Army History - Spring 2012

7/29/2019 Army History - Spring 2012

1/561

TheProfessionalBul let inofArmyHistory

ARMYHISTORY

Spring 2012 PB 20-12-2 (No. 83) Washington, D.C.

In This Issue

28

A Critical but Missing Piece

Educating Our Professional

Military on the History of Islam

By Adam Oler6

DisappearingDoughboys

The American Expeditionary

Forces Straggler Crisis in

the Meuse-ArgonneBy Richard S. Faulkner

26U.S.ArmyArtifactSpotlightThe U.S. Army Adds a National Treasure to Its Core Collection


2/56

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The Chiefs CornerRobert J. Dalessandro

What Is Past Is Prologue:a lookBackandthe VIeW ForWard

Continued on page 40


4/56

Features

Articles

5 News Notes

26 U.S. Army ArtifactSpotlight41 Book Reviews

54 Chief HistoriansFootnote

6 28

A Critical but

Missing Piece

Educating OurProessional Militaryon the History oIslam

By Adam Oler

Disappearing

Doughboys

he AmericanExpeditionary ForcesStraggler Crisis in theMeuse-Argonne

By Richard S. Faulkner

Spring

2012


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Continued on page 39


6/56

ABOUTTHEAUTHOR

Dr. Richard S.

Faulkner teaches

military history

at the U.S. Army

Command and

General Sta

College at Fort

Leavenworth,

Kansas. He spent

twenty-three years

in the Army as

an armor ofcer.

During his time

in service he

commanded a tank

company during

Operation Desert

storm and taught

American history

at the U.S. MilitaryAcademy at West

Point. He received

a Ph.D. in American

history rom Kansas

State University. His

book, The School

of Hard Knocks:

Combat Leadership

in the American

Expeditionary Forces,

will be published

by Texas A&M

University Press inApril 2012.

Soldiers being disciplined on the Meuse-Argonne ront


7/56

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7

ByrIchard s. Faulkner

The American Expeditionary Forces Straggler Crisis in the Meuse-Argonne

Disappearing Dough

N

l A

h

A gun crew rom the 23d Inantry fring a 37-mm. gun during an advance against German entrenched positions


8/568 Army HistorySpring 2012

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In a short amount o time the Hobo Barragearrested

Tasked with maintaining order, directing trac, and handling German prisoners,military policemen were oten too ew in number, orcing commanders to rely oncavalry troops or other soldiers to man straggler posts.

AuthorsC

ollection



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11

as the ad hoc unit came under heavy Germanfre, soldiers began to

A machine gun platoon advances through a densely wooded area. Terrain like thiswas typical o the Meuse-Argonne region.

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12/56

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12 Army HistorySpring 2012

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U.S. soldiers passing through Montaucon

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General Pershing inspecting U.S. troops

Trac jams compounded the AEFs logistical problems.

MilitaryHistoryInstitute

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Poor road conditions continually hampered logistical eorts.

Field kitchens were oten raided by hungry stragglers.

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the men are dejected and demoralized andapparently not the subject o any


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18/56

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The high casualty rates and subsequent turnover o ocers and men resulted in a lacko discipline and accountability.



19/56

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19

Abandoned German bunkers and machine gun posts provided excellent hiding placesor straggling soldiers.

German shelters like this one in Bois de Montaucon could accommodate a largenumber o men.


AuthorsCollection



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Supply trucks stuck in the mud were easy targets or thieving stragglers.



21/56

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21

it was simply the case o the unwilling being ledby the unready into the

Newly arriving soldiers report to the replacement center in Le Mans on 6 October1918 or processing and unit assignment. Some ocers and noncommissionedocers claimed that untrained replacements lacked basic combat skills anddiscipline and accounted or most o their units stragglers.

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Rife practice at Camp Gordon, Georgia

Substandard training oten meantsoldiers had to practice with theirequipment whenever possible.

A French ocer instructing American troops in the use o gas masks nearMenancourt

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23/5623

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G D C F .

noteS1. R, C, H, 2 Cv, 1 Nv 1918,

: S A, 269,

856, R G (RG) 120, NARA.

2 . R L. B, Personalities and Remi-

niscences o the War(N Y: D,

P C, 1925), . 251.

3. H L, AEF: en Years Ago inFrance (N Y: D, M C-

, 1927), . 207.

4. N, I G (IG) A

E F (AEF), : D

Av O 12 S 1918 11 Nv

1918, 116, 588, RG 120, NARA.

5. R, V C IG, AEF, 5 O 1918,

: E R Dv I, 91

Dv, 1, 590, RG 120, NARA.

6. M, L C J. C. MI, Av S-

, G Hq (GHQ), IG O,

The 329th Inantry undergoing bayonet training near Le Mans during its rst weekin France

Snarls such as this prevented the orward movement o critical supplies andprovided the perect conditions or stragglers to ade into the lumbering crowd.

NationalArchives

NationalArchives



L C R. G. P, I, I C, 10

Nv 1918, : S, 8, 590,

RG 120, NARA.

7. B. G. H H. Bz, History

o the Provost Marshal Generals Department,

American Expeditionary Forces (C,

F: AEF Pv M, 15 A 1919),

. 6.

8. R, C O (CO), 2 Pv- M P (MP) B, S A,

Pv M, S A, : R

A M D. 31, 1918,

84, 918, RG 120, NARA.

9. R, 2 O 1918, : I

37 Dv, 2, 590, RG 120, NARA.

10. A B M C-

, Te 37th Division Summary o Operations

in the World War(W D.C.: Gv-

P O, 1944), . 19.

11. L C M, P C-

, S Ev, 1 C,

S. M Ov M-A O-

v (L, F A C Hq-

, 20 J 1919), F A S, C

A R L (CARL) Av, F

Lv, K.

12. I.

13. C A.W. F, A

S 5 A C

S. M Ov M-A

Ov 1918 (L, F A C

Hq, 27 J 1919), F A S,

CARL Av, F Lv, K.

14. Mj G G B. D, G M-

82 Dv A-M

Ov (L, 3 F 1919), F A S,

CARL Av, F Lv, K.

15. Bz,History o Provost Marshal, . 8.

16. M, AEF IG AEF C S,

21 O 1918, : Ov Iv-

A M I G

R S U S

A O F A,

113, 588, RG 120, NARA.

17. T H. B,Along the Road(N

Y: D, M C, 1924), . 69.

18. M, S A Pv M C Pv M Dv

APM, 9 Nv 1918, 83, 55, RG

120, NARA.

19. R, : S A O-

2831 1 Nv 1918 C

A, 313 MP, A Pv M, S,

F, A C, 117 MP, B, C, D

C, 1 A MP BN, H , 2

Cv, 269, 865, RG 120, NARA.

20. R, I, 33 Dv, Mj G

B, IG, AEF, 14 O 1918, : R

S P, 8, 590, RG

120, NARA.

21. v q 82

89. W W, Meuse-Argonne

Diary: A Division Commander in World War

(C: Uv M P,

2004), . 23. M, F O, IG,

F A, : Iv S

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G. G 16 O


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M, R, ., 4, 590, RG

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56. R, IG, 1 Dv, : R I-

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68. P C W. F, 112 I, 28

Dv, USAMHI WWI V Sv.

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27/5627

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28/56

A Critical

but MissingPiece

Educating OurProfessional

Military onthe Historyof Islam

Adm. Michael G. Mullen, chairman o the Joint Chies o Sta, addresses aculty and students at the U.S. Army Command and GeneralSta College at Fort Leavenworth.


29/5629

By Adam Oler

introduction

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If you wouldunderstand anything,observe its beginningand its development.

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C. A , , j, -q v v, - K E. H M E v j v O M CK, U.S. E . H SA. C O N W C.

T U.S.

A W C S 2011

Parameters, v. 41, . 1. I

v , v

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83. B, Banking on Baghdad, . 48.84. W R. P, Understanding Iran

(N Y: Pv MM, 2009), . 30.

85. C A, Gods errorists: Te Wah-

habi Cult and Hidden Roots o Modern Jihad

(C, M.: D C P, 2006), .

4668, 300.

86. A, How to Win a Cosmic War, . 109.

87. W, Te Looming ower, . 17475;

A, Destiny Disrupted, .163.

88. W, Te Looming ower, . 17475.

89. A, Destiny Disrupted, . 163.

90. Dv, Dont Know Much About History,

. 507.

91. S, , W, I-

F F, S V C

V A Jz; W S, W

S, D L W-

M A N M

M, Los Angeles imes, 13 M 2006;

A C, R C I

R V, M, Washington

Post, 22 F 2002.

92. R S, Te Politically Incorrect

Guide to Islam (and the Crusades)(W,

D.C.: R P, 2005). Az

Te Politically Incorrect Guide to Islam

- I, ://

.z.////12522/

=_z___1_3 ( 10 M 2011).

93. I., . 3345, 7984.

94. K R. P, he Poverty o His-

toricism (N Y: H & R, 1961),

. 166.

95. L. D, Foreign Aairs Strategy:

Logic or American Statecra(N Y: C-

Uv P, 2007), . 118.


. 372.97. I., . 57, 97, 373.

98. I., . 68, 369; E, Islam: Te

Straight Path, . 38.

99. L, Te Middle East, . 21012. S

E, Islam: Te Straight Path, . 38.


.272.

101. C, A Brie History o the

Middle East, . 14553.

102. E W. S, Orientalism (N

Y: V B, 1979), . 368.

103. B L, Islam and the West

(N Y: O Uv P, 1993),

. 99118.

104. S, ,R I, Danger-

ous Knowledge: Orientalism and Its Discontents

(W, N.Y.: Ov P, 2006); J

A, C Uv H ES W C O, Te

Washington Report on Middle East Aairs 28,

. 1 (1 J 2009): 4445.

105. S, Te Politically Incorrect Guide

to Islam. S R S, Te ruth

about Muhammad: Founder o the Worlds

Most Intolerant Religion (W, D.C.:

R P, 2006); M N I

H I, Wall

Street Journal, 15 D 2009; W R:

A D I A,

Womens Health Law Weekly, 21 S 2008.

106. J. S M, I W

G E. F A W

W I? Examiner.com, 23 J 2010.

107. G E. F, A World Without

Islam (N Y: L, B C.,

2010), . 328.

108. R P, Te Arab Mind (N

Y: S, 1973).

109. L F. J, A M

R P: B Rv, CIA H-

Rv P (2 J 1996), ://

..v//----

-/-/v183//

v1 8 3 06 _ 00 01 . ( 21 M

2011).

110. I.

111. J M, Te Dark Side: Te Inside

Story o How the War on error urned into a

War on American Ideals (N Y: D-

, 2008), . 16768.

112. R J. Gzz, P A

G, Anthropology oday 23, . 5 (O-

2007): 23.

113. R R. R, he Closing o the

Muslim Mind: How Intellectual Suicide Created

the Modern Islamist Crisis (W, D.:ISI B, 2010).

114. U.S. D D, Chair-

man o the Joint Chies o Sta Instruction

1900.01D, Oicer Proessional Military

Education Policy (W D.C.: U.S.

D D, 15 J 2009), .

2, A-A-5.

115. E M, Who Speaks

or Islam?. 61.


39/5639

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, , v v, v -. z2012 M,W, 21 A . D U.S. A C M H 2010. H Fort Riley andIts Neighbors: Military Money andEconomic Development, 18531894

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- v U S A. H Dratee Division: he 88thInantry Division in World War II(L, K., 1986).

Continued from page 5



the Army, 19892005, J B ( A U S A 2011 AM ); hen Came the Fire: Personal

Accounts rom the Pentagon, 11 September 2001, S

L; Engineers at War A ; D A H S F Y 2000, 2001, 2002; U.S. A C S P RL G D, v CMH S G, CMH P C, 2011 A HD, Quarters One.

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The Chiefs CornerRobert J. Dalessandro

Continued from page 3

comIng soonFrom cmh...

AN ELUSIVE GOAL


41/5641

Daily Lives of Civilians in WartimeTwentieth Century Europe

Edited by Nicholas Atkin

Greenwood Press, 2008

Pp. xlv, 231. $65

Review by Andrew T. Wackeruss

T G P , D

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- : v , q.Ov, v v E .

Dr. Andrew T. Wackeruss A F HS O W, D.C. H E P.D. G Uv, - j .

Americas School for War: Fort

Leavenworth, Ofcer Education,

and Victory in World War II

By Peter J. Schifferle

University Press of Kansas, 2010

Pp. xi, 295. $39.95

Review by Edgar F. Raines Jr.

IAmericas School or War, P J.S C G S S

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q . H P Lv L Lv. S v P A E F z . B U.S. A -

z , P B F v q.

q v , , z. AmericasSchool or War q , j - U.S. . T U-

v P K v -v v , v , v .

Dr. Edgar F. Raines Jr. v U.S. A C M H. H Te Army and the Joint Chies oSta: Evolution o Army Ideas on theCommand, Control, and Coordinationo the U.S. Armed Forces, 19421985(CMH, 1986) Eyes oArtillery: Te Origins o Modern U.S.Army Aviation in World War II(CMH,2000) he Rucksack War: U.S.Army Operational Logistics in Grenada,1983 (CMH, 2010).



Engineering Security: The Corps

of Engineers and Third System

Defense Policy, 18151861

By Mark A. Smith

University Alabama Press, 2009

Pp. x, 266. $54

Review by David J. UlbrichI Engineering Security,

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. H C E W- S - Proession o Arms: Te Army OcerCorps, 17841861 (L, K.,1992). W ,S v RK Eagle and Sword: Te Begin-

nings o the Military Establishment inAmerica (N Y, 1975). B, v zB L Echo o Battle: Te ArmysWay o War(C, M., 2007) Engineering Security. L FA C E . L S - v

1815. I q , L - vv vvv . L - , - S v . I

S L , Echo o Battle .

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, C E . I v -z U.S. A.

Dr. David J. Ulbrich U.S. A ES F L W,M. H v P.D. Uv.B j E S

2009, v C F Dv O HPj, - http://media.library.ohiou.edu/cantigny/ O Uv.

The Legacy of the Great War:

Ninety Years On

Edited by Jay Winter

University of Missouri Press, 2009

Pp. xiv, 217. $19.95

Review by Brian F. Neumann

W W W I , v .B -v, he Legacy o the Great War

v vv j. U Cv W W W II, v -vv , W W I v v. T q. E J

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(N Y, 1975), - z . W, v, j q . N , , v j V .B

, v -v z .

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1960 v V v .F, W v- v j . I ,

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Normandy: The Landings to the

Liberation of Paris

By Olivier WieviorkaTranslated by M. B. DeBevoiseBelknap Press of Harvard University

Press, 2008Pp. xv, 446. $29.95

Review by Peter J. Schierle

Y N- v? I v W WII? T q .B Ov Wv Normandy:Te Landings to the Liberation o Paris -, v , , v


47/5647

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v , - v. H G -- -v, B. H. L H, G A, G A - W A,v , Wv , G v z 10 .

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Dr. Peter J. Schiferle, A,

S Av M S,U.S. A C GS C. H , Ame ricasSchool or War: Fort Leavenworth,Ocer Education, and Victory in WorldWar II(L, K., 2010), A H F2010 . H U.S. A v 1917 1945.

Combat Ready? The Eighth U.S.

Army on the Eve of the Korean War

By Thomas E. Hanson

Texas A&M University Press, 2010

Pp. xviii, 158. $45

Review by William M. Donnelly

I Combat Ready? heEighthU.S.Army on the Eve o the Korean War,L. C. E. H v E U.S. A KW, v EA v 1950 (. 12). v E A

j v. v H F S , .R. F his Kind o War

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U.S. A K W .

Dr. William M. Donnelly, U.S. A C M H, v P.D. O S Uv.H We Can Do It:Te 503d Field Artillery Battalion inthe Korean War(CMH, 2000), UnderArmy Order s: he Army NationalGuard during the Korean War(C

S, ., 2001), ransorming anArmy at War: Designing the ModularForce, 19912005 (CMH, 2007), Journal oMilitary History.

An Loc: The Unnished War

By General Tran Van Nhut with

Christian L. Arevian

Texas Tech University Press, 2009

Pp. xiii, 227. $27.95

Review by Nathaniel L. Moir

An Loc: he Uninished War - VW 1972 EOv. , G V N, S V- M (19541964) A (19641975), v vv v . S, A R V (ARVN)

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51/5651

Capt. Nathaniel L. Moir, U.S. ARv, . H - A 2011 1 B, 101 A Dv, Bz S - . H

1 B O Enduring Freedom X/XI.H C C SP Nv PS M, C.

No Sure Victory: Measuring U.S.

Army Effectiveness and Progress in

the Vietnam War

By Gregory A. Daddis

Oxford University Press, 2011

Pp. xix, 334. $34.95

Review by Andrew J. Birtle

O : - , v ,

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Dr. Andrew J. Birtle M O B U.S. A C M H v A V W. H U.S. A v V 1961 1965.


53/5653

ARMYHISTORY

Army Historywelcomes articles, essays, and commentaries o between 2,000 and 12,000words on any topic relating to the history o the U.S. Army or to wars and confictsin which the U.S. Army participated or by which it was substantially infuenced. The Armyshistory extends to the present day, and Army Historyseeks accounts o the Armys actions inongoing conficts as well as those o earlier years. The bulletin particularly seeks writing thatpresents new approaches to historical issues. It encourages readers to submit responses toessays or commentaries that have appeared in its pages and to present cogent arguments onany question (controversial or otherwise) relating to the history o the Army. Such contributionsneed not be lengthy. Essays and commentaries should be annotated with endnotes, preerably

embedded, to indicate the sources relied on to support actual assertions. Preerably, amanuscript should be submitted as an attachment to an e-mail sent to the managing editorat [email protected].

Army Historyencourages authors to recommend or provide illustrations to accompanysubmissions. I authors wish to supply photographs, they may provide them in a digital ormatwith a minimum resolution o 300 dots per inch or as photo prints sent by mail. Authors shouldprovide captions and credits with all images. When urnishing photographs that they did nottake or any photos o art, authors must identiy the owners o the photographs and artworksto enable Army Historyto obtain permission to reproduce the images.

Although contributions by e-mail are preerred, authors may submit articles, essays,commentaries, and images by mail to Bryan Hockensmith, Managing Editor, Army History, U.S.

Army Center o Military History, 103 Third Avenue, Fort Lesley J. McNair, D.C. 20319-5058.



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