Argentina emerging from crisis · Argentinian authorities with the collaboration of the social...

Argentina emerging from crisis

Special Event

International Labour Conference

14 June 2004

Copyright © International Labour Organization 2004

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Argentina emerging from crisis / Argentina saliendo de las crisis ISBN 92-2-016170-2 (print) ISBN 92-2-016173-7 (web) First published 2004

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ii

PREFACE

On 14 June 2004, the InFocus Programme on Crisis Response and Reconstruction (IFP/CRISIS), together with the ILO Buenos Aires Office, Policy Integration Department and Lima Regional Office, and with the active participation of the Ministry of Labour, Employment and Social Security and representatives of workers’ and employers’ organizations of Argentina, organized a special event on the theme of “Argentina Emerging from Crisis”. This event took place under the auspices of the 92nd Session of the International Labour Conference and comprised three parts: the inauguration of an exhibition on the theme “Argentina: Confronting the Impact of Globalization”; a round table discussion, with contributions from prominent figures from Argentina and abroad, on the theme “Argentina: from Crisis to New Opportunities for Decent Work”; and the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding to launch the National Decent Work Programme.

The event included an examination of the events leading up to the crisis and the latter’s socio-economic consequences, as well as the responses put forward by the Argentinian authorities with the collaboration of the social partners and technical assistance from the ILO. This also provided the opportunity to highlight the role of Decent Work as part of an effective response to the crisis and for achieving sustainable economic and social development, social peace, democracy, and a fair globalization that benefits all countries and individuals. Argentina is the country that is most explicitly integrating Decent Work into its development strategy, by making it an integral component of its policies and actions.

This report provides a detailed summary of the presentations, and highlights their central themes and conclusions.

Thanks are due to all the speakers for their valuable contributions to this event: the Minister of Labour, Employment and Social Security, Carlos Tomada; the representatives of the workers and employers of Argentina, Rodolfo Daer and Daniel Funes de Rioja; the economist Richard Freeman; the President of the 92nd Session of the International Labour Conference, Ray Guevara; and from the ILO, the Director-General, Juan Somavia; the Director of the Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean, Agustín Muñoz; the Director of the Policy Integration Department, Gerry Rodgers; the Director of the Recovery and Reconstruction Department, Rizwanul Islam; the Director of the ILO Office in Buenos Aires, Ana Lía Piñeyrua; and the Director of IFP/CRISIS, Eugenia Date-Bah.

The event’s resounding success showed the interest in Argentina’s efforts to recover from the crisis in a way that gives priority to social needs, as well as the will and commitment of the ILO to continue giving its support.

Daniel Martinez Ana Lia Piñeyrua Gerry Rodgers Eugenia Date-Bah Regional Director a.i. Director Director Director RO Lima ILO Buenos Aires INTEGRATION IFP/CRISIS

iii

“AREA” Programme

CGT

“CRISIS” Programme

ECLAC

EPH-INDEC

GDP

IFP/CRISIS

ILC

ILO

IMF

IPEC

MTESS

OAS

PJJH

RAF

SMEs

WB

WTO

UIA

GLOSSARY

Support to Employment Reactivation in Argentina Programme

General Confederation of Labour

Tackling Decent Work Challenges in the Argentinian Crisis

Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean

Permanent Households Survey – National Institute for Statistics and Censuses

Gross Domestic Product

InFocus Programme on Crisis Response and Reconstruction


International Labour Organization

International Monetary Fund

InFocus Programme on Child Labour

Ministry of Labour, Employment and Social Security

Organization of American States

Unemployed Men and Women Heads of Household Programme

Rapid Action Fund

Small and medium-sized enterprises

World Bank

World Trade Organization

Industrial Union of Argentina

iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE…………………………………………………………………… iii

GLOSSARY………………………………………………………………….... iv

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY…………………………………………………….. vii

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..... 1 PART I. INAUGURATION OF THE EXHIBITION…………………………… 3

OPENING…………………………………………………………………… 4

Riswanul Islam…………………………………………………………….. 4 Eugenia Date-Bah…………………………………………………………… 4 Agustín Muñoz……………………………………………………………… 5

OPENING OF THE EXHIBITION………………………………………… 6

Ana Lía Piñeyrua…………………………………………………………… 6

CLOSING…………………………………………………………………… 9

Carlos Tomada……………………………………………………………… 9

PART II. ROUND TABLE………...…………………………………………… 11

Gerry Rodgers…………………………………………………………........ 12

Richard Freeman…………………………………………………………..... 13

Rodolfo Daer……………………………………………………………........ 14

Daniel Funes da Rioja……………………………………………………… 15

Carlos Tomada....................................................................................... 16

Ray Guevara.......................................................................................... 18

Juan Somavia........................................................................................ 19

PART III. MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING………..………………. 21 ANNEXES

ANNEX I. Figures…………………………………………………………… 23

ANNEX II. Text of the Memorandum of Understanding….………….…. 27

ANNEX III. List of Participants…………………………………………….. 31

v

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

On 14 June 2004, under the auspices of the 92nd Session of the International Labour Conference, the InFocus Programme on Crisis Response and Reconstruction (IFP/CRISIS), together with the ILO Office in Buenos Aires, Policy Integration Department and Regional Office in Lima, organized a special event on “Argentina Emerging from Crisis” focusing on measures adopted within the framework of Decent Work in response to the serious economic and financial crisis that began in 2001.

The event began with the inauguration of an exhibition on “Argentina:

Confronting the impact of globalization”. This was followed by a round table discussion on the subject of “Argentina: From Crisis to new Opportunities for Decent Work”, with contributions from the Minister of Labour, Employment and Social Security, Mr. Carlos Tomada; the economist Richard Freeman; the representative of Argentina’s employers’ organizations, Mr. Daniel Funes de Rioja; the representative of Argentina’s workers’ organizations, Mr. Rodolfo Daer; the President of the 92nd Session of the International Labour Conference, Mr. Ray Guevara; and the Director-General of the ILO, Mr. Juan Somavia. The round table was chaired by Mr. Gerry Rodgers, Director of the ILO’s Policy Integration Department.

The inclusion of this event under the auspices of the International Labour

Conference and the high attendance testify to the importance of the subject. The case of Argentina and the positive results so far achieved in bringing about recovery, provide a crucial example of how the principles of social justice defended by the ILO can be applied in a specific crisis and how effective they can be.

Much remains to be done if full recovery and sustainable and equitable

development are to be achieved, and this will require close cooperation between institutions, the various socio-economic actors and the ILO. Following the round table, the Minister of Labour, representatives of Argentina’s workers and employers and the ILO Director-General signed a Memorandum of Understanding to launch the National Decent Work Programme.

The event highlighted a number of key points, lessons learned and

recommendations of general interest.

Argentina’s response in the context of Decent Work

• The reforms promoted by the IMF and World Bank have had dramatic consequences for Argentina’s labour market and undermined the redistributive and regulatory capacity of the State.

• The emergency is being tackled, not with traditional formulas but through action based on ILO principles.

vii

• The authorities are putting decent work at the centre of national development strategies, decision-making and policy.

• The Government’s response has been swift and has encompassed wage, employment and social inclusion measures.

• Income restoration policies are being harmonized with international commitments.

• The National Decent Work Programme focuses on employment promotion, income distribution, social protection, the elimination of child labour, and equality between the sexes, and is based on local economic development.

The response and role of the ILO

• The ILO has acted promptly from the beginning of the crisis; its rapid response has involved various technical and field offices and has been coordinated by the Director-General’s Office.

• The Organization has been able to mobilize significant resources, both internal and from donors.

• The initiatives undertaken have been wide-ranging in terms of technical areas and forms of cooperation.

• Integration of economic and social policies is being promoted.

• The strategy has given priority to decentralization, and in that context to ensuring coherence between national and local policies.

• Mobilization of tripartism has been a key tool.

• The ILO must assume a decisive policy role in defending workers by influencing the formulation of structural adjustment programmes.

• The ILO provides fora for discussion, where technical expertise and specific examples strengthen confidence in the new approach centred on decent work.

General observations and recommendations • Globalisation must be managed in a way that takes account of its impact on the

social dimension of countries and defends that dimension when necessary.

• Coordination of the multilateral system is crucial to preventing crises and responding effectively to them when they occur.

• IMF and World Bank programmes must include studies and statements on potential labour market impacts.

• The financial markets exert considerable influence on the labour market, not the other way round.

• The individuals and institutions directly concerned with the labour market require training on and familiarization with the financial markets to enable them to join in the debates and the formulation of structural adjustment programmes.

• Sustainable development is essential to the fulfilment of international commitments.

• Globalisation is fairer and more viable when the internal market is large and workers have high-quality jobs which enable them to be consumers.

viii

• Economic policies must be consistent with social policies and with policies to promote employment and training.

• Development of a work culture should be supported.

• Democracy and social justice require policies that take into account issues of social inclusion, employment and social services, as well as the eradication of informal work.

• Stability is economically, politically and socially indispensable.

• Social dialogue, collective bargaining and transparency between the social partners are crucial to achieving fair distribution, policy consensus and legitimacy of the State.

• Decent work is a guarantor of justice, social peace, stability, protection of workers, a more human and sustainable development, and a globalisation which can benefit all.

ix

INTRODUCTION

On 14 June 2004, under the auspices of the 92nd Session of the International Labour Conference, a special event was held on the theme of “Argentina Emerging from Crisis”.

The event began with the opening of an

exhibition on the theme of “Argentina: Confronting the Impact of Globalisation”, which was attended by more than ninety people and featured a visual presentation on the joint work done by the Government of Argentina and the International Labour Organization (ILO) in response to the most destructive effects of the economic crisis which broke out in Argentina at the end of 2001.

This was followed by a round table

discussion on the theme “Argentina: From Crisis to New Opportunities for Decent Work”, with contributions from distinguished panellists and attended by more than two hundred people.

The event closed with the signing of a

Memorandum of Understanding between representatives of the tripartite partners in Argentina and the ILO to launch the country’s National Decent Work Programme.

1

I. INAUGURATION OF THE EXHIBITION

“Argentina: Confronting the Impact of Globalisation”

3

Argentina’s problems linked to the way globalisation was managed

Mr. Islam observed that the economic, political and social problems faced by Argentina, and their repercussions on the labour market, are linked to the way in which the effects of globalisation were managed. He emphasized that the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalisation recognized the enormous potential of globalisation, but also saw its adverse consequences for the social dimension in countries if markets were opened up in an uncontrolled way.

The ILO’s response and that of its partners in Argentina – Government, workers and employers – has led to joint action to mitigate the devastating effects of one of the most destructive crises ever experienced by Argentina.

Riswanul Islam Director of the Recovery and Reconstruction, ILO

Eugenia Date-Bah Director of the InFocus Programme on Crisis Response and Reconstruction (IFP/CRISIS), ILO

OPENING

ILO intervention was appropriate, immediate and coordinated by the Director-General’s Office

Ms. Date-Bah indicated that ILO’s intervention in Argentina had been very appropriate, responding immediately to the request for a technical assistance programme. In addition, it was supported at the highest policy level within the Organization, as it was coordinated by the Director-General’s Office.

The programme has been devised to reflect the unique aspects and complexity

of the country’s crisis. In summary: • As a first measure, a rapid impact programme was implemented in

December 2001, to diagnose problems and adopt immediate solutions. • These analyses formed the basis of a new programme worked out with the

participation of various local actors. The CRISIS Programme (“Tackling Decent Work Challenges in the Argentinian Crisis”), which was launched in March 2003 and is still continuing, supported such measures as subsidies for the unemployed, restoration of a minimum wage and assessments of the impact of the crisis on the social protection system.

4

• In March 2004, the “AREA” Programme (“Support to Employment Reactivation in Argentina”), which is funded by the Italian Government, was devised with a view to enhancing local development, promoting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), supporting and improving employability, and stimulating social dialogue between the labour market actors.

The ILO would continue to provide Argentina with technical and policy assistance.

ILO will continue to support Argentina’s

recovery

Mr. Muñoz recalled that, in line with the established trends in Latin America

to defend and preserve democracy, and despite the serious instability that had resulted from the crisis, democracy in Argentina remained unshaken. The ILO, in order to correct the adverse effects of globalisation and maintain a functioning labour market, has supported the institutionalisation of social dialogue, which has played a fundamental role in the country’s recovery.

He recalled that there had been close collaboration and coordination of the

services of all ILO headquarters technical units, the Regional Office for the Americas in Lima, the Buenos Aires Area Office and the Multidisciplinary Team in Santiago.

He assured the local partners in Argentina of the ILO’s determination to

maintain its political and technical commitment, and of the existence of an institutional commitment to its constituents and to the people of Argentina.

Democracy in Argentina remained

unshaken

Institutional commitment to the

people of Argentina

Agustín Muñoz Director of the ILO Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean

5

OPENING OF THE EXHIBITION

Political and social upheaval at the end of 2001

Social inclusion, income and employment policies

1. D

2. T

Ana Lía Piñeyrua Director of the ILO Office in Buenos Aires

Ms. Piñeyrua described the exhibition, focusing on the most relevant aspects of the effects of the crisis, the Government’s response process, the ILO’s support, and finally the objectives and strategies of the new National Decent Work Programme.

imensions of the crisis in Argentina

The Argentinian crisis, which unleashed political and social upheaval towards the end of 2001, developed during the 1990s and became acute towards the end of that decade. During the period 2001-2002, unemployment increased (around 20 per cent) as did poverty (to more than 50 per cent of the population) (Appendix I, figure 1). Income distribution worsened, so that in 2002 the richest 10 per cent of families earned 49 times more than the poorest 10 per cent (Appendix I, fig. 2). At the same time, average wages fell in real terms by 27 per cent (Appendix I, figure 3).

he response process

The Government responded rapidly, with social inclusion, income and employment policies (Annex I, figure 4).

6

By including the promotion of decent work in the Millennium Development Goals, the Government of Argentina confirmed its strong political position and its commitment to the people of Argentina and the future of the nation.

In line with the commitment to the ILO to ensure decent work, the role of the State in implementing policies promoting decent work was revived. Various initiatives in that area (legislation, plans and programmes) were implemented in 2003-04 (Annex I, figure 5).

For its part, the Government relied on the support of the productive sector of Argentina. More than 200 enterprises joined the global pact to promote the principles of decent work.

There are already encouraging results: the creation of one million jobs in 2003 (6 per cent of the economically active population), the reintegration in employment of more than 150,000 beneficiaries of the Heads of Household Programme, and a 6.2 per cent decrease in the poverty rate (Annex I, figures 6, 7 and 8). 3. ILO support

ILO action took place th

• The Immediate Actionthrough the Rapid Actio

• The project “Tackling Crisis” (since February

• The “Integrated Support ProgramEmployment in Arg ril 2004, financed by the Italian Government)

• Other national an re the programme on eliminating child labour (with the InFocus Programme

romotion of small and medium-sized

based on a coordinated methodology (Anne

Policies promoting decent work

rough various plans, projects and programmes:

Plan (March 2002-February 2003, financed n Fund (RAF))

Decent Work Challenges in the Argentinian 2003, financed through crisis reserve funds)

me for the Reactivation of entina (AREA)” (since Ap

d gional collaboration projects, including

on Child Labour (IPEC)), the project “Trade Unions and Decent Work”, and the introduction of the concept of decent work into secondary school curricula and the academic social dialogue network.

ILO intervention was key in a number of technical areas, such as strengthening the development of employment policies, employability and labour integration, harmonization of economic and labour policies, income policies and social security and social protection policies, and encouraging social dialogue, local development and the p

enterprises.

The ILO provided an approach x I, figure 9), which included actions relating to strengthening of

institutions, re-establishing social dialogue, preparing evaluations and policy recommendations, as well as setting up statistical and records databases.

7

4. National Decent

Decent hea fArg idevelop

Social actors are the basis of the National Decent Work Programme

Work Programme

ent in response to the crisis cent work at the heart of the

Government of Argentina rogramme.

The background to that was the signing of a tripartite agreement between workers’ representatives

achieve decent work by

ncluded the promotion of als adopted in October 2003,

4 when the promotion of rity in the new labour

the Ministry of Labour the in national, provincial and

The National Decent Work Programme was officially launched on 14 June 2004 during the International Labour Conference (ILC).

t Work Programme are the ployment policies, and the

bour in priority areas that f strategies.

Priority areas are the promotion of employment and training through active employment policies, the regularization of unregistered employment and improvements in working conditions, improvements in employment income, the increase in social security coverage, the elimination of child labour and the promotion of greater gender equality in employment and income.

The National Decent Work Programme strategy is based on active participation by the social actors at the national, provincial and local levels and will use the existing network of national technical skills.

work at the In line with the actions taken by the Governmand the commitment to the ILO to place dert o the

ent nian ment strategy

development strategy, the mid-term objective of the is the implementation of a National Decent Work P

and strengthened that commitment in March 200decent work was included as a national prioadministration legislation. That legislation granted authority to promote the concept of decent work local policies.

The two lines of action of the National Decenintegration of other policy areas with labour and emintegration of the policies of the Ministry of Lafacilitate the decentralized implementation o

the Ministry of Labour and employers’ and (December 2002), where it was planned to implementing a National Decent Work Programme.

For its part, the Government of Argentina idecent work in the Millennium Development Go

8

CLOSING

Carlos Tomada M , EmSocial Security, Argentina

inister of Labour ployment and

Mr. Tomada thanked th particular IFP/CRISIS fo pport, the ILO Offices in Buenos ires, Lima and Santiago for thREA programme teams, overnment of Italy for its generous contribution and support. He invited elegates to move to the mee held and the Memorandumork Programme would be s

ILO interventione ILO for its rapid and effective intervention, and

r its ongoing su Rapid and effective

inA eir valuable collaboration, the CRISIS and

and Italia Lavoro, with special thanks to the AGd eting room where a round-table discussion would

of Understanding launching the National Decent igned.

bW

9

II. ROUND TABLE

“Argentina: From Crisis to New Opportunities for Decent Work”

11

ation Department, ILO

Gerry Rodgers Director, Policy Integr

… need for coherence in national and international … social and economic policies

Argentina, an example for mechanisms and policies promoting decent work

Mr. Rodgers welcomed the distinguished panellists to the round table discussion on Argentina emerging from the crisis, current opportunities and challenges, and future strategies and policies to promote decent work in the globalised economy.

He acknowledged that the ILO approach and issues are always present in public discussion in Argentina.

“This is a country where work is at the heart of every development strategy.”

The ILO has collaborated with Argentina in developing a response to the challenges of globalisation that incorporates actions in the various fields of development. The need for coherence between national and international policies, and between social and economic policies was also emphasized in the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalisation.

The Argentinian experience should serve as a basis for reflection and dialogue, for example in the development of mechanisms and policies for integration and promotion of decent work, and in the evaluation of instruments and methods used. It is hoped that the ILO would continue to support the constituents of the country and to contribute to the development of better policies for the global economy.

12

Freeman stated

markets (employers’ organiitself) should become invothereby having an influence in their preparation of structural adjustment programmes

to the view “best pil”), the crisis was The labour market in fact was flexible and behaved exactly as it was expected to do. The capital markets were responsemplo ment and economic and a disadvantaged whrepresenting the rights and p

In 2003, he was partconclusions, in particular that in w ore importanm

stated tI F and the World Bank wthe labour market and the s concerning the financial markets. The IMF defends the interests of creditors. Spokespersons defending the other interests and capable of showing the mistakes made in the name of free movement of capital are necessary. The IMF does not accept its responsibility concerning the repercussions that volatile capital markets could have on the economy, it does not concern itself with labour markets, and it does not want to accept that a collapsing banking system results in unemployment, poverty and social upheaval.

He concluded with a number of suggestions:

• Training in and familiarization with the financial markets for trade unions and Ministries of Labour, to understand the possible repercussions on em ment and to be able to intervene to defend it in time.

• Inclusion of studies to examine the impact of IMF and World Bank programmes on the labour market. Those reports should include forecasts of the impact on employment, signed by representatives of the labour market and the financial institutions. The programmes should also contain regular revision clauses where payment is conditional on achieving the forecasts.

• A radical change in the role of the IMF in a globalised world, where the third world is relevant and where capital markets have absolute mobility, and not onl between public institutions.

Possible ways that governments could actively take part in the capital markets, such as an insurance premium on the GDP of a country (as it is done by investors on the stock exchange).

The crisis was not

insufficiently

Events in the

Active participation of

the tripartite actors in capital

market

I misof Harvard and at the London School of Economics

The IMF an the World Bank

until those interested in the labour mar et a start taking part in discussions concerning the financial markets

Professor that all those who were concerned about the labour zations, trade unions, ministries of labour and the ILO lved in the structuring of global finance regulations, on the IMF and the World Bank

and loan policies.

of the IMF (which, moreover, cContrary onsidered Argentina its not the result of an insufficiently flexible labour market. the result of an pu

ible for destabilizing the real economy, affecting activity in general. Workers are not as mobile as capital en capital moves freely. The ILO is responsible for ositions of the workers.

of an ILO mission to Argentina and came to several

flexible labour markety

re

Argentina events occurring in the capital markets t and influential for people than events in the labour

hat the capital markets should be “domesticated”. The ill not change how they operate until those interested in real economy take part in discussion

capital markets were much more

important and influential

ere much market.

Mr. Freeman M

ploy

y

Richard Freeman nternational Econo t, Professor at the University

will not change how they operate k nd the real economy

d

13

State

ork stabilizes the s

co

’s absence, precarization and lack of protection for workers, linked to neo-liberalism

pro19pro

de

anCohe

pro

Decent w

voHeinc

ocial order

Tripartite dialogue as the basis for recognition of and consensus on policies and the State

coDewohe

recini

pro

Rodolfo Daer

ntativl that involves social inclusion

xist with social exclusion

e Argentinian workers’ represe

working on […] a modebecause democracy cannot e

Mr. Daer indicated that the consequences of the neo-liberal policies in Argentina during the carisation and lack of system.

less, did not r social dialogue. This allowed maintaining democracy.

cre y e Merc l lace de e

ors lagging behind and ture among the unemployed. It is necessary to strengthen

ction an el th l usio

The fight against unregistered employment and the efforts to ensure romoting d . ere is no protection for e wealth that they have

logue as the basis for ndorsed the support for mmon problems.

or the ILO assistance uld continue and help

ntribute to eliminating existing inequalities.

moted by the IMF and the World Bank and applied 90s led to de-industrialisation, State’s absence, pretection for workers, and privatisation of the retirement

All that culminated in an unprecedented crisis that, neverthestroy the institutions o

It is necessary to revive the role of the State to red begin an employment-intensive recovery. Thnference on Employment highlighted the priority to part of development strategies.

He also defined as a priority, attention to those sectmotion of a work cul

cational education and training oriented towards produ stated that “we should work on the basis of a modlusion because democracy cannot exist with social excl

nditions that guaranteed workers’ rights are part of pcent work stabilizes the social order. Without that, thrkers, nor do they participate in the redistribution of th

lped create.

He insisted on the importance of tripartite diaognition and consensus on policies and the State. He etiatives that sought tripartite and unified responses to co

Finally, Mr. Daer expressed his appreciation fvided at the outset of the crisis and hoped it wo

ate economic policosur Regiona

cent work at th

d employment.at involves socia

n”.

ecent work

14

Daniel Funes de Rioja Argentinian employers’ and Vice-President of Employers, IL

obalization that is feasibleand transparent also in terms of social tolerance

representative

O

Let us try to find a form of gl

Mr. Funes de Riduring and after thehyperinflation andendangered the coof them outside the m

oja ex cri

that devmpetitiveness of Argentinian enterprises, leaving a large num

arket.

During the crisis, Argentipolitical system. In Decembpolitical and social crisis,democratic institutions were

Emerging from the crisis calls for coherent policies that coordinate economic objectives with social objectives.Government’s emergency necessary to move from policies, thereby promoting

Mr. Funes de Rioja emhe St

ustainable significance; it is politically

He recalled that an innovative response is required to address the crisis of representativeness and leadership in . An appropriate regulatory

ary toe re

ve in one idway of resolving its problstrategy should be based on

• support for small and medium-sized enterprises

• support for the promotion of registered employment

• support for the development of a work culture

• respect for private enterprise.

Argentina had entered globalisation unsuccessfully in the 1990s. He suggested entering a fairer globalisation today, where the internal market has regained importance and workers have consumer capacity. “Let us try to find a form of globalisation that is practical and transparent also in terms of social tolerance.”

A fairer globalisation where

the worker has consumer capacity

plained the actions of Argentinian businessmen before, sis. He recalled that convertibility was linked to aluation of Real, a consequence of the Brazilian crisis,

ber

nian enterpri

ses tried to preserve and maintain the er 2001, in spite of the instability and the economic,

which were inextricably entangled, democracy and preserved and supported.

Policies that coordinate

economic and social objectives

“The Argentinian productive sector supports the policies.” However, the emergency is over and it is assistance policies towards education and training

a work culture.

phasized his support for free markets but not for the

Promoting a work culture

absence of the State. Tthat ensure s

ate should follow a model of stability with parameters development. Stability is not only of economic and socially necessary.

the countryframework is necesswhich it is based requirof society.

He did not belie

consolidate democracy, and the moral values upon vision, because corruption undermines the foundations

eology for all. Every country should find its own ems. Nevertheless, he indicated that the development :

15

ILO offers fordiscussion, teexpertise, speexamples

An obsession with competitiveness in the 1990s caused inequity and marginalisation

a for chnical cific

los Tomada

Employment and Social Security, Argentina

overcoming the emergency not by using […]

traditional methods, but by relying on the principles O

CarMinister of Labour,

We are

put forward by the IL

date and expressed his tr e unions and the

t it ad been brought on y a crisis of such magnitude. Argentina was one of the few Latin American

ured the m collective justme

e overvaluation, coupled with dras

suit oents in flexibility

ion in the 1990s had aggravated inequalities and the vironment conducive to tive. The State had lost

with a drop in real downward social mobility. Income inequalities and

cal system, culminating or Freeman that it is r market itself, and that ic, financial, trade and

ic activity in general.

ergency, not by using orward by the ILO, that rategies”. State policies

re now putting in place mechanisms for coordination between labour and ssistance, education and health policies.

ssistance, offering fora for discussion, cal expertise, specific examples of previous , inspiring confidence in the new orientation

icies.

The Minister highlighted the results achieved to satisfaction with the consensus reached between the Argentinian Industrial Union (UIA).

He welcomed the cooperation, while regretting thabcountries with an income distribution that largely favorelatively high wages and widespread unionisation andThis deteriorated in the 1990s, with the introduction of adfinancial and exchange ratprivatisation and extreme economic openness.

Competitiveness had become an obsession, in purbeen cut and wages reduced. The proliferation of experimeroded internal demand and failed to boost employment.

Modernizatmarginalisation of certain segments of society, in an ensurvival of the fittest and not necessarily the most producits redistributive and regulatory role and this, combinedincomes, had increased social segmentation had affected the stability of the politiin the December 2001 crisis. He agreed with Professdifficult to solve labour market problems within the labouit is necessary to understand the repercussions of economfiscal policies on wages, income distribution and econom

He pointed out that “we are overcoming the emtraditional methods, but by relying on the principles put fis, by putting employment at the centre of development stwe

The ILO has provided invaluable awhere ideas are backed by techniexperience and political conviction

ad

h

iddle class, bargaining.

nt measures and tic deregulation,

f which jobs had had

economic policies, as well as social a

of Argentinian pol

16

17

The “CRISIS” Programintervention policies and faciltwo key axes of government ac on w

(1) The Unemployed Men and Women Heads of Household Programme (PJJH), which has enabled 30 per cent of the members receives a subsidy. In keeping with its redistributive approach, this programme was financed out of resources from export duties.

(2) Restoring the purchaincrease in pensions,up, especially in low ions.

Vocational trainingProgramme, which transprogrammes. Up to nowemployment. He added unregistered employmen

He expressed his c gaining defend distribe adopt and w

peaker pointed outf state dec

new Labour Regulation Ministry of Labour is of

The country’s devecoordination of emploregularizing unregisteredNational Programme on labour incomes; and exte

To sum up, the Munprecedented crisis by applyprogrammes of the regiointernational commitmenThe new development sand social growth, and tpredominated in the last 30 yea

allene same

s and workers ogue will create an enabling environment for investment.

He concluded that democratic stability requires an economic growth that allows the elimination of poverty. Argentina wishes to build a “serious country”, based on a working society, and hopes that this experience will be instructive for countries in similar situations.

The National Decent Work Programme will enable designing more effective and coordinated policies. In this context, the continuous and readily available support of the ILO and the generosity of friendly countries are needed to build a more democratic society, and one securing social justice.

Social dialogue

th

Building a working society, more

democratic and securing social

justice

sing power of wages and introducing an 80 per cent which have helped to bring consumption levels back -income sectors and less developed reg

has been integrated with the “More and Better Jobs” forms unemployment benefit into employment creation , nearly 10 per cent of beneficiaries are in registered that the Ministry has assigned priority to combating t.

onfidence in social dialogue and collective bar

as instruments to that employers arwhich employmen

The sat the centre o

utive equity. The Government welcomes the fact ting this new approach based on social integration, in ages are seen as engines of growth and investment.

for distributive equity

that President Kirchner had placed decent work ision-making. This concept has been embodied in the Act and in all public policies. Coordination within the key importance in this respect.

lopment strategy is based on the implementation and yment and training policies; policies aimed at employment and improving working conditions; a the Elimination of Child Labour; policies to improve nding the coverage of the social security system.

inister reiterated that Argentina is emerging from an

Decent work at the centre of state

policy and decision-making

ing one of the most extensive income transfer n. This calls for a bold policy, while continuing to meet ts. To do this, Argentina needs sustainable growth.

trategy sees employment as the linchpin of economic his represents a shift away from the policies that have

Employment as the linchpin of economic and social grow

rs.

ge is how to improve productivity and increase time. Responsible and representative participation of committed to social dial

The next chemployment at themployer

me contributed from the outset to the design of itated the evaluation of the impact of measures. The ti ere as follows:

Extrathe Argfo

Harmonaps

Tth

dinary value of the Argentinian casee learned.

representatives of the O in 2000-01, about the country and what they

perceived as its uncertain future. In an effort to find a solution, at the Inter-2001), the delegation of tanding b

AS) to b

an case is the need to ate restrictive economic further employment and maintaining social order

oncerned.

sparencsult

resence of Rodstanding on this issue. ed at which the IMF, the e the key principles of a

ordinary value of Mr. Guevara emphasized the extraor

IMF opens up possibilities for reaching an underAccordingly, he recommended that a forum be convenWorld Bank and the ILO would review what should bmore fair and more humane globalisation.

entinian case r the Region

for the region as an example from which lessons can b

He recalled the concern expressed by the Argentinian workers in the Governing Body of the ILneo-liberal policies that were being applied in their

izing economic djustment rogrammes and ocial policies

The lesson to be learned from the Argentiniharmonize economic and social policies; to coordinadjustment programmes with social programmes to vocational training, in order to prevent difficulties in and stability in the countries c

ransparency between e social partners

Another important lesson to be learned is the tranachieved between the Argentinian social partners as a reto reach a concerted position.

Lastly, the speaker pointed out that the p

American Conference of Labour Ministers (Ottawa, the Dominican Republic had suggested that an undersframework of the Organization of American States (Oof economy and labour of the continent together.

e reached in the ring ministries

y that has been of their joint effort

rigo Ratto in the

Ray Guevara President of the 92nd Session of the

g] a forum in which the IMF, the World Bank uld be the key ane globalization


… [conveninand the ILO would review what sho

principles of a more fair and more hum

18

The Director-General commended the frankness and sincerity of the Argentinian speakers and their sound analysis of the reasons for the crisis, as well as their conclusions as to how they would emerge from it using their own national resources. He pointed out that

videdothing

dialogue between

He highlighted the unilics d

unities, upsetting the bored.

Rather than seeking a soluttitut

try’s hardnd princip

of the crisis. structures; wide-ranging

nd mRISIS, IL

The speaker underscore Argentinian society to overcome the crisis and the kecitizens’ assemblies, supporGovernment was accompangenerate consensus around weight of tripartism behind d Bank to ensure that the situation of Argentina was not repeated in other countries.

The country’s recovery is showing encouraging results in terms of growth of economic activity, reduction of unemployment and mitigation of poverty. However, it has not yet reached pre-crisis levels, and the poor and marginalized segments of society remain the most vulnerable. The quantitative and qualitative decent work deficit has not yet been overcome.

“The theme of decent work is at the centre of people’s concerns, and the time had come to put it at the centre of growth policies.” A regional survey carried out by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) showed that lack of employment and social services, combined with informal work, are not conducive to strengthening confidence in democracy.

ILO’s prompt,

around alternative policies

Juan Somavia Director-General, ILO

The eme of dec rns, and the time has come to put it

nt work is the centre of people’s concee at the centre of growth policies

th

when the actors in a country fail to reach by internal discord, external intervention imposes to do

agreement and are di

solutions that have nimportance of

with reality in that country; hence the key the actors in the country to defend national

que nature of the Argentinian case, recalling the neo-ies implemented in the 1990s, which culminated in an estabilized people’s lives, the lives of families and alance between economic and social policies, which

An unprecedentedcrisis

positions.

liberal approach of the pounprecedented crisis. Thicommhas to be rest

ion in classic economic mechanisms, the focus ions and the values that have to be guaranteed to -won democracy. The post-crisis response is aligned les of the ILO, which has reacted promptly and since The ILO response is coordinated, affecting all sectors

has been on social insmaintain the counon the objectives athe very outsetand regional in terms of its coverage and forms of

obilization of experts; and backed by substantial O’s cash surplus and the Italian Government.

d the enormous effort by

coordinated, wide-ranging and

well-funded responsetechnical cooperation afunding from IFP/C

y role of associative networks (barter systems, t associations, etc.). The response by society and the ied by a process of social dialogue which helped policies put forward as alternatives. With the full

it, the ILO called on the IMF and the Worl

Social dialoguehelped generate

consensus

19

Linkdededecent work

dopts specific targets and c

Argentina moving towards a more fair globalization

ery country’s approach to s no closer link between ion of decent work.

An international consensus is emerging around decent work as a global goal. Our region had demonstrated the broadest support for this concept: at the 13th Inter-American Conference of Ministers of Labour (Bahía), the 13th Latin

nta Cruz de la Sierra), ) and the EU-Latin as at least two joint hese declarations have centre of countries’

ting specific targets and taking concrete steps in pursuit of decent work. With the adoption of decent work

rovisiohis concreation of a concept to policy.

Furthermore, Chancellor Bielsa, backed by support from a number of overty and strengthen next Summit of the

enge, as well as a means w have been centred on

ffect of glob he sugg

been done to facilitate should now be taken to

ges, whileow be a frame

ies – It is essential to ag decent work. Lack of policies imposed from

ayer in the pursuit of a ation. The tripartite partners are in a position to gauge the

coordination should be ons such as the World Bank, the Economic

and the ILO

In conclusion, he pointed out that Argentina is at the frontline in meeting the challenge of finding ways towards a more fair globalisation. President Kirchner has succeeded in putting people’s concerns at the centre of government action, and the ILO is glad to support the country in this endeavour.

Argentina a

American Summit of Heads of State and Government (Sathe Special Summit of the Americas (MonterreyAmerican/Caribbean Summit (Guadalajara), as well declarations by Presidents Lula and Kirchner. All of tplaced decent work, as defined by the ILO, at thedevelopment.

Argentina is playing a key role in this respect by set

oncrete measures for decent work

as one of the country’s Millennium Goals and the pRegulation Act calling for promoting the inclusion of tprovincial and municipal policies, it is moving from the the implementation of a programme that will become state

countries, has proposed “Job creation to combat pdemocratic governance” as the keynote theme of theAmericas. This represents a great opportunity and a challof changing the focus of these meetings, which up to notrade issues.

Mr. Somavia emphasized that the only inevitable etechnological progress; all the others can be regulated, andfor action:

(1) A focus on the local level – A great deal has integration in the global market at every level. Steps ensure that local economies benefit from these chan local communities and markets. Efforts should n domestic market, competing globally but in competition. (2) Integration of economic and social polic

coherence between economic policies and promotin policy coherence makes countries vulnerable to abroad. (3) Mobilizing tripartism – This should be a global pl more fair globalis

effects of globalisation on enterprises. (4) Coordination of the multilateral system – Greater achieved among international and regional instituti Trade Organization (WTO), the IMF, the World Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) itself.

n of the Labour cept in national,

alisation is ested four areas

strengthening directed at the work of fair

chieve

between mocracy, velopment and

The concept of decent work should be part of eveconomic, social and democratic development. There idevelopment and continuing democracy than the generat

20

In cWork Prog

The representaMr. Danie

a. Somavi

III. MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING

“National Decent Work Programme”

21

onclram

Metives los Tomada (Government), Mr. Rodolfo Daer (Workers) and l Funes de

usion, the Memorandum of Understanding launching the National Decent me was read and signed.

morandum of Understanding was signed by the Argentinian tripartite : Minister Car

Rioja (Employers), and by the Director-General of the ILO, Mr. Juan

ANNEX I. FIGURES

Figure 1. Trends in unemployment and poverty

Source: Prepared by MTESS based on data from EPH-INDEC

Figure 2. Trends in earnings dispersion*

* Ratio between average earnings of the top and bottom deciles Source: ibid.

Figure 3. Trends in real wages*

* Annual variation in real wages Source: ibid.

52.0

25.2

19.7

6.5

0

5

10

15

20

2530

35

40

45

50

55

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

(%)

Percentage of poor

Unemployment rate

24

28

37

49

20

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1991 1995 1999 2001 2002

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

(%)

23

Figure 4. E ergency policies (2002)

igure 5. Strengthening the role of the State for the implementation of policies promoting decent work (2003-04)

Figure 6. Trends in the employed population (thousands)

So

m

F

urce: ibid.

1.9 million recipients Wages increase by 40 to 60% in

collective bargaining negotiations

“National Plan for the Regularization of Employment” Promoting the social

security reform process Strengthening

labour inspections

Labour Regulation Act

Promotion of collective bargaining

Wage increases:

- Minimum wage (75%)

basic wage Increase in minimum pension (40 %)

- Collective agreed

• “More and Better s Integrated

• Job reintegration of unemployed and vocational training

JobProgramme”

Social protection Labour relations Incomes

Employment

2 m beneficiaries Expenditure equivalent to 0.8% of GDP

Heads of household programme

Social inclusion

1 m beneficiaries

3.2 m workers covered

Pension increases

Minimum wage increases

Incomes policy

Monthly exit rate reduced from 2.4 to 1.9%

Severance pay doubled for unjustified dismissal

Job preservation

13'013 12'60012'350

11'93611'827

10'968

9'500 10'000 10'500 11'000 11'500 12'000 12'500 13'000 13'500

May 02 October 02 I Trim.03 II Trim.03 III Trim.03 IV Trim.03

24

oyment rate (percentage)

idence of poverty*

* Percentage of the popula Source: ibid.

Figure 9. Means of action of technical cooperation

Figure 7. Trends in the unempl

21.5.0

25.0

16.314.5

20.4

5.0

15.0 20

May 2002 I Trim.03 II Trim.03 III Trim.03 IV Trim.03

17.8

10.0

0.0

Source: ibid.

Figure 8. Decline in the inc

53.057.5

38.

47.85

May 2001 October 2001 May 2002 October 2002 May 2003 I Week 03 II Week 03

3

54.7 54.0

35.9 3035 40 45 50

5 60 65 70

tion below the poverty line.

Direct cooperation in the production of comparative

information and studies

Discussion at technical meetings with officials

Training of officials and technology transfer

F p ofactions with direct

assistance

ollow-u policies and

Tripartite technical

meetings

Direct cooper ies

and actions

ation inof policdetailed design

25

In Geneva, on 14 June 2004, the Minister of Labour, Employment and Social Security, Dr. Carlos Tomada, the Director-General of the International Labour Office, Mr. Juan Somavía, and the Argentinian representatives in the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, Mr. Daniel Funes de Rioja (Employers) and Mr. Rodolfo Daer (Workers),

Recalling that in December 2002, the ILO, the Government of Argentina and the representatives of employers’ and workers’ organizations elected to the Governing Body signed the Memorandum of Understanding on the preparation and implementation in the Argentine Republic of the National Decent Work Programme,

Bearing in mind that in October 2003 the Government of Argentina included “promoting decent work” in its Millennium Development Goals, fixing specific targets to be reached in the medium term,

Considering that in March 2002 Act No. 25,877, the Labour Regulation Act, was adopted, which provides that “the Ministry of Labour, Employment and Social Security shall promote the inclusion of the concept of decent work in national, provincial and municipal policies”,

Considering further that the ILO provides technical cooperation in pursuit of this objective through its regular programmes and two special programmes,

State that, in accordance with the abovementioned legal mandate and the agreement between the Government of Argentina and the representatives of employers and workers, they reiterate their decision to implement a National Decent Work Programme, the background and main points of which are set forth in Appendix 1, and the ILO commits itself to providing technical support and assisting in the mobilization of resources.

y

ANNEX II. MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING

27

Mr. Juan Somavia Director-General International Labour Office

Mr. Rodolfo Daer General Secretary General Confederation of Labour of Argentina (CGT)

Dr. Daniel Funes de Rioja Employers’ representative ofArgentina in the ILO

Carlos Tomada Minister of Labour, Employment and Social Securit

Memorandum: Annex 1

Background 1. The crisis in Argentina has led to unprecedented levels of unemployment and poverty. Since 2002

the ILO has provided assistance to its national constituents, in particular the Ministry of Labour, Empl ment and Social Security (MTESS) to cope with its repercussions through the project entitled “Tackling the decent work challenges in the Argentinian crisis” (the “CRISIS” project) financed out of ILO’s cash surplus.

2. Arge

ollowed by the collapse of the labour market during the crisis. Today, as it goes

high

esign and implementation of a Nation

3.

national development priorities and have a thematic focus. Cohe

ents.

4. ake an important

contr

National d5.

rk in national, provincial and municipal policies. In October 2003, the promotion of decent work was included as Objective No. 3 when the country adopted its Millennium Goals. The targets to be reached by 2015 are:

unemployment under 10 per cent;

two-thirds of the economically active population to be covered by social protection;

f child labour.

t that Objective No. 4, “P ality”, is defined mainly in ic particip e wage gap and

participation in decision-making. Mention should be made of the conclusion of the Memorandum of Understanding signed between the ILO and the social partners on 11 December 2002.

Role of decent work 6. Most Argentinians aspire to a job in the formal economy, with social security coverage. At the

same time, this goal could also contribute both to a better distribution of earnings and to the promotion of equal opportunity between men and women. Along the same lines, the elimination of

eaffirms the desire to tions.

7. nt social and econ d be fixed as an economic and social poli calls for explicit

coordination between economic, labour and socia ducation, social protection and health policies).

oy

ntina’s experience in the last 15 years with regard to employment as well as the level and distribution of earnings illustrates both the profound social impact of globalisation and the structural adjustment policies and the limits of labour and employment policy when it comes to mitigating these impacts. Years of strong economic growth which failed to generate much employment were fthrough the process of recovery, the country is applying a mix of policies aimed at maintaining a

growth rate despite constraints, while at the same time continuing to reduce high levels of unemployment and poverty. In the last quarter of 2003 unemployment reached 14.5 per cent and the incidence of poverty was 47.8 per cent. It was in this context that the Minister of Labour, Employment and Social Security requested ILO’s cooperation in the d

al Decent Work Programme.

This request is in line with the new approach of ILO cooperation with its member States. As of 2004, ILO assistance to national constituents is based on National Decent Work Programmes, which must be clearly linked to

rence and integration of action should enable the expected impacts to be achieved. In keeping with ILO’s programming by objectives, national programmes include indicators of achievement and specify their products, activities, inputs and time limits. This document proposes a programme that embodies these characteristics, in accordance with the priorities and modalities identified by the Argentinian constitu

The programme will also take into account the conclusions and recommendations of the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalisation, and will hence m

ibution to the follow-up to the Commission’s work by the national constituents and the ILO.

evelopment priority Unlike other countries, Argentina has already established decent work as a national priority. Act No. 25,877 of March 2004 (the Labour Regulation Act) provides that the Ministry of Labour, Employment and Social Security shall promote the inclusion of the concept of decent wo

elimination o

It should be pointed outerms of decent work: more econom

romoting gender equation of women, narrowing th

child labour is a goal which r protect future genera

As shown by the country’s receobjective when macro

omic history, decent work shoulcies are being adopted. This l policies (the latter including e

28

8. In addition to the fundameemployment, the strategie

ntal role of the policies referred to above in generating and maintaining s, programmes and activities of the Ministry of Labour, Employment and

l Security play a decisive part. This requires optimising active employment and training ies and those aimed at regularizing employment, improving working conditions and ensuring

9.

ntext, the expected impacts and immediate objectives of the

Focus and

c al, exchange, industrial and trade) and social policies (education,

entation of active employment policies targeted at vulnerable groups.

gistered employment and improving working conditions. rms of

into the formal economy and devising strategies to improve

rgaining, ating the impact of the increase in the minimum wage and strategies to improve arnings distribution.

Sociapolicmore equitable earnings distribution and incomes policy.

Social dialogue at different levels should make an important contribution to the adoption and successful implementation of coherent policies.

10. Expected impacts: In this coprogramme in respect of the national constituents, in particular the Minister of Labour, Employment and Social Security, may be identified as follows:

1. Strengthening national capacity to design and implement policies and monitor their impacts;

2. Formulating, adopting and implementing integrated policies, in which likely impacts are taken into account at the outset, and monitoring the quality and quantity of employment, as well as earnings distribution and stability.

3. Improving the effectiveness of Ministry policies by strengthening institutions, structures and appropriate procedures.

strategy of the programme 12. The achievement of these objectives by the national actors may be effectively supported by a

national programme with the following characteristics:

Focus: The programme will be based on two key components. The first addresses the need to integrate other policy areas with labour and employment policy. The second focuses on policies and programmes within the remit of the Ministry itself or its decentralized structures.

First component: Integration of labour and employment policies with other policies having an impact on the quantity and quality of jobs.

The experience of jobless growth before the crisis, its impact and the requirements of economic and social recovery point to the need for institutionalised integration of the relevant policies, based on an assessment of the risks involved and the employment-generating opportunities that they create. The policy areas that have an impact are economipolicies (monetary, fiscsocial protection and health).

Second component: Integration of Ministry policies in priority areas aimed at operationalizing the strategies in a decentralized approach:

1. Active employment and training policies. This includes transforming temporary employment programmes into job reintegration programmes and, in the medium term, the implem

2. Policies for regularizing unreDesign and implementation of strategies aimed at bringing the different founregistered employmentworking conditions.

3. National Programme for the Elimination of Child Labour. Coordination and implementation of measures to detect, quantify and eliminate child labour.

4. Policies to improve employment earnings. Strengthening collective baevaluthe e

5. Policies to extend coverage of the social protection system. Strategies aimed at adapting the social security system and extending coverage of unemployment insurance.

15. Strategy: The programme will rely on the active participation of the social partners at national, regional, provincial and municipal levels and on the extensive network of national competent technicians, for example, those involved in the “CRISIS” and “AREA” projects and the University Network for Social Dialogue.

29

The ILO will provide direct technical cooperation with products, targets and impacts specified jointly with the MTESS. The ILO will support the efforts of the Argentinian constituents with technical assistance.

Mobilization of resources: The necessary human and financial resources to achieve the expected impacts come mainly from the national actors, especially

16. the Government. The ILO can provide

the mobilization of additional external resources wit

In receovercom rogramme will ensure the

ti

Duration 17. A pro

term. et are on a biennial basis, cooperation with the

f the project on “Tackling the decent work challenges in ment structure will be adopted.

Immed1.

5. 2004.

only relatively modest financial resources. Nevertheless, as shown by the projects under way in the country, the ILO can play an important role in

hin the limits of its regulations, rules and directives.

nt years, ILO cooperation with Argentina has focused increasingly on issues related to ing the economic and social crisis. The National Decent Work P

con nuation of ongoing cooperation.

gramme of the scope envisaged is intended to achieve its objectives in the medium and long Given that the ILO programme and budg

programme will in principle have a duration of three-and-a-half years (July 2004 – December 2007), in two phases.

18. Management: Based on the experience othe Argentinian crisis”, a similar manage

iate activities The programme is to start with technical workshops to define priorities, indicators, products and inputs, culminating in the elaboration of a work plan (August 2004).

Approval of the work plan and commencement of implementation: September-October

30

31

NAME TITLE/ORGANIZATION ADDRESS TEL./FAX E-MAIL/WEB

Government Delegates

CLARAMOUNT, Carmen I. (Ms.) Ambassador, Deputy Permanent Representative, Mission Permanente de Costa Rica

11 rue 02 G Sw clar ties.itde Butini, 12 enève, itzerland 022-73125022-73120

87 / 69

carmen. [email protected]

CORRES, Gerardo A. (Mr.) Consultant, Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social

Alen 6 Ciud no os Aires,

54 s@ ov.ar50 PiArge

so 240, ntina

ad Auto ma de Buen 11 43105056 nigcorre trabajo.g

FOGLIA, Maria C. (Ms.) Italia Lavoro SPA Via Guiduba Mont 19Italy

3939

@it ro.itldo del e, 60 00 7 – Roma, 856200 660692

2 / 596

mcfoglia aliapavo

FREITAS, Nilton (Mr.) Special Adviser to the Minister of Labour and Employment

Ministry nd E ent 3 itas ov.bs of Labour a mploym , Brazil 55 11 31765 2 nilton.fre @mte.g

LARIA, Magarila (Ms.) Minister of Labour, Employment and Social Security Nueva to “C os Argent

0 t.or Yorkina

3393 D ”, Buen Aires, 5411 4501 4 07 laria@oi g.ar

MANZUR BARREDA, Beatriz (Ms.) Jefa, Departamente de Colaboración con la OIT, Ministerio de Trabajo y Desarrollo Laboral

Aparta 7-3 Panama ep. a 93

oit .com@hotmaildo 8 659 7, R de Panam 507 360111507 360127

/ daminan

NOVICK, Marta (Ms.) Consultant, Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social

L N Ale 38 2 so, CP 1 CAArgent

78

@c m.areidad.cr64 / 66

mnovick5411 431055411 43105

PIT. FED. 001 0 Pim 6ina

ANNEX III. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS


PAIXAO PARDO, Sergio (Mr.) Chief, International Organizations Division, International Relations, Ministry of Labour and Employment

Esplanada dos Ministerios – Bloco F, Gabinete do Ministro, Assessoria internacional, Sala 555, Brasilia DF, Brasil, CEP 70 059-900

556181196687 / 55612240814

[email protected] or [email protected] www.mte.gov.br

PEREIRA DA SELVA, Hebe Teixeira (Mr.) Ministerio do Trabalho e Emprego Commission de Traballo Emprego

Esplanada dos Ministerios – Bl. “F” Anexo, Ala “B”2 Andar-sala 278, Brasilia/DF CEP–70.059-903

55 61 3176337 / 55 612240814

[email protected] www.mte.gov.br

ROCANO na (Ms.) Misión Permanente de Uruguay 65, Rue de Lausanne, 1202 Genève, Switzerland 022-7328366 [email protected], A

ROSALES, Julio (Mr.) abajo, Empleo y lem 650 – 20 Piso 1089, Buenos ina

55 / 066

ov.arConsultant, Ministerio de TrSeguridad Social

Leandro N. AAires, Argent

5411 4310605411 43106

[email protected] www.trabajo.gov.ar

SANTANCHÈ, Emido (Mr.) Responsible for ‘Area Programme‘ Italia Lavoro

Via Guidubaldo del Monte 60 – 00197 Roma, Italy, Italia – Lavoro

39 3357411173 /39 680692594

[email protected] www.italialavoro.it

SEGUEL, José Ernesto (Mr.) Subsecretaria de Trabajo - Neuquen Bahia Blanca 385, Neuquén, Argentina 54299156309355/ 54299 483912

[email protected] www.neuquen.gov.ar

TASSONI, Lionello (Mr.) Italia Lavoro Italia Lavoro – Programme Area, Cordoba 950 3/1, Buenos Aires, Argentina

39 3393130488 [email protected]

VARELA, Sandra (Ms.) Subsecretaria de TMendoza

rabajo y Securidad Social de 3

Avda, San Martin 601, Ciudad, Mendoza, Argentina

54 261 42398354 261 4200025

[email protected] www.mendoza.gov.ar

VISCHI, Eduardo Alejandro (Mr.) 3400 Cobierano Corrientes, Argentina San Juan 1317 – Corrientes, Argentina CP 54 3783433191 [email protected]

Workers Delegates

BASTEIRO, Ariel (Mr.) Central de Trabajadores (CTA) Anchorsena 1250 CP1425, Buenos Aires, 5411 48222136 [email protected]

BAZÁN FIGUEROA, Julio Cesar (Mr.) Presidente, Central Unitaria de Trabajadores (CUT) Sof Talara 751 Jesus Marid, Lima, Peru 511 4239008 / [email protected] www.cut.org.pe Peru 511 4315415

ČANAK, Branislav (Mr.) ed Branch Trade Unions “Nezavisnost”

000 Belgrade, Serbia & Montenegro

381113244542 / 381 11 3244118

[email protected], Unit Nušićeva 4/5 11 www.nezavisnost.org.yu

32


CORRIES, Claudio (Mr.) Confederación Sindical Mundial de la Enseñanza Peru 973, 1402 Buenos Aires, Argentina 5411 43624967 [email protected]

DULICE, Alredo Jose (Mr.) o Americana de Trabajadores Municipales

s Aires, Argentina (CP1923 )

5411 48651310 lmonterro@comUnion Latin Calle 13 4116, Berisso, Bueno

ESTEVEZ, Eduardo (Mr.) T 322 2308722

@cmt-Confederación Mundial de Trabajo - CM 33 Rue de Treves, 1040 – Bruxelles, Belgium 322 2854771 / eduardo.estevezwcl.org

FERNANDEZ, Eduardo (Mr.) Secrétario de Relaciones Internacionales Plenario

Camacua 575 – Montevideo, Uruguay – C.8 592 8158798 / [email protected] Intersindical de Trabajadores – ConvenciónNacional de Trabajadores

11000 592 9166899 www.achu.org.uy

FIGUEROA SILVA, Douglas (Mr.) jadores del Presidente, Confederación de TrabaPerú - CTP

Jr. Ayacucho No. 173, Lima 1, Cercado, Peru 5498003057 / 54114261310

GUTIÉRREZ-MADUEÑO, Joaquin (Mr.) ores del Peru (CGTP) Confederación General de Trabajad Peru 97624755 /

4249357 [email protected] www.cgtp.org.pe

INSFRAN, Victor (Mr.) Central Unitaria de Trabajadores (CUT) y 59521213876

Pettirossi 194 y Constitución Asunción, Paragua 595981426996 /

LEPORI, Rolando (Mr.) Secrétaire regional, FTMH, Sindacato Via Canonica 3, 6901 Lugano, Switzerland [email protected]

MAQHEKENI, Joseph (Mr.) President, National Council of Trade Unions (NACTU) South Africa 1692022-78

NACTU, 108 Fox Street, Johannesburg 2000, 828913020 /

MEGUIRA, Horaico (Mr.) Central de los Trabajadores Argentinos (CTA) Avda Belgrano 909 «A» - Cudoa, Buenos Aires, Argentina

5411 43340707 / 5411 43347818

[email protected] www.cta.com.ar

JURCA, Ovidiu (Mr.) Vice President Bloc National Syndical

ependentei 202A, Et.4, Sect. 6 06022- Bucuresti, Romania

4021 4115183 / 4021 4115185

[email protected] Ind , [email protected] www.bns.ro

PARRA GAONA, Pedro (Mr.) l Nacional de Trabajadores (CNT) Piribebuy 1078, Asunción Paraguay 595 21 498889 / [email protected] 21 444084

33


POINTECHER, Marc (Mr.) ria oe.atChamber of Workers Barnabitenpasse P/23, 1060 Vienna, Aust marc.pointecher@ahn

SUBASINGHE, Don Wimalasiri (Mr.) ation of Trade Unions 94 11 4510718

General Secretary Ceylon Feder

513, 2/1, Elvitigala Mawatha, Colombo 5, Sri Lanka

94 11 2365986 / [email protected] or [email protected]

VEYRIER, Yves (Mr.) Secrétaire confédéral, Secteur International Europe, CGT-FO

e 141 – Avenue du Maine, 175 014 Paris, Franc 33 140528330 [email protected] www.force-ouvriere.fr

Employers Delegates

ALDAO-ZAPIOLA, Carlos (Mr.) Union Industrial Argentino (UIA) Bouchard 680, Buenos Aires, Argentina 5411 43193960 carlos.aldao.zapiola@lom5411 43193961 anesea.ar or

www.caldao.com

BOGARIN, Walter M. (Mr.) Federation Paraguay de la Industria y el Comercio (FEPRINCO) (Union Industrial)

Cerro Corá, 1038, Asunción, Paraguay 2556 595 21 21 [email protected] www.uip.org.py

FOSSATTI, Mónica (Ms.) Asistente Técnica, Dirección Jurídica, Cámara Panameña de la Construcción (CAPAC)

asistlegal@copa@orgPanama 507 6004387 507 2650471

www.capac.org

MENSA, Charles (Mr.) Vice-President, Ghana Employers’ Association; P. O. Box 01936, Christianbor, Accra, Ghana 233 21 7010713 9

[email protected] Director, Valco Mobilehouse

233 21 66532 m.gh

RIVERRA, José Javier (Mr.) , Ex-Presidente, Miembro, Cámara de ComercioIndustrias y Agricultura (CODEP)

Panama 507 6140911 507 269 5622

[email protected] mwww.riveboca.co

RODRIGUEZ, Marín (Mr.) om.arOIE Argentina 5411 43209600 [email protected]

SCHAER, Juan José (Mr.) Union Industrial Argentina (UIA)/Camara Argentina de Comercio

Alicia Moreau de Juszp #50, 11th Floor, Buenos Aires, Zip Code 1007, Argentina

541149683403 54 91144725734/

ail.com

541149683405

jschaer@hotm

34


Representatives from International Organizations (other than ILO)

ANZORREGUY, Maria Paz (Ms.) Lawyer 9 av. Sainte Clotilde, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland om0789114036 [email protected]

CUARTANGO, Oscar Antonio (Mr.) orm.arUnion Latinoamericana de Trabajadores Municipales

Calle 48 N0 988 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina C.P. 1900

5411 4890762 5411 4826975

[email protected]

FAUCHERE, Béatrice (Ms.) 12, Rue des Bossons, CH-1213, Onex – Geneva, Switzerland

022-7932626 [email protected]

FJELLHEIM, Therese (Ms.) Social Worker in school, Lo-Norway, International Biskop Sigurds gt 9, 7042 Trodheim, Norway Therese.fjellheim@trondhFederation of Social Workers eim.kommune.no

HORACIO, Albertolli (Mr.) Data Management Officer United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC)

1, Domaine de L’or Rouge, Rue de Pitegny F-01170 GEX, France


MERCER, Hugo (Mr.) World Health Organization WHO, 20 Appia, Geneva, Switzerland 022-7913749 [email protected]

RUGGIERO, Oscar Tomas (Mr.) Municipales - Ulatmum

Dr. Amadeo Sabahini 45682 – Casezoy, Prov. Buenos Aires, Argentina

Union Latino Americano de Trabajadores 5411 47169095

RODGERS, Janine (Ms.) 29 Rue des Bains, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland 0792639094 [email protected]

ILO Participants

ALBURQUERQUE, Francisco (Mr.) BUENOS AIRES ILO Avenida Córdoba 950, Piso 3, Buenos Aires, 541143937076- [email protected] Argentina 308 / 54114326

2283

ALVAREZ, Sarah Jane (Ms.) IFP/CRISIS ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


35


AUER, Peter (Mr.) EMP/ANALYSIS ILO 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


AWAD, Ibrahim (Mr.) Director,CAIRO S

UBREGIONAL OFFICE

7 89

ILO Cairo SRO, 9, Taha Hussein street, 11561 Zamalek, Cairo, Egypt

20.2 399.93.220.2 736.08.

[email protected]

BATTISTIN, Francesca (Ms.) illons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

IFP/CRISIS ILO, 4 route des Mor 022-7997083

BERAR AWARD, Azita (Ms.) INTEGRATION/NPG e des Morillons, 022-7996906 [email protected], 4 routCH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

BERG, Janine (Ms.) EMP/ANALYSIS ILO, 4, route des Morillons, [email protected] CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

BILEMJIAN, Agèle (Ms.) IFP/CRISIS ILO, 4, route des Morillons, 022-7996541 [email protected] CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

BROLLIET, Emmanuel (Mr.) EGALITE ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

emmanuel.broillet@lapest022-7996524 e.net

BRONSTEIN, Arturo (Mr.) IFP/DIALOGUE CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

[email protected], 4, route des Morillons, 022-7996961

BUCKLEY, Graeme (Mr.) INTEGRATION/NPG ILO, 4, route des Morillons, 022-7997583 [email protected] CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

CIBRARIO, Daria (Ms.) INSTITUTE ILO, 4, route des Morillons, erland

022-7997179 CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switz

36


CICHON, Michael (Mr.) SOC/FAS ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

022-7996630

CÓRDOVA, Luis (Mr.) DCOMM ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


CREVIER, Charles (Mr.) SOC/FAS ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


CRISETTI, Maria (Ms.) IFP/SEED ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


DAUGE, René (Mr.) IFP/SKILLS ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


DAZA PEREZ, José Luis (Mr.) UE IFP/DIALOG ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


DELFINO, Juan M (Mr.) FINANCE ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


DE LUCA, Loretta (Ms.) IFP/CRISIS ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

022-7998822

DIEZ DE MEDINA SUAREZ, Rafael (Mr.) POLICY INTEGRATION CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

022-7997766 [email protected], 4, route des Morillons,

ERNST, Christoph (Mr.)

EMP/STRAT CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

022-7997736 [email protected], 4, route des Morillons,

37


ESTEVEZ, Antonio (Mr.) IS oba 950, Piso 3, OIT 6 [email protected]/CRIS INFO/CRISIS, Avenida CórdBuenos Aires, Argentina

5411 4393707 e

FALCONE, Cristiana (Ms.) DCOMM ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


FEDI, Luca (Mr.) IFP/CRISIS ILO, 4 route des Morillons, itzerland

022-7997831 CH-1211, Geneva 22, Sw

FORTUNY CORREDO, Mariangels (Ms.) EMP/STRAT ILO, 4, route des Morillons, erland

022-7998761 [email protected] CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switz

FRANCESCO, Paolini (Mr.) EMP/ANALYSIS ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

[email protected]

GALHARDI, Regina M (Ms.)

IFP/SKILLS CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

022-7997675 022-7997650

[email protected], 4, route des Morillons,

GALINO, Pedro (Mr.) ATP PROJETO CRISIS órdoba 950, arATP PROJETO CRISIS, Avenida CPiso 3, OIT Buenos Aires, Argentina

[email protected].

JOLIDON, Graciela (Ms.)

NORMS ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


KINIGER-PASSIGLI, Donato (Mr.) IFP/CRISIS ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

LAVIEC, Jean-Pierre (Mr.) Director, INSTITUTE ILO, 4, route des Morillons, itzerland.

022-7997176 [email protected] CH-1211, Geneva 22, Sw

LAZARO MARTINEZ, Luis (Mr.) REVUE/PUBLICATIONS ILO, 4 route des Morillons, erland

022-7996619 [email protected] CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switz

38


LAZARTE, Alfredo (Mr.)

SOC/FAS

ILO, 4, route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

[email protected]

LAZARTE-HOYLE, Alfredo (Mr.) IS IFP/CRIS ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


MAERTENS, Eric (Mr.) [email protected]/TURIN ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

022-7996945 m

MAGNAT, Julien (Mr.) IFP/CRISIS 1 ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

022-7997907

MAJERES, Jean (Mr.)

Director, EMP/INVEST

ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


MEHELLOU, Yamina (Ms.) IFP/CRISIS ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


MONTICONE, Regina (Ms.)

22-7996819 EMP/STRAT ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

0 [email protected]

MONZA, Alfredo (Mr.) ATP PROJETO CRISIS enida Córdoba 950, ederal,

6 arATP PROJETO CRISIS, AvPiso 3, OIT Buenos Aires, Capital FArgentina

5411 4393707 [email protected].

PAL, Karuna (Ms.) SOC/FAS

22-7996624 022-7997962

[email protected], 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

0 p

PANGARO, Alehandra (Ms.) a 950 – P13, 6 (106). / 5411 43937062

rg.ar

BUENOS AIRES

AMERICAS, Avenida CordobOIT Buenos Aires, Argentina


POSCHEN- EICHE, Peter (Mr.)

INTEGRATION/NPG ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland.


39


PRADA DE MESA, Teresa (Ms.) 22-7998849

CODEV ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland

0 [email protected]

VAUGHAN-WHITEHEAD, Daniel

(Mr.) TRAVAIL ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


VEGA, Maria Luz (Ms.)

DECLARATION ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland


ZACHMANN, Roberto (Mr.) [email protected]/ENT ILO, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211, Geneva 22, Switzerland.

022-7996439 z

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