Arborist THE BUCKEYE - Ningapi.ning.com/files/wVRmJC52bu1Mpu5mOuDYSULbqoAAvB75R65K8... · for Adams...

President’s Branch

ArboristT H E B U C K E Y E

During the first week of August, I had the opportunity to be part of a team researching a rigging experiment at the tree biomechanics week in Shalersville, Ohio. Being from a plant health care background, this experience reinforced my appreciation for those of you who possess the skill of assessing (planning) the ascent of trees, tying knots, climbing, maneuvering through the canopy and rigging.

On September 24, the Ohio Chapter will be hosting the annual Ohio Tree Climbing Championship. The event will be held in Northeastern Ohio at The Holden Arboretum in Kirtland. Special thanks in advance to all the volunteers and sponsors including event chair, Alan Kraus of Independent Tree.

Among the events the contestants are competing in are secured footlock, belayed speed climb, aerial rescue, work climb and throwline. The winner of both the men’s and women’s divisions will represent the Ohio Chapter at the 2017 International Tree Climbing Championship at the US National Arboretum in Washington, DC.

Safe success to the climbers in this event. I invite all our members and guests to join us at The Holden Arboretum on September 24 to witness the special skills of our climbers. For further details of the championship please see “Events” on the Chapter’s website or call the Chapter’s office at (614) 771-7494.

Meet Otis Gordon, tree worker for Adams Tree Preservation in the Mahoning Valley area. Otis was awarded one of the Ohio Chapter’s 2015 certified arborist scholarships.

Otis is a lifelong area resident and has been a key part of Adams Tree Preservation since their start. He started as a lead groundman overseeing ground operations and

the many responsibilities that entails – rigging, logistics, and coordinating communication between the canopy and the ground.

Last Fall, Otis attended the Ohio Chapter’s Certified Arborist preparation course and in November, successfully passed the ISA Certified Arborist exam.

Otis earned his bachelor’s degree from Youngstown State University and after many years in the medical field, he began his career in tree care as a member of the forestry department at Mill Creek MetroParks where he spent several years before joining the Adams Tree Preservation team.

Otis and his wife have one amazing daughter and two very special dogs. His favorite tree is the white pine because of its scent. He enjoys hiking and cycling and looks forward to connecting with other Chapter members on Facebook.

Ohio Chapter International Society of Arboriculturewww.ohiochapterisa.org

Meet the MemberBy Dr. Richard Rathjens

Mark Your Calendar

PAGE 2

2 0 1 6S E P T E M B E R / O C T O B E RV O L U M E 4 7 , N O . 5

6 7 8 9

13 14 15 16Career Spotlight

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2020 Canopy Goal

PAGE 11

Earn CEU’s at Home

PAGE 17

Ohio Chapter InternationalSociety of Arboriculture

2016-2017 Board of Directors

Richard Rathjens, PresidentThe Davey InstituteKent, OH

Ernie Brinker, Vice PresidentTownsend Tree ServiceWoodsfield, OH

Tom Munn – TreasurerCity of HudsonHudson, OH

Danny BagwellPioneer Electric CooperativePiqua, OH

Jim JenkinsDavey Resource GroupKent, OH

Brad McBrideDavey Resource GroupKent, OH

Jennifer MilbrandtCity of StrongsvilleStrongsville, OH

Samantha SimmonsPhoenix Tree CareColumbus, OH

Tyler StevensonODNR Division of ForestryColumbus, OH

Shirley Vaughn, Past PresidentDavey Tree Expert Co.Kent, OH

2 The Buckeye Arborist September/October 2016

THE BUCKEYE ARBORISTPublisherOhio Chapter International Society of ArboriculturePO Box 267 Baltimore, OH 43105-9998Phone: (614) 771-7494 Email: [email protected]: www.OhioChapterISA.org

EditorDixie Russell, CAE, CMP, Executive Director

Contributing EditorsLaura Fay, FLOWJennifer Milbrandt, City of StrongsvilleErin Miller, Columbus Environmental StewardTina Mohn, Columbus Natural Resource & Property ManagerThomas Munn, City of HudsonCharles Owen, City of BrecksvilleChris Peiffer, Plan-It GeoRichard Rathjens, The Dave InstituteDixie Russell, Ohio Chapter ISA

Proofreading EditorJohn Siefer, Davey Tree Expert Co.

ArticlesSubmit articles in Word format to the Editor at [email protected] for consideration. All articles are subject to technical review. Accepted articles may be edited for brevity, clarity and adherence to Chapter requirements and standards. Submissions must contain original work.

An ISA Certified Arborist in good standing may receive CEUs for work published in The Buckeye Arborist.

AdvertisingAcceptance and publication of advertisements, editorial copy or product announcements do not necessarily imply Ohio Chapter ISA’s endorsement of said products or techniques, nor does it reflect the opinion of the Chapter regarding any such product or technique. The Buckeye Arborist reserves the right to refuse any advertisement that is deemed unsuitable for publication.

For advertising reservations and material deadlines, rates and data – as well as other Ohio Chapter ISA sponsorship and messaging opportunities – please contact the Ohio Chapter at [email protected].

Mark Your CalendarSeptember 21

Saluting Branches

September 21 – November 2ISA Certified Arborist Prep Course

Wooster, OH

September 24Ohio Tree Climbing Championship

Kirtland, OH

October 1-2North American Tree Climbing

ChampionshipNiagara Falls, Ontario, Canada

October 9-152016 Stihl Tour des Trees

Cruise the Carolinas

November 9ISA Certified Exams

Wooster, OH

Jan. 31-Feb. 2. 2017Ohio Tree Care Conference

Cincinnati, OH

June 14, 2017Annual Chapter Golf Outing

The Virtues Golf ClubNashport, OH

Visit www.OhioChapterISA.org/Events for complete details on each event.

Ohio Chapter ISAThe Mission of the Ohio Chapter International Society of Arboriculture is to advance responsible tree care practices through research, technology and education, while promoting the benefits of trees.

The Ohio Chapter Values investing in the future of professional arboriculture through education, research, safety and communication, while maintaining integrity and credibility.

The Buckeye Arborist September/October 2016 3

Career SpotlightPosition: Plant Healthcare Technician

Lou Meyer works as a plant healthcare technician for The Davey Tree Expert Company. His main role is to treat the trees, shrubs, and turf on their clients’ properties for any problems, present or foreseen. To do this effectively, it is important for Lou to be able to identify species and any biotic or abiotic issues that the plants might host or exhibit. In his office in North Cincinnati, he is also the landscape designer and lead installation technician, a member of the vegetation

management team and property maintenance team. Occasionally, Lou also assists tree crews, grinds stumps, uses excavation air tools, and whatever else is needed.

Lou worked his way through college with a small tree care company and a small organic land care company in Cincinnati. After graduating, he entered the financial industry as a financial advisor for a large bank, but missed working outdoors so much that he left to go back into landscape design with a local firm, taking design classes at night at Cincinnati State Community College. When that firm moved its operations out of state, Lou joined Davey Tree as a foreman on a commercial mowing crew, and finally moved to their residential division as a Plant Healthcare Technician in 2014. Along the way he also worked as a camp counselor at a marine biology camp in the Bahamas, as a bartender and server, a professional painter, and an admissions counselor for a community college.

In December 2012, Lou left the design firm and called around to three companies in the arboriculture field, making it clear that he understood they were probably not hiring in December, but that he still wanted to meet to discuss opportunities for the upcoming season. Two of the companies were confused as to why someone might be excited to build a relationship for the upcoming season. Lou has risen within the organization by asking how he can improve himself as an employee and bring value to the company. When he was told that Davey Tree values

an ISA certification, he immediately set out to become a Certified Arborist. Most recently, I became a Certified Municipal Arborist, and now he has his sights set on becoming a Board Certified Master Arborist as soon as he is eligible.

Lou loves working with the public, either one on one with clients or representing the profession at Arbor Day events, community tree walks, or client events. Getting people excited about the value of trees, especially children and young adults, is a passion for him.

This past Spring, he was invited to represent his local office as a presenter of ‘Tree Facts’ for a preschool in a local municipality. The event was open to the public, and a Tilia cordata (Littleleaf Linden), was donated by a community member for the children to plant. After learning about the importance of trees and shrubs, the kids helped dig the hole, one plastic shovelful at a time, and then after the tree was set, they shoveled the soil back. Outside of arboriculture, as a new father Lou is constantly learning about the amazing adventure of fatherhood!

Arboriculture is an incredibly broad field with so many amazing professional routes to follow. Whether you have high school education or a PhD, there are opportunities to make a career in the industry. Lou advises that whatever your background, constantly push yourself to bring value to yourself through education and experience, and this will bring value to whatever organization you work for, which is good news for you as an employee. Respect your trees and shrubs, be honest with your clients, and be true to yourself; and always, always stay safe.

Certified Arborist Prep Course Scheduled

The Ohio Chapter will partner with OSU Extension to provide a fall 2016 Certified Arborist preparation course. The course will be held at Secrest Arboretum in Wooster. This will be a great opportunity to work with OSU Extension staff in the ideal setting of Secrest Arboretum. The seven-week consecutive program will run Wednesday evenings September 21 through November 2 from 5:00 – 9:00 pm.

Don’t miss this opportunity to prepare for taking the ISA Certified Arborist exam with industry colleagues. If you are already a certified arborist, you can participate as a refresher course and earn valuable CEU’s! The ISA exam will be held November 9 at the same location.

Class size is limited, so don’t delay – register today! Dinner, networking, and exploring Secrest Arboretum will be held from 5:00 – 6:00 pm, followed by classroom style instruction from 6:00 – 9:00 pm.

Secure on-line registration is available at www.OhioChapterISA.org.

Certification Corner

We are honored to recognize in this issue, the following individuals who recently received new credentials.

Congratulations to all!

ISA BOARD CERTIFIED MASTER ARBORISTDaniel J. McCarthy, Columbus

ISA CERTIFIED MUNICIPAL SPECIALISTStephen M. Schneider, Ashville

ISA CERTIFIED UTILITY SPECIALISTMark Cool, Smithville

ISA TREE WORKER CLIMBER SPECIALISTNicholas Markley, Rock Creek

ISA CERTIFIED ARBORISTBarry Thayne Bedenkop, Jr., CincinnatiMark Wayne Castator, Terrace ParkMichael Ian Cotter, BataviaJohn Brian Green, SidneyChristopher J. Hales, North RidgevilleSean R. Kovacs, Dayton

April Myers, MilfordBrad Nagle, EuclidTimothy T. Rambeau, Tipp CityJason Lee Smith, BrookvillePatrick L. Tilt, BeavercreekJack Cole Traynor, ColumbusDalton M. Westerbeck, Cincinnati

INtroducINg

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*Registered in most states. Check registration status at your state’s department of agriculture.

For more information visit www.arborjet.comor call 781-935-9070

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Tolerance

Enhances Root Hair Growth



TREE Fund UpdateBy Charles Owen

A Long Hot SummerI don’t know about your part of the state but in the northeast it’s been hot and dry, with emphasis on the hot and dry! Though not a native here, this has been the most brutal summer I recall in my thirty years in Ohio. And I’m from Georgia…I know hot when I feel it!

The long dry spell finally came to an end on the day of Team Ohio’s biggest fundraiser of the year: the third annual Pig Roast and Wine & Beer Tasting Event (aka Pigstock) at The Holden Arboretum on July 30. Those of us professionally involved in plant culture were not at all upset to see the rain. It was only a minor, and welcome, inconvenience that we were fully prepared for – enough tents and other shelter for all the diners and sheets of plastic to cover tables holding the silent auction items. Team Captain Beth Buchanan thought of everything, as usual!

Most of the rest of the Team was also there to help out for the day. Our volunteers served in whatever appropriate capacity they could and the Team riders served up generous portions when the time came to chow down.

The success of the outing can be measured in more than one way. It was sold out ahead of time. Everyone seemed to have had a good time. And despite having to shell out for rental tents this year, Team Ohio and the TREE Fund netted around $23,000!!!

The eleven members of Team Ohio that are participating in the Stihl Tour des Trees to benefit the TREE Fund are all getting ready to Cruise the Carolinas October 9-15. Regular training and fund raising are ongoing. The team can still use your help. Please visit the donor page

at www.stihltourdestrees.org to donate to an individual rider or to the Team to help meet the $70,000 team goal. We are about $6,000 short of our goal.

Your donations are making a difference! The Tree Research & Education Endowment Fund is pleased to announce the first of their 2016 grant awards totaling over $160,000 for urban tree research and arboriculture education. As part of a strategic goal to increase the number, value, and impact of grants, the TREE Fund board awarded three Hyland R. Johns Research Grants with a maximum value of $50,000 each, the largest outlay under this signature program since 2008. They expect to award nearly $300,000 in additional grants by year end, bringing their total disbursement of funding to nearly $3 million since its inception in 2002.

In other news from the TREE Fund, October 1 is the deadline for both the John Z. Duling Grant (up to $25,000) and the Jack Kimmel International Grant (up to $10,000). Visit www.treefund.org for application materials and more information.

And the biggest news…As I mentioned in the last issue, our own Team Ohio Captain and TREE Fund Liaison, Beth Buchanan, is the winner of the 2016 Ken Ottman Award for outstanding volunteer service to the TREE Fund. She was recognized in August at the ISA Conference in Ft. Worth. We have always recognized her as the cream of the crop and we’re glad she is also getting national attention! Beth has done a lot to earn the trophy and right to wear that big smile!

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Ohio Chapter ISA Awards P.O. Box 267, Baltimore, OH 43105

Phone/fax (614) 771-7494

email [email protected]

Deadline for nominations is December 1

SECTION 1 NOMINEE’S CONTACT INFORMATION

Name: ___________________________________________________ Company/Organization: _______________________

Street Address:____________________________________________City: ________________________________________

State: _______________ Zip: ________________ Phone: ________________ E-mail: _____________________________

SECTION 2 NOMINATOR’S CONTACT INFORMATION (optional)

Name: ___________________________________________________ Company/Organization: ________________________

Street Address:____________________________________________City: _______________________________________

State: _______________ Zip: _________________ Phone:_________________ E-mail: _____________________________

SECTION 3 AWARD CATEGORIES: Select an award category below for committee consideration.

SECTION 4 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Please provide additional information about the nominee.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORK: Please print or type.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________ SUMMARY OF WORK – Please attach a one-page summary which explains the 1) history, 2) results and 3) impact of the nominee’s work. This information is required for committee consideration.

SUPPORTING INFORMATION – You may also send photographs, newspaper clippings, etc. to support the above information; however, this information is not a required part of the application.

_____ AWARD OF MERIT is the highest honor the Ohio Chapter can bestow and recognizes outstanding meritorious service in advancing the principles, ideals and practices of arboriculture. This award is granted only to members of the Ohio Chapter who have made material contributions to the advancement of arboriculture either through internal organization, general research, invention, promotion or field practice. The recipient of this award will also be nominated for an ISA award of distinction.

_____ AWARD OF ACHIEVEMENT may be granted to an individual or firm who has, through specific projects, programs or research, contributed to the advancement of the use and/or maintenance of shade trees and other landscape plants in the Ohio area. The person or firm being considered for this award is recognized for outstanding accomplishments during recent years. The nominees do not need to be members of the Ohio Chapter or ISA.

_____ HONORARY MEMBERSHIP providing a one-year free membership, recognizes those individuals who are not members of the Ohio Chapter who have shown continued interest and have given outstanding service in promoting arboriculture. Recipients will have given material contributions to the advancement of arboriculture either through research, field practice, promotion, invention or literature. The Chapter Honorary Membership shall be limited to not more than one individual annually.

_____ SAFETY AWARD recognizes an individual’s or crew’s heroic reaction to an emergency situation and/or an

outstanding company contribution for a member’s proactive program to address safety issues within its own company or community. This award shall be bestowed upon not more than two individuals, organizations, firms or other entities in recognition of an outstanding effort in promoting safety. The nominees do not need to be members of the Ohio Chapter or ISA.

_____ GOLD LEAF AWARD recognizes individuals, groups or businesses for outstanding Arbor Day recognition activities or community beautification projects.



Tree Tech BytesBy Mark Webber, Board-Certified Master Arborist

“Hand Saws” Finding the Right CutOne of the most important tools used by arborists is the hand pruning saw. This tool offers flexible options that are available for sale by multiple suppliers, price points, and design styles. These options offer the arborist more opportunities to make better pruning cuts that are safer to perform and will enhance tree wound closure rates.

In this issue, we’ll explore and offer tips on how to select and choose the right hand saw for your arboricultural practice. This article is in no way an endorsement of any product or manufacturer by the author or the Ohio Chapter ISA and this articles intended purpose is to provide unbiased information. More so, how the end user should better utilize hand saws for the improvement of safety and better wound closure rates in trees.

Photo source http://www.garrettwade.com/professional-pruning-saws-gp.html

Safety FirstHand saw blades are sharp and will cut wood. Therefore, these same devices can easily cause injuries to the person operating the saw or any other individuals nearby. These kinds of injuries are foreseeable and preventable if safety precautions are followed. When choosing and operating any hand saw the user should always follow the manufacturers instructions and wear the appropriate personal protection equipment (PPE).

How a Hand Saw Blade Cuts?The saw blade functions like a series of knives (teeth) and performs 3 essential roles simultaneously: cutting, separating wood fibers, and clearing the wood fibers.

Cutter teeth — All saws, regardless of the tooth pattern, are made up of two rows of cutting edges. The saw releases wood fibers on each side of the kerf as it passes through a log.

Gullets — Wood fiber that has been severed must be stored by the saw while it is moved through the kerf and out of the cut. This storage area (the largest space between cutters or groups of cutters) is called a gullet. The gullet must be large enough to store all the shavings until the gullet clears the log and the shavings fall free.

Rakers — Wet or green wood is hard to remove from the kerf because it is resilient. Even when the fiber is dislodged, it clogs a saw’s cutter teeth. A special kind of tooth, the raker, allows the cutter teeth to work more effectively with less effort. Even though the rakers do not sever fiber, they do perform the other two functions of saw teeth: breaking loose the cut fiber and removing it from the log. Rakers remove material whether the saw is being pushed or pulled.

Selecting and utilizing the correct saw blade promotes the formation of callus when pruning cuts are made.

Tooth PatternsChoosing the right tooth pattern in a saw blade can have dramatic effects on the subject tree branch being pruned and the ease of the hand sawing operation. For centuries, only the plain tooth (or peg tooth) pattern was used. Modifications to the plain tooth pattern were developed to make the work easier. I will discuss six patterns: the plain tooth, the M tooth, the Great American tooth, the champion tooth, the lance tooth, and the perforated lance tooth.

Photo Source US Forest Service

Plain Tooth (Peg Tooth) Pattern — This pattern just includes cutter teeth. It is best used for cutting dry, very hard, or brittle small-diameter wood. Many bow saws and pruning saws use a plain tooth pattern.

M Tooth Pattern — This is the second generation of saw tooth pattern. The tooth pattern consists of pairs of teeth separated by a gullet. The outer edges of the teeth (the legs of the M) are vertical and act like rakers. The inside edges of the M are filed to a bevel, making a point. This tooth pattern is best suited for cutting dry, medium to hard woods.

Great American Tooth Pattern — This tooth pattern, three teeth separated by a gullet, is designed to cut dry, medium to hard woods.

Tree Tech Bytes Cont. on page 8

A special file is used to file these saws. The file can still be purchased today and is called a crosscut file or a Great American file.

Champion Tooth Pattern — This pattern is especially popular in the hardwood regions of North America. Its larger teeth are sharpened in more of an almond shape rather than the pointed shape of a lance tooth.

Lance Tooth Pattern — For many years, the lance tooth pattern was the standard for felling and bucking timber. It consists of two alternately set cutter teeth and an unset raker with a gullet between them. The cutters are wider and more massive than the lance tooth pattern, allowing heavy sawing in extra hard, dry, or frozen wood.

Perforated Lance Tooth Pattern — This tooth pattern is considered a general utility pattern that can cut all but hard and frozen wood. It consists of groups of four alternately set cutters separated by an unset raker with gullets on each side. The bridges between the teeth form the perforations that give the pattern its name. These bridges strengthen the teeth and reduce chatter when the saw is used to cut harder wood.

Variations in Tooth DesignHardpoint teeth have been heat treated after grinding. Most manufacturers claim that Hardpoint teeth will last at least 4 times longer. However, Hardpoint teeth cannot be effectively re-sharpened.

Fileable — certain saws can have their teeth sharpened by a specialized file, in most cases these are offered by the manufacturer.

Hand-Saw TypesCrosscut saws — There are two types of crosscut saws: symmetric crosscut saws are designed for a sawyer at each end, and asymmetric saws require only one sawyer.

Hand chain saws — The hand chain saw weighs only 2 pounds compared to 11 to 16 pounds for a standard crosscut saw. The saw showed promise during early testing, but over time, it has not proved to be a suitable replacement for a traditional crosscut saw. It may be appropriate for occasional or emergency use.

Bow saw — Bow saws are useful for clearing small downfall and for removing limbs. Modern bow saws come in many sizes and consist of a tubular steel frame designed to accept replaceable blades. Although the bow saw is designed for one person, two people can saw large logs more efficiently. Two people operate the bow saw like a crosscut, each works only on the pull stroke.

Pole saw — This saw has a curved blade attached to a long extension handle and is used to prune high protruding limbs. The teeth face backward on the underside of the blade, so the cut is made on the pull stroke. The curved blade helps prevent binding and transfers the weight of the tool to the branch to aid cutting. Handles can typically be extended.

Pruning saw — Pruning saws may be a single body or may be flexible and can be folded and are useful for limbing up trees, some brush cutting, and removing a small downfall, particularly when space is

Tree Tech Bytes Cont. on page 9

acrtinc.com/training© Copyright ACRT Inc., All Rights Reserved.

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• October 24–28, 2016

Basic Arborist

• October 17–21, 2016

Electrical Hazard Training

• Call for details

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• Call for details

This schedule includes programs taught at ACRT training centers in Akron, Ohio. If none of these programs fi t your training needs, call School Director Lois Tennant at (800) 622-2562, ext. 240, for more info and class schedules.

Training is crucial for success, which is why ACRT places great value in training safety-focused, knowledgeable arborists.

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TRAINING THAT GOES WHERE YOU GO.

Successful completion of these courses helps students maintain ISA credentials.

Training Schedule

Tree Tech Bytes Cont. from page 7



limited and cutting is difficult. The triangular handle design limits the cutting depth, however. Blades vary from 10 to 36 inches, and saws weigh from ¾ to 2½ pounds.

Hand Sawing Basics:• Wear appropriate PPE, which should be directed by the

manufacturer. Wearing ANSI/ASTM approved eyewear, and other PPE’s are required to be worn by all arborists working with trees and plants as stated in ANSI Z133.

• Before you start to cut, make a plan of how you plan to cut the targeted plant part and establish a planned exit strategy for the sawyer and all those in and near the work zone.

• Use light pressure. Start slow and let the saw do the work.• Don’t twist the blade. Keep it perpendicular to your work.• Use as long of strokes as possible. This will help you make

straighter, smoother cuts, will make the blade last longer, and help the blade remove sawdust efficiently.

• To get straight cuts, pay more attention to where you want the saw to go than where it is.

• Keep your blades sharp and true. Before you start sawing, sight down the blade to make sure it is straight, flat, and none of the teeth are bent too far from the center. Sharpen or replace dull or bent blades.

Hand Pruning Saw Blade Care• Use a scabbard to protect the blades (and protect you from the

blades).• Keep your saws clean and dry. Dirty blades are more likely to

rust and bind. Most saws will stay rust free when kept clean, in a climate-controlled area. Rust can be prevented by rubbing the blade with a light oil.

• Sharpening and setting saw blades can be done by hand, but it takes special tools (and much experience) to do it right.

Product Options

Manufacturer # of hand saws

Blade length

Tooth pitch

Notes

STIHL Precision Series™

8 5.75”-12” 13, 15.17 Models offered are folding, fixed with a wide offering in blade finishes

Silky 50+ Wide assortment

Multiple Handsaws, pole saws, and choppers to folding saws and some replacement blades

Oregon 5 6”-15” Not stated

Handsaws, pole saws, and folding saws

Felco 4 6”-12” 1 - 4 mm HandsawsCorona 40+ Wide

assortmentMultiple Handsaws,

pole saws, and choppers to folding saws and some replacement blades

Choosing the Right Hand SawThe first step in selecting the correct hand pruning saw for the practicing arborist begins with knowing the diameter and condition of the branch or tree stem to be cut. The options in hand saws are so vast that the status in which the pruning work is being done truly dictates which saw, blade length, blade construction, teeth design, and other options when selecting the right hand saw for the job. These options offer the practicing arborist to select and choose the right saw for the right condition that best fit a trees pruning needs and what will enhance wound closure rates.

Much like a butcher uses different knives to perform the cutting of select cuts of meat, the practicing arborist should always have the option to choose the right hand saw to make the cut that provides the best safe method for both the sawyer and those around him/herself. More so, the saw selected should provide the best options for the subject tree to form callus tissue and wound wood for the trees well-being.

Sources0667-2805-MTDC: Chain Saw and Crosscut Saw Training Course Student’s Guidebook 2006 Edition. (2016). Fs.fed.us. Retrieved 17 June 2016, from http://www.fs.fed.us/t-d/pubs/htmlpubs/htm06672805/page01.htm

SHIGO AL, MARX HG(1977). Compartmentalization of Decay in Trees. Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service. Agriculture Information Bulletin No. 405

Anonymous. ANSI A300 standard & ISA (Part 1)-2008 Tree Pruning and Removal Practices. TCA/ISA

Anonymous. ANSI Z133 Safety Standards for Arboricultural Operation, TCA/ISA

Christopher Luley. Biology and Assessment of Callus and Woundwood. Arborist News. International Society of Arboriculture. April 2015. Pp 12-21

F. Esposito, D. Malerba, G. Semeraro and J. Kay, “A comparative analysis of methods for pruning decision trees,” in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 476-491, May 1997.

Hand Pruning Saws — Arboriculture Saw and Folding Saw | STIHL USA. (2016). Stihlusa.com. Retrieved 17 June 2016, from http://www.stihlusa.com/products/hand-tools/hand-pruning-saws/

Hand Saws. (2016). Silkysaws.com. Retrieved 17 June 2016, from http://www.silkysaws.com/Silky_Saws/Hand-Saws_8

Oregon Big Catalog 2016. (2016). Content.yudu.com. Retrieved 17 June 2016, from http://content.yudu.com/web/y5b2/0A1k7eb/OregonBigCatalog2016/flash/resources/index.htm?referrerUrl=#noRedirect

Felco Pruning Saws are Awesome. (2016). Felcostore.com. Retrieved 17 June 2016, from https://www.felcostore.com/saws

Tree Tech Bytes Cont. from page 8


Dollar$ and $en$e By Thomas Munn

In August, 33 arborists from Ohio, Tennessee, and Wisconsin went through the ISA Tree Risk Assessment Qualification (TRAQ) course held in Ohio. Arborists spent three days learning about the likelihood and severity of risk. What used to be called “Hazard Tree Assessment” is now a methodology about risk and judgement of likelihood of failure, impact, consequences and risk ratings. The tree owner or manager also has a duty of care and a level of “acceptable risk”. Could these concepts apply in crew safety and finance/investments?

Crew SafetyGoogle search “OSHA Focus Four” or “Fatal Four”. Sixty percent (60%+) of worker fatalities fall into these four categories:

Falls – 359 out of 899 total deaths in construction in CY 2014 (39.9%)

Electrocutions – 74 (8.2%)Struck by Object – 73 (8.1%)Caught-in/between* – 39 (4.3%)

(*workers killed when caught-in or compressed by equipment or objects, and struck, caught, or crushed in collapsing structure, equipment, or material)

The morning job briefing should include a tree risk assessment of the tree(s) being worked on, as well as an overall job risk assessment that includes a discussion of the above Fatal Four. What analysis, assessment, risk rating, communication and reporting occurs BEFORE the actual tree work begins? An Akron area arborist recently died while on the job. He was crotched into a green growing tree that unfortunately was not stable and broke while the trimmer was aloft. How VERY sad to lose colleagues and fellow ISA certified arborists.

Every year tree workers are electrocuted while trimming trees.

Questions regarding risk: At what point do I exceed “acceptable risk” in my job? When considering the balance of production versus prevention, do I err on the side of accident prevention? What is reasonable, prudent and responsible for the job risk that I accept for myself and my crew? Am I humble enough to admit when a job is beyond my skill set and experience/training? Advanced tree risk assessments may require equipment and training that are beyond your skills. What about trees in or near wires? Do I (and my crew members) have the documented skills and training to perform this work, or am I taking on unacceptable risk?

Questions to consider regarding “Struck by Object”: How alert is my ground crew? Are they keeping pedestrians, pets and other “targets” out of the danger zone? Saws, tools and branches can rain down unexpectedly. During the hot summer days, do hardhats become optional? Regarding keeping targets out of the zone when “airmail” arrives: how well does my crew function as a TEAM? “Struck by Object” can also include the distracted/ drunk/ inexperienced/ texting/ rotten driver in the work zone. Would it lessen the risk of being “struck by object” by having an additional vehicle behind the chipper to protect the chipping operation? Are flaggers with Stop/Slow paddles keeping eye contact with oncoming drivers? Distracted driver plus distracted flagger equals bad news.

“Caught in or between” can include pinch points on trucks, chippers, logs, and other vehicles. Job safety briefings should identify possible pinch points before the work begins. Different set ups require a new briefing. Different things may have stored energy even if they appear to be “at rest”. This includes wood under tension, logs uphill on a slope, and machines at rest. How many fingers have been lost to snow blowers?

How are arborists being killed (about 100) or injured? Check out: http://www.tcia.org/TCIA/Blog_Items/2016/Trends_in_Tree_Care_Incidents__2015_.aspx

Finance/Investments“Acceptable Risk” as defined in the TRAQ manual is “the degree or amount of risk that the owner, manager or controlling authority is willing to accept.” For finance and investing, what is reasonable and prudent? Wall Street Journal (WSJ) Tuesday, July 12, 2016 page A2 stated “the rule of thumb to divide holdings 60/40 between stocks and bonds would have cushioned the big stock plunges in 2001 and 2008…” The Ohio Chapter has the following investment goals: preserve capital, moderate to conservative risk (acceptable risk as defined in posted finance policies on the Chapter’s website), and diversification (like a good urban tree species inventory). The Chapter has a $200,000 annual budget, and requires a minimum savings of 50% of the annual budget ($100,000) to stay in business. Our current balance of $200,000 in investments (same level as the annual budget) is split between a 50/50 stocks and bonds mix and a 70/30 stocks and bonds mix. Average the two, and you arrive at the 60/40 stocks and bonds mix spoken about in WSJ.

The Mission and Chapter Values are printed on the inside front page of The Buckeye Arborist. Our business is staying in business. Acceptable risk allows us to book convention venues, provide educational events, and give research grants and scholarships. Investment data analysis occurs monthly as investment dividends and interest are reported and discussed by the Finance Committee. Our financial transparency is shown by the finance reports posted to the Chapter’s website under Chapter Information - About OCISA; which includes assets and current annual budget.

In SummaryMITIGATE risks wherever possible. Use the pull rope test to check a tree’s stability before ascending. It only takes five minutes, and it could save lives! Ash trees lose most of their strength as they die and dry out – be aware and communicate with your staff.

May all the risks we face be “acceptable”! Take the time to save lives!


From Assessment to Action Columbus’ Efforts to Achieve Their 2020 Tree Canopy GoalBy Chris Peiffer (Plan-It Geo), Erin Miller (Environmental Steward, Columbus), Tina Mohn (Natural Resource and Property Manager, Columbus), and Laura Fay (Secretary, FLOW)

The urban forest in Columbus is a critical component of the City’s green infrastructure and contributes to environmental quality, public health, water resource management, local economies, and the beautification of often harsh, paved landscapes. Recognizing the value that trees provide and realizing the need for urban forest improvement is the first step in protecting this valuable resource. Like other valued assets, urban trees require proper planning and management to withstand pressures from urban, suburban, and exurban development as well as pests, diseases, storms, and pollution.

The City understands the vital role that trees and the canopy play in the overall quality of life for the community. Strategies for preserving and enhancing canopy have been integrated across departments, programs, organizations, and the community. The City demonstrates their commitment to improving the urban forest through assessments, planning, tools, programs, and partnerships. The following provides examples of how the City has taken the steps from assessment to action to become a city that exemplifies sound urban forest management using the tools and resources available.

Branch Out Columbus Initiative For the first time in Columbus’ history, an urban tree canopy study was completed in 2015. Plan-It Geo was contracted by the Columbus

Recreation & Parks Department, Division of Forestry to assess the City of Columbus tree canopy and determine the areas where the addition of trees is both needed and essential to improve the health of the community.

From Assessment to Action Cont. on page 12


Through this study, we found that the urban tree canopy covers 22% of the City of Columbus, totaling 31,171 acres. It is recognized that trees provide a multitude of economic, environmental, and social benefits, conservatively valued at more than $12.1 million dollars annually and a priceless benefit to the City of Columbus.

Natural and manmade pressures threaten the City of Columbus trees and therefore threaten the benefits they provide. Our urban forest has been declining in large part due to the emerald ash borer and other tree insects. We anticipate we will lose 200,000 of our trees to insects, extreme weather, and development. In fact, despite all of our best efforts to plant trees over the past 12 years, the tree canopy has not increased because of such a decline of the number of trees being preserved, as well as the rate of impacts from insects.

How do we stack up to other cities? Minneapolis has 31% tree canopy cover, Cincinnati 39%, Pittsburgh 42%, Washington DC 35%, Indianapolis 23%, New York 21%, Charlotte 46%, and Austin has a tree canopy of 30%.

This means that we need to take action. Therefore, our community has set a goal to increase our tree canopy 5% by 2020, meaning we will need to plant approximately 300,000 medium sized trees. If every household in Columbus plants a tree, we will meet our goal. The study showed the greatest opportunity for additional trees is on private property. Results revealed that of the city’s 284 neighborhoods, half of them have less than the citywide average urban tree canopy of 22%. We also have plenty of public land available in Columbus, with nearly 60,000 acres available for possible plantings, offering a huge opportunity for new trees to be added in under forested green spaces as well as impervious areas such as parking lots. In fact, if we planted all the possible areas, we would have 63% tree canopy coverage.

To determine where we will focus the community’s tree planting efforts, we are using the Plan-It Geo’s Canopy Planner online map and planning tool. This map highlights “high priority” neighborhoods

based on the current tree canopy, water quality, the Urban Heat Island effect, and several additional categories within that neighborhood. Along with this analysis, we are able to determine the amount of potential planting area in a neighborhood and determine how many trees we must plant to achieve a certain canopy cover.

Canopy Planner application shows the highest suitable tree planting areas to reduce stormwater runoff and improve water quality

The City of Columbus is committed to the 27% tree canopy by 2020 goal, but we cannot do it alone. That is why we branched out and created the “Branch Out Columbus” campaign. There are 21 entities signed onto the initiative to date. During Earth Day week, April 16-23, the Branch Out partners planted nearly 11,000 trees. Fall plantings are currently in the planning stages.

The City of Columbus is also investing in trees. Through the Urban Infrastructure Recovery Fund, we are providing $520,000 towards the planting of street trees in neighborhoods throughout the city. In addition, we have $2,000,000 planned in our capital improvement plan towards additional street and park trees. These efforts combined will add 12,600 trees. We have also worked with partners to set up a fund at the Columbus Foundation for citizens to donate money towards the planting of trees in parks.

To help our residents on private property, through our GreenSpot Backyard Conservation Program, the City will pay up to a $100 rebate to plant native trees on their property, currently we have enough funds for over 160 trees.

Once a tree is planted, residents are directed to the Branch Out website where they can register their tree by stating the species and location of where it was planted. Their tree will then be displayed on the Plan-It Geo map and included in our count to reach 300,000 trees. Every tree, small or large, brings us closer to achieving our goal.

From Assessment to Action Cont. from page 11



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Canopy Planner application used for adding new trees to planting events

The Weinland Park community, the Friends of the Lower Olentangy Watershed (FLOW) and American Forests partnered on a pilot urban tree nursery, taking vacant land, owned by the City of Columbus’ Land Bank and Campus Partners, and are working to transform it to a place:

• where trees can grow to be planted in the neighborhood• where people can learn about the importance of trees and how to

properly care for them and• where residents can pick up a tree, mulch, stakes, gator bag and

borrow tools to plant on their property

Weinland Park has only a 12% tree canopy and a low average income, making it one of the high priority neighborhoods. This nursery will not only provide more trees for the neighborhood but will also increase education on the importance of trees and create a sense of responsibility

and pride as the residents work together to maintain the nursery.

The Weinland Park nursery is the first to be implemented in a neighborhood in correlation to the Branch Out initiative. Branch Out has also held tree giveaways and community planting events in other high priority neighborhoods to encourage residents to plant trees. As the community continues to work together, we will be able to increase our overall tree canopy and create a healthier, happier, and more eco-friendly city.

Tree planting counter found at https://www.columbus.gov/branch-out/

Partnerships to Reach the City’s Goals: Friends of the Lower Olentangy Watershed

Columbus’ initiative to increase its tree canopy is going to need participation from developers, homeowners, and a number of local organizations. One example of this partnership is Friends of the Lower Olentangy (FLOW), which is demonstrating a way to plant lots of trees and do a lot of good.




The 2012 removal of the 5th Avenue dam across the Olentangy River exposed a significant amount of land that is a prime location for restoration. The area from 5th Avenue to Lane Avenue was restored by 2014. The image below, left, shows the Ohio State University Drake Performance and Event Center to the East of the Olentangy, with the adjacent land used as a staging area for the restoration.

This area was improved in 2016 when FLOW and the OSU Undergraduate Student Government’s 132 volunteers planted 12 two-inch caliper native Ohio trees (including American elms, sycamores, swamp white oaks, and pin oaks) in the floodplain. With such a large turnout, volunteers also helped remove invasive bush honeysuckle and conducted a river cleanup.

The newly-treed area is shown in the image below, right, mapped using the City’s Canopy Planner software application. The trees are clustered on the Western half of the parcel because OSU is planning to move Cannon Drive further west. The trees were purchased with funds from Lush Cosmetics and the OSU Undergraduate Student Government.

Putting Technology to Use: Buckeyes for Buckeyes AssessmentAn assessment was conducted by an OSU student group called Buckeyes for Buckeyes. Their assessment (Increasing the Tree Canopy on the Ohio State University’s Main Campus: Koontz, Madrishin, Kowalski, Havran-Vena and Ludwig, 2016) is using the Columbus Tree Canopy Planner to help OSU reach their sustainability goal of doubling its canopy cover. They identified the following possible planting areas around OSU:




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Using the Grow Canopy feature of the Columbus Canopy Planner, the three neighborhoods (West Campus, OSU, and Tri-Village) near the Olentangy River in this part of the watershed shows that 1,816 trees are needed to increase the canopy to just 15%. This is far below the target of 27%.

The City of Columbus and its partners are on the forefront of web/mobile technologies for urban forest management and will enjoy many benefits from increased awareness to new funding sources to achieve their planting goals. The City will continue its outreach to engage the community in contributing towards their tree planting and maintenance efforts. The Canopy Planner application, Tree Canopy Assessment Report, and Ecosystem Services studies are perfect tools to achieve this

and the partnerships between the City departments and organizations are a model for success.

Resources:Columbus Recreation and Parks Department: https://www.columbus.gov/recreationandparks/Urban-Forestry/ Branch Out Columbus Campaign: https://www.columbus.gov/branch-out/ Friends of the Lower Olentangy: http://www.olentangywatershed.org/ Plan-It Geo: http://www.planitgeo.com/ View the UTC report: https://issuu.com/planitgeoissuu/docs/columbus_urban_tree_canopy_assessmeView the City’s Canopy Planner: https://pg-cloud.com/columbus/



asca2016November 30–December 3Boston Park Plaza • Boston, MA

Pre-Conference WorkshopJulian Dunster, Ph.D., RCA #378

Dunster & Associates

Annual Conference SpeakersSusan Downing Day, Ph.D.

Virginia Tech Urban Forestry

Peter J. Del Tredici, Ph.D. The Arnold Arboretum at Harvard University

Brian Gilles, RCA #418, Gilles Consulting and Patrick Parker, RCA #514, SavATree

Jason Grabosky, Ph.D Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Jennifer Greenfeld New York City Parks and Recreation

Lisa A. Harvey, Esq. Ryan Faenza Cataldo LLC

Brian Kane, Ph.D. University of Massachusetts

Nelda Matheny, RCA #243 HortScience, Inc.

Steward T.A. Pickett, Ph.D. Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies

Michael Raupp, Ph.D. University of Maryland

E. Thomas Smiley, Ph.D. Bartlett Tree Research Lab

Kevin Smith, Ph.D. USDA Forest Service

Case Capsules on Appraisal and Tree Preservation

Hear from subject-matter experts on ways you can approach problems differently, resulting in stronger work products for your clients, the capability to grow a consulting practice, and the knowledge needed tp expand your practice into areas not previously considered.

Co-sponsored by

Western Chapter ISA

Registration by October 28, 2016 to SAVEw w w. a s c a - c o n s u l t a n t s . o r g

Ohio Treated to a Cicada Orchestra This SummerBy Jennifer Milbrandt

A portion of Ohio was treated to one of nature’s natural wonders this year. The emergence of periodical cicadas, (Magicicada septendecim, M. cassini, and M. septendecula), which arrived earlier this year in large regions of Ohio and West Virginia and a small portion in Pennsylvania. Periodical cicada are also known as 17 year cicada, because their life cycle takes 17 years to complete. This emergence is known as Brood V. Cicadas are grouped in different broods, these broods are based on the year of the periodical cicada adult emergence.

The adults emerge from underground in huge numbers with one objective: to mate. According to assistant OSU professor Joe Boggs, “once they emerge, the males serenade the females with cacophonous songs only appreciated by the females”. ONLY the males make noise, the females have no sound producing organs. Once they have mated the male dies. The female then proceeds to lay the eggs before she dies. The whole adult life is approximately a month long.

Photo 1. Female Periodical Cicada

The female uses a sharp organ on her abdomen called an ovipositor, to slit holes in the branch. The eggs are then deposited in small tree branches. These slits typically damage the vascular system of the branch, leading to wilting and browning foliage, often described as flagging. Oaks, maples, honeylocusts and other hardwoods showed the heaviest damage this year. But over 270 different species of tree and shrub hosts are listed in the literature and when populations are heavy alternative hosts can be used.

Photo 2. Ovipositor

The cicada eggs hatch in a few weeks, the nymphs then fall to the ground or they ride the broken branch down. The nymphs then burrow underground to feed on tree and grass roots for the next 17 years until the cycle starts again. Periodical cicada populations can be variable within the zones of emergence. It is thought to be the result of soil disturbance (grading, construction, and farming).

Photo 3. Slits in tree stem caused by oviposition

Photo 4. Close up Flagging

Periodical cicada are typically 1 ½” long and have black bodies and red – tan legs, wing margins and eyes. They are often confused with the annual dog-day cicada (Tibicen spp.). However, the annual dog-day cicadas are larger, and have silvery white underbellies. Their eyes, legs wing veins are green. They also emerge later in the growing season, during the dog days of summer (July). Their emergence is more sporadic, unlike the periodical cicadas. Typically, periodical and dog-day cicadas do not appear at the same time in Ohio.

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Photo 7. Annual dog-day cicada

Joe Boggs is a regular contributor to the Buckeye Yard and Garden Line

For more up to date information consider subscribing to BYGL Alerts!

To subscribe to BYGL Alerts!

Send an e-mail message to: [email protected] Subject Line: Subscribe to BYGL ALERTSMessage Text: I want to BYGL Alerts to be sent to [your preferred

e-mail address]

Sources: Periodical Cicada – Brood V. USDA Forest Service Pest Alert Northeast Area NA-PR-02-99

Sadof, C (2004). Periodical Cicadas in Indiana. Purdue University Extension Service Publication E47-W

Boggs, J. (2016). Ohio State University Extension. Buckeye Yard & Garden Online. The Ohio State University Ohio State Extension: Bug Bytes, July 9, 2016 & July 11, 2016.



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To receive continuing education unit (CEU) credit for home study of this article after you have read it, circle the appropriate answers on the test below. A passing score is 8 correct answers. Next, complete the registration information above, including your certification number & signature, on this answer form and send it to Ohio Chapter ISA, P.O. Box 267, Baltimore, OH 43105-9998. The answer form must be postmarked no later than October 31, 2016 to be valid. You may also submit CEU Test Questions on-line at www.OhioChapterISA.org/Buckeye Arborist. Only one test will be accepted. Please do not mail the test page if you submit it on-line.

A photocopy of the answer form is not acceptable. You must be a current member of the Ohio Chapter ISA for your CEU test to be processed. You will be notified only if you do not pass. If you do not pass, you may not re-take the test. This test will qualify for ISA CEUs.

1. Cicadas that emerge every 17 years are known as: a. Dog day cicadab. Periodical cicada

2. Females often sing to attract a mate.a. Trueb. False

3. The damage caused to the tree is known as flagging, it is the result of:

a. Insect chewingb. Insect sucking c. Insect egg laying

4. Why are some areas within the “Cicada Zone” variable in terms of population?

a. Land grading b. Tree removal c. Construction d. All the above

5. When Cicada populations are exceedingly high; females will lay eggs on many trees and shrubs that are not included on their host list.

a. Trueb. False

6. Cicadas feed primarily on tree a. Branch tipsb. Leavesc. Rootsd. Trunks

7. Even though dog-day and periodical cicadas do not appear at the same time, they are often mistaken for one another.

a. Trueb. False

8. Dog Day Cicadas are typically:a. Redb. Tan c. Green d. Orange

9. Brood V primarily impacted: a. Pennsylvania and Ohio b. Ohio and West Virginiac. West Virginia and Pennsylvania

10. The cicada spends a majority of its life below ground.a. Trueb. False

Test Questions

Earn CEU’s at HomeCEU Test Registration Information

Must be completely filled out.

Ohio Chapter International Society of ArboriculturePO Box 267Baltimore, OH [email protected]

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