Artle Hre System Ver Wal Tung 2010

7/31/2019 Artle Hre System Ver Wal Tung 2010

1/154

AIX 6 SystemAdministration I:Implementation(Course code AU14)

Student ExercisesERC 12.0

IBM certified course material

4.1

over

Front cover


2/154

Student Exercises

February 2008 edition

The information contained in this document has not been submitted to any formal IBM test and is distributed on an as is basis without

any warranty either express or implied. The use of this information or the implementation of any of these techniques is a customer

responsibility and depends on the customers ability to evaluate and integrate them into the customers operational environment. While

each item may have been reviewed by IBM for accuracy in a specific situation, there is no guarantee that the same or similar results will

result elsewhere. Customers attempting to adapt these techniques to their own environments do so at their own risk.

Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1997, 2008. All rights reserved.

This document may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.Note to U.S. Government Users Documentation related to restricted rights Use, duplication or disclosure is subject to restrictions

set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

Trademarks

The reader should recognize that the following terms, which appear in the content of this

training document, are official trademarks of IBM or other companies:

IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.

The following are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United

States, or other countries, or both:

VMware and the VMware "boxes" logo and design, Virtual SMP and VMotion are

registered trademarks or trademarks (the "Marks") of VMware, Inc. in the United States

and/or other jurisdictions.

Alerts is a registered trademark of Alphablox Corporation in the United States, other

countries, or both.

PS/2 is a trademark or registered trademark of Lenovo in the United States, other

countries, or both.

PostScript is either a registered trademark or a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated

in the United States, and/or other countries.

Java and all Java-based trademarks are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the

United States, other countries, or both.

Microsoft and Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other

countries, or both.

AIX AIX 5L AIX 6 (logo)

AS/400 CICS/6000 DB2

Domino HACMP iSeries

Language Environment Lotus Magstar

MVS Network Station Notes

OS/2 POWER POWER4

POWER5 POWER6 PowerPC

pSeries Requisite RISC System/6000

RS/6000 SecureWay SPSystem p System/370 System Storage

Tivoli 400


3/154

Student Exercises

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part

without the prior written permission of IBM.

iii AIX System Administration I Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008

Intel is a trademark or registered trademark of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the

United States and other countries.

UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other

countries.

Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or

both.

Other company, product, or service names may be trademarks or service marks of others.


4/154

Student Exercises



iv AIX System Administration I Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008


5/154

Student Exercises

4.1

OC



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Contents v

Contents

Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Exercises description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

Exercise 1. root login methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1Part 1 - Direct logins to root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Part 2 - Using the su command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Exercise 2. Using SMIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1Part 1 - Using SMIT (ASCII interface) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Part 2 - (Optional) Using SMIT (Motif interface). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Exercise 3. System startup and shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1Part 1 - Multi-User mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Part 2 - Boot using System Management Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2Part 3 - System Resource Controller (SRC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Exercise 4. AIX software installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1Part 1 - List and install AIX software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Part 2 - Working with AIX Fixes (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Exercise 5. AIX 6.1 installation and configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Exercise 6. Web-based System Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Part 1: Use the Web-based System Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2Part 2 (Optional): Configure the Web-based System Manager for AIX client access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

Part 3 (Optional): Configure the Web-based System Manager for remote client

access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

Exercise 7. Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1Part 1 - List device configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

Part 2 - List and change system parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

Part 3 - Removing and redefining a network adapter device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Part 4 - Changing the status of a disk drive device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5Part 5 - Configure a tape device (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Exercise 8. LVM commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

Exercise 9. Working with LVM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1Part 1 - Adding and removing a disk from a volume group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

Part 2 - Creating and removing a volume group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

Part 3 - Exploring your storage environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4


6/154

Student Exercises



vi AIX System Administration I Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008

Part 4 - Adding a volume group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6

Part 5 - Adding a logical volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6

Exercise 10. Working with file systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-1Part 1 - Inodes and NBPI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2

Part 2 - Creating a journaled file system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

Part 3 - Changing the file system size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5

Part 4 - Reducing the size of a file system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6

Part 5 - Removing a file system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7

Part 6 - Working with mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8

Exercise 11. Managing file systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-1Part 1 - Determining file system usage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3

Part 2 - Using fragments for disk usage efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4

Part 3 - Using JFS compression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6

Part 4 - Fixing file system problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-8

Part 5 - Optional exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9

Exercise 12. Paging space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-1

Exercise 13. Usingbackup and restore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1Part 1 - Use SMIT to backup a non-rootvg volume group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-3

Part 2 - Prepare file system for backup/restore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-4

Part 3 - Backup and restore by inode (file system) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-5

Part 4 - Backup and restore by name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-8

Part 5 - (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-9

Exercise 14. (Optional) Using tar and cpio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1Part 1 - Using tar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-2

Part 2 - Using cpio (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-4

Exercise 15. Security files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-1Part 1 - Security control files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-2

Part 2 - SUID and sticky bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-3

Exercise 16. User administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-1Part 1: User administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-2

Part 2 - Group administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-4Part 3 - Customizing the default .profile file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-5

Part 4 - Removing users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-5

Part 5 - Communicating with users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-7

Part 6 - Examine the security set up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-8

Part 7 - Customizing the login herald . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-9

Exercise 17. Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-1


7/154

Student Exercises

4.1

OC



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Contents vii

Part 1 - Using at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-2

Part 2 - Using batch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-4

Part 3 - Using crontab Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-4

Part 4 - Optional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-6

Exercise 18. Printers and queues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-1Part 1 - Add a local printer and a queue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-2

Part 2 - Add a file device queue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-3

Part 3 - Check the queue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-4

Part 4 - Change the characteristics of a queue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-5

Part 5 - Manage jobs in queues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-6

Part 6 - Add a remote print queue (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-7

Exercise 19. Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-1Part 1 - Deconfigure TCP/IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-2

Part 2 - Configure TCP/IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-3

Part 3 - Testing the configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-3

Part 4 - Using telnet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-5Part 5 - Using ftp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-6

Appendix A. Optional exercise: AIX 5L V5.3 installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

Appendix B. Serial devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1Part 1 - Verify a terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

Part 2 - Remove a terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3

Part 3 - Add a terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4

Part 4 - Check terminal communications settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5

Part 5 - Change terminal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6Part 6 - Fixing a hung terminal (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7

Appendix C. Optional exercise: The System V print subsystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1Part 1 - Switch print subsystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2

Part 2 - Add a System V printer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2

Part 3 - Submit print jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6

Part 4 - (Optional) Configure a remote print server and client . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-8


8/154

Student Exercises



viii AIX System Administration I Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008


9/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Trademarks ix

4.1

MK Trademarks

The reader should recognize that the following terms, which appear in the content of this

training document, are official trademarks of IBM or other companies:

IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.

The following are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United

States, or other countries, or both:

VMware and the VMware "boxes" logo and design, Virtual SMP and VMotion are

registered trademarks or trademarks (the "Marks") of VMware, Inc. in the United States

and/or other jurisdictions.

Alerts is a registered trademark of Alphablox Corporation in the United States, other

countries, or both.

PS/2 is a trademark or registered trademark of Lenovo in the United States, other

countries, or both.

PostScript is either a registered trademark or a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated

in the United States, and/or other countries.

Java and all Java-based trademarks are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the

United States, other countries, or both.

Microsoft and Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other

countries, or both.

Intel is a trademark or registered trademark of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the

United States and other countries.

UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other

countries.

Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or

both.

Other company, product, or service names may be trademarks or service marks of others.

AIX AIX 5L AIX 6 (logo)

AS/400 CICS/6000 DB2

Domino HACMP iSeries

Language Environment Lotus Magstar

MVS Network Station Notes

OS/2 POWER POWER4

POWER5 POWER6 PowerPC

pSeries Requisite RISC System/6000

RS/6000 SecureWay SP

System p System/370 System Storage

Tivoli 400


10/154

Student Exercises



x AIX System Administration I Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008


11/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercises description xi

4.1

ef Exercises description

Exercise Instructions This section contains what it is you are to

accomplish. There are no definitive details on how to perform the

tasks. You are given the opportunity to work through the exercise

given what you learned in the unit presentation, utilizing the unitStudent Notebook, your past experience and maybe a little intuition.

Exercise Instructions With Hints This section is an exact

duplicate of the Exercise Instructions section except that in addition,

specific details and/or hints are provided to help step you through the

exercise. A combination of using the Instructions section along with

Instructions With Hints section can make for a rewarding combination

providing you with no hints when you don't want them and hints when

you need them.

Optional Exercises This section gives you additional exercises to

perform relating to the unit of discussion. It is strictly optional and

should be performed when you have completed the required

exercises. The required exercises pertain to the most pertinent

information provided in the unit. This section may help round out the

hands-on experience for a related unit.


12/154

Student Exercises



xii AIX System Administration I Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008

Text highlighting

The following text highlighting conventions are used throughout this book:

Bold Identifies file names, file paths, directories, user names and

principals.

Italics Identifies links to Web sites, publication titles, and is used

where the word or phrase is meant to stand out from thesurrounding text.

Monospace Identifies attributes, variables, file listings, SMIT menus, code

examples of text similar to what you might see displayed,

examples of portions of program code similar to what you might

write as a programmer, and messages from the system.

Monospace bold Identifies commands, daemons, menu paths and what the userwould enter in examples of commands and SMIT menus.

The text between the < and > symbols identifies information theuser must supply. The text may be normal highlighting, bold or

monospace, ormonospace bolddepending on the context.


13/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 1. root login methods 1-1

4.1

Xempty Exercise 1. root login methods

What this exercise is about

In this exercise, you look at several ways to invoke the privileges of the

root user.

What you should be able to do

After completing this exercise, students should be able to:

Directly log in as root

Use the su command to log in as root

Introduction

Typically the system administrator should not use root as their normal

login account. Instead, they should use the su command to becomeroot for a short period of time to do administrative tasks.


14/154

Student Exercises



1-2 AIX System Administration I Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008

Exercise Instructions

Preface

Two versions of these instructions are available; one with hints and one without. You can

use either version to complete this exercise. Also, please dont hesitate to ask the instructor

if you have questions.

All exercises of this chapter depend on the availability of specific equipment in your

classroom.

If your lab environment uses remote System p platforms, the instructor provide you with

instructions for accessing the remote environment. For example, this may involve using a

Web browser to access a Web server which provides access to a virtual private network

(VPN) or it may involve using a toll that extends a remote VPN to your desktop machine.

Once you have access to the remote environment you can choose a tool to connect to your

assigned machine. Once again, your instructor provides you with the addressing (IP

address or hostname) and instructions for accessing the remote machine. Your network

utility may be a telnet client, an X-Windows server, or a VNC client. Whatever tool you are

using, at various points in the labs, you may need to re-launch your remote access tool to

obtain a new login prompt.

If you are using an ascii based network client, such as PuTTY, be sure to specify the telnet

protocol in addition to providing the IP address of your assigned lab system. You may also

want to customize the terminal emulation, such as configuring the keyboard mapping to

generate when the backspace key is pressed. You might also wish to adjust the

window appearance characteristics such as the font size. If you did not customize before

launching the terminal emulation, you can make the changes later by right clicking on thetitle bar and selecting change settings.

If you are using a VNC viewer (to access CDE environment), you need to enter (when

prompted) the IP address of your assigned lab system, immediately followed by :#, where

# is the port number for the vncserver. For example: 192.168.22.5:1.

Part 1 - Direct logins to root

__ 1. Establish connectivity to the remote lab environment. (If you are using local

non-partitioned machines, you only need to turn on the local attached terminal andskip to step 3).

__ 2. Select and launch a network utility to access your assigned lab system.

__ 3. Log in as the user root. The password is ibmaix.

__ 4. Open a terminal. (if necessary)


15/154

Student Exercises




4.1

Xempty __ 5. Determine your current directory and your home directory.

Current directory: ________/__

Home directory: ________/__

__ 6. To verify that you do, in fact, have root privileges, cat out the file/etc/security/passwd. This file holds the encrypted passwords for the users on your

system. Only root can look at this file. More details on this file are mentioned later in

the course. Did you see the contents of the file? __________

__ 7. Log out of the system.


16/154

Student Exercises




Part 2 - Using the su command

__ 8. Log into the system using the login name team01 and the password team01.


__ 10. Determine your current directory and your home directory.

Current directory: __________

Home directory: __________

__ 11. Check to see if you have the authority to view /etc/security/passwd.

Did you see the contents of the file? __________

__ 12. Change to the /tmp directory.

__ 13. Now, switch user to root without using the - (dash) option.

__ 14. Determine your current directory and your home directory.

Current directory: __________

Home directory: __________

Has anything changed? _____________________________________________

__ 15. Do you have root privileges? Check /etc/security/passwd. _________

__ 16. Change to the /etc directory.

__ 17. Exit back to team01.

__ 18. Did the su and the cdto /etc (in the resulting subshell) affect the current directoryafter exiting the subshell? ______

__ 19. Now, try using the su command with the - (dash) option. What is your homedirectory? If you're not sure, check before performing the su. .


17/154

Student Exercises




4.1

Xempty __ 20. Determine your current directory and your home directory.

Current directory: _____/_____

Home directory: _____/_____

Is there any thing different this time?

__ 21. Check /etc/security/passwd to make sure you have root privileges.

__ 22. Exit back to team01 and log out.

End of exercise


18/154

Student Exercises





19/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 2. Using SMIT 2-1

4.1

Xempty Exercise 2. Using SMIT


AIX provides several different interfaces; ASCII (command-line),

Common Desktop Environment (CDE) and X-Window (Motif). Thisexercise provides an opportunity to use the ASCII interface to the

System Management Interface Tool (SMIT). Optionally, you can also

use CDE and Motif interface to SMIT.



Log in from the ASCII interface

Start SMIT (ASCII and optionally the graphical version) Add users with default settings

Navigate through the SMIT menus

Use SMIT function keys

Display the SMIT history files, smit.log, and smit.script

Start and use graphical SMIT

Introduction

This exercise is designed to give you experience working with the

system management tools supplied with AIX. In most classrooms,there are two students per AIX system. In many cases, only one

person is able to perform the task at a time. You need to work together

with your teammate. Be sure to take turns at the keyboard.


20/154

Student Exercises





Preface

Two versions of these instructions are available; one with hints and one without. You can

use either version to complete this exercise. Also, please dont hesitate to ask the instructor

if you have questions.

Note that on some terminal emulations, the function keys are not operative and you may

need to substitute escape sequences. For example, instead of pressing F3, you might

need to press for the same function.


classroom.

Part 1 - Using SMIT (ASCII interface)

__ 1. Log in as the user root. The password is ibmaix.


__ 3. Start SMIT in ASCII mode.

__ 4. Add five users to the system. They should be named team100 through team104.

Take all of the defaults. Customizing the attributes is covered later in the course.

Assign a password for each user that is the same as the user name. When the fiveusers and their passwords have been entered, exit from SMIT.

__ 5. Start SMIT using the options to redirect the smit.script and smit.log files to the

/home/team100 directory. From the main SMIT menu, select Processes &

Subsystems. Display all the current process running on your system. Examine the

output.

Which command do you think was executed? _______.

How can you find out? ___________________________________________ Return to the main menu.

__ 6. In a similar manner, select each of the main SMIT menu entries, examine the

submenu, then use the F3 key to back up to the previous menu. Do not executeany commands that may cause changes to the system. Because you are logged

in as root, you must be very careful.


21/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 2. Using SMIT 2-3

4.1

Xempty

__ 7. Shell out (F9) and execute the date command. Return to SMIT and do the following:

1) Stop syslogd subsystem.

2) View the command that was executed.

3) List ALL subsystems to see that syslogd is inoperative.

4) Restart syslogd.

5) Continue to the next step. Do not press F3 or exit SMIT.

__ 8. You should have the COMMAND STATUS screen displayed. Capture an image of

this screen. Exit SMIT.

__ 9. Look at the SMIT history files usingpg ormore. Look for the image you captured in

the previous step. What information is in each of these files? ____________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Why should these files be monitored?

_____________________________________________________________

__ 10. Look at the ownership of the SMIT history files of user team100 with ls -al.

Was it a good idea to create these files as root? ____ What will happen if user team100 will use SMIT?

_____________________________________________________________

__ 11. As the system administrator, you can select the default interface that the users can

use. Depending on your classroom environment, you may be able to set a different

interface. Ask your instructor if you would like to change the interface. For the new

interface to take effect, you need to reboot your system. Log out when you are done.

Note

If you are using VNC for remote graphics, do not change the system user interface

in this step; your VNC server is configured to only work with a CDE user interface.

__ 12. If you did not change your System User Interface (and thus did not need to reboot),

terminate smit and log off of your system.


22/154

Student Exercises




Part 2 - (Optional) Using SMIT (Motif interface)

__ 13. If using CDE, log into CDE desktop as root and the password ibmaix.

If using an X-Windows environment, log in to the AIX system from the ASCII

interface as root and the password ibmaix.

__ 14. If necessary, open a terminal window. If one already exists, skip to the next step.

__ 15. Add five users to the system. They should be named team200 through team204.

Take all the defaults. Do not assign passwords for these users. When the five

users have been entered, exit from SMIT.

__ 16. In a similar manner, select each of the main SMIT menu entries, examine the

submenu, and then use the Cancel button to go back to the previous menu. Do not

execute any commands that may cause changes to the system. Because you

are logged in as root, you must be very careful.

__ 17. Exit from SMIT. Look at the SMIT history files withpg ormore.

What information is in each of these files?

_____________________________________________________________

Why should these files be monitored?

_____________________________________________________________

__ 18. Log out of CDE or X-Windows.

__ 19. Log out of the system.

End of exercise


23/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 3. System startup and shutdown 3-1

4.1

Xempty Exercise 3. System startup and shutdown


This exercise familiarizes you with the system startup and shutdown

process, and using the System Resource Controller (SRC).



Start a System p in multi-user

Switch to the root user and shutdown the system

Execute the lssrc, stopsrc, and startsrc commands

Introduction

If there are two or more students per system, you must work as a

single team throughout this exercise. All instructions involve using the

system unit for starting and stopping the system in various modes.


24/154

Student Exercises





Preface

Two versions of these instructions are available; one with hints and one without. You

can use either version to complete this exercise. Also, please dont hesitate to ask the

instructor if you have questions.


classroom.

Part 1 - Multi-User mode

__ 1. Log in using the user name and password provided by your instructor. The login

name should be a user name such as teamxx where xx is a double digit number like

01, 02, and so forth. Switch to the root user. Display the alog file for the bootlog.

Page through the output to see what devices were configured and the other tasks

that were performed.

Note

If this is the first time you log in using the user name, you are prompted to change

your password. Keep it the same as the user name.

__ 2. Page out the /etc/inittab file. Take a moment to become familiar with its contents.

What is the run level of shdaemon? _______

What does it mean? ___________________________________

__ 3. Log out of this session.

Part 2 - Boot using System Management Services

__ 4. If your remote AIX system is an LPAR on a remote managed system, then you can

do this SMS exercise by remotely accessing the HMC using your Web browser and

starting a virtual console session with your AIX system (the Web browser must haveconnectivity to the HMC which may be inside a virtual private network (VPN).

__ 5. In order to boot to an SMS mode, you must first shutdown the AIX system. From the

command line, request a shutdown with no delay and no reboot.

__ 6. Access your systems HMC by starting a Web browser and using the HMCs IP

address as the URL. If you do not have this IP address, ask your instructor. (If you

are on a stand-alone system, skip to Step 4 below for booting in SMS mode.)


25/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 3. System startup and shutdown 3-3

4.1

Xempty __ 7. Start the Hardware Management Console application by clicking the Launch link.

Log into your system HMC as hscroot. and password abc1234. Locate your

machine and the logical partition which your are assigned.

__ 8. Locate the icon for your partition. The state of the partition should be not active.

Activate the partition, specifying that you want to open a terminal window and that

you want a boot mode of SMS.

__ 9. If you are using a local non-partitioned system (otherwise skip to the next step): As

the root user, shut down and reboot the system to the System Management

Services mode. As soon as you see the keyboard and hear a beep, you should

press the numeric 1 key or key to access SMS.

__ 10. System Management Services (SMS) menus and contents vary from one System p

machine/model to another. Take a few moments to explore the menu options which

display on your system. Do not make any changes or run any tests. Also, dont clickExiton the main SMS screen until you are finished exploring the other options.

__ 11. When you are done exploring, exit the SMS program and allow the system to reboot

in multi-user mode.

Part 3 - System Resource Controller (SRC)

__ 12. Log in as root. List the active and inoperative subsystems on your system. Display a

screen at a time. Locate the syslogdsubsystem. It should be marked as active.

__ 13. Using the appropriate SRC commands, stop the syslogdsubsystem. Check that itis inoperative. Restart it. Check that it is active.


26/154

Student Exercises




Part 4 - Resetting the run level (INIT)

__ 14. Shutting a system down to Single User mode removes any TCP/IP network access

to the system. Due to this, you need to use the system console while doing this lab

exercise.

If you are using a non-partitioned local system, then login at the attached console

and skip to step 18.If you are using a partitioned system, you need to start a virtual terminal to your

partition, as you did earlier when booting to SMS mode. Do the following steps:

__ 15. Access your systems HMC by starting a Web browser and using the HMCs IP

address as the URL. If you do not have this IP address, ask your instructor. (If you

are on a stand-alone system, skip to Step 4 below for booting in SMS mode.)

__ 16. Start the Hardware Management Console application by clicking the Launch link.

Log into your system HMC as hscroot. and password abc1234. Locate your

machine and the logical partition which your are assigned.

__ 17. Start a virtual console window for your assigned partition. This acts as your system

console during the exercise.

__ 18. Reset the run level to Single User Mode without rebooting the system.

__ 19. Verify that several subsystems have been stopped.

__ 20. Verify that there are few processes running on the system.

__ 21. Run /etc/rc.net to start the network interfaces and then reset the Run Level toMulti-User Mode.

__ 22. Ensure that all normal subsystems have been started and are working properly. If

you have been using CDE, and CDE fails/hangs now, you forgot to run /etc/rc.netin the previous step.

__ 23. Shut down and reboot the system one more time.

End of exercise


27/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 4. AIX software installation 4-1

4.1

Xempty Exercise 4. AIX software installation


In this exercise, you list the software currently installed on the AIX

system. You then install two software packages.


List the software installed on an AIX system

Install software

Install software fixes (optional)

View the history of installed software (optional)

Introduction


installation facilities supplied with AIX. If there is more than one

student sharing a system, then only one person can actually perform

these steps. All other students on that system should observe while

the steps are being done.

In this exercise, you install two software packages:

bos.dosutil bos.games

In this exercise, you may also install a fix to already installed software

packages.

The instructions are written assuming you are using SMIT in ASCII

mode. However, it is easy to interpret the instructions so that they can

be used with SMIT in the AIXWindows environment. Feel free to use

SMIT in either mode.

When you select an item while using the ASCII user interface, use the

cursor keys on the keyboard to highlight a menu item, then press

Enter. On a graphics display, choose (that is, click) the selected itemwith the left mouse button.

The fix installation and display of the fix history is optional. It requires

that the lab setup for the exercises used an AIX 5L V5.3 TL6 base

installation. If the image used in your lab environment has additional


28/154

Student Exercises




maintenance already installed and committed, you may not be able to

successfully complete the optional steps.


29/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 4. AIX software installation 4-3

4.1

Xempty Exercise Instructions

Preface





classroom.

Part 1 - List and install AIX software

__ 1. Access your system. If remote, we recommend an interactive ascii prompt via telnet,

but CDE graphical session can also work.

__ 1. Log in to AIX as teamxxand su to root.

__ 2. Use SMIT to list the software on your system.

What command is SMIT executing to provide this information?___________

Examine the output and verify that bos.games and bos.dosutil are not installed

on your system.

__ 3. Now it is time to install the two software packages, bos.dosutil and bos.games:

These packages have been preloaded (but not installed) in a directory called

/usr/sys/inst.images. The procedure to install these packages from this directory

are the same as those to install software from CD or tape.

Use SMIT to install the bos.games and bos.dosutil packages. When this task has

successfully completed, return to the AIX command line.

__ 4. Verify that the bos.games fileset installed correctly and list the games which are

available.

__ 5. Use SMIT to remove the bos.dosutil fileset.

__ 6. If not doing the optional Part 2 - Working with AIX Fixes, log off the system at this

point.


30/154

Student Exercises




Part 2 - Working with AIX Fixes (Optional)

__ 7. We have already downloaded AIX 5.3 TL6 Service Pack 1 and stored the fix files in

the /usr/sys/inst.images/fixes directory. Use SMIT to run a Comparison Report

between this fix repository and what is currently installed on your system. Only

report on installed software that is at a lower level than what is in the fix repository.

Briefly examine the generated report. Can you tell what problems or new capabilities

are included in which fileset update? ________________________________

__ 8. Return to the Software Installation and Maintenance menu and choose the menu

sequence which allows you to list software that is on installation media (which could

be a directory). List the APARs that are addressed by the filesets in the

/usr/sys/inst.images/fixes directory. Briefly examine the output.

__ 9. Return to the Software Installation and Maintenance menu and follow a menusequence that presents a dialogue panel which allows you to install a fix by

specifying the related APAR number. Request to use our /usr/sys/inst.images/fixes

directory as the source of the fixes.

__ 10. There is a bug in AIX 5L V5.3 TL6 where the usrck command can (incorrectly) lockall user accounts. You do not want that to happen. In the dialogue panel, get a listing

of APARs which are available to be installed. Find the APAR which was just

described. Select and install that fix. Examine the output to verify that the fix was

installed. What filesets have been installed?______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

__ 11. View the history of the installed filesets using the lslpp command.

__ 12. Log off from the system.

End of exercise


31/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 5. AIX 6.1 installation and configuration 5-1

4.1

Xempty Exercise 5. AIX 6.1 installation and configuration


In this exercise, you have the opportunity to migrate your AIX OS

image from AIX V5.3 to AIX 6.1, and work with the ConfigurationAssistant. The Configuration Assistant is an application that can be

used to configure the initial system settings.



Install an Operation System by migrating to AIX 6.1

Use the Configuration Assistant

Introduction

The Hardware Management Console (HMC) and Configuration

Assistant are graphics-based applications that assist the system

administrator with various tasks. These applications are used to

perform the installation of the operating system and system

configuration respectively.


32/154

Student Exercises





Preface





classroom.

The objective for the first part of this lab is to install an IBM AIX 6.1 mksysb image. The

instructions to accomplish this using an eLab environment and a stand-alone system is

listed. Ask your instructor to confirm that the /spot and lppsource (bos) have been

allocated for your system before starting.

__ 1. Log in to your assigned system.

__ 2. Before you start the migration/install, you need to identify the boot disk and the

adapter which has a configured interface. Use thebootlist -o command toidentify the boot disk. Use the netstat -in and the lsfg commands to obtain thelocation of the configured interfaces adapter. If the configured interface is en4, then

the related adapter is ent4 (the number in both names will always match). You only

need the last two positions of the location code (either C#-T# or P#-T#)). You cover

location codes in more detail in the Device unit later in the course.

boot disk: __________________________________________________

configured interface and IP address ______________________________

location code of the network adapter _____________________________

__ 3. If you do not already have a working HMC window, access your systems HMC by

starting a Web browser and using the HMCs IP address as the URL. If you do not

have this IP address, ask your instructor.

If you are not using a HMC, log on to your stand-alone system and skip to Step 3.

__ 4. If you are not already logged into the HMC, start the Hardware Management

Console application by clicking the Launch link. Log into your system HMC as

hscroot. and password abc1234.

__ 5. Locate your machine and the logical partition which your are assigned.

__ 6. Shutdown your assigned lpar, This can be performed using the HMC (Operating

System options only) or by using the shutdown command at an interactive rootuser prompt.

__ 7. If you currently have a virtual terminal open, close that window.

__ 8. Boot your system in SMS mode. Open a console session if you are using a lpar

system and HMC configuration.


33/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 5. AIX 6.1 installation and configuration 5-3

4.1

Xempty __ 9. Configure your system Remote IPL parameters. You need the correct subnet mask,

plus the IP addresses of the NIM server and the gateway. These must be configured

to boot off the network adapter. The instructor provides you with the NIM and

gateway addresses.

NIM server IP address: _______________________________________

Gateway IP address: _________________________________________

__ 10. Assign your network adapter as the first and only boot device. Be sure the location

of the adapter matches what you recorded earlier.

__ 11. Your system should be downloading an AIX network boot image at this time. The

download and execution of the network boot image takes 2 to 3 minutes. When

done, you see a prompt; select the terminal console and the English during

installation.

__ 12. On the Main Installation and Maintenance menu, select Change/Show Setting and

Install.

__ 13. Verify that the Method of Installation is set to Migration and the Disk to Install is

the one you previously identified as the boot disk (probably hdisk0). When verified,

enter 0 to start the installation.

__ 14. You may get prompted once or twice for other verifications. For example, it may give

you the option of listing filesets and configuration files that are replaced. You may

choose to examine these; the lists are not very large. Eventually respond with a 0 to

continue with the migration.

When you see the Installing Base Operation System, you can take a break (though

the instructor may wish to use this time to discuss another topic).

This takes 30 to 40 minutes.

__ 15. Once the install is complete, the system automatically reboots. Once the reboot is

completed, there will be a login prompt on the system console. At that point,

continue to the next step.

__ 16. Log in as root user and start the Configuration Assistant.

__ 17. Ensure the date and time are set correctly.

__ 18. Familiarize yourself with some of the other options. When youve finished, exit from

Configuration Assistant and select the option to Finish now, and do not restart

Configuration Assistant when restarting AIX.


34/154

Student Exercises




End of exercise


35/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 6. Web-based System Manager 6-1

4.1

Xempty Exercise 6. Web-based System Manager


This exercise provides an opportunity to use the Web-based System

Manager. If your classroom is networked, there is an optional part toallow you to configure your server for Web-based System Manager

client access.


At the end of the lab, you should be able to:

Use the Web-based System Manager

Configure the Web-based System Manager for client machine

access Use the Web-based System Manager from the client machine

using the WebSM client application

Introduction


Web-based System Manager in AIX. If you are sharing the machine,

only one person should perform each step. You must work from a

graphical interface for this exercise.

If your classroom is networked, you can configure and test the

Web-based System Manager for client machine access. The client

machine can be another AIX system or a PC. In both cases, the client

platform must have a browser that is Java-enabled.


36/154

Student Exercises





Preface





classroom.

If there are multiple interfaces on your system, your instructor should identify which

interface to use for this exercise. If you are in an environment where the AIX system is

accessed remotely, be sure to not deconfigure the interface used for that purpose.

Part 1: Use the Web-based System Manager

__ 1. For this exercise you need a graphic interface to your system.

If you are using a partitioned system, then you need to use a remote graphics utility

such as VNC or an Xwindows Server utility to access your system. You should be

presented with a CDE login prompt.

If you are using a local non-partitioned system you need to use the attached graphic

console.

__ 1. Log in as root.

__ 2. If you logged using a locally attached graphic console on a non-partitioned system,then make sure you are in the AIX windows or CDE environment.

__ 3. If you are in a CDE environment and there is no terminal emulation window, open

the Personal Application subpanel (arrow over the pencil and paper icon) and click

on the Terminal icon.

Access the Web-based System Manager.

__ 4. View system processes by both details and tree details. Viewing processes by tree

detail provides a pictorial view of the parent/child relationship of the processes.

Return to the view of the task icons for Processes when you have completed this

task.

__ 5. View the Web-based System Manager window that displays the current system date

and time.


37/154

Student Exercises




4.1

Xempty __ 6. Close the Web-based System Manager Launch Pad window and log out of the

system.

Part 2 (Optional): Configure the Web-based System Managerfor AIX client access

Preface

For the optional sections, you need to have a functioning network environment in lab

room. The lab teams need to pair up and work together. Each team pair select which

machine is remotely managed (Web-based System Manager server) and which

machines are the remote system administrator platform (Web-based System Manager

client).

There is no need for additional configuration to use the Web-based System Manager to

manage an AIX platform from an AIX client with the Web-based System Manager

installed. Client-server mode does not require that the server run a Web server; the

connection is made directly between the two Web-based System Manager applications.

__ 7. Log into the WebSM Client system as root and using the correct root password.

__ 8. On the WebSM Client system, make sure you are in the AIX windows or CDE

environment. If you are in a CDE environment and there is no terminal emulation

window, open the Personal Application subpanel (arrow over the pencil and paper

icon) and click the Terminal icon.

Access the Web-Based System Manager on the client platform, but specify the IP

address or hostname of the Web-based System Manager server machine.

__ 9. Do a couple things to validate that the interface is working correctly and then close

down the application.

__ 10. At the Web-based System Manager server system, disable client-server (and

remote client) access. This way you can use the Web-based System Manager

locally on a platform but not allow remote client-server access.

__ 11. At the client platform, again start the Web-based System Manager specifying the IP

address or hostname of the Web-based System Manager server machine. Did it

work? _____


38/154

Student Exercises




__ 12. At the Web-based System Manager server platform, re-enable client-server (and

remote client) access.


39/154

Student Exercises




4.1

Xempty Part 3 (Optional): Configure the Web-based System Managerfor remote client access

Preface

In order to do this optional exercise, you must have a qualified PC running a supported

version of Windows or Linux, a supported desktop environment, and a Java-capable

Web browser. The PC must have network connectivity to the AIX server platform.

When using a PC platform as the Web-based System Manager Remote Client, you

must first install the Web-based System Manager remote client application on that

platform. This is done using the Web server on the Web-based System Manager Server

platform.

One a PC has the WebSM Client, it can access any AIX system which has wsmserver

enabled (as in the previous exercise part). The AIX WebSM servers do not need the

following configuration completed, only the server that provides for Web browser-based

download of the WebSM client package.

The alternative to using a Web browser interface is to ftp download the install shield

executable file to the PC. The path to that file is:

/usr/websm/pc_client/setup.exe

__ 13. While a Web page server is not needed to use the Web-based System Manager

function, it is used to download the Web-based System Manager client to an remote

Linux or Windows platforms you might wish to work from. The HTTP Server Web

Server software (IHS2), which is delivered on the AIX 5L V5.3 Expansion Pack CD,

should already be pre-installed on your system.

Verify that it has been installed.

__ 14. You need a graphic interface to configure the Web server support for providing the

WebSM PC client. In your graphic environment start a terminal emulation window

and execute configassist in the background.

Configure the Web server support for Web-based System Manager using the

following values.

The root document directory is: /usr/HTTPServer/htdocs

The root CGI directory is: /usr/HTTPServer/cgi-bin

The HTTPServer start command is: /usr/HTTPServer/bin/apachectl restart

__ 15. On the client PC, start the Web browser and enter a URL of:

http:///remote_client.html


40/154

Student Exercises




__ 16. Click the InstallShield hyperlink on the new Web page. (The Java Web Start

method requires additional security software to be installed on both client and server

platforms).

__ 17. Identify the client as either a Linux or Windows platform on the resulting Web page.

__ 18. On the File Download pop-up, click the Save to Disk button. In the Save In: field,

navigate to store it on the desktop and again click the Save button. In the

Download complete pop-up, click the Open button. This runs the Install Shield

wizard. (There will be a command prompt window launch to executejava.exe just

before the Installer window appears; do not do anything with the command prompt

window.)

On the Installer window, click the Next button.

Use the default install Directory name and click the Next button. Note the location and size of the install and click the Next button.

After the install is complete, click the Finish button.

__ 19. You should now see an icon on your desktop labeled: Web Based System

Manager Application.

Open this new icon.

In the Log On window, enter the Web-based System Manager server hostname

or IP address and click the Log On button.

After the handshake procedure is completed, enter root and the root password

and again click the Log On button.

__ 20. Once the Web System Manager window appears and has all the icons filled in, try a

few operations to prove it is operational and then exit the application.

End of exercise


41/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 7. Devices 7-1

4.1

Xempty Exercise 7. Devices


This exercise familiarizes the students with listing device configuration

information on the system and configuring a defined device.


At the end of the lab, you should be able to:

List device configuration on a system using SMIT or the

appropriate command

List and change system parameters

Configure a defined SCSI device

Introduction

This exercise is designed for you to become familiar with the methods

you can use to discover what devices are on your system and how

they are configured. It deals exclusively with adapters and SCSI types

of devices. Future optional exercises will deal with terminals and

printers.

Part 5 - Configuring a defined device, can only be done if you have an

externally attached tape drive or CD-ROM. Most lab facilities do not

have this.


42/154

Student Exercises





Preface





classroom. If your lab environment uses remote System p/AIX platforms, the instructor

will provide you with the addressing (IP address or hostname) and instructions for

accessing the remote machine. For example, you might be using telnet, an X-windows

server, or a VNC client. Whatever tool you are using, at various points in the labs you

may need to re-launch your remote access tool to obtain a new login prompt.

Part 1 - List device configuration

__ 1. Log in as a regular user and obtain a command prompt. If using a graphical interface

(ex. CDE), then start a terminal emulation window.

__ 2. su to the root user. If more than one person is using the same system you need towork as a team.

__ 3. List all the supported devices on the system.

__ 4. List the configured devices on the system. Are your SCSI devices available?

____________________________________________________________

__ 5. List information about the memory you have on the system. Record the amount of

memory you have.

__ 6. List the disks on your system. Record how many you have.


43/154

Student Exercises




4.1

Xempty Part 2 - List and change system parameters

__ 7. The kernel is represented by a special logical device, sys0. This can be

manipulated by commands or through SMIT.

List the attributes of the kernel. The only kernel attributes that can be changed are

those that are marked with True in the last column of output.

Which attributes cannot be changed? ________________________________

_________________________________________________________

__ 8. Which attribute in the previous listing describes the number of processes a user can

run? _______________________________________

__ 9. By default, the system is configured so that each user can run no more than 128

processes at once. Change this value to 150 processes per user. The new value

takes effect immediately.


44/154

Student Exercises




Part 3 - Removing and redefining a network adapter device

Your machine must have an extra network adapter for which the corresponding

interface is not configured. Otherwise, skip to Part 5 - Changing the status of a disk

drive device.

__ 10. Identify the network interfaces that are configured (for example, available) on your

system by listing the if class of devices. Look for the names of the Standard EthernetNetwork Interfaces. Which of these interfaces are available and which ones are

defined?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

__ 11. For the interfaces which are only defined, select one and list the adapter which the

interface is using. For example, if the interface is en4, then the corresponding

network adapter device name is ent4 (the numbers always match). What is thestatus of the adapter?

_______________________________________________________________

__ 12. Put the Ethernet adapter device into a Defined state. Be careful to specify the

correct adapter and not the one with a configured interface. Display the adapter and

verify its status.

__ 13. Remove the Ethernet adapter from the customized database.

__ 14. Rediscover and configure the Ethernet adapter. Check its status.


45/154

Student Exercises




4.1

Xempty Part 4 - Changing the status of a disk drive device

Your machine must have a an extra disk drive to continue with this section. Otherwise,

you are done with this exercise.

__ 15. Determine the logical names of your disk drives and the volume group they (if any)

that they are assigned to by using the lspv command. (We will be covering PVs and

VGs later in the course).

Which disks have a volume group of rootvg? ____________________________

Which disks have a volume group of none? _____________________________

__ 16. Generate a device listing for the disk devices. Select one disk which was not in a

volume group and record the location of that disk. If it is SCSI attached, what is the

SCSI ID of the disk.

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

__ 17. Using the disk selected above, put that disk device into a Defined state.

__ 18. Remove the disk device from the customized database.

__ 19. Rediscover and configure that same disk for use. Does the device that appears

have the same location? _________________________________________

____________________________________________________________


46/154

Student Exercises




Part 5 - Configure a tape device (optional)

If you have an externally attached tape drive, continue with this section. Otherwise, skip

to Part 4 - Configure a CD-ROM device.

__ 20. Issue the shutdown command to bring your system down. If you have more than oneuser on your system, coordinate this task with the other users.

__ 21. Turn off the tape drive. Reboot the system.

__ 22. Log in and su to root. Check the status of the tape drive.

Is it in a state where it can be used? ____

Why? _______________________________

Record the name of the tape drive.

__ 23. Put the tape drive into the available state so it can be used. Use the name for the

tape drive that you recorded in the previous instruction.

End of exercise


47/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 8. LVM commands 8-1

4.1

Xempty Exercise 8. LVM commands


This exercise gives you a chance to look at the file system

configuration on your machine and introduce you to some LVMcommands.



Display information about your file systems

List the LVM information on your system


48/154

Student Exercises





Preface





classroom.

__ 1. Log in as team01 and su to root.

__ 2. View the contents of /etc/filesystems and list the file systems on your machine.

__ 3. Execute the command: lsfs.

What does it show? _____________________________________________

__ 4. Execute the command: lsvg.

What does it show? _____________________________________________

__ 5. Execute the command: lspv.

What does it show? _____________________________________________

__ 6. Execute the command: lsvg -l rootvg.

What does it show?

End of exercise


49/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 9. Working with LVM 9-1

4.1

Xempty Exercise 9. Working with LVM


The purpose of this exercise is to give students the opportunity to work

with the facility that manages physical and logical data storage, theLogical Volume Manager (LVM). The Systems Management Interface

Tool (SMIT) is used extensively throughout this exercise.



Add and remove a disk from a volume group

Create and remove a volume group

List the characteristics of the system's volume groups, physical

volumes, and logical volumes

Add a logical volume

Extend a logical volume

Introduction

In this exercise you work extensively with SMIT to work with the

Logical Volume Manager. First, you investigate existing volumegroups, physical volumes and logical volumes. Once you are

comfortable with the layout of your storage, you have the opportunity

to add a physical volume to a volume group and then create a logical

volume. Finally, you make some changes to the logical volume

characteristics. In many cases, both the SMIT screens and the

command are provided in the Exercise Instruction With Hints

section. All tasks shown can also be done using the graphical version

of SMIT.


50/154

Student Exercises





Preface





classroom.

Part 1 - Adding and removing a disk from a volume group

__ 1. Log in as teamxx and switch to the root user account.

__ 2. Ensure you have a hard disk available to create a new volume group.

What is the name of the disk that is currently available? _______________

__ 3. From the disk information that you determined in the step above, add a free disk into

rootvg.

Note

You need to substitute your free disk name when hdiskn is referenced.

__ 4. Check to see if the disk is now associated with rootvg.

__ 5. Take the same disk that you added to rootvg, out of rootvg. Make sure you remove

the correct disk.

__ 6. Verify that the disk is no longer associated with rootvg.


51/154

Student Exercises




4.1

Xempty Part 2 - Creating and removing a volume group

__ 7. Using the free disk, create a new volume group called newvg.

__ 8. Verify that the new volume group was created. What are the maximum number of physical volumes that can be added to this

volume group? _________________________________________________

__ 9. Convert newvg into a big volume group.

__ 10. What is the maximum number of physical volumes that can be added to the

converted newvg? _________________________________________________

__ 11. Convert newvg into a scalable volume group. In order to make this change the

volume group must first be varied offline. Vary it back online when the conversion is

completed.

__ 12. What is the maximum number of physical volumes that can be added to the scalable

format newvg? _________________________________________________

__ 13. Remove the newvg volume group.

__ 14. Verify that hdiskn is not associated with any volume group. If it is not, repeat the

steps above. You need to have this disk free for a later exercise.


52/154

Student Exercises




Part 3 - Exploring your storage environment

__ 15. Log in as teamxx and su to root, if not already.

__ 16. List all of the system's volume groups. If you use SMIT, before pressing Enter for theoutput, try using the F6 key to see the command that is being built.

__ 17. List the contents of the rootvg volume group. If you are using SMIT, for List

OPTION use status.

Find the information that is necessary to answer the following questions about your

environment:

a) How many physical volumes are there? ______________________________

b) How many logical volumes are there? _______________________________

c) How many total physical partitions are there for this volume group?_________

d) How many of those physical partitions are free? ________________________

e) How large are the physical partitions? _______________________________

f) What is the Logical Track Group size? _______________________________

g) What is the maximum number of PPs per physical volume? _______________

__ 18. List the contents of the rootvg volume group once again this time selecting

physical volumes for the List OPTION. Note: the free distribution of physical

partitions is shown relative to the position on disk. These positions represent outer

edge, outer middle, center, inner middle, inner edge. Make a note of the free

partitions and their position on disk. ______ ______ ______ ______ ______

__ 19. List all of the physical volumes on the system.

__ 20. List the contents of any physical volume on your system. If you are using SMIT, for

List OPTION use status.


environment:

a) To which volume group does the physical volume belong? _______________

b) What is the physical partition size? _________________________________


53/154

Student Exercises




4.1

Xempty c) How many total physical partitions are there? __________________________

d) How many of those physical partitions are used? _______________________

e) What is the maximum transfer size? _________________________________

Try other options for listing information about the physical volume you select.

__ 21. List all of the logical volumes in the rootvg volume group.

__ 22. Show the characteristics for the logical volume hd4. If you are using SMIT, for List

OPTION use status.


environment:

a) To which volume group does it belong? ______________________________

b) How many copies? ______________________________________________c) How many physical partitions is it? __________________________________

d) How large is the logical volume in megabytes? _________________________


54/154

Student Exercises




Part 4 - Adding a volume group

The completion of this section depends on having an available disk drive in your system

that is not assigned to a volume group. Check for a disk drive that has not been assigned to

a volume group (you can use the lspv command).

If all disk drives are assigned, continue with the next section Adding a logical

volume.

Important

Only one user per AIX system may complete this section. Please consult your

teammates before continuing.

__ 23. Only one physical volume has been defined to be a member of the rootvg volume

group. Using an available physical volume located on your system, create a new

volume group called datavg. Verify that the new volume group was successfully

created.

Part 5 - Adding a logical volume

__ 24. Add a logical volume, which is one partition in size, to the datavg. (Note: If you only

have one disk on your system, create the logical volume in rootvg.) Allocate the

partitions on the outer edge of the disk. Allow the system to default the logical

volume name and note the system generated name.__________________________________

__ 25. Rename the logical volume created above to yylv (where yy represents the initials

of your first and last name) instead of the system generated one, and verify that it

has been renamed.

__ 26. Extend the yylv logical volume by one partition and specify that the added partition

be allocated on the outer edge of the disk. This logical volume is used in the nextexercise.

End of exercise


55/154

Student Exercises



Copyright IBM Corp. 1997, 2008 Exercise 10. Working with file systems 10-1

4.1

Xempty Exercise 10. Working with file systems


In this exercise the students are given the opportunity to work with file

systems.



Add and remove an AIX file system

Create an AIX file system specifying the number of bytes per inode

Create an enhanced JFS (JFS2) file system and illustrate the

AIX 6.1 file system shrink capability

Mount and unmount a file system

Extend a file system

Add and remove mirrors

Introduction

In this exercise, you are using SMIT extensively to work with file

systems. You add a file system to the logical volume you created in the

previous exercise and then mount it so users can access the storagespace. You copy files into this file system and then experiment with

unmounting and mounting the file system once again but in different

locations. You also get an opportunity to remove a file system and

create a file system. The last portion of the exercise provides exposure

to creating a mirrored file system and then changing some

characteristics of the mirrored file system.


56/154

Student Exercises





Preface




All exercises of this chapter depend on th

Artle Hre System Ver Wal Tung 2010

Documents

Transcript of Artle Hre System Ver Wal Tung 2010