Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events...

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06 EAE II nd Latin America and the Caribbe Regional Workshop Buenos Aires Argentina Agosto 2004 LA-06 SELECCIÓN DE ESCENARIOS DE EMISIONES SELECCIÓN DE ESCENARIOS DE EMISIONES PARA MODELOS CLIMATICOS EN AMERICA PARA MODELOS CLIMATICOS EN AMERICA CENTRAL (LA06) CENTRAL (LA06) por: Jaime Echeverria B. EAE Consultores por: Jaime Echeverria B. EAE Consultores

Transcript of Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events...

Page 1: Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America.

Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

EAE

IInd Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Workshop

Buenos Aires Argentina Agosto 2004

LA-06

SELECCIÓN DE ESCENARIOS DE EMISIONES SELECCIÓN DE ESCENARIOS DE EMISIONES PARA MODELOS CLIMATICOS EN AMERICA PARA MODELOS CLIMATICOS EN AMERICA

CENTRAL (LA06)CENTRAL (LA06)

por: Jaime Echeverria B. EAE Consultorespor: Jaime Echeverria B. EAE Consultores

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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IntroducciIntroducciónón

Marco de esta investigación es el proyecto LA06 Por qué es útil un enfoque de escenarios en aspectos

socioeconómicos? Hay 40 escenarios de IPCC en total Fuerzas que impulsan el cambio

– Economía– Población– Tecnología

Contrastar estos con la situación Centroamericana

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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ObjetivoObjetivo

Con base en la información de IPCC, y la situación Centroamericana en cuanto a socioeconomía, recomendar al CRRH que escenario (s) de IPPC utilizar en sus proyecciones

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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Puntos GeneralesPuntos GeneralesTodos los escenarios son más prósperos que

la situación actualDiferencias entre regiones disminuyenTecnología es tan importante como

población y economíaOtros GEI se afectan, pero hay más

incertidumbre que con CO2

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Recomendaciones del IPCCRecomendaciones del IPCCDebe usarse un rango de escenariosNo hay un escenario que sea el más

probable o que tenga mayor verosimilitudEn modelos de gran escala, debe usarse los

cuatro marcadores y los dos ilustrativosNo mezclar supuestos o driving forces con

modelos de emisiones y clima

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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Historias Narrativas 1Historias Narrativas 1

Cuadro 1. Familias de escenarios, con su historia narrativa y características principales.

A1 17:OS: 4HS: 13

Rápido crecimiento económico, baja tasa de crecimiento de la población y rápido cambio hacia tecnologías más eficientes. Ocurre una convergencia entre regiones y se reducen sustancialmente las diferencias en ingreso personal. Esta familia se divide en tres grupos, cada uno diferente en términos del sistema energético a utilizar: A1F, A1T y A1B. .

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Historias Narrativas 2Historias Narrativas 2A2 6:

OS: 4HS: 2

Un mundo heterogéneo, autosuficiente y que mantiene las identidades locales. Las tasas de crecimiento de la población convergen lentamente, lo cual resulta en un elevado crecimiento de la población. Crecimiento económico per capita es más lento y fragmentado que en otras familias.

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Historias Narrativas 3Historias Narrativas 3B1 9:

OS: 2HS: 7

Es un mundo convergente, bajo crecimiento de la población y con rápidos cambios en las estructuras económicas. Ocurre un movimiento hacia una economía basada en los servicios y la tecnología de la información y reduce la intensidad en materiales, y se introducen tecnologías limpias y eficientes. El énfasis es en soluciones globales para la sostenibilidad ambiental, económica y social, incluyendo aumentos en la equidad.

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Historias Narrativas 4Historias Narrativas 4B2 8:

OS: 4HS: 4

Esta historia describe un mundo con énfasis en soluciones locales a la sostenibilidad ambiental, social y económica. El crecimiento de la población, y el desarrollo económico, son moderados y el cambio tecnológico es menos rápido pero más diverso que en B1 y A1. Y aunque está orientado a la protección ambiental y equidad social, se enfoca en los niveles regional y local.

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Crecimiento EconómicoCrecimiento Económico

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Belize

Costa Rica

El Salvador

Guatemala

Honduras

Nicaragua

Panama

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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ProyeccionesProyecciones2010 2030 2050

Belice 1.87% 1.23% 0.68%

Costa Rica 2.10% 1.26% 0.72%

El Salvador 1.83% 1.26% 0.81%

Guatemala 2.59% 1.93% 1.19%

Honduras 2.51% 1.66% 1.01%

Nicaragua 2.59% 1.80% 1.11%

Panamá 1.45% 0.93% 0.52%

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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Crecimiento de la PoblaciónCrecimiento de la Población

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

1975-1980 1980-1985 1985-1990 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005

%

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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Crecimiento de la Población Crecimiento de la Población por paíspor país

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

1980-1985 1985-1990 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

%

Belize

Costa Rica

El Salvador

Guatemala

Honduras

Nicaragua

Panama

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Escenarios y la PoblaciónEscenarios y la Población

-1.00%

-0.50%

0.00%

0.50%

1.00%

1.50%

2.00%

2.50%

3.00%

A1B-AIM

A2-ASF

B1-IMAGE

B2-MESSAGE

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Escenarios y la EconomíaEscenarios y la Economía

0.00%

2.00%

4.00%

6.00%

8.00%

A1B-AIM

A2-ASF

B1-IMAGE

B2-MESSAGE

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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ConclusionesConclusiones

Enfoque de escenarios es muy útil para contrarrestar la incertidumbre de los procesos sociales y económicos

En CA hay muchas diferencias estructurales entre los países.

Ingresos aumentan pero divergen entre y adentro de los países

Población y tecnología ocurre lo mismo

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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RecomendacionesRecomendaciones

Utilizar al menos dos escenariosUtilizar escenarios marcadores pues no hay

razones de peso para desviarse de estosCon base en lo anterior utilizar los escenarios

marcadores:– A2-ASF y, – B2-MESSAGE.

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Assessment of Impacts and Adaptation Measures for the Water Resources Sector Due to Extreme Events Under Climate Change Conditions in Central America LA06

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MUCHAS GRACIAS,MUCHAS GRACIAS,

Información adicional:

[email protected]@cct.or.cr