ASPECTS OF ORGANIC MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN CATALONIA

Agència de Residus de CatalunyaGisela Sommer23/10/2014

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23/10/2014 Agència de Residus 2

Public companySustainable waste management• Control, planning, legislationResponsible authority for waste generated in Catalonia– industrial– municipal

– construction & demolition– soil recovery

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Catalonia

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Population Surface Density MunicipalitiesInhabitants km2 inhab/km2 No.

Catalonia 7.553.650 32.106 235 947

Metropolitan Area 3.228.569 636 5.076 36

Barcelona 1.611.822 101 15.959 1

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947 MunicipalitiesAuthorities responsible for MSW collectionMay delegate obligations to 

Consortia Consells Comarcals (County Councils)Associations of municipalitiesEtc.

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Municipal Waste Generation in Catalonia

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Municipal Waste Generation 2013

Total MSW amount 2013:

2.226.819 t373.828 t 262.427 t 158.240 t 127.574 t

3.588.635 tonnes

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10,6% 7,3% 4,4% 3,6% 12,1% 62,1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

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Separate collection of:

Light packagingGlassPaper&cardboardOrganic Fraction (biowaste)

Biological Treatment

Rest Fraction (mixed residual waste)Mechanical Biological Treatment LandfillIncineration

Municipal Waste Composition in Catalonia(Analysis 2013)

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What is the organic fraction of MSW ???

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Consumption patterns (Mediterranian Diet)

Restaurants

Why separate collection and biological treatment???

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External Factors:

Poor soils: < 1 % C

Why separate collection and biological treatment???

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Landfill is no option:

EU Landfill directive

Why separate collection and biological treatment???

Greenhouse Gas

No capacities left

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Compost

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How to implement separate collection and biological treatment ???

Tools to approach separate collection of Organic Fraction:

1. Legal dispositions

2. Targets (Waste Management Plans)

3. Financial Instruments

4. COORDINATED APPLICATION OF POINTS 1‐3

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Act 6/1993

Act 15/2003

Act 16/2003

Act 9/2008

>5.000

1. Legal dispositions

Separate collectioncompulsory

Financial penalization of disposal

DeploymentPlan + FinancialIncentives

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2. Targets for Biowaste

PRECAT 20

Recovery of 60% of Biowaste produced

Contamination <10%

Reduction of 50% Biowaste production, reference year 2010

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Disposal tax

Subsidies

Refunding of disposal tax

3. Financial Instruments

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2014 Disposal tax per ton of MSWSeparate collection of Organic Fraction implemented Landfill  Incineration 

yes 15,80 €                    7,40 €                    

no 25,40 €                    18,60 €                  

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Disposal tax: €/t

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Separate collection of Organic Fraction: 10,- €/t

The refunding is subject to a quality coeffient applied per ton, based on periodical characterisations. At 15 % of impurities the refunding is 0.

Refunding of disposal tax

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Biological treatment of Organic Fraction: 34,- €/ton

Home composting of Organic Fraction:

 exclusive method 

 complementing separate collection 

Individual composters 20,00 €    5,00 €        community composters 60,00 €    15,00 €      

per composter installed

Basis of assessment is the quantity of netOrganic Fraction, subtracting impurities.

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2003/06/2014

Collection vehiclesContainers

Buckets & compostable bags

Home Composting

Promotion & campaign

Funding up to 75% max.

Feasibility study

Trigger for separate collection

Subsidies

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1 10 18 2458

75 97 108159

239

320380

430

525

630654

663 697

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

300.000

350.000

400.000

450.000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

No. of m

unicipalities

tons

Evolution of Implementation and Tons of Biowaste 

Biowaste Home Comp. Acumulat Munic.

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Disposal tax

Higher disposal tax if no separate collection

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How to collect biowaste separately ???

Road ContainersDoor to Door

Municipalities

Separate Collection 741Door to Door 118

Home/Community Composting 256

Home/Community Composting

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PROsRequires less areaAllows better management of emissions / odorsAllows recovery of energy (biogas)Fuel for vehicles

CONsHigh costs (investment /management)More sofisticated and sensitive technologyRequires high input quantitiesRequires homogeneous inputMore adequate for industrial scale

PROsSimple, robust technologyFlexibility (capacity/modules)Biological process less complicatedProcess allows and requires input of woodymaterials (green waste)Lower costs (investment/management) than AD

CONsSlower processGeneration of odours if not managed well

ANAEROBIC DIGESTIONWith post-composting COMPOSTING4 18

How to treat biowaste ???

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Recommendations:

Establish criteria for implementation plans in legal dispositions.

Subject subsidies to feasibility studies (staff capacity, contracts, etc.). Consider home‐composting in small villages and areas of difficult access.

Charge higher disposal tax in absence of implementation plan.

Establish legal obligation for separate collection in the commercial and industrial sector.

Be patient! Slowly but surely does the trick!

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БЛАГОДАРЯ ВИ ЗА ВНИМАНИЕТО!

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