Artificial Intelligence(AI)

By K.ArunkumarAIT-07-002

Intelligence:

“Intelligence is the name we give to the data processing activity of entities which respond to information with behaviour which appears to be intended to be optional with respect to pre-set goals”.

The Ability to:▪ Learn and adapt from experience.▪ Use knowledge to make decisions.▪ Problem solve.▪ Show Creativity▪ Handle and manipulate language

AI:

“Artificial intelligence is concerned with building machines that can act and react appropriately, adapting their response to the demands of situation.”

History:

Earlier developments(1940-65) In the beginning the focus of AI research was on

modelling the human brain. Research shifted to using games like noughts and

crosses, chess etc to create “AI” systems These games were effective as they had limited problem

domains. The games also had a number of rules that were easy to define.

Then the focus shifted to language processing.......

Language Processing (1965-1975)

ELIZA (1966) 1st language processing program Responded to users inputs by asking questions based

on previous responses. PARRY (1972)

Parry modelled a conversation with a paranoid person This seems odd but the program was created by a

psychiatrist SHRDLU (1970)

The program could interpret verbal commands to move coloured blocks.

"Move the red block behind the green one“ It could understand and carry out the instruction.

Chatter bots??

Problems of AI:

1.Deduction, reasoning, problem solving

2.knowledge representation 3. Planning 4. Natural language processing

eligible

>18<18

no yes

Motion and manipulation. Perception. Social intelligence. Creativity. General intelligence.

Tools of AI:

Search and optimization:Many problems in AI can be solved in theory by

intelligently searching through many possible solutions: Reasoning can be reduced to performing a search. 

Logic

Neural networks

Specialized languages

• IPL• Lisp• Prolog• STRIPS • Planner 

Evaluating artificial intelligence:

Test for identifying intelligence -Turing test

Requirements :

Faster processors More memory Increased backing storage capacity multiple processors

Applications of artificial intelligence

 medical diagnosis stock trading  robot control law scientific discovery Smart Embedded Technology video games and toys.

Disadvantage:

I Hate HUMANS !!

Thank you