Ark Elvin Academy

Year 8 Science Study Pack

Spring assessment 2017

Name __________________

What I am going to be assessed on?

You will be assessed on everything that you have been taught so far in Year 8 in both the Autumn

(before Christmas) and Spring term (January and February) as well as everything from year 7.

To help you revise the key contents, use your own exercise book, this revision pack as well as BBC

Bitesize online resources. https://www.bbc.co.uk/education/subjects/zng4d2p

Cumulative content from Year 7 and Autumn term in year 8- Makes up 40% of the exam

Biology Cells, Structure and function of body systems, gas exchange and breathing, Reproduction in plants and animals, Health and lifestyle

Chemistry Particles, Diffusion, Elements, atoms and compounds, Chemical reactions, Acids and alkalis, Periodic Table

Physics Forces, Sound, Light, Space, Electricity and Magnetism

New content taught in January and February- Makes up 60% of the exam

Biology Topic- Ecosystem processes

Key concepts: Photosynthesis, leaves, respiration, food chain, ecosystem

Chemistry Topic- Separation techniques

Key concepts: Mixtures, solutions and solubility, filtration, evaporation and distillation, chromatography

Topic- Metals and acids

Key concepts: Reaction of metals with acids, oxygen and water, displacement reactions, extracting metals

Physics Topic- Energy

Key concepts: Energy and temperature, radiation, conduction, convection, energy resources, energy and power, work

How many exams will I have?

3 x 30 minutes papers

1 Biology exam, 1 Chemistry exam and 1 Physics exam

Biology Key knowledge:

Chemistry key knowledge:

Physics key knowledge:

Cells

1. Label the parts of this plant cell.

[1]

2. State one similarity and one difference between an animal cell and a plant cell.

Similarity: ___________________________________________________________________________________

Difference: __________________________________________________________________________________ [1]

3. Which part of a cell:

a) controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell? ________________________________________ [1]

b) contains cell sap to keep the cell firm? __________________________________________________________ [1]

c) controls the activities of the cell? _______________________________________________________________ [1]

4. The diagram shows a sperm cell. Sperm cells carry male genetic material.

State and explain one adaptation that helps a sperm to carry out its function.

___________________________________________________________________________________________ [1]

5. Look at the diagram of Euglena.

a) Give two pieces of evidence which suggest that it is an animal cell rather than a plant cell.

1) _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1]

2) _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1]

b) How can you tell from the diagram that Euglena makes its own food?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________ [2]

Total: _____ /10

Forces

1. A student carried out an experiment by putting weights on the end of a spring. After each weight was added, the length of the spring was carefully measured. The results are summarised below.

Weight added to spring (N)

2 4 6 8 10

Extension of spring (cm)

21 25 29 33 37

Use the data to suggest the value for the extension of the spring with a weight of 15 N. Answer: ____________________________________________ [1]

2. Which example shows unhelpful friction?

A Friction between the chain and axles of a bike

B Friction between paper and the point of a pencil

C Friction between a tyre and the road

D Friction between your shoes and the floor [1]

3. State of the following would not help to reduce the drag and frictional forces on a track cyclist?

A Crouching down low on the bicycle

B Wearing a streamlined helmet

C Using smooth, narrow tyres

D Wearing baggy clothes [1]

4. A student investigated how the type of surface affects the force needed to move it down a ramp.

5. What happens to the air resistance on a car as the car goes faster?

A It decreases

B It stays the same

C It increases [1]

6. What is the weight of a 20 kg box on the Earth?

A 2 N

B 20 N

C 200 N

D 20 kg [1]

What was the independent variable in this investigation?

_____________________________________________________________________ [1]

7. A cricket ball is weighed using a newton meter. On Earth the cricket ball has a weight of 1.5 N.

The force of gravity on the Moon is much less than it is on Earth. An astronaut on the Moon decides to weigh the cricket ball.

Describe what would happen to the weight and the mass of the cricket ball on the Moon.

____________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________ [2]

8. The picture shows a bird flying at a constant speed. What can you say about the forces acting on it?

A there must only be one force acting on it

B the forces must be balanced

C the forward force is greater than the backward force

D there are no forces acting on it [1]

9. A school bus is slowing down as it comes to a stop sign.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the forces acting on the school bus while it is slowing down but still moving forward?

A As long as the school bus is still moving forward, the forward force of the school bus has not run out

B As long as the school bus is still moving forward, any forces moving it forward would have to be stronger than any forces slowing it down

C If the school bus is slowing down, any forces moving it forward would have to be weaker than any forces slowing it down

D If the school bus is slowing down, any forces moving it forward would have to be the same strength as any forces slowing it down [1]

Total: ___ /10

Reactions – 1

1. Which of the following is not an example of a chemical reaction?

A Dissolving sugar in a cup of tea B Gas burning on a stove

C Frying an egg D A metal fizzing in acid

[1]

2. Tick the two correct statements about all chemical reactions:

□ New substances are made

□ Chemical reactions happen very quickly

□ Energy is transferred to or from the surroundings

□ Are always reversible

[1]

3. State three signs of a chemical reaction

a. ________________________________________________________

b. ________________________________________________________

c. ________________________________________________________

[1]

4. Magnesium burns in air. It reacts with oxygen to produce magnesium oxide.

a. Complete the word equation for this chemical reaction.

b. Draw particle diagrams to show the reactants and products. Use a different colour for each reactant.

______________________ ______________________ ________________________________

[2]

5. Methane is a compound of carbon and hydrogen. Its chemical formula is CH4. When it burns it that reacts with

oxygen in the air.

Write a word equation for the reaction of methane with oxygen.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

6. Burning is an example of an oxidation reaction.

a. What is meant by the term ‘oxidation’?

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

b. Give one other example of an oxidation reaction.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

7. An experiment was carried out to find out which fuel releases the most energy.

Identify one source of error in this experiment and suggest how you improve this method to reduce the error.

Error:

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

Improvement to method to reduce the error.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

Total: ___ /10

Reactions - 2

1. When hydrogen peroxide is heated it thermally decomposes to form oxygen and water. The word equation for the

reaction is shown below.

hydrogen peroxide oxygen and water

Use the word equation to explain why this is a decomposition reaction.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

2. a. Complete the word equation for the thermal decomposition of copper carbonate.

Copper carbonate copper oxide + _____________________________________

Cold water was measured into a copper calorimeter - a small metal can.

The starting temperature of the water was recorded.

The water is heated using the flame from the burning fuel.

The final temperature of the water was recorded.

[1]

b. Describe how you would test for the presence of the product you have stated above.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

3. What is meant by the term ‘conservation of mass’?

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

4. A student heats 12.5 g zinc carbonate. It decomposes to make 8.1 g zinc oxide. Calculate the mass of carbon

dioxide made.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

5. Methane gas (CH4) reacts with oxygen (O2) in a combustion reaction to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water

(H2O). Write a balanced symbol equation for this reaction.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[2]

6. The table below shows the temperature of two reaction mixtures before and after a chemical reaction.

Reaction Initial temperature °C Final temperature °C Temperature difference °C

A Ammonium nitrate + water

21 10 -11

B Calcium + hydrochloric acid

21 67 46

a. Which reaction, A or B, is exothermic?

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

b. Explain your answer.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[2]

Total: ___ /10

Sound

1. Complete the sentences by circling the correct answer:

a. The loudness of a sound depends on the amplitude/frequency of the wave.

b. The pitch of a sound depends on the amplitude/frequency of the wave.

[1]

2. The table below shows the lowest and highest frequencies that five living things can hear.

living

thing

lowest frequency

(Hz)

highest frequency

(Hz)

human 20 20 000

sparrow 300 20 000

dog 20 45 000

cat 20 64 000

rabbit 300 42 000

a. Which three living things from the table cannot hear a frequency of 43 000 Hz?

____________________________ and____________________________ and ____________________________

[1]

b. From the table, choose the living thing that can hear the biggest range of frequencies.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

3. Three waves are shown below.

Wave A Wave B Wave C

a. Which wave has the highest pitch?

________________________

[1]

b. Which wave is the loudest?

________________________

[1]

4. On the diagram below, draw an arrow and label the eardrum.

[1]

b) What is the function of the ear drum?

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

5. Define the term ‘ultrasound’ and state one of its uses.

Definition:

______________________________________________________________________________________________

Use:

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

6. The diagram shows a boat using an echo sounder. It sends a pulse of sound waves which is reflected from the sea

bottom. The reflected sound waves are detected by a sensitive microphone.

The time between sending and receiving the pulse is 0.03 s. The device calculates the depth of the sea, using the

speed of sound in sea water, which is 1500 m/s.

Calculate the depth of the sea. Show your working.

Depth of sea = ______________________ m

[2]

Total: ___ /10

Reproduction

1. The diagram below shows the main parts of a flower. Label the different parts of the flower using the list below.

anther filament ovary stigma style petal

2. Pollination is the:

A transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma

B transfer of ovules from the stigma to the anther

C transfer of seeds from the anther to the stigma

D the transfer of pollen from the stigma to the anther

[1]

3. Describe and explain one adaptation of a typical insect pollinated flower.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

[2]

4. Match these methods of seed dispersal to their description.

wind dispersal The seeds can float.

animal dispersal The seeds are sticky and can stick to fur.

water dispersal The seeds have parachutes or wings

explosive dispersal The seeds burst out.

[1]

5. Which process is shown by the diagram below?

A Pollination

B Germination

C Fertilisation

D Seed dispersion

[1]

6. The diagram below shows an investigation into germination.

What conclusion can you make about the conditions needed for germination?

______________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________

[2]

Total: ___ /10

Acids and alkalis

1. Complete the general word equation to show the reaction between an acid and a base.

acid + base __________________ + _________________

[1]

2. What type of reaction is shown above?

A Indicator

B Neutralisation

C Thermal decomposition

D Combustion

[1]

3. If you mixed a solution of pH 10 with one of pH 2, suggest a value for the final pH.

_________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

4. If you have a solution of pH 5 and dilute it with water, what will happen to the pH number?

_________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

5. Complete the word equation:

sulphuric acid + sodium hydroxide _________________ + water

[1]

6. Complete the word equation:

____________________ + ___________________ sodium nitrate + hydrogen

[1]

7. Bees and wasps are both insects which use a sting as part of their defence.

The pH values of their stings are shown on the diagrams.

The table shows five household substances and the PH of each substance.

Give the name of one substance in the table which would neutralise each sting.

(a) Bee sting

_________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

(b) Wasp sting

_________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

8. Sodium chloride can be produced by reacting hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide.

Number the steps in this method in the correct order from 1 to 6. The first one has been done for you.

Add charcoal to remove indicator

The water will evaporate, leaving sodium chloride crystals

1 Add 10cm3 hydrochloric acid to 10cm3 sodium hydroxide

Heat the solution slowly

Test the solution with universal indicator – the solution should be green.

Filter the mixture to remove the charcoal

[2]

Total: ___ /10

Light

1. Label the diagram of the eye using these words.

[3]

2. Fill in the sentences below using these words.

The controls the amount of light entering your eye.

A signal travels along the to your brain.

The is the hole where light enters your eye.

The lens and the focus light that enters your eye.

[2]

3. The diagram below shows a white light passing through a prism and forming a spectrum on a white screen.

a. Why do we see a spectrum of different colours?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[2]

Iris cornea retina lens optic nerve

cornea pupil optic nerve iris

b. A pupil puts a red filter in the ray of white light. What happens to the spectrum?

Put a tick in the correct box.

All the spectrum turns red.

All the spectrum disappears.

The red part disappears but the rest stays the same.

The red part of the spectrum stays the same but the other colours disappear.

[1]

c. What would happen if you put a blue filter in the ray of light coming from the red filter? Explain your answer.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

[2]

Total: ___ /10

Energy 1

1. The table below shows the energy stored in different foods.

a. State the unit of measurement of energy.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

b. Which two foods store the same amount of energy?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

c. Running uses up 50 kJ energy per minute

Calculate, in minutes, how long you would have to run for to work off a 200g chocolate bar.

Answer: _____________________________________ minutes

[2]

2. State the names of three fuels, other than food.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

[1]

3. You can keep track of energy using the idea of energy stores.

Match the statements below by drawing lines from a statement on the left to a type of store on the right.

A skier is higher up the mountain.

thermal store

A battery has more usable chemicals.

gravity store

A spring is stretched more.

kinetic store

A ball is moving faster.

chemical store

Water in a saucepan is hotter.

elastic store

[1]

4. A light bulb changes electrical energy to heat and light energy. If you could measure all the heat and light energy

produced, how much energy would there be compared to the electrical energy it used?

more electrical energy than heat and light energy

the same amount of electrical energy as heat and light energy

less electrical energy than heat and light energy

[1]

5. A ball is rolling downhill. Think about the ball at the top of the hill and then at the bottom of the hill when it is

still

moving.

Complete the statements by adding the word ‘more’ or ‘less’.

Before After

Ball at top of hill Ball at bottom of hill

_____________energy in gravitational store _____________energy in gravitational store

_____________energy in kinetic store _____________energy in kinetic store

_____________energy in thermal store _____________energy in thermal store

[1]

6. The diagram shows the energy transfers that take place in a TV.

Calculate the amount of energy dissipated as heat. Show your working.

Answer: ___________ J/s

[2]

Ecosystems:

1. Most organisms use aerobic respiration to transfer the energy stored in food to their cells.

a Complete the word equation for aerobic respiration.

glucose + → +

[1]

b State where respiration takes place in the cell.

[1]

c Describe two differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

[2]

2. Read these sentences.

Along a seashore, seagulls hunt for crabs and starfish. Limpets and periwinkles can only feed on seaweed

when they are covered by water. When the tide goes out, these animals are protected by shells. Limpets are

eaten by starfish. Crabs eat periwinkles.

a Use the sentences above to draw a food web in the space below.

[2]

b Fill in this table using organisms from your food web.

Type of organism Example from the food web above

producer

herbivore

consumer

predator

[1]

Total: _____ /10

3. Which of these things will not cause the number of rabbits in a population to decrease?

A There are more lettuces for rabbits to eat.

B More rabbits are eaten by foxes.

C Less rabbits produce offspring.

D More rabbits catch a fatal disease.

[1]

4. This diagram shows the number of organisms in a food chain. Which of the following food chains does it represent?

A grass rabbit fox

B grass sheep flea

C oak tree caterpillar bird

D lettuce slug bird

[1]

5. Here is a list of things found in a particular habitat.

blackbird rotting log snail plant rock tree

Which of these things form an ecosystem?

A the rock and the rotting log

B the rock, the log, the bird and the snail

C the bird, the snail, the plant and the tree

D all of them

[1]

6. The table shows the concentrations of mercury found in a lake environment.

Pike eat other small fish. Otters eat fish exclusively. Mink eat fish and land mammals. Otters are often affected by

symptoms of mercury poisoning.

Concentration

of mercury (μg/g)

water < 0.001

small fish

0.02

pike 0.35

mink 2.19

otter 3.72

Total: _____ /10

Explain why otters have such a high concentration of mercury in their

tissues.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

[1]