ASSESSING THE SENSORY- NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEM. Structures 4 Cerebrum Cortex 4 Frontal lobe Temporal...

ASSESSING THE SENSORY-NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEM

Structures Cerebrum Cortex Frontal lobe Temporal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Thalamus Hypothalamus Cerebellum Brainstem Midbrain Medulla Meninges Ventricles

FunctionsWhat are the functions of…

Cerebrum: Largest part of brain

Cortex: Outer layer of cerebrum; controls

most conscious processesFrontal Lobe:

Emotional expression, Broca’s area (expressive language) (Continued)


Temporal lobe:

Hearing, taste, smell, memory, Wernike’s (language comprehension)

(Continued)


Parietal: Sensory input

Occipital lobe: Vision and spatial relationships

(Continued)


Thalamus: Clusters multiple sensory stimuli

Hypothalamus: Controls autonomic nervous system

and pituitary glandCerebellum:

Coordination, equilibrium(Continued)


Brainstem: Involuntary survival behaviors;

includes midbrain, medulla and pons

Midbrain: Visual, auditory, pupils, and eye

movements(Continued)


Medulla: Regulates heart, respiratory rates,

B/P, and protective reflexesPons:

Helps with respiratory function, facial sensation and movement

(Continued)


Meninges: 3 layers (pia, arachnoid, dura);

protect brain and spinal cordVentricles:

4 cavities; capillaries produce and reabsorb CSF

(Continued)

DevelopmentalVariationsWhat developmental variations of the

neurologic/sensory system might you seen with:

ChildrenPregnant clientsOlder adults

Cultural Variations

What cultural variations of the neurologic/sensory system might be seen with:

African Americans Irish Native Americans

HistoryWhat can the history tell you about the neurologic/sensory system?

Biographical data Current health status Past health history Family history Review of systems Psychosocial history

SymptomsWhat symptoms would signal a problem with the neurologic/sensory system? Headache Mental status change Dizziness, vertigo, syncope Numbness or loss of sensation Deficits of the 5 senses Seizures

Physical AssessmentApproach: inspection, palpation, and

auscultation Position: sittingTools: stethoscope, B/P cuff, penlight,

gloves, cotton, sharp object, coin, fragrance, sweet and sour substance, tongue blade, test tubes, reflex hammer, ophthalmoscope

General Survey and head-to-toe scan

Cerebral FunctionMental Status Behavior Level of consciousness: time, place,

person Glasgow Coma Scale Memory: recent, remote, four unrelated

words test Mathematical ability Thought process Judgement General knowledge Communication

Sensory FunctionSuperficial sensations: Light touch Pain Temperature

Deep sensations: Vibratory sensations Kinesthetics

(Continued)

Sensory FunctionDiscriminatory sensations: Stereognosis Graphesthesia 2 point discrimination Point localization Extinction

Deep Tendon Reflexes Biceps Triceps Brachioradialis Patellar Achilles Plantar

Superficial Reflexes Plantar Abdominal Cremasteric

Protective Reflexes

Gag Cough Swallow Blink Corneal

Primitive Reflexes

Babinski Sucking Grasp Rooting Moro Tonic Neck Stepping

Motor Function Finger-to-nose Heel-to-shin Rapid alternating movements Romberg Gait: heel-to toe

ASSESSING THE SENSORY- NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEM. Structures 4 Cerebrum Cortex 4 Frontal lobe Temporal...

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