 lux minimum
LightingUniformity , 300 lux+ occupant satisfaction survey
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EnHealth and Legionella
Learn more at http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/health-pubhlth-publicat-environ.htm
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IEQ - Building Related ParametersTypical indoor environment quality assessment parameters include:
• Particulate Matter
• Airborne Microbials
• Carbon Monoxide
• Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and Formaldehyde levels
Indoor Air Quality
• Temperature
• Relative Humidity
• Carbon Dioxide (Ventilation Effectiveness)
• Air Movement
Thermal Comfort
• Horizontal Task Illuminance (Lux)
• Vertical Task Illuminance (Lux)
• Lighting uniformity Lighting
• Ambient Sound levelsAcoustic Comfort
• Worldwide Benchmarked and Standardised Occupant Satisfaction Survey
Occupant Satisfaction & Productivity
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AVAILABLE MAIN RATING SYSTEMS in AUSTRALIA
• Green Star – Green Building Council of Australia
• NABERS ( National Australian Built Environment Rating System) –Australian Government
• WELL Building Standard – Delos Inc., USA.
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Green Star Performance – IAQ
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Green Star Performance coverage – Cooling Tower Microbial Control / Legionella
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Green Star – Air Tightness
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NABERS Indoor Environment
• NABERS Indoor Environment• World first at measuring and
benchmarking the indoor environment performance of offices
• Base Building, Tenancy & Whole Building ratings
• Benchmarked against Australian Buildings
• Since 2009
• Can be used as a step for other ratings IEQ
Air Quality
Thermal Comfort
LightingAcoustics
Occupant Satisfaction
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NABERS IE
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NABERS IE
• Parameters assessed for each rating type
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Typical Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE)
IEQ assessment
Occupancy Satisfaction Survey using international
benchmarked survey
IE rating
Ongoing collaboration with
change/design/HR/ sustainability team
Generally conducted six months following occupation
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Work Environment Productivity Assessment
• CETEC WEPA • Work Environment Productivity
Assessment
• Cost benefit of optimising IEQ
• Correlating productivity metrics related to performance of workers
• Develop a business case for IEQ optimisation
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The International WELL Building Institute
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WELL Building Standard
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WELL Air & Water Features Matrix
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Assessment of Indoor Environment Quality on Occupant Wellbeing at the Rose Bowl, Leeds Beckett University
20th September 2017TEMCwww.cetec.com.au
Presenter
Ben LindsayCETEC Pty LtdConsultant
Melbourne-Sydney-Brisbane-London (UK)
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Introduction
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Estates Services wanted to test claim that the BREEAM Excellent building had been designed with staff & student wellbeing at its heart. Needed to understand how to evaluate health & wellbeing.
IEQ parameters1. Air quality2. Therm. comfort3. Acoustics4. Lighting 5. Surveys
NABERS – single items to complete WELL – all items to be completed
Air Light
Comfort Nourishment
Fitness Mind
Innovation Water
LEED – all items to be completed
Energy & Atmos. Materials & Res
Indoor Env Qual. Regional priority
Innovation Sustainable sites
Location & trans. Water efficiency
BREEAM – all items to be completed
Energy Materials
Health & well. Management
Innovation Pollution
Land use Transport
➢ Stand alone rating.➢ includes survey.➢ IE-Occupied building➢ Since 2009➢ Measurement data
➢ All or nothing rating.
➢ No surveys.➢ Occupied
Building➢ New
Waste
Water
Water
Waste
Indoor Environment
Energy
➢ All or nothing rating.
➢ No surveys.
➢ All or nothing rating.
➢ No surveys.➢ No Measurement
data
✓
1. What should be measured? 1. Air quality2. Therm. comfort3. Acoustics4. Lighting 5. Surveys of staff
2. Which rating scheme to use?Parameter measured BASE TENANCY WHOLE
BUILDING
Carbon monoxide Y Y Y
TVOC Y Y
Formaldehyde Y Y
Particulates Y Y Y
Carbon dioxide Y Y Y
Temperature * Y Y
Relative Humidity Y Y
Air speed Y Y
Acoustic comfort Y Y Y
Lighting Y Y
Occupant survey Y y
NABERS IE
3. What specific parameters to measure?
Rose Bowl
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Benchmarks for IEQ
Table 1: International standards for what equals a good quality atmosphere for work
Parameter 1st level threshold limit (ref) 2nd level tougher limit (ref)
Carbon monoxide 9ppm (NABERS/LEED/WELL/WHO) -
TVOC 500ug/m3 (NABERS/LEED/WELL) -
Formaldehyde 100ug/m3 (NABERS/WHO) 40ug/m3 (LEED/WELL)
Particulates 50ug/m3 PM10 (NABERS/LEED/WELL) 15ug/m3 PM2.5 (LEED/WELL)
Ozone 80ppb (LEED/NEPM) -
Carbon dioxide 1000ppm (ASHRAE) 800ppm (WELL)
Temperature 21-24oC (ASHRAE) -
Relative Humidity 30-70% (ASHRAE) -
Air speed >0.2m/s (NABERS) -
Acoustic comfort 35-45dB (NABERS) -
Lighting Horizontal >320 lux /vertical >180 lux (AS1680) -
Health criteria
Comfort criteria
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Sample locations
Canteen
208
Lecture theatre
404
421
525
513
Level 5
Level 4
Level 3
Level 2
Level 1
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classroom
office
classroom
lecture room
office
classroom
canteen
office
classroom
classroom
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Summary results from IEQ assessment
KEY
✓ Criteria met
× Criteria not met
- Not measured
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Location Pass (✓) / Fail (x) – in relation to threshold values in table 1
Air
speed temp RH CO2 CO O3 PM2.5 PM10 TVOC Form. dB lux
Ambient# - Roof n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a - - - -
Classroom 513 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ x
Classroom 525 ✓ ✓ ✓ x ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ - - x x
Office 404 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Office 421 ✓ x ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ - - ✓ ✓
Classroom 320 ✓ x ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ - - ✓ ✓
Classroom 307 ✓ x ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ - - ✓ x
Lecture 241 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ - - ✓ x x -
Classroom 208 ✓ x ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ - - - -
Office 148 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ x ✓ ✓
Canteen area ✓ x ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ x ✓ - - x -
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Areas where problems were revealed
101214161820222426
Roo
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421
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20
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Lect
ure
241
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off
ice
148
can
teen
are
a
Tem
per
atu
re o C
recommended range
400500600700800900
100011001200
Roo
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421
off
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404
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Lect
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241
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148
can
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Car
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de
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m
guideline limit
0.000
0.003
0.006
0.009
0.012
0.015
0.018
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Lect
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241
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148
can
teen
are
a
PM (2
.5)
mg/
m3 guideline limit
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
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clas
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51525354555657585
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421
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…
clas
sro
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20
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Lect
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241
clas
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ice
148
can
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are
a
Aco
ust
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vels
(dB
)recommended range
0
1
2
3
4
5
Roo
f
clas
sro
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25
clas
sro
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13
off
ice
421
off
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room
404
clas
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Lect
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241
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148
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a
H-l
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/ V
-lu
x (r
atio
)
guideline limit
30
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0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
very satisfied
satisfied
Somewhat satisfied
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
Somewhat dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Very dissatisfied
How satisfied with temperature at work place
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
very satisfied
satisfied
Somewhat satisfied
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
Somewhat dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Very dissatisfied
How satisfied with acoustic quality at work place0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
very satisfied
satisfied
Somewhat satisfied
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
Somewhat dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Very dissatisfied
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
very satisfied
satisfied
Somewhat satisfied
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
Somewhat dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Very dissatisfied
How satisfied with air quality at work place
How satisfied with overall building
~ 51%
~ 39%
42%
~ 39%
~ 46%
~ 37%
~ 33%
~ 52%
Occupant Satisfaction of Staff and Students of the IE
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Overall survey performance
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
general satisfaction-building
general satisfaction-workplace
office layout
office furnishings
thermal comfortair quality
lighting
acoustic quality
cleanliness &maintenance
Rose Bowl
All buildings
key:
1 = very dissatisfied4 = neither satisfied or dissatisfied7 = very satisfied
Note:
All buildings refer to the total average of results across the independent database
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Summing up
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5. Act on results
At Rose Bowl;➢ Ventilation rates increased to eliminate formaldehyde➢ Ventilation increased to reduce temperature➢ Looking to enhance acoustic barriers and create quiet zones➢ Looking to update specification on materials and furniture in relation to VOCs➢ Will reassess situation after measures implemented➢ Will extend IEQ analysis to other buildings across the University
4. Measure IEQ
➢ Use external IEQ experts➢ Don’t rely on un tested sensors
1. Engaged Estates Services
➢ Proactive approach➢ Responding to
complaints
2. Identify what needs to be measured
➢ Health & wellbeing (IEQ)➢ Occupant satisfaction
3. Select relevant rating tools
➢ Robust science based approach➢ Efficient & timely IEQ assessment
✓
NABERS IE
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Financial Benefits of Wellness and Productivity
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The Facts from Research and Application
• Indoor climate/environments (IAQ/IEQ) affect performance/efficiency at work.
• There is systematic and strong evidence that suboptimal office IEQ conditions (for knowledge work) will produce efficiency and probably productivity loss of the order of 1-10% of labour outcomes. Targetted improvements will recover this loss.
• The loss may be a few percent of labour outcomes but its value is large and much more than energy and building management savings.
• IEQ improvements are a significant tool for occupant satisfaction and wellbeing
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Barriers Till Now
• Many stakeholders consider topic is too complex to understand.
• Investors/Owners vs Tenants/Occupants, two different views
• Sharing gains/profit mechanisms not developed
• Adoptees using IEQ for own commercial gain and not sharing data.
• Fear of HR and Brand Image from poor IEQ exposure
• Definitions of Efficiency and Productivity
• Links with Finance and Economic experts
• Education and Research alignments
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WorldGBC endorsement of IEQ
WorldGBC’s Health, Wellbeing and Productivity in Offices report raised awareness of this important topic and set out a framework for organisations to measure how their building impacts on their most valuable asset, their employees.
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World Green Building CouncilDOLLARS MATTERS
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Regular publication of indices allows for immediate high level management
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OECD - Types of Productivity Measures
• Labour productivity• Quantity index of gross economic output / Quantity economic index of
Labour Input
• Labour remains the single most important input to office work.
• Labour input is ..measured as the total number of hours worked
• Hours paid and full-time equivalent persons can provide reasonable alternatives.
• Labour Efficiency• Ratio of non-economic parameters e.g. task speed, sick leave rate and cognitive ability.
Efficiency may contribute to productivity.
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Cascade of Productivity Measurement
• Global
• Continent
• Country
• Regional
• Organizational
• Facility
• Sectional
• Personal
Increasing # of Sectors
Productivity Index = Output/Input
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Educational Productivity Measures
• Educational productivity• gross academic output / Fiscal Input• gross academic output / Labour Cost Input• gross academic output / Capital Cost Input
• Educational Efficiency• Ratio of non-economic parameters e.g. task speed, sick leave rate and
cognitive ability, scores/student. Efficiency may contribute to productivity.
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Educational Productivity and Ranking
43
Hanushek.Stanford.edu, (2015)
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Rating Systems to Obtain Productivity from IEQ?
• Readily Available
• Well Structured and Proven Technically
• Accepted by owners and occupiers
• Internally comparable
• Design Ratings eg BREEAM, LEED,..- Weak on POE and IEQ, no Occupant Satisfaction Surveys
• WELL – Comprehensive but not all data dose response related
• NABERS – Strong on performance IEQ and Occupant Satisfaction- Rate Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE)
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Case Studies
Evidence of IEQ affecting Productivity
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Labour Productivity Gains 6 months after move -12.5% average but not uniform
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Productivity%
Productivity%
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Ten Other P&POE Productivity Assessments by CETEC
IEQ Gain = $A100-200/m2
Energy Gain = $A 15-20/m2
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Work Environment Productivity Assessment for Education
• Administration and FM• Staff productivity and KPIs
• Research• Research productivity
• Education • Student satisfaction
• Student performance
• Branding• Reputation
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Assessment of Indoor Environment Quality on Occupant Wellbeing and Educational Outcomes
20th September 2017TEMCwww.cetec.com.au
Authors
Ben LindsayCETEC Pty LtdConsultant
Vyt GarnysCETEC Group of CompaniesManaging Director & Principal Consultant Melbourne-Sydney-Brisbane-London (UK)