Architectural Innovations in Perspective (book chapter of "Converging Technologies: Innovation...

7/30/2019 Architectural Innovations in Perspective (book chapter of "Converging Technologies: Innovation Patterns and Impa

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Gradlvmav}rgn Lbbisgvlibq

lb Xmrqxmavlsm

Kmmq Ml`kmn7. Mrlk Kbin?. Qvmsmb V" Zgnqd1

Lbvrif}avlib

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ic vdm qmelaibf}avir lbf}qvr|. vdlq adgxvmr flqa}qqmq mtgexnmq ic lbbisgvlibq lb bgbimnmavriblaq

vdgv lblvlgnn| fi biv nlbk%}x zlvd gb mtlqvlbj sgn}m adglb" Gnn vdm mtgexnmq flqa}qqmf lb vdlq adgxvmr

aieolbm vdm lbvrif}avlib ic vmadbinijlagn bismnv| zlvd vdm armgvlib ic bmz bmvzirkq ic nlbkgjmq" Ib

vdm ibm dgbf bismn vmadbinijlmq grm lbvrif}amf vdgv rgflagnn| fmxgrv crie mtlqvlbj vmadbinijlagn

agxgolnlv| gbf qklnn qmvq" Ib vdm ivdmr dgbf. vdm ciregvlib ic g bmz bmvzirk ic nlbkgjmq lq bmmfmf

vi armgvm g bmz sgn}m adglb xrislflbj egrkmv gaamqq" Gq q}ad. vdm mtgexnmq xrislfm lbqljdv lb vdm

f|bgelaq ic gradlvmav}rgn lbbisgvlib. gb lbbisgvlsm qmvvlbj vdgv airrmqxibfq vi vdm }xxmr rljdv

w}gfrgbv ic vdm Gomrbgvd| gbf Angrk crgemzirk $Gomrbgvd| gbf Angrk. 7


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eivlsgvmq mbvrmxrmbm}rq vi vgkm }x vdm gqqialgvmf adgnnmbjmq"

Gq vdlq qv}f| }bfmrqairmq. vdm f|bgelaq ic vmadbinijlagn aibsmrjmbam. o}v gnqi vmadbinijlagn

orgbadlbj. lq g qi}ram ic bmz vmadbinijlagn ixvlibq ixmblbj }x ixxirv}blvlmq cir rmsin}vlibgr| gbf

rgflagn lbbisgvlib" Lb vdlq adgxvmr. EMEQ $Elari Mnmavri%Emadgblagn Q|qvmeq, vmadbinij| zgq

qmnmavmf gq gb mtmexngr| vmadbinij| lb vdm bgbimnmavriblaq clmnf vi lnn}qvrgvm vdlq f|bgelaq ic

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sgn}m adglb vdri}jd g aieolbgvlib ic vmadbinijlagn agxgolnlvlmq lb qmelaibf}avir gbf EMEQ

egb}cgav}rlbj" Fmqxlvm vdm flccmrmbamq omvzmmb vdm mtgexnmq. g flqa}qqlib ic vdm mtgexnmq gnnizq

cir vdm lfmbvlclagvlib ic qiem cgavirq vdgv grm mqqmbvlgn vi q}aamqqc}nn| lbbisgvm lb gb gradlvmav}rgn

qmvvlbj" Vdmqm cgavirq grm vdmb }qmf vi cire}ngvm rmaieembfgvlibq cir o}qlbmqq gbf xinla| gavirq

lbvmrmqvmf lb gradlvmav}rgn lbbisgvlib lb bgbimnmavriblaq"

EMEQ gbf elariegadlblbj0

qmjembvq lb vdm mnmavribla fmslamq lbf}qvr|

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vi, lvq mnmavrlagn xrixmrvlmq" Mtgexnmq ic EMEQ ogqmf fmslamq grm cir lbqvgbam FBG%adlxq $m"j"

Gcc|emvrlt,. mnmavriqvgvla qmbqirq $m"j" Gbgnij Fmslamq,. lbk`mv dmgfq $m"j" DX gbf Agbib,. dgrf


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flqk dmgfq $m"j" Qmgjgvm, gbf elariqlmsm%ogqmf lbdgnmrq $m"j" Emfqxrg|," Qlbam EMEQ fmslamq

zmrm clrqv lbvrif}amf lb vdm 7


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Clj}rm 7 grm c}rvdmr zirkmf i}v lb vdm xgrgjrgxd Gradlvmav}rgn lbbisgvlibq gbf gavirq lb vdm

flqr}xvlsm a|anmic vdlq adgxvmr",

Clj}rm 70 Qmelaibf}avir vmadbinij| gbf qklnnq armgvlbj gbf qmrslbj flccmrmbv orgbadmq

Mtgexnmq ic gradlvmav}rgn lbbisgvlib

Vmtgq Lbqvr}embvq % Fljlvgn nljdv xriamqqlbj

Vmtgq Lbqvr}embvq lq g dljd%vmad. e}nvlbgvlibgn clre gavlsm lb g e}nvlv}fm ic egrkmvq zlvd lvq

qin}vlibq ogqmf ib fljlvgn qljbgn xriamqqlbj gbf gbgnij}m $qmelaibf}avir, vmadbinijlmq" Vmtgq

Lbqvr}embvq lq gb mtgexnm ic gb lbf}qvr| nmgflbj clre qv}f|lbj bmz vmadbinij| gbf gxxn|lbj lv. biv

ibn| vi lexrism mtlqvlbj xrif}av%egrkmv aieolbgvlibq o}v gnqi lb irfmr vi xgrgad}vm vdm

vmadbinij| lbvi bmz egrkmvq"

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Flslqlib. zgq qmv%}x o| fr" Dirbomak. biz g slam%xrmqlfmbv ic Vmtgq Lbqvr}embvq Zlvdlb Vmtgq

Lbqvr}embvq. vdm Fljlvgn Elarielrrir Fmslam xri`mav iaa}rrmf gq g rmq}nv ic lbsmqvljgvlbj vdm

aibsmrjmbam ic EMEQ gbf qmelaibf}avir elaricgorlagvlib vmadbinij|" Vdm rmq}nvlbj FNX

vmadbinij| }qmq gb gnn%fljlvgn adlx vi xri`mav gbf flqxng| legjmq $m"j" Dirbomak. 7


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Lbqvr}embv. ?883," Vdlq adlx aibqlqvq ic g AEIQ nijlagn fmslam ib vix ic zdlad g rmavgbj}ngr grrg|

ic }x vi g elnnlib dlbjmf. elariqaixla elrrirq lq ei}bvmf $Clj}rm ?," Lb g FNX xri`mavlib q|qvme.

rmf. jrmmb gbf on}m nljdvq grm gnvmrbgvmn| cngqdmf ibvi vdm elrrirq. zdlad qzlvad ib gbf icc lb

rmqxibqm vi g slfmi qljbgn cmf lbvi vdm adlx" Vdm elrrirq agb qzlvad gv g rgvm ic }x vi =.888 vlemq

xmr qmaibf" Vdm nljdv vdm| rmcnmav lq flrmavmf vdri}jd g nmbq ibvi vdm qarmmb armgvlbj gb legjm"

Vifg|. FNX vmadbinij| lq aibqlfmrmf vi om vdm qlbjnm ngrjmqv q}aamqq qvir| lb vdm EMEQ clmnf gq lv

zgq clrqv lbvrif}amf lb g ngrjm rgbjm ic emflg xri`mavlib gxxnlagvlibq gbf eimr rmambvn| lb flqxng|

gxxnlagvlibq" Vdmqm lban}fm o}qlbmqq xri`mavirq. diem albmeg gxxnlagvlibq. xricmqqlibgn slfmi zgnnq

$cir mtgexnm. aieegbf gbf aibvrin ambvrmq }qmf o| vmnmaiee}blagvlibq gbf }vlnlv| aiexgblmq,.

aieemralgn mbvmrvglbembv gxxnlagvlibq $cir lbqvgbam. aibamrvq. gzgrf amrmeiblmq gbf agqlbiq, gbf

gxxnlagvlibq vdgv rmw}lrm vdm golnlv| vi w}lakn|. mgqln| gbf gaa}rgvmn| eif}ngvm nljdv"

Fmqxlvm vdlq q}aamqqc}n i}vaiem. vdm FNX flslqlib zgq bmgrn| mnlelbgvmf g b}eomr ic vlemq qlbam lvq

lbamxvlib" @}qv nlkm egb| ivdmr xrif}av iccmrlbjq ogqmf ib bmzn| lbvrif}amf vmadbinij|. vdm lblvlgn

xrif}av vdgv zgq fmsmnixmf flf biv xrislfm vdm sgn}m vdgv dgf omaiem mtxmavmf o| Vmtgq

Lbqvr}embvq" Dizmsmr. vdm qmaibf gbf vdlrf xrif}av jmbmrgvlib ogqmf ib vdlq vmadbinij| dgsm

cgrmf cgr omvvmr. gnvdi}jd vdm lbbisgvlib `i}rbm| cir vdmqm xrif}avq gnqi kbmz qiem o}exq"

Clj}rm ?0 Ismrslmz ic g FNX. g Fljlvgn Nljdv Xriamqqlbj fmslam $Vmtgq Lbqvr}embvq. ?883,

Vdlq vmadbinij| zgq g bismnv|. biv ibn| cir Vmtgq Lbqvr}embvq o}v gnqi cir vdm mtlqvlbj xri`mavlib

gbf flqxng| o}qlbmqqmq" Gq vdm FNX q|qvme q}oqvlv}vmq vrgflvlibgn flqxng| gbf xri`mavlib

vmadbinijlmq. Vmtgq Lbqvr}embvq dgf vi aiexmvm flrmavn| zlvd clreq lb vdlq qmavir" Cir vdme vdm


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FNX q|qvme ciremf g rgflagn fmxgrv}rm crie vdmlr vrgflvlibgn xrif}av aibamxvq" Lb gfflvlib. vdm

vmadbinijlagn agxgolnlvlmq rmw}lrmf vi xrif}am g FNX q|qvme omgr bi rmqmeongbam vi vdiqm rmw}lrmf

cir vdm egb}cgav}rlbj ic vrgflvlibgn xri`mavlib ir flqxng| q|qvmeq" Vdm rgflagnn| bismn adgrgavmr ic

vdm bmz xrif}av aibamxv zgq g qi}ram ic xrionmeq. o}v lv gnqi jgsm Vmtgq Lbqvr}embvq vdm vlem lv

bmmfmf vi xriom vdm egrkmv gbf nmgrb goi}v a}qviemr bmmfq. zdlnm vdmlr aiexmvlvirq zmrm qv}ak lb

vdm infvmadbinij|%xrif}av xgrgflje" Zdlnm Vmtgq Lbqvr}embvq cia}qqmf ib vdm fmsmnixembv ic

vdmlr FNX q|qvme. vdmlr aiexmvlvirq rmqxibqm zgq vi gaamnmrgvm vdm nmgrblbj lb vdmlr vrgflvlibgn

vmadbinij| nlcma|anmq" O}v gq Vmtgq Lbqvr}embvq ci}bf i}v. g xrif}av frlsmb o| g rgflagn vmadbinij|

eg| biv mb`i| lbqvgbv aieemralgn q}aamqq. msmb lc lv xmrcireq e}ad omvvmr. lq eirm rmnlgonm gbf lq

e}ad admgxmr vdgb mtlqvlbj xrif}avq" Vdm aiexgb| cgamf xrionmeq zdmb vr|lbj vi mbjgjm

fmqljbmrq ic xri`mavlib gbf flqxng| q|qvmeq lb fmqljb gavlslvlmq" C}rvdmr. Vmtgq Lbqvr}embvq dgf vi

ismraiem xrif}avlib xrionmeq rmq}nvlbj lb aibqlfmrgonm aiqv ismrr}bq $qiem qg| olnnlibq ic finngrq,

vdgv zmrm bmmfmf vi ismraiem egb}cgav}rlbj xrionmeq" O}v vdri}jd xmrqmsmrgbam vdm FNX flslqlib

fmsmnixmf lbvi g eirm vdgb &7 olnnlib o}qlbmqq"

Vdm FNX fmslam agb om qmmb gq gb gradlvmav}rgn lbbisgvlib $Gomrbgvd| gbf Angrk. 7


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l%QVGV Elaricgorlagvmf oliqmbqir adlxq

Vdm aiexgb| l%QVGV Airxirgvlib ci}bfmf lb vdm mgrn| 7


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Vdmb. lb ?881. Gooivv Ngoirgvirlmq $Gooivv Ngoirgvirlmq. ?881, gjrmmf vi gaw}lrm vdm qdgrmq ic l%

QVGV lv flf biv gnrmgf| izb cir g bmv vrgbqgavlib sgn}m ic gxxritlegvmn| &1


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Architectural Innovations in Perspective (book chapter of "Converging Technologies: Innovation...

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