Geo Cities Manual - Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia Region
Asia Economic Geo
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Transcript of Asia Economic Geo
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Asia
Economic Geography
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Agriculture in Asia
Many countries in Asia have arable land
that is good for farming.
Tropical crops are grown in countries withtropical climate zones.
Rice is the most important food crop in the
region.
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Crops
A few tropical crops are:
A. Tea
B. Sugar Cane
C. Coffee
D. Rubber
E. Cocao
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World Tea Production
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World Coffee Production
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Methods of Farming
In mountainous areas of Asia peoplepractice agricultural terracing.
In areas with tropical forests people useslash and burn farming.
Many tropical cash crops are grown on
large plantations. In most areas people still practice
subsistence farming.
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Rice Terraces
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The Green Revolution
The Green Revolution was a period of time
from the 1940s to the 1960s when new
strains of rice and other crops wereintroduced to developing parts of the world.
These new crops produced more food per
square hectare and allowed food productionto keep pace with population growth.
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The Green Revolution
IR8 is a variety of rice that was geneticallyengineered by the International Rice ResearchInstitute and introduced to India.
Regular Rice Yield = 1/2 ton per hectare
IR8 Rice Yield = 5 tons per hectare with nofertilizer and 10 tons with fertilizer.
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Developed or Developing?
Most countries in Asia are developing.
China is developing but it is industrialized.
India is developing but it has many factories
and some cities have high tech sectors such
as computer programming and the
manufacturing of electronic components.
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Comparison of Demographics
Japan China
GDP 4.417 trillion 7.043 trillion
GDP Per Capita $33,800 $5,300
Life Expectancy 82 years 73 years
Infant Mortality 2.8 21.16
Literacy Rate 99% 90%
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Comparison of Economy
Sector of the
economy
Japan China
Agriculture 4.6% 11.7%
Industry 27.8% 49.2%
Services 67.7% 39.1%
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Developed
The following countries are developed:
A. Japan
B. Taiwan
C. Singapore
D. South Korea
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Developed
Taiwan, Singapore, and South Korea are
considered newly industrialized countries
because they built most of their factories inthe last fifty years and the economy of these
countries no longer relies on agriculture.
Japan is highly industrialized but it has beenindustrialized since the late 19th century.
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Japan
Japan has one of the largest fishing fleets in the
world.
Japan has automobile factories but in general theeconomy is moving towards the service sector.
Japan is the economic leader in the region.
Japan is heavily dependent on imported raw
resources. It must import about 50% of its food
and most of its fuel.
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China
China is communist and had a centrally planned or
command economy, however, in the last thirty
years China has transitioned towards a free marketeconomy.
China, along with many countries in Asia, now
participates in the global market.
Due to rapid industrialization China now faces
several environmental problems such as soil
erosion, air pollution, and the loss of arable land.
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Economic Systems
There are three types of economic
systems:
A. Free Market Economy
B. Mixed Economy
C. Command Economy (Centrally Planned)
The only country in Asia with a strict command economyis North Korea. Laos, Vietnam, and China are alltransitioning towards free market economies.
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Economic Unions
The largest economic union in this regionis ASEAN, The Association of Southeast
Asian Nations. The members of ASEANare:
A. Brunei F. CambodiaB. Indonesia G. Laos
C. Vietnam H. ThailandD. Philippines I. SingaporeE. Malaysia J. Myanmar
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ASEAN
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ASEAN
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SAARC
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Population
Parts of Asia are very densely populatedand parts of it are sparsely populated.
Densely populated areas include EasternChina, India, Japan, and most of SoutheastAsia.
Sparsely populated areas are WesternChina, Mongolia, and areas in the HimalayaMountains.
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Population
China is the most populated country in the
world and India is the second most
populated country. China has instituted a one child policy in
order to limit population growth. India has
no policy.
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Population Pyramids
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Population Pyramids
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Cities
Asia has some of the largest cities in theworld.
In Asia there is an extreme contrast betweenurban areas and rural areas. People in ruralareas are still living a traditional lifestyleand practicing subsistence farming.
Many people are moving to cities to lookfor jobs.
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Cities
Site = The physical location of a city.
Situation = The economic, political,
cultural, or topographic factors that make acity important.
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CitiesCity Site
Singapore
Hong Kong
Situation
Xian, China
Varanasi, India
Island
Island
On a trade route, TheStrait of Malacca
Grew up on a traderoute,The Silk Road
Focal point forReligious pilgrimage
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Silk Road