Are (when) seeds applicable as a back-up of clonally maintained germplasm ?
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Are seeds applicable as a back-up of clonally maintained germplasm?PANEL DISCUSSIONKim, Mark, Christopher, Maria
Objective: To discuss if and when seeds may be used as a back-up of vegetatively maintained germplasm.
What other options do we have to securely store genetic resources maintained as clonal germplasm.
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Are (when) seeds applicable as a back-up of clonally maintained germplasm?
1. Importance of clonal-back upWhy clonally maintained accessions should be backed-up as vegetative propagules
2. Would a seed back-up of clonally maintained accessions be complimentary or it may replace vegetative propagules
3. What should we consider? What are the conservation targets?
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Importance of clonesWhy clonally maintained accessions should
be backed-up as vegetative propagules Specific qualities of the genotype
ONLY VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION WILL DO
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Importance of clonesONLY VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION WILL DO
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Importance of clonesONLY VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION WILL DO
Eat your pigments!
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Clones or speciesSpecies diversityRepresentative of the species
SEEDPears from Armenia
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Clones or SpeciesSpecies diversityRepresentative of the species
SEED
Fragaria iinumae, Hokkaido
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Clones or speciesSpecies diversityRepresentative of the species
SEED
Vaccinium hirsutum, Georgia
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Both Clones and Seeds!
Clonal representation of specific genotypes
Seeds for species diversity
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WHEN WOULD SEED PRODUCTION FROM CLONALLY-MAINTAINED ACCESSIONS COMPLEMENT OR POTENTIALLY REPLACE VEGETATIVE PROPAGULES?
A few points to consider…
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CAN WE VERIFY THAT THE CLONE IS BEING MAINTAINED BECAUSE OF ITS SPECIFIC GENOTYPE?
Certain clones might be maintained more for convenience, fitting in with a larger, clonal management system…
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DOES THE CLONE PRODUCE SEEDS THAT STORE WELL?
Two issues here:The ability to produce seeds (sterility,
dioecy)Seed-storage characteristics
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POPULATION-LEVEL CONSIDERATIONS
Is the clone a member of a larger population?
Are there other members of that population available and can the clone be mated with them?
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WHEN THERE IS NO “LARGER POPULATION”
Can the clone produce apomictic seeds?
Can the clone self-pollinate?Self-incompatibilityInbreeding depression
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What is the conservation target?
GenesGenotypesLineages
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As an option what are the trade offs involved?
Cost of supporting clonal propagationRisk of lossImmediate utility vs long term backup
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What is the accession history?
Sample contextPopulation structure
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2 Clones from aRecombining population
Sampling issue in clonal conservation
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China: Hupehensis: 129 Kansuensis: 2 Prattii: 29 Sieboldii: 53 Toringoides: 68 Transitoria: 20 Zhaojiaoensis: 24
Kazakhstan: Sieversii: Kirghisorum: 7
Turkey: Orientalis: 504
Germany: Sylvestris 47
Wild Malus Accessions
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