Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence TodayToday

Kevin SmithKevin Smith

Temple UniversityTemple University

CIS 55 Section 402CIS 55 Section 402

OutlineOutline

Brief History of Artificial IntelligenceBrief History of Artificial Intelligence

Definition of Artificial intelligence (AI).Definition of Artificial intelligence (AI).

Branches of AIBranches of AI

Applications of AIApplications of AI

Sites for Current ResearchSites for Current Research

Overall ConclusionOverall Conclusion

Future Computer Brain

History of Artificial IntellegenceHistory of Artificial Intellegence

1956 John McCarthy coined the term “Artificial 1956 John McCarthy coined the term “Artificial Intelligence“Intelligence“

1960 Demonstration of the first running AI program, the 1960 Demonstration of the first running AI program, the Logic Theorist (LT) written by Allen Newell, J.C. Shaw Logic Theorist (LT) written by Allen Newell, J.C. Shaw and Herbert Simon (Carnegie Institute of Technology, and Herbert Simon (Carnegie Institute of Technology, now Carnegie Mellon University).now Carnegie Mellon University).

1990’s Major advances in all areas of AI1990’s Major advances in all areas of AI

2000 Interactive robot pets (a.k.a. "smart toys") became 2000 Interactive robot pets (a.k.a. "smart toys") became commercially available, realizing the vision of the 18th commercially available, realizing the vision of the 18th century novelty toy makers.century novelty toy makers.

Definitions for Artificial IntelligenceDefinitions for Artificial Intelligence

Development of intelligent machinesDevelopment of intelligent machines–   A branch of computer science devoted to A branch of computer science devoted to

the development of computer programs that the development of computer programs that will allow machines to perform functions will allow machines to perform functions normally requiring human intelligencenormally requiring human intelligence

Computer intelligenceComputer intelligence– The ability of computers to perform functions The ability of computers to perform functions

that normally require human intelligence that normally require human intelligence

Branches of Artificial IntelligenceBranches of Artificial Intelligence

Logical AILogical AI

SearchSearch

Pattern RecognitionPattern Recognition

RepresentationRepresentation

InferenceInference

Common sense Common sense knowledge and knowledge and reasoningreasoning

Learning from Learning from experienceexperience

PlanningPlanning

EpistemologyEpistemology

OntologyOntology

HeuristicsHeuristics

Genetic Genetic programmingprogramming

Application of Artificial IntelligenceApplication of Artificial Intelligence

Game PlayingGame Playing – ex. Looking at a vast ex. Looking at a vast

number of possibilities number of possibilities in chess.in chess.

Speech RecognitionSpeech Recognition

Understanding Understanding natural languagenatural language

Computer visionComputer vision

Expert systemsExpert systems

Heuristic Heuristic classificationclassification

For more InformationFor more Information

American Association for Artificial American Association for Artificial IntelligenceIntelligence (AAAI) (AAAI)

A nonprofit scientific society devoted to advancing A nonprofit scientific society devoted to advancing the scientific understanding of the mechanisms the scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behavior and their underlying thought and intelligent behavior and their embodiment in machines. embodiment in machines.

MIT Computer Science and Artificial MIT Computer Science and Artificial IntelligenceIntelligence Laboratory Laboratory

Current Research

ConclusionConclusion

Since the term Artificial Intelligence was first used by a Since the term Artificial Intelligence was first used by a John McCarthy (1956). There are been huge advances John McCarthy (1956). There are been huge advances in Artificial Intelligence. In today’s society AI has in Artificial Intelligence. In today’s society AI has infiltrated even the simplest facets of our livesinfiltrated even the simplest facets of our lives such as :such as :

– Having artificial customer service representatives help us Having artificial customer service representatives help us check our cellular minutes.check our cellular minutes.

– Troubleshooting with computer programs or help with online Troubleshooting with computer programs or help with online shopping wizards.shopping wizards.

I believe that in the future will we rely more heavily on the I believe that in the future will we rely more heavily on the use of Artificial Intelligence to aide us in our everyday use of Artificial Intelligence to aide us in our everyday lives more so than now. Going towards an almost lives more so than now. Going towards an almost symbiotic relationship with man and the ghost in the symbiotic relationship with man and the ghost in the machine.machine.

Works CitedWorks Cited““Artificial Intelligence” Encarta Encyclopedia. 2005 ed.Artificial Intelligence” Encarta Encyclopedia. 2005 ed.

Buchman, Bruce G. “Brief History of AI” Buchman, Bruce G. “Brief History of AI” Introductory to AI Classes.Introductory to AI Classes. August August 2002. University of Pittsburgh. March 25, 20042002. University of Pittsburgh. March 25, 2004< < http://www.aaai.org>http://www.aaai.org>

Famili, Fazel, Nau, and Kim. “Famili, Fazel, Nau, and Kim. “Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data MiningMining .” .” Artificial Intelligence Applications in ManufacturingArtificial Intelligence Applications in Manufacturing 1.3 (2004) 1.3 (2004) 469pg. March 21, 2005 <http://www.aaai.org>469pg. March 21, 2005 <http://www.aaai.org>

John McCarthy. “What is Artificial Intelligence.” John McCarthy. “What is Artificial Intelligence.” Computer Science Department.Computer Science Department. November 24, 2004. Stanford University. March 20, 2005 <www-November 24, 2004. Stanford University. March 20, 2005 <www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/whatisai/whatisai.html>formal.stanford.edu/jmc/whatisai/whatisai.html>

Shelly, Gary B, Cashman, and Vermaat. Shelly, Gary B, Cashman, and Vermaat. Discovering Computers 2005, Discovering Computers 2005, Introductory EditionIntroductory Edition. Various: 2005, Course Technology . Various: 2005, Course Technology