Art in the Primary Schoo Printmaking0[1]

8/6/2019 Art in the Primary Schoo Printmaking0[1]

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: Exploring Visual Art in: Exploring Visual Art inPrimary EducationPrimary Education: Exploring Visual Art in: Exploring Visual Art inPrimary EducationPrimary Education

PrintmakingPrintmaking


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PrintmakingPrintmaking can be one of the most exciting

and interesting procedures in the visualarts. It is the process of transferring an

inked image onto another surface.Printmaking involves an element of

surprise, and often the results fromexplorations of materials, ideas and

techniques are not evident until the printis made.


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Children and PrintmakingThe teacher needs to establish clear

procedures for working. Shared

equipment must always be used withconsideration for the needs of theperson who is to use the equipmentnext. Efficient organisation of the

working space and preparation ofmaterials and equipment allcontribute to the success of

printmaking.


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Children and PrintmakingTeachers are advised to plan longer units of

work, consisting of a number of

experiences, so that children havefrequent opportunities to learn andpractise the necessary skills and

techniques. For example a unit might begin

with stamp printing, then go on to includemonoprints, prints from collages and linocuts, in order of increasing complexity.


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RubbingsRubbings are a good way of introducing

printmaking, and involve:

Exploring a range of textured surfaces Experimenting with ways of moving the crayon or

pencil to achieve a rubbing

Making a rubbing of a surface and asking a

partner to identify its source Making collages of favourite texturedsurfaces


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Rubbings enables children to

move outside the classroom


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Stamp PrintingThis involves experimenting with a variety of

collected objects to discover theirpotential for printing patterns and makinga variety of marks on paper. A collection

of objects could include corks, bottle tops,shells, cardboard rolls, wooden blocks,jigsaw puzzle pieces, nuts and bolts,

virtually anything that will make a mark.


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Stamp PrintingAcrylic paint or edicol dye paint isplaced onto a piece of thin foam on a

plate which then becomes a stamppad. Children can be encouraged to

experiment with the shapes and

colours, make patterns, and makepictures using a variety of objects toachieve the desired result.


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Example of Stamp

Printing


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MonoprintingA fingerprint is one of the simplest monoprints to do. To take

this a little further:a) Select and dispense ink or paint onto a surface such as

laminex or perspex.

b) Roll it out with the appropriate roller (foam for acrylicpaint or edicol dye and rubber for printing ink).c) Draw into the ink with sticks, skewers or pencils.d) Place a piece of paper over the drawing and rub over the

surface to take a print.Another approach is to place the paper directly onto the ink or

paint and draw on the back of the paper.


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Monoprinting with

painted objects


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CollagraphsThis form of printmaking involves making a collage

from a variety of textured surfaces such ascardboard, string, onion bag, foil and hessian.

Then PVA glue these elements onto a piece ofstrong card or wood, and lightly spray them withfixative to seal them. Apply ink by using a rubberroller only. Roll the ink firstly only perspex andthen roll in onto the block. Place the paper over

the inked block and smoothly rub the back of thepaper. Lift the paper carefully off and you shouldhave a collagraph.


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Example of Collagraphs

(plate before printing)


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Collagraph plate printed


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Example of another collagraphcreated from string by Eva

Mc Cullough


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EngravingThis form of printmaking involves engraving

a surface which becomes the printing

block. The children use an old biro, orother sharp pointed object, to experimentwith marks and lines on the surface.

Polystyrene meat trays and thick

cardboard both make suitable surfaces forengraving. The ink is rolled onto thesurface using a hard rubber roller, and a

print is taken from this.


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Screen PrintingA silkscreen is a wooden frame upon which a

piece of silk has been tightly stretchedacross its surface. Numerous materialswith a fine weave can be used instead ofsilk. Younger children can cut or tear outrandom shapes which can be placed on thesurface to create negative shapes when

the paint is pulled past the screen.


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Example of

Screenprinting


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Other IdeasChildren may also want to experiment

with printing from natural objects

such as leaves and feathers, evenfish. They should be encouraged to

print on fabrics such as calico, cotton

and lawn. Another area that could beexplored is stencilling.


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MaterialsIf you are using block printing inks, then try

to purchase water based inks, as it will

save a great deal of time cleaning up.O

ilbased inks need to be cleaned up withturpentine which causes all sorts of health

and safety issues.

If you do not have printmaking ink then addflour to tempera to make it thicker and

stickier like ink.


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Recipe for monoprintingDissolve half a cup of cornflower in one

cup of cold water. Add three cups of

boiling water and stir rapidly untilthick. Divide into dispensing bottles,one for each colour. Add to each

bottle:

1 teaspoon edicol dye powder1 teaspoon disinfectant1 teaspoon soap flakes


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Practical techniques for

Printmaking: Monoprinting1) Use a piece of perspex and roll out a

small amount of water-based ink on

it. Use a skewer or similar instrumentto draw a pattern onto the perspexso that the clear surface is revealed.Carefully place a piece of paper on

top and pat it down, then lift it offto reveal the transferred pattern.


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Printmaking: Collagraph2) Working with a partner take a piece of

cardboard about 15cm square and glue onsome interesting items such as buttons,string, leaves, etc. The important thing isto try and keep everything at the samelevel if possible. Roll some paint or ink overthe top of the items and then place some

paper on top and apply pressure to revealthe transfer pattern.


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Printmaking: Linoprinting3) Using a 15 cm square of lino cut into

it to create an interesting pattern or

picture. Please ensure you use thebench hooks and cut away from yourhand in case the lino tool slips on thesurface of the lino.


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printmaking:4) In a small group cut out a number of

interesting shapes from paper and placethese on a sheet of paper. They canoverlap if you wish. Place a silkscreenstencil over the top of these shapes andthen put some paint along the top of thestencil and use the squeege to create a

print. Each person in the group shouldprint their own.


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Printmaking: Rubbings5) Create an interesting rubbing from a

found object either in the room or

outside. You may wish to use oilcrayons to achieve a more interestingeffect.


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Extension Activities:

Edge Cardboard PrintingNeed: cardboard, paint, leaves.

Method: use the edge of a piece of

corrugated cardboard to create apicture, such as a bottlebrush. Use

leaves to print as well.


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Example of student art

work


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Printmaking ProjectsAutumn Reflections

a) Fold a piece of paper the long way.b) On the middle fold going up, draw a series of trees using

the Y method. Draw a straight line for the trunk and

then a V in the middle so it looks like a Y. Branch offdrawing with Vs from there. Keep the trees very simpleand varied. Have some tall and some bending. Try to workacross the paper until it is full of trees.

c) Once youve drawn the trees go over them in crayon andthen fold the paper again and rub it hard with a ruleredge.

d) Next, create dabs of autumn coloured paint and dot thebranches on the trees with autumn colour. Fold the paperdown again and press to create the reflection of trees in

the water.e) When it is dry paint the water area and the sky a blue

colour.


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Printmaking ProjectsUsing some of the tonal techniques you

learnt in Session 1, such as

crosshatching, create a monoprint ofa bowl of fruit. When dry use paint

or pencils to colour in areas to createan effective piece of artwork.


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Printmaking ProjectsSilkscreening

A silkscreen stencil works on the same

basis as lettering stencils. Certainareas must be left so that the entireshape does not fall out of the stencil.C

reate a simple stencil to print on apiece of material.


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Lino PrintingNeed:

A rubber roller

PaperPrinting ink (water-based)

Lino

Lino toolsBench hook


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Lino PrintingMethod:(Lino is usually much easier to cut when it is warm, so if you

have a sunny bench place the lino on it beforehand.)1. Work out a design to place on the lino. This could be drawn

free-hand or traced onto tracing paper. Place a piece ofcarbon paper onto the lino with the tracing paper on topand retrace again.

2. The areas that you will be cutting away in the lino will notprint. The parts that are left will give ink impressions onthe paper. You should be cutting away the areas which arenot shaded, or which will appear as white paper.

3. Place the lino on top of the bench hook, and make sure youcut with the cutter going away from you. Turn the linoaround so that you are always cutting away from yourself.


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Lino PrintingMethod:4. Use the large cutters to take away large areas of

lino, and the smaller cutters to remove moredetailed areas.

5. Using a paintbrush, clean the surface of the linoto clear away all of the small fragments.

6. Apply the ink to the inking block. Disperse the inkevenly with the rubber roller, first in onedirection and then the other. Run the inked roller

over the lino several times until all the raisedareas are evenly covered with ink.


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Lino PrintingMethod:7. If you have a printing press available you can

place a piece of paper on its base, and then the

lino square ink side down carefully on top.Alternatively you can place you a rubber roller byhand.

8. Be creative and glue different papers on yourbase sheet and print over these. See how many

effects you can make with mixing a variety ofmedia together.


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Example of a linoprint


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Example of a linoprint


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Example of a woodblock print


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Campbell Soup Company, The Souper Dress,1968, Wood pulp, cotton

91.1cm (centre back)

53cm (waist, flat)


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Campbell Soup Company, The Souper Dress,1968, Wood pulp, cotton

91.1cm (centre back)

53cm (waist, flat)

Art in the Primary Schoo Printmaking0[1]

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