Open Education in Europe – Social Innovation for Learning, Teaching and Training? Patricia Arnold Munich University of Applied Sciences, Germany Social Europe Days 2014, Leuwen, 25.04.2014

Slide 2 Social Europe Days 2014 Patricia Arnold, arnold@hm.edu

1. Introduction: Open Education in Europe

2. MOOC Mania

3. Open Education Resources

4. Showcase: COER13 – A MOOC on OER

5. Conclusions: Open Education as Social Innovation?

Structure

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Meeting your lecturer Website: http://patriciaarnold.wikispaces.com Slides:

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Meeting your audience

Who studies HRM / who social work?

Who knows what a MOOC is?

Who has participated in a MOOC or knows someone who has?

Who has come across the term „Open Educational Resources“ (OER)

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Meeting the topic I

“The European Commission launched Open Education Europa in September 2013 as part of the Opening up Education Initiative to provide a single gateway to European OER.” http://www.openeducationeuropa.eu/en/about_this_portal , 2014-04-20

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Meeting the topic II

Source: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13-859_en.htm , 2014-04-20

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Meeting the topic II

Action Plan: “Opening Up Education” (09/2013) “A joint initiative led by Androulla Vassiliou, Commissioner for Education,

Culture, Multilingualism and Youth, and Neelie Kroes, Commission Vice-President, responsible for the Digital Agenda, Opening up Education focuses on three main areas: Creating opportunities for organisations, teachers and learners to innovate; Increased use of Open Educational Resources (OER), ensuring that

educational materials produced with public funding are available to all; and Better ICT infrastructure and connectivity in schools.”

Background: “90% of jobs by 2020 will require high quality education and the digital skills”

http://prezi.com/8ei8snj8tqrc/opening-up-education/ http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13-859_en.htm

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• 2,600,000 results with Google-Search (2014-04-20)

• Horizon Report 2013 identified Massive Open

Online Courses (MOOCS) as technology

innovation within 1 year

• New York Times: „2012 The Year of the MOOC“

(Pappano 2012)

• More than 500 European MOOCs listed in Portal

Open Education

„MOOC – Mania“

http://www.nmc.org/publications/2013-horizon-report-higher-ed

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„MOOCs in Europe

Source: ana carla pereira 12. November 2013, http://prezi.com/8ei8snj8tqrc/opening-up-education/

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Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)

„MOOCs verfolgen das Ziel, hochqualitative Online-Kurse in

großem Maßstab unabhängig von Standort und Vorbildung der

Teilnehmenden anzubieten und werden aufgrund ihrer hohen

Sichtbarkeit und ihres Potentials, eine bisher unvorstellbare

Zahl von Lernenden zu erreichen, mit großem Enthusiasmus

angenommen“

Horizon Report 2013, 12

Online Kurse mit Tausenden von Teilnehmenden!

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„X-MOOCs“: Ivy League für alle?

11

German MOOC Competition by Stifterverbands für die Deutsche

Wissenschaft & iversity 2013

https://iversity.org/

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• M Massive = up to 160.000 participants • O Open = Open Source, Open Learning • O Online = fully internet-based • C Course = educational as a course with start, end , video lectures and

assignment

• Term MOOCs was coined in 2008, by George Siemens („connectivism“) und Stephen Downes

• First MOOCs were cMOOCs (c=connectivism): • Focus on participants‘ contributions

• MOOCs got famous in 2011 through xMOOCs (x= extension) : • Teacher-centerd, instruction design, video lectures (differentiation according to

Daniel 2012) • A typical MOOC has ~ 20.000 participants and 5-10% complete the course

(Sharples et al. 2013)

MOOCs im Überblick

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„X-MOOCs“: Ivy League für alle?

14

source

October 2012

1/2014: 127 Kurse

1/2014: 33 Kurse

1/2014: 585 Kurse

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Discussion 1

• Interested in participating in a MOOC?

• Where do you see challenges and benefits?

• In which contexts can you imagine a MOOC offer?

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What are Open Educational Resources? I h

“digitized materials offered freely and openly for educators, students and self-learners to use and re-use for teaching, learning and research” (Hylen 2006, 1)

Open Access Open Licence Open Format Open Software

Reuse Revise Remix Redistribute

Source: OER Logo 2012 CC-BY J. Mello

UNESCO 2002 UNESCO 2012 Paris OER Declaration

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What are Open Educational Resources? II

Source: OECD 2007

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What are Open Educational Resources? III

Source: SURF 2012, 4

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Discussion 2

• What are the benefits of OER? (for learners, for

teachers & trainers, for organizations)?

• What are the challenges of OER (for learners, for

teachers & trainers, for organisations)?

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Slow uptake of OER in Germany

OER uptake in Germany is lagging behind (Ebner & Schön 2011, Arnold 2012),

Many controversial issues: copyright, business cases, etc.

OECD Survey 2011 (Hylen et al. 2012)

“Germany was the only country [out of 28] who responded that the OER issue is not expected to become a policy priority in the near future”.

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From the video: What is"COER13" and who runs it with what sort of ideas (in German) http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=xqfAohcsSec#!

“One can’t believe impossible things.” “I daresay you haven’t had much practice,” said

the Queen. “When I was your age I always did it for half-an-hour a day. Why, sometimes I’ve believed as many as six impossible things before breakfast.”

Lewis Carroll, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland

OER – or to believe impossible things?

Source: OER Logo 2012 CC-BY J. Mello (Inspired by: http://www.21stcenturyschools.com/what_is_21st_century_education.htm)

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#COER13: A MOOC on OER April – June 2013 http://www.coer13.de

/

8 partners with diverse organizational affiliations – dedicated to the OER cause • E-teaching.org

• TU Graz, L3T • University Tübingen • Munich University of

Applied Sciences • OER Services • BIMS e.V, L3T

Patricia Arnold

Johannes Moskaliuk

Andreas Link Simone Haug Martin Ebner

Anne Thillosen Sandra Schön Markus Schmidt

The team of convenors of COER13

COER13 – to realize the impossible PROGRAM

• Starting Week: What are OER? • Unit 1: Looking for and finding OER • Unit 2: Producing OER oneself • Unit 3: OER Use cases • Unit 4: Business plans & financing OER • Unit 5: OER at schools and in higher education • Closing Week: Looking back & what‘s next?

COER13 – educational design

• Community-oriented MOOC (cMOOC) i.e.

participants‘ contributions were considered to

be an integral part of the course

• Free and open, i.e. no prerequisites for

participating / run entirely online

• Variety of communication channels: website,

newsletter, forum – twitter, blogs –

aggregated via #COER13 – emerging social

network groups

COER13 – structure

• Structured course with 1-2 online events

per unit

• Instructional videos or presentations &

reading material for each unit

• One practical assignment per unit

• Assessment via online badges on two

levels (hOERer, wOERker)

COER13 – assessment

COER13 – in numbers

• 1090 registered participants (15% students) • Instructional videos/ 10 registered Online-Events

• 673 forum postings / 316 Blog posts / 2.247 Tweets from 336 people • 105 participants in emergent Facebook COER13-group / COER13 discussion in OER

Google+ group

• 612 new tags at edutags • OER-Wiki, 2 OER apps, several presentations, posters, summaries

• As of 04.09.2013 - Details unter http://prezi.com/52xrza0rsgfw/coer13/#share_embed

COER13 – participation online events

COER13 – participants Professional Background Number %

Higher ed lecturer 83 21%

teacher 89 22%

Support staff 91 23%

students 61 15%

Professional development/ adult education 80 20%

Corporate staff 31 7%

freelance 72 18%

pupils 1 0,26%

retired 8 2%

N = 426 | n = 391 | sys-missing = 35

COER13 – participants’ background

COER13 – in numbers

• From 89 participants striving for an

online badge 56 actually obtained

badges:

• 29 hOERer / 27 wOERker

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Discussion 3

• Open Education in Europe – a social innovation for

learning, teaching and training?

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Conclusions

Potentially great impact on education in Europe

Still many hurdles to overcome and further research needed

“The key question here is whether our higher education institutions and individual instructors can afford to adopt a ‘wait-and-see’ attitude in the light of these [OER and OEP] movements. Asking that question in fact amounts to answering it! Didderen & Verjans (2012, 15)

Cheating Sheet on OER

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Thank you very much…

…..for your attention!

Contact: Prof. Dr. Patricia Arnold

Munich University of Applied Sciences

arnold@hm.edu http://patriciaarnold.wikispaces.com/

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References

Hylén, J. et al. (2012), “Open Educational Resources: Analysis of Responses to the OECD Country Questionnaire”, OECD Education Working Papers , No. 76, OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k990rjhvtlv-en

Arnold, P. (2012). “Open Educational Resources: The Way to Go, or ‘Mission Impossible’ in (German) Higher Education?” In: Stillman, L.; Denision, T.; Sabiescu, A. & Memarovic, N. (Eds.): CIRN 2012 Community Informatics Conference: “Ideals meet Reality”. Monash: CD-ROM.

Brown, J. S. & Adler, Richard P. (2008). “Minds on Fire: Open Education, the Long Tail and Learning 2.0”. In: Educause Review, Vol. 43, Nr. 1, 16-32.

Daniel, J. (2012). “Making Sense of MOOCs: Musings in a Maze of Myth, Paradox and Possibility”. In Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 3. http://www-jime.open.ac.uk/jime/article/viewArticle/2012-18/html (2013-09-01).

Ebner, M. & Schön, S. (2011). “Offene Bildungsressourcen: Frei zugänglich und einsetzbar”. In K. Wilbers & A. Hohenstein (Eds.). Handbuch E-Learning. Expertenwissen aus Wissenschaft und Praxis – Strategien, Instrumente, Fallstudien. (Nr. 7-15). Köln: Deutscher Wirtschaftsdienst (Wolters Kluwer Deutschland), 39. Erg.-Lfg. Oktober 2011, 1-14.

Geser, G. (Ed.) (2007). Open educational Practices and Resources. OLCOS Roadmap 2012. Salzburg: Salzburg Research/EduMedia Group. http://www.olcos.org/cms/upload/docs/olcos_roadmap.pdf (2012-10-01)

COER13 website:www.coer13.de Slides based partially COER13 slides BY COER123 Team and prezi-presentation by Markus Schmidt ( CC

BY)