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ARGOMENTI DI TESI

5.8 GHz FMCW RADAR

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Radar MIMO 5.8 GHz

Radar Realization

HMC587LC4B: VCO, Analog Devices.

HMC407MS8G: POWER AMPLIFIER, Analog Devices.

HMC344ALP3E: SWITCH SP4T, Analog Devices.

HMC392ALC4: LNA, Analog Devices.

HMC557A : MIXER, Analog Devices.

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INOUT

LO

MIXER_BID=A2MODE=DIFFLOMULT=1FCOUT= RFIFRQ= GCONV=-10 dBP1DB=30 dBmIP3=50 dBmLO2OUT=-25 dBIN2OUT=-20 dBLO2IN=-25 dBOUT2IN=-25 dBPLO=10 dBmPLOUSE=Spur reference onlyPIN=-10 dBmPINUSE=IN2OUTH OnlyNF=10 dBNOISE=Auto

LPFBID=F2LOSS=0 dBN=12FP=10 MHzNOISE=Auto

ISOLATORID=S3LOSS=0 dBISOL=30 dBNOISE=AutoZINP=_Z0 OhmZOUTP=_Z0 Ohm

TPID=IF

AMP_BID=A4GAIN=40 dBP1DB=30 dBmIP3= IP2= MEASREF= OPSAT= NF=3 dBNOISE=AutoRFIFRQ=

AMP_BID=A5GAIN=20 dBP1DB=30 dBmIP3= IP2= MEASREF= OPSAT= NF=1.6 dBNOISE=AutoRFIFRQ=

BPFBID=F1LOSS=0 dBN=7FP1=5975 MHzFP2=5995 MHzAP=0.1 dBNOISE=Auto

TPID=RX

Combiner

LNA

Coupler

Received Signal

Coupler

(in microseconds)

TX

Butterworth BPFDoubleBalance Mixer

I

Butterworth LPF

TX

Isolator

Reference Signal

PA

Q

Test Point

Leakage

VariableTunable Delay

Delay

Circulator

VariableAttenuator

Ambient noise

DELAY=2.2

TPID=TX1

12

3

C2RIID=A7

TPID=TP1

LOADID=S5Z=_Z0 Ohm

RFATTENID=S4LOSS=30 dBNOISE=Auto

TPID=TP2

1 2

3

DCOUPLER_3ID=S9LOSS=0 dBLOSSTYP=InsertionC=30 dBVSWR=1NOISE=AutoZ=_Z0 Ohm

CHIRPGENERATOR

fc-f

+f

1

CHIRP_LFMID=A6SIGPWR=10 dBmPRF=25KDUTYCYCLE=25RISEPCT=100NIPB=1FSTART=5975 MHzFSTOP=5995 MHzSMPFRQ=75 MHz

1 2

3

CIRCULATORID=S6LOSS=0 dBISOLTYP=AlwaysISOL=30 dBVSWR=1NOISE=AutoZ=_Z0 Ohm

1 2

3

DCOUPLER_3ID=S10LOSS=0 dBLOSSTYP=InsertionC=130 dBVSWR=1NOISE=AutoZ=_Z0 Ohm

12

3

COMBINERID=S8LOSS= SIGTYP=VoltageNIN=2CTRFRQ= PRIMINP=1ISOL=30 dBNOISE=Auto

AWGNID=A1PWR=-174PWRTYP=Single-sided PSD (dBm/Hz)LOSS=0 dB

DELAYID=A3DLY=DELAY*1e-6 sIVAL=0

VSS (MWO)

5960 5965 5970 5975 5980 5985 5990 5995 6000 6005

Frequency (MHz)

TX Spectrum

-30

-20

-10

0

10

5985.02 MHz

DB(PWR_SPEC(TP.TX1,0.25,4,0.25,4,0.1,10,-1,1,0,0,0,0,0)) (dBm)

Chirp System

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Frequency (MHz)

IF Output

-70

-65

-60

-55

-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

4.606 MHz

DB(PWR_SPEC(TP.IF,0 .25 ,4 ,0 .2 5 ,2 ,0 .1 ,10 ,-1 ,1 ,2 ,4 ,0 ,0 ,0 )) (d Bm )

Ch irp Sy s tem

VSS Results

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24 GHz FMCW RADAR

BGT24MTR11

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Acquisizione ed elaborazione segnale radar

0

2

4

6

8

10

0 2 4 6 8 10

TheoryMeasurement

RM

EA

S (

m)

REQ

(m)

Campi di Applicazione

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ADF4159 della Analog Devices (PLL)

ADRF5045 dell’Analog Devices (switch)

TX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4

Integrated Devices

RF Board

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Altium Designer

STEP FREQUENCY RADAR 1-3 GHz

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Through The Wall radar Imaging

Inversion algorithms (Delay and Sum)Pixel intensity

𝐼 𝑖, 𝑗 = σ𝑘=1𝑁𝑝𝑜𝑠σ𝑙=1

𝑁𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑺𝟐𝟏 𝑙 𝑒𝑗

2𝜋

𝜆𝑑(𝑘)𝑒𝑗

2𝜋

𝜆𝐷

d(k) is the transmitting antenna-pixel-receiving antenna distanceD is the delay between the excitation ports and the physical ones antenna ports

For taking into account the refraction caused by the wall the Fermat’s principle can be implemented by minimising a function depending on the wallpermittivity:

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16 antennas, lambda/4 DAS Algorithm

-3dB

R = 54 cm

Experimental Set-UpPNA E3683C

Pasternack

DAC

ANTENNAS

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Experimental Result

ELECTRONPARAMAGNETIC

RESONANCE

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Modulation field homogeneity

Helmholtz coils were designed and the modulation field homogeneity was investigated.

Original

Peaks were observed in

correspondence of air-metal interfaces.

Optimized

The structures were

optimized.

Higher homogeneity was

obtained.

Construction of the TE111

cavityThe structure was divided in three different parts:

The resonator

The lid

The coupling

unit

The cavity was manufactured in the mechanical workshop of the ISS, by mechanical specialists, using pure brass (instead of silver).

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Experimental results

The cavity was tested using an Agilent E8363C

Precision Network Analyzer (PNA)

In order to estimate the losses introduced by the waveguide, a fitting routine was used.

Results obtained:

Measurements

24

The efficacy of the whole system was tested by using,as sample material, a powder of stable free-radicalmolecules (DPPH), positioned on an adhesive support in contact with the slit. The figure shows the signal recorded by the bruker spectrometer equipped with the realised open resonator.

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IMPEDENZIOMETRO MULTIFREQUENZA

Configurazione del sistema di misura

PC e Software AD9837

Batteria 12V

Batteria 12V

PCB

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SCHEMATICO DEL CIRCUITO Howland

DDS

PULSE TRANSIT TIME

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AFE4490 TEXAS INSTRUMENTSPULSOSSSIMETRO

Olimex (ECG)