Art Nouveau ppt
48
ART NOUVEAU
-
Upload
carla-faner -
Category
Education
-
view
16.892 -
download
52
Transcript of Art Nouveau ppt
ART NOUVEAU
OUTLINE
• Birth of Art Nouveau
• Introduction: Art Nouveau
-Time & Place
-Hallmarks of Art Nouveau Styles
-Other names for Art Nouveau
-Critical Nicknames
• Art Nouveau Architecture
-Features
-Pierre Francastel
-Stephan Tschudi Madsen
-Art Nouveau Architects and their Works
• Beginning of Art Deco
• References
BIRTH OF ART NOUVEAU
The last third of the 19th century saw the development of a fundamentally approach to architecture and interior
design. All over Europe there was a need for liberating change of direction, a desire to break away from set formulas based on pastiche of historical styles and a search for original ideas, all of which
resulted at the beginning of the 1890s in the birth of Art Nouveau.
INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU
Art Nouveau (French for "New
Style") was popularized by the
famous Maison de l'Art
Nouveau (House of New Art), a
Paris art gallery operated by
Siegfried Bing.
INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU
Art Nouveau represents the beginning of modernism in design (Modern Architecture). It occurred at a time when mass-produced consumer goods began to fill the marketplace, and designers, architects, and artists began to understand that the handcrafted work of centuries past could be lost. While reclaiming this craft tradition, art nouveau designers simultaneously rejected traditional styles in favor of new, organic forms that emphasized humanity's connection to nature.
INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU
TIME & PLACE
Art Nouveau art and architecture flourished in major European cities between 1890 and 1914.
INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU
It embraced all forms of art and design:
• architecture• furniture
• glassware
• graphic design
• jewelry
• painting• pottery
• metalwork
• textile
This was a sharp contrast to the traditional separation of art intothe distinct categories of fine art (painting and sculpture) and
applied arts (ceramics,furniture, and other practical objects).
INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU
HALLMARKS OF
ART NOUVEAU STYLE
• flat, decorative patterns;
• intertwined organic forms such as
stems or flowers;
• an emphasis on handcrafting as
opposed to machine
manufacturing;
• the use of new materials;
• and the rejection of earlier styles
INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU
Other names for Art Nouveau:
As it moved through Europe, Art Nouveau
went through several phases and took on a
variety of names.
• Nieuwe Kunst In Netherland
• Jugendstil in Germany
• Arte Joven, in Spain
• Secession, in Austria
• Stile Liberty, in Italy
INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU
CRITICAL NICKNAMES
From its earliest appearance, the Art
Nouveau was also dubbed with a host of
critical nicknames such as:
• Eel style
• Noodle style
• Mutton bone style
• Dandy style
ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE
FEATURES
Art Nouveau buildings have many of these
features:
• Asymmetrical shapes
• Extensive use of arches and curved forms
• Curved glass
• Curving, plant-like embellishments
• Mosaics
• Stained glass
• Japanese motifs
ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE
Pierre
Francasteldivides Art Nouveau
into two main
tendencies that could
broadly termed the
organic and the
rationalist
ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE
Rationalist:
Mackintosh school Glasglow, Scotland
1897-1909-dependent on the straight line
Organic:
Gaudi houseBarcelona, Spain
1903-gives precedence to the curved line and floral shapes
ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE
Stephan
Tschudi
Madsen(Art Historian)
proposed a more subtle
classification, but still relies on
an assumed antagonism
between four designs
ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE
In his book Sources of Art Nouveau, he describes for styles:
2. A floral approach focuding on
organic plant forms
(Galle, Majorelle, Vallin)
1. An abstract, structural style with a strong symbolic and dynamic tendency (France & Belgium)
(Horta, Guimard, Van de Velde)
Aquarium PavillionHenry Van de Velde’s house
ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE
4. A structured, geometric style
(Austria & Germany)
(Wagner, Olbrich, Hoffmann, Loos)
3. The linear, flat approach, with a heavy symbolic element
(Glasglow group, Mackintosh)
Majolikahaus in Vienna by Otto Wagner
Glasgow School of Artby Charles Rennie Mackintosh
ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTS
AND THEIR WORKS
Victor Horta(Belgian architect and
designer)(January 6, 1861 - September 8 1947)
Hotel
TasselBrussels, BelgiumConstruction started 1893
Completed 1894
(1st Art Nouveau Building in the World)
Stairway of Tassel House, Brussels
Hôtel van
EetveldeBrussels, Belgium
Construction started 1898
Completed 1900
Hôtel van Eetvelde office : fireplace
Hôtel
SolvayBrussels, Belgium
Construction started 1898
Completed 1900
Horta
Museumformerly known as
Maison & Atelier Horta
Brussels, Belgium
Construction started 1898
Completed 1900
Hector
Guimard(French architect)(Lyon, March 10, 1867 – New York,
May 20, 1942)
Castel
BerangerParis, France
1890 circa
Building Typemulti-familty housing, apartment building
ConstructionSystem
bearing masonry, brick, cast iron
Climate temperate
Context urban
Notes Graceful asymmetrical wrought iron entry gate, precedent to work of contemporary American blacksmith Albert Paley.
Details of
Castel Beranger
Paris
Metro
EntrancesParis, France
1899 to 1905
Building Typelight rail rapid transit stations
ConstructionSystem
iron and glass
Climate temperate
Context urban
Notes Graceful organic forms.
Hotel
GuimardParis, France
1912
Building Type private residence hotel
Construction Systemcut stone bearing masonry
Climate temperate
Context urban
Notes Elegant facade with organic detailing.
Louis
Sullivan(American architect)
(September 3, 1856 – April 14, 1924)
"father of skyscrapers“
"father of modernism“
one of "the recognized trinity of American architecture"
Wainwright
BuildingMissouri, USA
1890 to 1891
Height: 44.81 meters / 147 feet
Stories: 10
Charles
Rennie
Mackintosh(British Architect, Interior Designer)
The
Light
HouseGlasglow, ScotlandCompleted in 1895
Antonio
Gaudi(Architect, Barcelona)
Gaudi was a Spanish (Catalan)
Architect who created complex
buildings in that the architecture
was considered sculptural as well.
His buildings are considered
biomorphic, or organically-shaped.
This is possibly a rejection to the
coldness that a machine-produced
geometric object would create
Casa
MilàBarcelona, Catalonia, Spain
1905-1907
Casa
BattloBarcelona, Spain1905-1907
La
Sagrada
Familia(The Holy Family)
Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
1882-2026
Parque
GüellBarcelona, Spain
1900 to 1914
Parque Güell, or Guell Park is surrounded
by an undulating mosaic wall.
BEGINNING OF ART DECO
• When Art Nouveau fell out of fashion in
the 1920s and 1930s, it was
replaced by the clean, simple
geometries of Art Deco.
• The extravagant curves of Art
Nouveau were seen as old-fashioned
and viewed with contempt.
BEGINNING OF ART DECO
• Many Art Nouveau products were put
away, spurned, or destroyed.
• Rooms once decorated in what had
been the height of fashion were
redecorated to conform to the
latest taste.
BEGINNING OF ART DECO
• It was not until nearly half a century later,
in 1952, the first comprehensive exhibition devoted to Art Nouveau was
organized in Zurich, Switzerland.
• Present day interest in Art Nouveau, and in particular its widespread appreciation within the last thirty years, has once again
firmly established it as an important art movement.
REFERENCES
• http://www.docstoc.com/docs/79051493/Art-Nouveau-%28PowerPoint%29• http://www.greatbuildings.com/architects/Hector_Guimard.html• http://architecture.about.com/od/artnouveau/g/artnouveau.htm• http://www.mr-oscar-wilde.de/lifetime/art_nouveau.htm#Sullivan• http://architecture.about.com/od/greatbuildings/ig/Antoni-Gaud-/Guell-Park.htm• KEIICHI TAHARA
Art Nouveau ArchitecturePhilippine ThiebautBruno Girveau
©2000 Thames and Hudson Ltd, London• ALASTAIR DUNCAN
Art Nouveau (170 illustrations, 32 in colour)
©1994 Thames and Hudson Ltd, London
• Art Nouveau (Spirit of the Belle Epoque)
by Susan A. Sternau© 1996 Todri Production Limited• The Sources of Modern Architecture and Design
by Nikolaus Pevsner©1968 Thames and Hudson Ltd, London
