24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 1 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

Arthur Machen

Machen circa 1905

Born Arthur Llewellyn Jones3 March 1863Caerleon, Monmouthshire, Wales

Died 15 December 1947 (aged 84)Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire,England

Occupation Short story writer, novelist,journalist, actor

Genre Horror, fantasy, supernatural fiction,weird fiction

Signature

Arthur MachenFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Arthur Machen (/ˈmækən/; 3 March 1863 – 15December 1947) was a Welsh author and mystic of the1890s and early 20th century. He is best known for hisinfluential supernatural, fantasy, and horror fiction. Hisnovella The Great God Pan (1890; 1894) has garnered areputation as a classic of horror (Stephen King has calledit "Maybe the best [horror story] in the Englishlanguage"[1]). He is also well known for his leading rolein creating the legend of the Angels of Mons.

Contents1 Biography

1.1 Early years1.2 Literary decadence in the 1890s1.3 Tragedy and acting: 1899–19101.4 Journalism and the Great War: 1910–19211.5 The Machen boom of the 1920s1.6 Final years: 1926–1947

2 Philosophy and religion3 Legacy and influence

3.1 Genre fiction3.2 Wider literary influence3.3 Other fields3.4 Literary societies

4 Selected works5 References6 Further reading7 External links

Biography

Early years

Machen was born Arthur Llewelyn Jones in Caerleon, Monmouthshire, though he usually referred to thecounty by its Welsh name, Gwent. The house of his birth, opposite the Olde Bull Inn in The Square atCaerleon, is adjacent to the Priory Hotel and is today marked with a commemorative blue plaque. Thebeautiful landscape of Monmouthshire, with its associations of Celtic, Roman, and medieval history, made apowerful impression on him, and his love of it is at the heart of many of his works.

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 2 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

Arthur Machen's birthplace at TheSquare, High Street, Caerleon

The Rectory, Llanddewi Fach—Machen's childhood home

Machen was descended from a long line of clergymen, the family having originated in Carmarthenshire.[2]

In 1864, when Machen was two, his father John Edward Jones, became vicar of the parish of LlanddewiFach with Llandegveth, about five miles north of Caerleon, and Machen was brought up at the rectorythere.[3] Jones had adopted his wife's maiden name, Machen, to inherit a legacy, legally becoming "Jones-Machen"; his son was baptised under that name and later used a shortened version of his full name, Arthur

Machen, as a pen name.

Local historian and folkloristFred Hando traces Machen'sinterest in the occult to avolume of Household Wordsin his father's Rectory library,in which he read, at the age ofeight, an entrancing article onalchemy. Hando recountsMachen's other early reading:

He bought DeQuincey'sConfessions ofan EnglishOpium Eater atPontypool RoadRailway Station,The ArabianNights atHerefordRailway Station,and borrowedDon Quixotefrom Mrs. Gwyn,of LlanfrechfaRectory. In hisfather's library hefound also theWaverley Novels,a three-volumeedition of theGlossary ofGothicArchitecture, andan early volumeof Tennyson.[3]

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 3 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

At the age of eleven, Machen boarded at Hereford Cathedral School, where he received an excellentclassical education. Family poverty ruled out attendance at university, and Machen was sent to London,where he sat exams to attend medical school but failed to get in. Machen, however, showed literary promise,publishing in 1881 a long poem "Eleusinia" on the subject of the Eleusinian Mysteries. Returning toLondon, he lived in relative poverty, attempting to work as a journalist, as a publisher's clerk, and as achildren's tutor while writing in the evening and going on long rambling walks across London.

In 1884 he published his second work, the pastiche The Anatomy of Tobacco, and secured work with thepublisher and bookseller George Redway as a cataloguer and magazine editor. This led to further work as atranslator from French, translating the Heptameron of Marguerite de Navarre, Le Moyen de Parvenir(Fantastic Tales) of Béroalde de Verville, and the Memoirs of Casanova. Machen's translations in a spiritedEnglish style became standard ones for many years.

In 1887, the year his father died,[2] Machen married Amelia (Amy) Hogg, an unconventional music teacherwith a passion for the theatre, who had literary friends in London's bohemian circles. Hogg had introducedMachen to the writer and occultist A. E. Waite, who was to become one of Machen's closest friends. Machenalso made the acquaintance of other literary figures, such as M. P. Shiel and Edgar Jepson. Soon after hismarriage, Machen began to receive a series of legacies from Scottish relatives that allowed him to graduallydevote more time to writing.[4]

Literary decadence in the 1890s

Around 1890 Machen began to publish in literary magazines, writing stories influenced by the works ofRobert Louis Stevenson, some of which used gothic or fantastic themes. This led to his first major success,The Great God Pan. It was published in 1894 by John Lane in the noted Keynotes Series, which was part ofthe growing aesthetic movement of the time. Machen's story was widely denounced for its sexual andhorrific content and subsequently sold well, going into a second edition.

Machen next produced The Three Impostors, a novel composed of a number of interwoven tales, in 1895.The novel and the stories within it were eventually to be regarded as among Machen's best works. However,following the scandal surrounding Oscar Wilde later that year, Machen's association with works of decadenthorror made it difficult for him to find a publisher for new works. Thus, though he would write some of hisgreatest works over the next few years, some were published much later. These included The Hill of Dreams,Hieroglyphics, A Fragment of Life, the story "The White People", and the stories which make up Ornamentsin Jade.[4][5]

Tragedy and acting: 1899–1910

In 1899, Machen's wife Amy died of cancer after a long period of illness. This had a devastating effect onMachen. He only gradually recovered from his loss over the next year, partially through his close friendshipwith A. E. Waite. It was through Waite's influence that Machen joined at this time the Hermetic Order of theGolden Dawn, though Machen's interest in the organization was not lasting or very deep.[6]

Machen's recovery was further helped by his sudden change of career, becoming an actor in 1901 and amember of Frank Benson's company of travelling players, a profession which took him round the country.

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 4 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

The House of Souls (London:Grant Richards, 1906), with coverdesigns by Sidney Sime

This led in 1903 to a second marriage, to Dorothie Purefoy Hudleston, which brought Machen muchhappiness. Machen managed to find a publisher in 1902 for his earlier written work Hieroglyphics, ananalysis of the nature of literature, which concluded that true literature must convey "ecstasy". In 1906Machen's literary career began once more to flourish as the book TheHouse of Souls collected his most notable works of the nineties andbrought them to a new audience. He also published a satirical work, DrStiggins: His Views and Principles, generally considered one of hisweakest works.

Machen also was at this time investigating Celtic Christianity, the HolyGrail and King Arthur. Publishing his views in Lord Alfred Douglas'sThe Academy, for which he wrote regularly, Machen concluded that thelegends of the Grail actually were based on dim recollections of the ritesof the Celtic Church. These ideas also featured strongly in the novel TheSecret Glory which he wrote at this time, marking the first use in fictionof the idea of the Grail's surviving into modern times in some form, anidea much utilised ever since, as by Charles Williams (War in Heaven),Dan Brown (The Da Vinci Code) and George Lucas (Indiana Jones andthe Last Crusade). In 1907, The Hill of Dreams, generally consideredMachen's masterpiece, was finally published, though it was notrecognized much at the time.[4]

The next few years saw Machen continue with acting in various companies and with journalistic work, buthe was finding it increasingly hard to earn a living and his legacies were long exhausted. Machen was alsoattending literary gatherings such as the New Bohemians and the Square Club.

Journalism and the Great War: 1910–1921

Finally Machen accepted a full-time journalist's job at Alfred Harmsworth's Evening News in 1910. InFebruary 1912 his son Hilary was born, followed by a daughter Janet in 1917. The coming of war in 1914saw Machen return to public prominence for the first time in twenty years due to the publication of "TheBowmen" and the subsequent publicity surrounding the "Angels of Mons" episode. He published a series ofstories capitalizing on this success, most of which were morale-boosting propaganda, but the most notable,"The Great Return" (1915) and the novella The Terror (1917), were more accomplished. He also published aseries of autobiographical articles during the war, later reprinted in book form as Far Off Things. During thewar years Machen also met and championed the work of a fellow Welshman, Caradoc Evans.[4]

In general, though, Machen thoroughly disliked work at the newspaper, and it was only the need to earnmoney for his family which kept him at it. The money came in useful, allowing him to move in 1919 to abigger house with a garden, in St John's Wood, which became a noted location for literary gatheringsattended by friends such as the painter Augustus John, D. B. Wyndham Lewis, and Jerome K. Jerome.Machen's dismissal from the Evening News in 1921 came as a relief in one sense, though it caused financialproblems. Machen, however, was recognized as a great Fleet Street character by his contemporaries, and heremained in demand as an essay writer for much of the twenties.

The Machen boom of the 1920s

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 5 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

Cover of the U.S. edition ofThe Secret Glory (New York:Knopf, 1922), one of the seriesof Machen's works publishedby Alfred A. Knopf in the1920s

The year 1922 saw a revival in Machen's literary fortunes. The Secret Glorywas finally published, as was his autobiography Far Off Things, and neweditions of Machen's Casanova, The House of Souls and The Hill of Dreamsall came out. Machen's works had now found a new audience andpublishers in America, and a series of requests for republications of booksstarted to come in. Vincent Starrett, James Branch Cabell, and Carl VanVechten were American Machen devotees who helped in this process.[4]

Another sign of his rising fortunes was the publication in 1923 of acollected edition of his works (the "Caerleon Edition") and a bibliography.That year also saw the publication of a recently completed second volumeof autobiography, Things Near and Far—the third and final volume, TheLondon Adventure, being published in 1924. Machen's earlier workssuddenly started becoming much-sought-after collectors' items at this time,a position they have held ever since. In 1924 he issued a collection of badreviews of his own work, with very little commentary, under the titlePrecious Balms. In this period of prosperity Machen's home saw manyvisitors and social gatherings, and Machen made new friends such asOliver Stonor.

Final years: 1926–1947

By 1926 the boom in republication was mostly over, and Machen's income dropped. He continuedrepublishing earlier works in collected editions, as well as writing essays and articles for various magazinesand newspapers and contributing forewords and introductions to both his own works and those of otherwriters—such as the Monmouthshire historian Fred Hando's The Pleasant Land of Gwent (1944)—butproduced little new fiction. In 1927, he became a manuscript reader for the publisher Ernest Benn, whichbrought in a much-needed regular income until 1933.

In 1929, Machen and his family moved away from London to Amersham in Buckinghamshire, but they stillfaced financial hardship. He received some recognition for his literary work when he received a Civil Listpension of ₤100 per annum in 1932, but the loss of work from Benn's a year later made things difficult oncemore. A few more collections of Machen's shorter works were published in the thirties, partially as a resultof the championing of Machen by John Gawsworth, who also began work on a biography of Machen thatwas only published in 2005 thanks to the Friends of Arthur Machen.[4]

Machen's financial difficulties were only finally ended by the literary appeal launched in 1943 for hiseightieth birthday. The initial names on the appeal show the general recognition of Machen's stature as adistinguished man of letters, as they included Max Beerbohm, T. S. Eliot, Bernard Shaw, Walter de la Mare,Algernon Blackwood, and John Masefield. The success of the appeal allowed Machen to live the last fewyears of his life, until 1947, in relative comfort.

Philosophy and religionFrom the beginning of his literary career, Machen espoused a mystical belief that the humdrum ordinaryworld hid a more mysterious and strange world beyond. His gothic and decadent works of the 1890sconcluded that the lifting of this veil could lead to madness, sex, or death, and usually a combination of all

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 6 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

three. Machen's later works became somewhat less obviously full of gothic trappings, but for himinvestigations into mysteries invariably resulted in life-changing transformation and sacrifice. Machen lovedthe medieval world view because he felt it manifested deep spirituality alongside a rambunctious earthiness.

Machen was a great enthusiast for literature that expressed the "rapture, beauty, adoration, wonder, awe,mystery, sense of the unknown, desire for the unknown" that he summed up in the word ecstasy.[7] His mainpassions were for writers and writing he felt achieved this, an idiosyncratic list which included theMabinogion and other medieval romances, François Rabelais, Miguel de Cervantes, William Shakespeare,Samuel Johnson, Thomas de Quincey, Charles Dickens, Arthur Conan Doyle, Edgar Allan Poe, and RobertLouis Stevenson. Those writers who failed to achieve this, or far worse did not even attempt it, receivedshort shrift from Machen.

Machen's strong opposition to a materialistic viewpoint is obvious in many of his works, marking him aspart of neo-romanticism. He was deeply suspicious of science, materialism, commerce, and Puritanism, allof which were anathema to Machen's conservative, bohemian, mystical, and ritualistic temperament.Machen's virulent satirical streak against things he disliked has been regarded as a weakness in his work, andrather dating, especially when it comes to the fore in works such as Dr Stiggins. Similarly, some of hispropagandistic First World War stories also have little appeal to a modern audience.

Machen, brought up as the son of a Church of England clergyman, always held Christian beliefs, thoughaccompanied by a fascination with sensual mysticism; his interests in paganism and the occult wereespecially prominent in his earliest works. Machen was well read on such matters as alchemy, the kabbalah,and Hermeticism, and these occult interests formed part of his close friendship with A. E. Waite. Machen,however, was always very down to earth, requiring substantial proof that a supernatural event had occurred,and was thus highly sceptical of Spiritualism. Unlike many of his contemporaries, such as Oscar Wilde andAlfred Douglas, his disapproval of the Reformation and his admiration for the medieval world and itsRoman Catholic ritualism did not fully tempt him away from Anglicanism—though he never fittedcomfortably into the Victorian Anglo-Catholic world.

The death of his first wife led him to a spiritual crossroads, and he experienced a series of mystical events.After his experimentation with the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, the orthodox ritual of the Churchbecame ever more important to him, gradually defining his position as a High Church Anglican who wasable to incorporate elements from his own mystical experiences, Celtic Christianity, and readings inliterature and legend into his thinking.

Legacy and influenceMachen's literary significance is substantial; his stories have been translated into many languages andreprinted in short story anthologies countless times. In the sixties, a paperback reprint in the Ballantine AdultFantasy series brought him to the notice of a new generation. More recently, the small press has continued tokeep Machen's work in print. In 2010, to mark the 150 years since Machen’s birth, two volumes of Machen'swork were republished in the prestigious Library of Wales series.[8]

Literary critics such as Wesley D. Sweetser and S. T. Joshi see Machen's works as a significant part of thelate Victorian revival of the gothic novel and the decadent movement of the 1890s, bearing directcomparison to the themes found in contemporary works like Robert Louis Stevenson's Strange Case of DrJekyll and Mr Hyde, Bram Stoker's Dracula, and Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray. At the time

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 7 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

authors like Wilde, William Butler Yeats, and Arthur Conan Doyle were all admirers of Machen's works. Heis also usually noted in the better studies of Anglo-Welsh literature. The French writer Paul-Jean Toulettranslated Machen's The Great God Pan into French and visited Machen in London. Charles Williams wasalso a devotee of Machen's work, which inspired Williams' own fiction.[9]

Historian of fantastic literature Brian Stableford has suggested that Machen "was the first writer ofauthentically modern horror stories, and his best works must still be reckoned among the finest products ofthe genre".[10]

Genre fiction

Machen's popularity in 1920s America has been noted, and his work was an influence on the development ofthe pulp horror found in magazines like Weird Tales and on such notable fantasy writers as James BranchCabell, Clark Ashton Smith, Robert E. Howard,[11] Frank Belknap Long (who wrote a tribute to Machen inverse, "On Reading Arthur Machen"),[12] Donald Wandrei,[13] David Lindsay[10] and E. Charles Vivian.[14]

His significance was recognized by H. P. Lovecraft, who in his essay "Supernatural Horror in Literature"named Machen as one of the four "modern masters" of supernatural horror (with Algernon Blackwood, LordDunsany, and M. R. James). Machen's influence on Lovecraft's own work was substantial. Lovecraft'sreading of Machen in the early 1920s led him away from his earlier Dunsanian writing towards thedevelopment of what became the Cthulhu Mythos. Machen's use of a contemporary Welsh or Londonbackground in which sinister ancient horrors lurk and are capable of interbreeding with modern peopleobviously helped inspire Lovecraft's similar use of a New England background. Machen's story "The WhitePeople" includes strange references to curious unknown rites and beings, an idea Lovecraft uses frequentlyin the mythos.

Lovecraft pays tribute to the influence by directly incorporating some of Machen's creations and references,such as Nodens and Aklo, into his Cthulhu Mythos and using similar plotlines, most notably seen by acomparison of "The Dunwich Horror" to The Great God Pan and of "The Whisperer in Darkness" to "TheNovel of the Black Seal". Other Lovecraft tales with a debt or reference to Machen include "The Call ofCthulhu", "The Festival", "Cool Air", "The Descendant", and "The Colour Out of Space".

His intense, atmospheric stories of horror and the supernatural have been read and enjoyed by many modernhorror and fantasy writers, influencing directly Peter Straub, Stephen King, Ramsey Campbell, Karl EdwardWagner,[15] "Sarban" (John William Wall),[16] Joanna Russ,[17] Graham Joyce, Simon Clark, Tim Lebbon,and T. E. D. Klein, to name but a few. Klein's novel The Ceremonies was partly based on Machen's "TheWhite People", and Straub's novel Ghost Story was influenced by The Great God Pan.[18]

Wider literary influence

Machen's influence is not limited to genre fiction, however. Jorge Luis Borges recognized Machen as a greatwriter, and through him Machen has had an influence on magic realism. He was also a major influence onPaul Bowles and Javier Marías. He was one of the most significant figures in the life of the Poet Laureate SirJohn Betjeman, who attributed to Machen his conversion to High Church Anglicanism, an important part of

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 8 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

his philosophy and poetry. Sylvia Townsend Warner (a niece of Machen's second wife, Purefoy) admiredMachen and was influenced by him,[18] as is his great-granddaughter, the contemporary artist TessaFarmer.[19]

Machen was also a pioneer in psychogeography, due to his interest in the interconnection between landscapeand the mind. His strange wanderings in Wales and London recorded in his beautiful prose make him ofgreat interest to writers on this subject, especially those focusing on London, such as Iain Sinclair and PeterAckroyd. Alan Moore wrote an exploration of Machen's mystical experiences in his work Snakes andLadders. Aleister Crowley loved Machen's works, feeling they contained "Magickal" truth, and put them onthe reading list for his students, though Machen, who never met him, detested Crowley. Other occultists,such as Kenneth Grant, also find Machen an inspiration. Far closer to Machen's personal mystical worldview was his effect on his friend Evelyn Underhill, who reflected some of Machen's thinking in her highlyinfluential book Mysticism.

Other fields

In music, the composer John Ireland found Machen's works to be a life-changing experience that directlyinfluenced much of his composition. Mark E. Smith of The Fall also found Machen an inspiration. Likewise,Current 93 have drawn on the mystical and occult leanings of Machen, with songs such as "The InmostLight", which shares its title with Machen's story. Some artists on the Ghost Box Music label like BelburyPoly and The Focus Group draw heavily on Machen. It is an interest also shared by film directors likeGuillermo del Toro and Richard Stanley. Other notable figures with an enthusiasm for Machen haveincluded Brocard Sewell, Barry Humphries, Stewart Lee and Rowan Williams, Archbishop ofCanterbury.[18]

Literary societies

An Arthur Machen Society was established in 1948 in the United States and survived until the 1960s. It wasfollowed by the Arthur Machen Society based in the UK, in 1986, which in turn was replaced by the currentliterary society, The Friends of Arthur Machen.[21]

The Friends of Arthur Machen (FoAM) is a non-profit international literary society founded in 1998dedicated to supporting interest in Arthur Machen and his work, and to aid research. It publishes twojournals: Faunus, which reprints rare Machen articles and criticism of his work, and Machenalia. It fostersinterest not only in Machen but in events in which he played a key part, such as the Angels of Mons affair,and organises psychogeographic excursions.

Prominent members include Mark Samuels, Roger Dobson, Javier Marías, Stewart Lee and R.B. Russell ofTartarus Press. The society was nominated for a World Fantasy Special Award: Non-Professional in 2006.

Selected worksIn approximate order of composition, with date of publication:

The Chronicle of Clemendy (1888) — Tales within a frame.The Great God Pan (written 1890–1894; published 1894) — Novella. First published together with"The Inmost Light" as Volume V in John Lane's Keynotes Series.

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 9 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

Blue plaque installed onMachen's birthplace inNovember 1997,[20]

under the auspices of theUK Arthur MachenSociety

"The Inmost Light" (1894) — A scientist imprisons his wife's soul in ashining jewel, letting something else into her untenanted body, but thejewel is stolen."The Shining Pyramid" (1895) — Strange arrangements of stones appearat the edge of a young man's property. He and a friend attempt to deciphertheir meaning before it is too late.The Three Impostors (1895) — A novel incorporating several shortstories, including "The Novel of the White Powder" and "The Novel ofthe Black Seal", which have often been anthologised separately. Centerson the search for a man with spectacles.

"The Novel of the Black Seal" — A precursor of H. P. Lovecraft inits subject matter—the protagonist gradually uncovers the secrets ofa hidden pre- and non-human race hiding in the Welsh hills, and thetrue nature of a hybrid, idiot child fathered by one of them."The Novel of the White Powder" — A man's behavior takes astrange turn after he starts taking a new prescription. His sisterdoesn't know if this is a good thing or a bad one.

"The Red Hand" (1895) — A story featuring the main characters fromThe Three Impostors. It focuses on a murder performed with an ancientstone axe.The Hill of Dreams (written 1895–1897; published 1907) — Novel.Ornaments in Jade (written 1897; published 1924) — Vignettes."The White People" (written 1899; published 1904) — A young girl'sdiary, recounting tales told her by her nurse, and her increasingly deep delvings into magic. Oftendescribed as one of the greatest of all horror short stories. Very subtle in its telling.Hieroglyphics: A Note upon Ecstasy in Literature (written 1899; published 1902)The House of the Hidden Light (Written in 1904 with Arthur Edward Waite. Only 3 copies werepublished. Reprinted in an edition of 350 copies by Tartarus Press, 2003)The Secret Glory (written 1899–1908; published 1922) — A public school boy becomes fascinated bytales of the Holy Grail and escapes from his repressive school in search of a deeper meaning to life."The Bowmen" (1914) — In this story, written and published during World War I, the ghosts ofarchers from the battle of Agincourt, led by Saint George, come to the aid of British troops. This iscited as the origin of the Angels of Mons legend.The Great Return (1915) — The Holy Grail returns to a Welsh village.The Terror (1917) — In wartime Britain, a series of unexplained murders occur with no sign of who orwhat is responsible.Far Off Things (1922) — First volume of autobiography.Things Near and Far (1923) — Second volume of autobiography.The London Adventure (1924) — Third and final volume of autobiography.Dog and Duck (1924) – Essays.The Glorious Mystery (1924) — Essays and vignettes.The Canning Wonder (1925) — Non-fiction study of the eighteenth-century mystery of thedisappearance of Elizabeth Canning. Machen concludes that Canning was lying about some or all ofher exploits.Dreads and Drolls (1926) — Essays (expanded edition, Tartarus Press: 2007).Notes and Queries (1926) – Essays.Tom O'Bedlam and His Song (1930) - Essays.The Green Round (1933) — Novel.The Children of the Pool (1936) — Short stories.Bridles and Spurs (1951) – Essays.

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 10 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

References1. Stephen King (4 September 2008). "Self-Interview". StephenKing.com. Retrieved 24 May 2012.2. "Machen's Grandfather" at caerleon.net/ (http://www.caerleon.net/history/machen/text/page5.html)3. Hando, F.J., (1944) The Pleasant Land of Gwent – Chapter Nine, Arthur Machen, R. H. Johns, Newport.4. Biography at the Friends of Arthur Machen website (http://www.machensoc.demon.co.uk/machbiog.html)5. E. F. Bleiler. "Arthur Machen" in: Bleiler, E. F., ed. Supernatural Fiction Writers. New York: Scribner's, 1985. ISBN

0-684-17808-7 (pp. 351–3).6. Leigh Blackmore (1985). "Hermetic Horrors: Weird Fiction Writers and the Golden Dawn". Shadowplay. Retrieved

25 March 2010.7. Arthur Machen, Hieroglyphics (London: Grant Richards, 1902), p. 11.8. "Tracing the life of Caerleon mystic, Arthur Machen" by Mike Buckingham at southwalesargus.co.uk

(http://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/news/9473709.Tracing_the_life_of_Caerleon_mystic__Arthur_Machen/)9. Glen Cavaliero, Charles Williams: Poet of Theology (London, Macmillan, 1983) p. 55.

10. "Machen, Arthur (Llewellyn)", by Brian Stableford in David Pringle (ed), St. James Guide to Horror, Ghost andGothic Writers. London : St. James Press, 1998, ISBN 1558622063 (pp. 382–84).

11. Rusty Burke notes that Howard's early story "The Little People" is "clearly influenced by Arthur Machen's 'TheShining Pyramid'" (Rusty Burke, "Notes on Miscellanea" in Robert E. Howard, Bran Mak Morn: The Last King .New York: Del Rey/Ballantine, p. 193. ISBN 978-0-345-46154-4).

12. Long's poem is republished in Lovecraft's Supernatural Horror in Literature. See The Annotated SupernaturalHorror in Literature, ed. S. T. Joshi (Hippocampus Press, 2000), p. 62.

13. Don Herron, "Collecting Donald Wandrei (http://www.donherron.com/collecting_donald_wandrei.html)", Firsts: TheBook Collector's Magazine, Oct. 1999: "Within a decade Wandrei began to write appreciations of his favoritewriters. His article 'Arthur Machen and The Hill of Dreams' appeared in the Minnesota Quarterly in spring 1926, andled to an exchange of letters with the Welsh mystic."

14. "Vivian, E(velyn) C(harles)", by Jack Adrian in the St. James Guide To Fantasy Writers, edited by David Pringle. St.James Press, 1996, pp. 577–80 ISBN 1-55862-205-5

15. Benjamin Szumskyj, Black Prometheus: A Critical Study of Karl Edward Wagner, Gothic Press, 2007 (p. 21)16. Peter Nicholls,"Sarban", in Supernatural Fiction Writers edited by E. F. Bleiler. Scribner's,New York, 1985. (pp.

667–74)17. Joanna Russ, The Country You Have Never Seen:Essays and Reviews; ISBN 0853238693 (p. 58)18. Gwilym Games (ed), Machenology: Tributes to the Master of Mysteries, 2007.19. "In Conversation With Tessa Farmer" (PDF). Antennae 1 (3): 16–24. 2007. Retrieved 2007-10-28.20. Wisker, Gina (2005). Horror Fiction: An Introduction. New York & London: Continuum. p. 74. ISBN 0-8264-1561-

X. Retrieved 14 April 2012.21. "Friends of Arthur Machen Website homepage: Horror Fantastic and Supernatural Fiction". Retrieved 27 September

2014.

Further readingDoyle, Michael. "The Laureate of Strange", Rue Morgue #131 (March 2013).Fox, Paul. "Eureka in Yellow: The Art of Detection in Arthur Machen's Keynote Mysteries." CLUES:A Journal of Detection 25.1 (Fall 2006): 58–69.Games, Gwilym (ed). Machenology: Tributes to the Master of Mysteries, 2007. Offers a series oftribute essays from those who have admired his work.Gawsworth, John. The Life of Arthur Machen. [Leyburn]: Friends of Arthur Machen & Tartarus Press,2005.Goho, James. "Suffering and Evil in the Short Fiction of Arthur Machen". Journeys into Darkness:Critical Essays on Gothic Horror. New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2014. ISBN 9781442231450Joshi, S. T. The Weird Tale. Austin: U of Texas P, 1990.Reynolds, Aidan; Charlton, William. Arthur Machen. London: John Baker, 1963. Paperback reprint,

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 11 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

Wikimedia Commons hasmedia related to ArthurMachen.

Wikisource has originaltext related to this article:

Author:Arthur Machen

Wikiquote has quotationsrelated to: Arthur Machen

Oxford: Caermaen Books, 1988.Simons, John. "Horror in the 1890s: The Case of Arthur Machen". Bloom, Clive, ed. Creepers: BritishHorror and Fantasy in the Twentieth Century. London: Pluto Press, 1993. ISBN 9780585359502Speth, Lee. "Cavalier Treatment: More About Arthur Machen". Mythlore 8.1 (Spring 1981): 41–42.Sweetser, Wesley D. Arthur Machen. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1964.Tearle, Oliver. Bewilderments of Vision: Hallucination and Literature, 1880–1914. Brighton: SussexAcademic Press, 2014. ISBN 978-0-8240-0059-2Valentine, Mark. Arthur Machen. Bridgend: Seren Books, 1995.Wagenknecht, Edward. "Arthur Machen". Seven Masters of Supernatural Fiction. New York:Greenwood, 1991. ISBN 0313279608

External linksThe Friends of Arthur Machen(http://www.arthurmachen.org.uk/) — Literary society with along Machen biography and linksWorks by Arthur Machen(http://www.gutenberg.org/author/Machen,+Arthur) at ProjectGutenbergWorks by or about Arthur Machen(https://archive.org/search.php?

query=%28subject%3A%22Machen%2C%20Arthur%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Arthur%20Machen%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Machen%2C%20Arthur%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Arthur%20Machen%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Machen%2C%20A%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Arthur%20Machen%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Machen%2C%20Arthur%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Arthur%20Machen%22%29%20OR%20%28%221863-1947%22%20AND%20Machen%29) at Internet ArchiveWorks by Arthur Machen (http://librivox.org/author/2155) at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks) Arthur Machen (http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?Arthur_Machen) at the Internet SpeculativeFiction Database"Machen, Arthur (http://sf-encyclopedia.co.uk/fe.php?nm=machen_arthur)" in The Encyclopedia ofFantasyArthur Machen secondary bibliography (http://www.gothlitdata.com/machen.html)Essays on Arthur Machen (http://www.waldeneast.fsnet.co.uk/machencontents.htm) by John Howard"Machen is the forgotten father of weird fiction(http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/booksblog/2009/sep/29/arthur-machen-tartarus-press)", TheGuardian, 29 September 2009"Beyond the Veil: The Fiction of Arthur Machen (http://bnreview.barnesandnoble.com/t5/Library-Without-Walls/Beyond-the-Veil-The-Fiction-of-Arthur-Machen/ba-p/6059)", by Michael Dirda

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Machen&oldid=679904837"

Categories: 1863 births 1947 deaths Hermetic Order of the Golden DawnPeople educated at Hereford Cathedral School People from Caerleon Welsh fantasy writersWelsh horror writers Anglo-Welsh novelists Welsh male stage actors Welsh journalists

24/10/2015 18:36Arthur Machen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 12 of 12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Machen

Welsh essayists Welsh translators Welsh literary critics Welsh Anglicans Welsh occultistsDecadent literature Victorian novelists 19th-century Welsh novelists 20th-century Welsh novelistsCthulhu Mythos writers

This page was last modified on 7 September 2015, at 14:29.Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms mayapply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registeredtrademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.