ARTICLE II: THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH The United States Government.
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Transcript of ARTICLE II: THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH The United States Government.
ARTICLE I I : THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH
The United States Government
The Executive Branch
By the end of today’s lesson you will understand:
1.How the Executive Branch is organized.2. How the President of the United States is
elected.3. The Roles and Responsibilities of the
President and Vice President.4. How the powers of the President prevent
the other branches from abusing their powers.
Held every 4 years.
Occur on the first Tuesday of November (following the first Monday)
The President is the only official elected by the entire nation.
Electoral College
There are 538 total electors.Based on:
1. Number of Representatives in the House, 2. Number of Senators, 3. And the three electors from Washington D.C.
Example: in Washington State has 10 Reps and 2 Senators, so the state gets 12 electoral votes.
Electors are chosen by the winners.If no candidate receives 270 or more votes the
House of Representatives chooses a winner.
Electoral Votes by State
Is the Electoral College fair?
Is it fair that California has 55 electoral votes and Wyoming and the Dakotas only have 3 each?
Is it fair that a candidate can be elected President of the United States by winning as few as 11 states?
What are some alternatives to the Electoral College?
Proposed alternatives to the current system: 1. Popular Vote 2. Proportional Plan 3. District Plan
Who can run for President?
Article 2, Section 1 of the ConstitutionAnyone who:
1. Is at least 35 years old, or older. 2. Was born a U.S. citizen. 3. Has lived in the United States for at least 14 years.
The Roles of the U.S. President
What the President does for us
The Roles of the U.S. President
What the President does for us 1. Commander in Chief
Leader of the United States Armed Forces
The Roles of the U.S. President
What the President does for us 1. Commander in Chief 2. Chief of State
Symbol of the United States Government
The Roles of the U.S. President
What the President does for us 1. Commander in Chief 2. Chief of State 3. Chief Executive
Ensures that laws are “faithfully” enforced
The Roles of the U.S. President
What the President does for us 1. Commander in Chief 2. Chief of State 3. Chief Executive 4. Chief Legislator
Introduce or urge, as well as sign legislation (laws)
The Roles of the U.S. President
What the President does for us 1. Commander in Chief 2. Chief of State 3. Chief Executive 4. Chief Legislator 5. Chief Diplomat
Shapes Foreign Policy
The Roles of the U.S. President
What the President does for us 1. Commander in Chief 2. Chief of State 3. Chief Executive 4. Chief Legislator 5. Chief Diplomat 6. Chief Administrator
Head of the Federal Government
The Roles of the U.S. President
What the President does for us 1. Commander in Chief 2. Chief of State 3. Chief Executive 4. Chief Legislator 5. Chief Diplomat 6. Chief Administrator 7. Chief Citizen
Represents the American People and their Interest
The Roles of the U.S. President
What the President does for us 1. Commander in Chief 2. Chief of State 3. Chief Executive 4. Chief Legislator 5. Chief Diplomat 6. Chief Administrator 7. Chief Citizen 8. Chief of Party
Head of their political party
22nd and 25th Amendments
22nd Amendment: The President can only serve 2 terms.
25th Amendment: Establishes a line of succession. 1. Vice President 2. Speaker of the House of Representatives 3. President Pro Tempore of the Senate 4. Secretary of State 5. Rest of the Cabinet (in the order the departments
were formed)
Vice President
Next in line for the presidencyPresident of the Senate (casts tie breaking
vote)
What are the Presidents powers?
The presidents powers can be divided into 5 categories: 1. Executive powers 2. Legislative powers 3. Judicial powers 4. Diplomatic powers 5. Military powers
Executive PowersWhat is an “executive”?
What is an “executive”?Administration and Enforcement of lawsExecutive ordersAppointments
1. Judges (Federal and Supreme) 2. Ambassadors 3. Cabinet members 4. Heads of agencies. Try and name a few…
Removals (NOT judges!)
Legislative Powers
Even though the President is the head of the Executive Branch of government he can: 1. Recommend legislation to Congress 2. Sign bills passed by Congress 3. Veto bills passed by Congress 4. Call for special sessions of Congress
Judicial Powers
Aside from appointing federal judges, the President can also:
Grant a reprieveGrant a pardonGrant commutationsGrant Amnesty
Military Powers
As the Commander in Chief the President is the leader of the United State’s military.
Only Congress can Declare warKorean and Vietnam conflictsWar Powers Resolution of 1973:
Passed when Congress overrode President Nixon’s Veto.
Gave the President the ability to use troops in anyway without Congressional approval for 60 days.
After 60 days Congress has the power to force the President to cease military action.
Diplomatic Powers
Signing TreatiesRecognitionForeign Policy
What is a Cabinet?
Cabinet- The leaders of the executive departments that advise the president.
Members of the Cabinet are called “Secretary”Original Cabinet
1. Secretary of State 2. Secretary of Treasury 3. Secretary of War (now called Secretary of Defense) 4. Attorney General
Now the Cabinet includes the Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce, Labor, Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, Transportation, Energy, Education, Veteran’s Affairs, and Homeland Security.
Presidential Checks and Balances
Presidential Checks and Balances
What can the President do if Congress passes a law he doesn’t like?
Presidential Checks and Balances
What can the President do if Congress passes a law he doesn’t like? A: The President can veto or pocket-veto the law.
Presidential Checks and Balances
What can the President do if Congress passes a law he doesn’t like? A: The President can veto or pocket-veto the law.
What if Congress overrides the President’s veto?
Presidential Checks and Balances
What can the President do if Congress passes a law he doesn’t like? A: The President can veto or pocket-veto the law.
What if Congress overrides the President’s veto? A: The President can choose not to enforce the law.
Presidential Checks and Balances
What can the President do if Congress passes a law he doesn’t like? A: The President can veto or pocket-veto the law.
What if Congress overrides the President’s veto? A: The President can choose not to enforce the law.
What about the Supreme court? How can the President help ensure the Supreme court makes good decisions?
Presidential Checks and Balances
What can the President do if Congress passes a law he doesn’t like? A: The President can veto or pocket-veto the law.
What if Congress overrides the President’s veto? A: The President can choose not to enforce the law.
What about the Supreme court? How can the President help ensure the Supreme court makes good decisions? A: When there is a vacancy, the President has the
power to nominate candidates for the Supreme Court.