Artificial Ear Dilemma - ITU · Artificial Ear Dilemma Historical IEC 60318 IEC 60711 Anatomical...
Transcript of Artificial Ear Dilemma - ITU · Artificial Ear Dilemma Historical IEC 60318 IEC 60711 Anatomical...
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Artificial Ear Dilemma
Historical
IEC 60318
IEC 60711
Anatomical variations
Combined coupler and pinna
Closed-coupler testing
Free-field testing
Zwislocki to IEC correction
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Historical
French Artificial Ear made by CNET
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Historical
Swiss Artificial Ear made by the Swiss P.T.T.
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
NBS 9-A Earphone Coupler
Historical
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
The IEC 60318-1 ear. The impedance and lumped parameter electrical network is shown in the IEC 60318-1 standard.
IEC 60318
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
IEC 60318
Frequency response obtained by a ½”condenser microphone receiver and transmitter mounted concentrically at the top and bottom of the variously shaped coupler volumes. Valid for the range 500-20000 Hz. All coupler dimensions are given in millimeters. Vertical scale 2dB per line, 50dB full scale.
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
IEC 60318
Detailed measurements to determine the optimum dimensions for the best possible linearity over the widest frequency range. 10dB full scale. 0.4 dB per line.
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
IEC 60711
G.R.A.S. RA0045 occluded ear simulator as used in KEMAR
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Ear moulds from same person. Right and left ears. The width at the most narrow passage is 6mm for the left ear and 9.6mm for the right ear.
Anatomical variations
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Combined coupler and pinna
Type 43AG Ear and Cheek Simulator with IEC 60711 Coupler
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Closed-coupler testing
Telephone Test Head Type 45AA showing:
Left; fitted with a G.R.A.S. Mouth Simulator & IEC 60318 Ear Simulator Type 43AD.
Right; computer rendering outlining its chief components
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Speaking positions according to current recommendations
Closed-coupler testing
Speaking Position Recommendation
LRGP ITU-T Rec. P76
AEN ITU-T Rec. P76
HATS ITU-T P58
REF OREM A
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Closed-coupler testing
Showing where the Lip-ring of the Mouth Simulator (Type 44AA or 44AB) should be for both AEN and REF positions. The angular distances of 39° and 13° (in that order) will move the handset from the AEN position to the LRGP
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Free-field testing
KEMAR with positioning device
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Free-field testing
KEMAR with reference microphone for linearization
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Free-field testing
Auricle Measures used in KEMAR
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Free-field testing
Mean values of frequencies of pressure maxima and minima at the open ear canal entrance for 12 male and female subjects; sound incidence from 90; loudspeaker source at 1m.
Equivalent lengths based on c=354 m/sfor l1 and l3, c=349.5 for L1 and L3.
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Free-field testing
Ear canal entrance sound pressure, 12 females (above), 12 males (below), sound source at 90º azimuth angle, 1m.Free field is the reference pressure condition
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Free-field testing
KEMAR Ear drum sound pressure for a free sound field with source azimuth angles of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°.
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G.R.A.S. Sound &Vibration A/S
Zwislocki to IEC correction
15 IEC Modulus values of the acoustic transfer impedance function from IEC 711-1982 relative to the ANSI modulus values of the acoustic transfer impedance function.