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Lisa Jeskins and Bethan RuddockArchives Hub
MimasThurs 10th March
February 2010archiveshub.ac.uk
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By the end of today’s session we will have given you an introduction to:
• The Archives Hub• XML• EAD• EAD Editor
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JISC-funded service based at Mimas, The
University of Manchester
In service since 2000
Approx 25,000 collection descriptions
180 repositories
Management and service team at Manchester
Development team at Liverpool
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Archives Hub Workshop 2010
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Higher/Further Education
Consortium contributions
Institutions with a research agenda
Others on a case-by-case basis
We encourage institutions to contact us
John Rylands Library, Manchester
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EAD is XML for archives
We have EAD2002 (DTD)
Cheshire search engine searches and
retrieves EAD descriptions
EAD is ISAD(G) compliant
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It is XML, which is an international standard
It is a great format to store finding-aids, as it is sustainable and futureproof (? Hopefully)
It is a simple and effective way of structuring content and providing meaning
Machines can manipulate the content in all sorts of ways
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UKAD: part of the UK Archives Discovery Network
Genesis: exploratory project to share data
AIM25: collaboration to improve interoperability
TNA: plans to create links from the NRA
Copac: have links from the Hub to Copac records
CALM/Adlib
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Effective cross-searching requires:
◦Interoperability
which requires
◦Common standards
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XML = Extensible Markup Language
XML is a system for creating languages: ◦ Or a meta-language
Use XML to design your own markup language, consisting of meaningful tags that describe the data they contain
Create a language for describing…anything
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the ability to exchange/share data
provides advantages of cross-searching, so user can easily search across and retrieve resources from a variety of different systems
allows users to move beyond individual websites for individual resources
integrates information resources presented in different formats
XML facilitates interoperability
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XML does not do anything itself. It is pure information wrapped in XML tags
You must use other means to send, receive or display the data
XML XML technologies
is used by to createDetailed description to view in a browser
Summary entry to view in a browser
PDF for print
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XML is not about content, though there might be certain restrictions on content
XML is essentially about structure
Creating a consistent structure via XML tagging enables content to be easily identified (by machines) and used in different ways
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<title> Alice in Wonderland </title>
*XML allows you to define your tags*
<book>Alice in Wonderland</book>
<filmtitle>Alice in Wonderland</filmtitle>
<tag> content </tag>
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Title Alice in Wonderland
Author Lewis Carroll
Extent 1 volume
Format hardback
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<books><title>Alice in Wonderland</title><author>Lewis Carroll</author><extent>1 volume</extent><format>hardback</location></books>
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Valid XML provides consistency and facilitates the exchange of data
Valid XML is important for displaying, processing and exchanging XML in a wider environment
a root element is required<catalog> …..all your tags and content…</catalog>
closing tags are required
case matters
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elements must be properly nested
<physdesc><extent>10 boxes</extent></physdesc>
<physdesc><extent>10 boxes</physdesc></extent>
http://www.flickr.com/photos/kylemacdonald/3199283481/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/iguanajo/297386921/
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Look at the album information on your sheet of paper In pairs, create xml tags for the information that you
see
e.g.◦ <title></title>, <albumtitle></albumtitle>◦ <artist></artist>, <singer></singer>, <band></band>
10 mins to create tags 5 mins to feedback
archiveshub.ac.uk
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<catalog><cd><title>Lungs</title><artist>Florence and the Machine</artist><genre>indie</genre><year>2009</year></cd>
<cd><title>Slash</title><artist>Slash</artist><genre>rock</genre><year>2010</year></cd>
</catalog>
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A Document Type Definition or Schema defines the building blocks of an XML document
It specifies elements and attributes and defines how they can be used
People can agree to use a common DTD/Schema for interchanging data
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XML file DTD or Schema Valid XML
Blue Elephant Papers
……………………
…………
Blue Elephant Papers
Browse List
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International standard, supported by the W3C Open, licence free and platform neutral Human and machine readable Hierarchical structure (good for archive descriptions) Can be used for data exchange
◦ XML is the main basis for defining data exchange languages ◦ Meaningful tags facilitate extraction – data can be manipulated as
required Government mandates XML for data exchange (e-GIF) XML has been widely adopted commercially as well as in the public
sector
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EAD = Encoded Archival Description
EAD is XML for finding aids
A data structure standard – not a content standard
EAD Working Group (EADWG)
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Allows finding aids to be indexed, searched, retrieved and navigated
Compatible with ISAD(G)
Flexible enough to deal with all types of finding aids◦ single or multi-level, long or short, lists or calendars etc.
Can create new finding aids as well as converting old ones to standardised form
Can share data between systems
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<ead>
<eadheader></eadheader>
<archdesc><did></did>
</archdesc>
</ead>
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<ead> EAD root element<eadheader> EAD file information wrapper
</eadheader>
<archdesc> Finding aid wrapper
<did></did> Core collection information wrapper
</archdesc></ead>
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<archdesc>
<eadheader>
<did>
sub-fonds descriptions
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<archdesc level="fonds"> <did> <unitid>GB 0001 Foster</unitid> <unittitle>Papers of Dr Foster</unittitle> <unitdate normal = "1820-1833">1820-1833</unitdate> <repository>University of Gloucestershire</repository> <physdesc> <extent>1 box</extent> <physfacet>Four folders of letters, 230 folios</physfacet> </physdesc> <langmaterial><language langcode=“eng”>English<language> </langmaterial> <origination>Dr Foster</origination> </did>
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EAD version 1 DTD
EAD 2002 DTD
EAD 2002 Schema
Available from http://www.loc.gov/ead/
Human-readable version: EAD Tag Library (Society of American Archivists)
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Library of Congress Official EAD site: http://www.loc.gov/ead/
Tag Library: http://www.loc.gov/ead/tglib/index.html
EAD Roundtable Help Pages: http://www.archivists.org/saagroups/ead/
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XML is an international standard for sharing information
EAD is the XML language for archival finding aids
EAD is not a content standard
EAD will become increasingly important
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