Architect’s view on digitalisation in public services How ... · PDF fileAn Enterprise...

Architect’s view on digitalisation in public services

How Open Data and PSI could help in the making of a Smart City ?

SLIDE 1

Aleksander Wyka E-mail: [email protected] Skype: aleksander.wyka

LinkedIn ID: pl.linkedin.com/pub/aleksander-wyka/0/b5a/653/ Certified Trainer Togaf, Archimate P3O, PRINCE II, MSP, MOR certified EU Certified Consultant (Social Business Collaboration)

Copyright Aleksander Wyka 2014

Digital Baltic Public Conference 16 October

http://pl.linkedin.com/pub/aleksander-wyka/0/b5a/653/





http://digitalbaltic.eu/uncategorized/digital-baltic-public-conference-16-october-agenda-and-registration/

About Aleksander Wyka An Enterprise Architect with cross industry experience in

mission critical projects, business process re-engineering, enterprise architecture, and change management initiatives.

He worked as an IT Director, Enterprise Architect, Program Manager and Consultant in Banking, Telecom, Services, Manufacturing, Distribution, Healthcare and ICT.

He is business results oriented, creative and likes to work with models and numbers to support decision making process.

Alex champions the use of the TOGAF framework and ArchiMate visual design language to support business/technology transformations.

Recent consulting assignments:

eCommerce and Mobile Payments, digitalisation of services in Airlines, Media and Postal sectors, Green Technologies in Smart Grid.

SLIDE 2

Agenda

What does Enterprise Architect ?

Top Trends on Radar

Future possible scenarios

Systems thinking and Enterprise Architecture

What is a digital ecosystem

Business Model for Open Data Services in a Smart City

Use Cases of services provided by a Smart City

OP3 – Open Platform Standard from The Open Group

SLIDE 3



• EA doesn’t design houses …

• EA doesn’t develops programs in JAVA … but should understand very well business as well as technology



• Enterprise Architect:

looks at the context: signals, trends, drivers and measures talks to stakeholders to evaluate their drivers, goals, objectives,

measures, concerns and high level requirements develop models, articulate principles, …, manages complexity seek consensus among various parties as an architecture is for

a community define roadmap (how to go from current to target architecture) oversee the implementation of solutions

www.inmagine.com

SLIDE 4

http://www.inmagine.com/searchterms/orchestra_conductors.html

Evaluating signals, top trends, drivers on the socio-economic radar

• Under review: – Gartner’s Nexus of Forces (started in 2009)

– IBM’s Business Value Institute Trends (2013)

– DHL (Deutsch Post) scenarios for 2050 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VE0lPTfsBoI

• Additional lectures recommended:

– EU future scenarios: • Search for DIGITALEUROPE_Vision2020_English.pdf

• Energy, Health Care, Jobs Market, Climate …

• Building Blocks for the future • Digital Infrastructure/Next-Generation Networks

• Future Internet/Next-Generation Services

• Digital Single Market

• ICT Research & Development

• e-Skills

• Online Trust & Security

• Trade Policy

• http://ec.europa.eu/energy/energy2020/roadmap/doc/roadmap2050_ia_20120430_en.pdf

– The Economist Report – The Third Great Wave (free of charge report) – http://www.economist.com/sites/default/files/20141004_world_economy.pdf

SLIDE 5

Highly recomended


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VE0lPTfsBoI

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/energy2020/roadmap/doc/roadmap2050_ia_20120430_en.pdf




http://www.economist.com/sites/default/files/20141004_world_economy.pdf

http://www.economist.com/sites/default/files/20141004_world_economy.pdf

Agenda


Top Trends on Radar







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7

Digital Business Transformation

Internet of Things

Cloud

Analytics

Mobile

Social

Cognitive Automation

Reducing Labor Arbitrage Advantage

Crowd Sourcing

Business Outcome-Based Value and Pricing Models

Disruptive New Competitor Types

Economic Fluctuations and Rise of Emerged Emerging Markets

Local vers. Global ? Privacy and Security Awareness

Who continue to make decisions (X,Y,Z) ? Anti-Globalization Policies and Protectionism

Re-Insourcing

Business Buying Center Shift

Gen Y Leaders

Portfolio Rationalization

Just-In-Time Service Supply Chain Ecosystems

Magnitude of impact

Consumerization

Top Trends on Radar

Does “digital” means happiness ?

5 key trends forseen by IBM in 2013 for next 5 years

• The classroom will teach you

• Buying local will beat online

• “Locals” so local BrickandClick operators would have to dispose of same capabilities as Internet Giants (Amazon, AliBaba, Apple, Google, Facebook) …

• Is it really possible that IBM could build a platform supporting a participatory network … or it is just whishful thinking … up to you to make a judgement

• Doctors will use your DNA to keep you well

• A digital guardian will protect you online

• A city will help you live in it

http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/ibm_predictions_for_future/ideas/

„Locals” won’t be able to stop you from scanning products for price comparison …

SLIDE 8

Agenda


Top Trends on Radar







SLIDE 9



DHL Research - Video projection: • How realisation of future socio-economical scenarios could

impact the planning and the development of our digital ecosystems. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VE0lPTfsBoI

• Enterprise Architect should have the skills to undertake information research, use various methods and technics, analyse stakeholders concerns and deal with complexity.

• He/She should be able to remove complexity when it destroys the value and keep it when it augments the value (balance between benefits and expenditure)

DHL Research – Future Scenarios 2050


VALUE

Use of resources

(Money, people, time,

energy & materials)

Satisfaction of needs

(Monetary and non monetary)

Balance between stakeholders

Balance between use of resourcesBala

nce

be

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Exp

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reVALUE

Use of resources

(Money, people, time,

energy & materials)

Satisfaction of needs

(Monetary and non monetary)

Balance between stakeholders

Balance between use of resourcesBala

nce

be

twe

en B

ene

fits

&

Exp

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UK Cabinet Office

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1. Untamed Economy - Impending Collapse --

SLIDE 11

More of the Same, too much of the

Same

• Driven by materialism

• Lack of agreement for sustainable development around the world

• West’s prosperity stalled

• Asia dominates international organisations

• Arctic deep sea mining

• Most of megacities stagnates (pollution, congestion, …)

I want it all and I want it now !

Heading for a Climate Crash !

2. Mega-Efficiency in Megacities ++

SLIDE 12

Paradigm shift toward Green Grow

• Megacities epicenter of social, economic and political development

• Important stakeholder in global governance

• Rural regions left behind

• Far reaching innovation in ICT (Nexus of Forces, 4D)

• Zero-emmission automated plants

• Degree of automation deeply affect day to day life (incl. home care)

Fully automated way of life

Hubs for global value chain

3. Customized Lifestyles +-

SLIDE 13

Individualisation, Massive

Customisation

• Personalised consumption patterns

• Decentralised infrastructure

• Trading in design blueprints

• Creative divide in knowledge and design

• Massive customisation

• Local food production

• Increased consumption of energy and raw materials

• Greenhouse effect is up

Growing hunger for resources

Recycling on the rise

4. Paralyzing Protectionism --

SLIDE 14

Economic hardship, Globalisation

reversed

• Separate trading blocks

• Lots of tension, international conflicts over resources

• Climate change continues

• Regional trading blocks

• Energy prices doubled

• Infrastructure quality in decline

• Downshifting in living standards

• Political distrust

Lack of compatibility in

OUTERNET

Living standards

down !

5. Global Resilience - Local Adaptation +

SLIDE 15

Policy makers focus together on crisis

management

• Many disasters due to climate change

• Shift in urban areas to safe regions

• Resilient infrastructures

• Swarm intelligence and highly adaptive systems

• Erosion of world trade

• Most of population in urban areas

Abondance was then, redundance is now !

Agenda


Top Trends on Radar







SLIDE 16



Some definitions for start … so we can speak same language

• Enterprise is a System, City is an Enterprise

• Enterprise Architecture is using Systems Thinking approach

• The architecture of an Enterprise is a formal description of a system, or a detailed plan of the system at component level, to guide its implementation. It is the structure of components, their inter-relationships, and the principles and guidelines governing their design and evolution over time.

• Systems thinking is the process of understanding how things, regarded as systems,

influence one another within a whole. In nature, systems thinking examples include ecosystems in which various elements such as air, water, movement, plants, and animals work together to survive or perish. In organizations, systems consist of people, structures, and processes that work together to make an organization "healthy" or "unhealthy".

• Systems thinking has been defined as an approach to problem solving, by viewing "problems" as parts of an overall system, rather than reacting to specific part, outcomes or events and potentially contributing to further development of unintended consequences.

Ref. Vikipedia SLIDE 17

Example of a smart city principle: Consider urban life before urban place; put urban place first before technology.


What is the best vision for our city ? How to translate its strategy into action ? Can we make it less complex and more coherent ? Which capabilities are needed for making our city more attractive for investors, citizens and tourists? Which standards/frameworks should we use for LOGD or Smart City services ?

What are key stakeholders concerns for this new initiative and what would be its value for the City ? How we can improve communication and collaboration with citizens ? What services we could make available in F2F, WEB or Mobility channels ? What are the constraints from Information Systems and Technology layers ? Should we make a proof of concept or a pilot for our new Mobility channel or our Open Data architecture ?

What should be in our project portfolio ? How we can reuse existing “bricks” to build new capabilities faster and better? What platform we need ?

What city’s enterprise architect could be working on ?

Architecture Framework

Architecting Open Data and PSI for a

Smart City ?

TOGAF Copyright Aleksander Wyka 2014

Enterprise Architecture analogy with Urban Planning

Properties

Used waters

Earth properties

Aerial view

Local urban plan

Geographical and Forestry Map

• High level sketch vers. multi-layered view that address views required by by various stakelholders in Paris

• Your concerns will depend on your perspective: – Parisian districts – Key monuments – Key parcs – River Seine – Key roads

We model structure and behaviour • Access channels, locations (structure) • Services, processes, functions (behaviour)

We start from

helicopter view

SLIDE 19 Copyright Aleksander Wyka 2014

Enterprise Architecture analogy with Urban Planning

Properties

Used waters

Earth properties

Geographical and Forestry Map

Aerial view

Local urban plan

Cell phone (GSM) network activity in Graz

Air

Ground

Sources of Open Data SLIDE 20

Copyright Aleksander Wyka 2014 aggregates

• Where is the digital layer (GSM phone network) ?

• Can we get hold of this data while complying with Data Protection Act ?

• Could GSM traffic data (aggregates) help in City Planning (public transport, infrastructure, taxes, disaster management etc.) ?

Agenda


Top Trends on Radar







SLIDE 21



Thesis: given our pervasive digitalization, we are moving at a fast pace to the era of complex digital ecosystems

• Are your customers leaving you behind digitally ?

• Customers Facing digitisation creates the most value

• With increasing digitisation there more opportunities to to engage customers and to identify what they want most

• Your digital business model has three capabilities

content customer experience and platform

Ref. CISR.MIT

It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent, but rather the one most adaptable to change (Charles Robert Darwin)

Which cities will thrive, which ones will decline ?

There are no more businesses that aren’t digital


So what is a Digital Ecosystem ?

• A Digital Ecosystem is a distributed, adaptive, open socio-technical system with properties of self-organisation, scalability and sustainability inspired from natural ecosystems. Digital ecosystem models are informed by knowledge of natural ecosystems, especially for aspects related to competition and collaboration among diverse entities.

• The metaphor of Digital Business Ecosystem was proposed to describe a self-organizing business community that relied on Information Technology (IT) to achieve the objectives set for the European Union at Lisbon Council l, also known as Lisbon Strategy: higher growth, more and more qualified jobs and greater social inclusion.

Ref. Vikipedia


Agenda


Top Trends on Radar







SLIDE 24



Weill & Woerner (2013), “Optimizing Your Digital Business Model,” MIT Sloan Management Review

City’s Digital Business Model Compatibility with Smart City Goals

High Value at no charge or at marginal price tag Should

promote Local versus

Global

“Giants” do not contribute as much as small and medium size local players … (better jobs, social life, taxes collected)

From producer to fridge

SLIDE 25

Should comply with Open Standards


How Smart City can approach long term planning and transformation ?

• Focus on every quarter numbers like most of stock exchange quoted enterprises ?

• 5 years plan ? • Assumptions:

– Change is constant – Given that acceleration of change is constant we cannot plan

any more on 5 year cycle – We have to look for signals, trend, drivers and to develop few

probable scenarios ! – And revisit our scenarios on regular basis for fine tuning and

adaptation – City needs a communication plan and a collaboration

platform for interacting with citizens and partners !

SLIDE 26


Given our pervasive digitalization, we are moving at a fast pace to the era of complex digital ecosystems

SLIDE 27

a Smart City

a Smart City

Collaboration Platform


Who are the leaders in Smart City Pack ? NYC, London, San Francisco, Paris, Stockholm or Tallin ?

Collaboration platform is a must if we

want to engage with

many stakeholders

We need to define

Information Architecture if

we want to manage

participation

http://www.societing.org/2012/07/be-open-to-be-smart-trasformare-le-citta-in-smart-city/

What business model should underpin smart city digital ecosystem ?

• Principle: your citizens are your customers

• Data availability makes your city management more responsible and accountable

• Smart City digital business model also has three capabilities

1. content (Open Data and PSI)

2. customer experience

3. open platform

SLIDE 28

Which ones will thrive ? What capabilities need my city ?

a Smart City

a Smart City

Collaboration Platform

Stakeholders


http://www.societing.org/2012/07/be-open-to-be-smart-trasformare-le-citta-in-smart-city/

Agenda


Top Trends on Radar







SLIDE 29



Look for Smart City business Use-Cases Define their value and develop scenarios

SLIDE 30

Define metrics for your city to track your progress

Smart City Metrics based on NYC example

• Digital reach (digital channel analytics, real time stats) • Age groups (analytics for feedback from stakeholders) • Digital input (who and what, real time stats) • Number of internal data sets published (% of use per data set) • % of data enrichment from partners and citizens (per data set) • Roadmap progress (PMO communication: on track, off track

delivery of new capabilities) • % of total city yearly budget (investment, running costs) • Need to develop a common standard for DigitalBaltic

community to promote best practices, solutions reuse and to enable community life development

http://www.nyc.gov/html/media/media/PDF/90dayreport.pdf SLIDE 31 Copyright Aleksander Wyka 2014

http://www.mikebloomberg.com/index.cfm?objectid=A6625381-C29C-7CA2-F3BE822BC51E5369

We can seek analogies from our economy What these devices have in common ?

http://inhabitat.com/oslos-all-electric-car-share-program-just-reached-1000-members/

Don’t be misled ! Behind the device we can have a complex ecosystem and a marketplace platform

iPhone xBox Samsung


http://www.mikebloomberg.com/index.cfm?objectid=A6625381-C29C-7CA2-F3BE822BC51E5369

http://www.netbookhelden.de/amazon-6-zoll-kindle-fur-deutschland-und-deutscher-buch-store-geoffnet/

http://www.google.com/imgres?sa=X&rlz=1C1ASUT_enPL427PL427&espv=210&es_sm=93&biw=1366&bih=600&tbm=isch&tbnid=tubfLYzMxCEgJM:&imgrefurl=http://www.crunchbase.com/product/iphone&docid=HRlUrxWF2yCGEM&imgurl=http://s3.amazonaws.com/crunchbase_prod_assets/assets/images/original/0021/2054/212054v1.jpg&w=558&h=1042&ei=UgTxUs-oIMn_rQeliICgBg&zoom=1&ved=0CGoQhBwwAA

Use Case: healthcare support through community portal - PHR ecosystem

• Commodity devices used to deliver eHealth care (eg. Alzheimer disease)

• HIMS - Developing a pilot e-mobile app for dementia caregiver support: Lessons learned – http://ojni.org/issues/?p=3095

– http://www.alz.org/cleveland/in_my_community_59684.asp

– Context augmented for the purpose of DigitalBaltic conference

Train caregivers

Monitor patients


Can assist patients during

the night SLIDE 33

http://ojni.org/issues/?p=3095




http://www.alz.org/cleveland/in_my_community_59684.asp

http://www.alz.org/cleveland/in_my_community_59684.asp

Example of your city Use Case Wooden toys artists cooperative ToyTroy

supported by City ecosystem

• LOGD Company Register (City’s platform): each company information record has been augmented to allow wooden toys artists in the city and suburbs to understand what exactly they do and what they have in common (see trees out of the forest)

• eID (City’s platform): artists can log into city’s portal to see their records and to provide additional information leading to cooperation initiatives

• eSyndication (City’s platform): new toys export syndicate has been set up by project leader (artists community), later on this capability would be used to invite for co-operation wooden toys manufacturers from a remote forestry region

• eReputation (City’s platform): export syndicate has elected their council from community members based on their eReputation rating

• eCollaboration (City’s platform): new export project has been opened, content provided by artists overseen by project leader

• City has engaged in an active export promotion program …


Agenda


Top Trends on Radar







SLIDE 35



OP3 Multi sided Open Technology and Market Platform

Open Platform 3.0

Social Big data Online marketplaces

Cloud Sensors Mobility

SLIDE 36

OP3 current project: develop a standard for enterprise ecosystem

platform

Where to look for best example for the development

of our platform ?

OP3 Multi sided Open Technology and Market Platform

Sensors and Internet of Things …

Industrial Internet

Quantified Self, Quantified Life..

Crowd sourcing, funding , Open Innovation

New mechanisms

New information models

New objects

New Markets

Open Platform 3.0

SLIDE 37

Smart Business Use, Procurement, Orchestration

Compliance Security

Agile Architecture

Systems Provision and Management

Programming, Integration

SLIDE 38

What could be the best ecosystem platform for your Smart City?

Help Desk, Community Support, Partners Network

Interoperability for LOGD URI Policy – persistent, resolvable identifiers

• Commonly-agreed data models • Controlled vocabularies LDaaS – Linked Data as a Service

M2M (sensors)


http://blogs.msdn.com/b/interoperability/archive/2009/09/22/microsoft-zend-and-others-announce-simple-api-for-cloud-application-services.aspx

http://www.slideshare.net/michaeljohnkoster/opensourcestackforiot-131017193902phpapp02

End of Presentation

SLIDE 39

I leave you with a question: How would you deal with generation gap that we can see between all these age groups while Generation X is in command in most of places … ?

http://elevationekidz.com/posts/a-great-question-to-ask-your-kids/

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