‘RACE’ AND ETHNICITY

Course No. SCIL10071 Course Convenor: Dr. L. Riga

Mondays 4:00-6:00, DHT Faculty Room South Email: L.Riga@ed.ac.uk

Office hours: Tuesdays 3:30-5:30

Norman Rockwell’s ‘The Problem We All Live With’ (1964)

Course description: Ethnic and racial diversity is a feature of all societies, past and present. This course explores how racial and ethnic categories are articulated, formed and inhabited in comparative, historical and international contexts. We consider critical race theory and reflect on the visibility and invisibility of ‘whiteness’ and ‘blackness’, on social hierarchies, colour lines, and race within postcoloniality, and on race in global and specific contexts. We reflect on various kinds of racial knowledges and their effects on social bureaucracies as places where identities and inequalities are constructed, negotiated and reproduced. As we examine the ways in which race and ethnicity are connected to employment, poverty, spatial segregation and social mobility, we also explore the intersectionality of social inequalities and cultural differences, especially in terms of immigration, labour markets and global migration. And finally, we consider indigenous peoples and their cultural landscapes, ethnic and racial violence, and the sociology of ethnic displacement, refugees and IDPs.

COURSE CONVENOR Dr. Liliana Riga will be available in her office, Room 6.24 CM, Tuesdays 3:30-5:30. Her telephone is 651-1853, her email address is: L.Riga@ed.ac.uk COURSE FORMAT The course is semester-length, following the standard 20 hours per course for honours options in sociology. The class meets on Tuesdays 9:00-10:50, in Seminar Room 4, CMB. Each week will two hours of lecture/discussion. COURSE AIMS/OBJECTIVES Students who have taken the course will have an understanding of differing theoretical explanations of ‘race’ and ethnicity, and be able to critically compare its manifestations in different social settings. They should be able to analyse how ‘race’ and ethnicity interact with other sociological processes, integrate key empirical debates and issues such as inequality, migration, public policies, social and state bureaucracies, census and statistical counting policies, and the politics of ‘race’. And they should have a critical awareness of social knowledge production around ‘race’ and ethnicity. ASSESSMENT Work produced for this course should engage with material from lectures, discussions and readings. ALL STUDENTS are required to submit BOTH a 1500 word short essay* worth 25% of the total grade (Deadline: Monday, 24 February, 2014, 12 noon), AND a 4000 word long take-home exam,* worth 75% of the total grade (Deadline: Monday, 28 April, 2014, 12 noon). Details of the essays will be distributed in class. Short Essay word limit Your short essay should be between 1400-1600 words. Essays above 1,600 words will be penalized using the Ordinary level criterion of 1 mark for every 20 words over length: anything between 1,601 and 1,620 words will lose one point, between 1,621 and 1,640 two points, and so on. Note that the lower 1400 figure is a guideline for students which you will not be penalized for going below. However, you should note that shorter essays are unlikely to achieve the required depth and that this will be reflected in your mark. Take-home exam word limit Your take-home exam should be between 3,500 and 4,500 words (excluding bibliography). Exams above 4,500 words will be penalized using the Ordinary level criterion of 1 mark for every 20 words over length: anything between 4,501 and 4,520 words will lose one point, between 4,521 and 4,540 two points, and so on. Note that the lower 3,500 figure is a guideline for students, which you will not be penalized for going below. However, you should note that shorter essays are unlikely to achieve the required depth and that this will be reflected in your mark. ELMA Course work will be submitted online using our submission system – ELMA. You will not be required to submit a paper copy. Marked course work, grades and feedback will be returned online – you will not receive a paper copy of your marked course work or feedback. For information, help and advice on submitting coursework and accessing feedback, please see the ELMA wiki at: https://www.wiki.ed.ac.uk/display/SPSITWiki/ELMA ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT IN SUBMISSION OF ESSAYS Coursework submitted to the UTO will be regarded as the final version for marking. Where there is evidence that the wrong piece of work has been deliberately submitted to subvert hand-in deadlines - e.g. in a deliberately corrupted file - the matter may be treated as a case of misconduct

and be referred to the School Academic Misconduct Officer. The maximum penalty can be a mark of 0% (zero) . Please note that a mark of zero may have very serious consequences for your degree DISCUSSING SENSITIVE TOPICS The discipline of Sociology addresses a number of topics that some might find sensitive or, in some cases, distressing. You should read this handbook carefully and if there are any topics that you may feel distressed by you should seek advice from the course convenor and/or your Personal Tutor. For more general issues you may consider seeking the advice of the Student Counselling Service, http://www.ed.ac.uk/schools-departments/student-counselling. No exemptions will be offered; the short essay cannot be resubmitted, and there is no re-sit examination. The course will be externally examined as part of the Sociology diet. FEEDBACK AND EVALUATION The course will be evaluated by Sociology-organized questionnaires given to students at the end of the course. All courses in Sociology are evaluated in this way, and the results are reviewed in staff meetings. Comments made by students, staff and external examiners will be fed back into course revision.

THEORIZATIONS

Week 1 (13 January) DEPARTURES: Not a formal lecture, we introduce the course through a set of quotes and observations, as we outline some of the key themes, arguments and findings addressed in subsequent lectures. *Dubois, W.E.B. (1963 [1935]) Black Reconstruction in America 1860-1880 (Atheneum) (pp. 700-1) *Loveman, M. (1999) ‘Is ‘Race’ Essential’’ and E. Bonilla-Silva, ‘The Essential Social Fact of ‘Race’’ American Sociological Review 64(6): 891-906 Baldwin, J. ([1955] 2012) “Stranger in the Village” from his Notes of a Native Son (Beacon Press) Fanon, F. ([1967] 2008) Black Skin, White Masks (Pluto) For a wider set of background, indicative readings, see Week 1 on Learn. Week 2 (20 January) CRITICAL RACE THEORY, CONSIDERED AND RECONSIDERED: We explore ‘whiteness’ and ‘blackness’ in the context of critical race theories; visibility and invisibility paradigms; and critically reflect on their social construction, sociological usefulness and situatedness, especially in postcolonial contexts. *Delgado, R. and J. Stefancic (eds) (2012) Critical Race Theory: An Introduction (2nd Edition) (NYU) *Appiah, A. (1995) ‘The uncompleted argument: DuBois and the illusion of race’ Critical Inquiry 12(1): 21-37

*Martin Luther King (1963) “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”, available at: http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Articles_Gen/Letter_Birmingham.html Appaiah, K. (1991) “Is the Post- in Postmodernism the Post- in Postcolonial?” Critical Inquiry 17 (2): 336-357 Work Projects Administration (2004) Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States From Interviews with Former Slaves: Volume II, Arkansas Narratives, Part 2 [EBook #13700] Available at: http://www.gutenberg.org/files/13700/13700-h/13700-h.htm Achebe, C. (2006) Things Fall Apart (Penguin Classics) Bhabha, H. (2004) The Location of Culture (Routledge, 2nd ed.) (esp. Ch. 2, 3, 4) Almaguer, T. (1994) Racial Fault Lines: the Historical Origins of White Supremacy in California (UC Berkeley) Chakrabarty, D. (2001) Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference Princeton: Princeton University Press. Wemyss, G. (2009) The Invisible Empire: White Discourse, Tolerance and Belonging (Ashgate) Wilkerson, I. (1995) The Warmth of Other Suns: The Epic Story of American’s Great Migration (Vintage) Chukwudi, Eze (2009) ‘Language of time in postcolonial memory’ in On Reason: Reality in a World of Cultural Conflict and Racism (Duke)

ISSUES AND CONTEXTS Week 3 (27 January) REPRODUCING BELIEFS AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES: This week we explore ‘structures of power’ and ‘structures of meaning’—or social forces and beliefs—in order to better understand how race and ethnicity are constructed, understood, and reproduced. *Coates, T. (2012) “Fear of a Black President” The Atlantic Monthly. Available at: http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/09/fear-of-a-black-president/309064/?single_page=true *Kalra, V. (2006) ‘Ethnography as politics: A critical review of British studies of racialized minorities’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 29 (3): 452-470 *Obama, B. (2008) “A More Perfect Union” The Black Scholar 38 (1): 17-23 *Open Society (2010) Muslims in Europe: A Report on 11 EU Cities (Open society Institute), available at: http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/reports/muslims-europe-report-11-eu-cities Epstein (2007) ‘To profile or not to profile: what difference does race make?’ in Inclusion: the Politics of Difference in Medical Research (Chicago) (Ch. 10) Hunt, M. (2007) ‘African American, Hispanic, and white beliefs about black/white inequality, 1977-2004’ American Sociological Review 72: 390-415

Ford, R. (2008) ‘Is racial prejudice in Britain declining?’ British Journal of Sociology 59(4): 609-36

One article from Daedalus (2011) “Race in the Age of Obama” or one article from Du Bois Review: Social Science Resesarch on Race (2009) 6 (1) “Change has Come” or Smith, R. and D. King (2009) “Barack Obama and the Future of American Racial Politics” Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 6 (1): 25-35

DuBois, W.E.B. (1898) ‘The study of the Negro problems’ Annals of the American Academy of Social and Political Science 11: 1-23 Aspinall, P. and Chinouya, M. (2008) ‘Is the standardized term ‘Black African’ useful in demographic and health research in the United Kingdom?’ Ethnicity and Health 13(3): 183-202 Moray, P. and A. Yaqin (2011) Framing Muslims: Stereotyping and Representation after 9/11 (Harvard) (Ch. 2) PEW Research: Religion and Public Life Project (2012) on Mosques in the US. Available at: http://features.pewforum.org/muslim/controversies-over-mosque-and-islamic-centers-across-the-us.html Week 4 (3 February) ASSIMILATION AND VISIBLE AND INVISIBLE MIGRATIONS: In this lecture we think critically and reflexively about what it means to ‘assimilate’ and what is ‘the Other’? How are marginality and integration defined and experienced for immigrants and minorities? What does hybridity really mean? We explore assimilation as a matter of social interpretation, social intentions, ethical issue, moral choices, and social need. What are the terms of entry for belonging and exclusion? What are ‘border lives’ like? *Choose either: Nussbaum, M. (2012) The New Religious Intolerance: Overcoming the Politics of Fear in an Anxious Age (Harvard) (Ch. 5: ‘Inner eye: Respect and the sympathetic imagination’) OR Taylor, C. (1994) ‘The Politics of Recognition’, in Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition (Princeton) Camiscioli, E. (2009) Reproducing the French Race: Immigration, Intimacy, and Embodiment in the Early Twentieth Century (Duke) (Ch. 3 ‘Hybridity and its Discontents’) Touré (2012) Who’s Afraid of Post-Blackness? What it Means to be Black Now (Free Press) Alba, R. (2005) ‘Bright versus Blurred Boundaries: Second Generation Assimilation and Exclusion in France, Germany, and the United States’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 28: 20–49 Spedding, A. (1995) ‘Bolivia', in Minority Rights Group (ed.) No Longer Invisible: Afro-Latin Americans Today (London: Minority Rights Group) Dixon, K. (2006) ‘Beyond Race and gender: recent works on Afro-Latin America’ Latin American Research Review 41 (3): 247-257 Mardorossian, C. (2002) “From Literature of Exile to Migrant Literature” Modern Language Studies 32 (2): 15-33 Jansen, J. (2009) Knowledge in the Blood: Confronting Race and the Apartheid Past (Stanford) Hacohen, M. (1996) ‘Karl Popper in Exile: The Viennese Progressive Imagination and the Making of The Open Society’ Philosophy of Social Sciences 26: 452-91

Calhoun, C. (2003) ‘Belonging in the Cosmopolitan Imaginary’ Ethnicities 3(4): 531-53 Pred, A. (2000) Even in Sweden: Racisms, Racialized Spaces, and the Popular Geographical Imagination (Berkeley) Lahiri, J. (2013) The Lowland (Bloomsbury) Appaiah, K. (1994) ‘Identity, Authenticity, Survival: Multicultural Societies and Social Reproduction’ in A. Gutmann (ed.) Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition (Princeton) Two or three chapters in Nadine Gordimer (1995) Writing and Being (Harvard) (Nagrib Mahfouz [ch.3], Chinua Achebe [ch. 4], Amos Oz [ch. 5]) Smith, Z. (2001) White Teeth (Penguin) Week 5 (10 February) RACIAL KNOWLEDGE AND SOCIAL BUREAUCRACIES I: We think critically about social bureaucracies as sites of ethnic and racial knowledge production, and as places where social identities are constructed, negotiated and reproduced—especially in conditions of inequality. Who are the knowledge experts? We explore some of these issues through the lens of NGOs and UN refugee agencies’ techniques for ‘grasping’ displaced populations through identity documents and aid provision in conflict zones. *Zetter, Roger (1991) “Labelling Refugees: forming and transforming a bureaucratic identity” Journal of Refugee Studies 4(1): 39-62 *Kagan, M. (2011) “We live in a country of UNHCR: the UN surrogate state and refugee policy in the Middle East” New Issues in Refugee Research Research Paper No. 201 (PDF) *Grbac, P. (2013) “Civitas, polis, and urbs: reimagining the refugee camp as the city” Refugee Studies Centre Working Paper Series no. 96 (PDF) *The Washington Post 3 Dec 2013, “18 Refugee Stories from the Syrian Exodus” (visual), available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/syrian-refugees/story/refuge/ Vogler, P. (2007) “Into the Jungle of Bureaucracy: Negotiating Access to Camps at the Thai-Burma Border” Refugee Survey Quarterly 26(3): 51-60 Pacitto, J. (2013) “Writing ‘the Other’ into humanitarian discourse: framing theory and practice in South-South responses to forced displacement” New Issues in Refugee Research (UNHCR) Research Paper No. 257 Peteet, J. (2005) Landscape of Hope and Despair: Palestinian Refugee Camps (U Penn) Malkki, L. (1995) Purity and Exile: Violence, Memory, and National Cosmology among Hutu Refugees in Tanzania (Chicago) Napier-Moore, R. (2011) “’Humanicrats’: the social production of compassion, indifference, and hostility in long-term camps” Development in Practice 21(1): 73-84 Caplan, J. and J. Torpey (2001) Documenting Individual Identity: the Development of State Practices in the Modern World (Princeton) (Ch. 1 ‘Introduction’; Ch. 18 ‘Identifying unauthorized foreign workers

in the German labor market’; Ch. 19 ‘Identity cards, ethnic self-perception, and genocide in Rwanda’) Morning A. (2008) ‘Ethnic classification in global perspective: a cross-national survey of the 2000 census round’ Population Research and Policy Review 27: 239-272 17 February INNOVATIVE LEARNING WEEK Week 6 (24 February) DIVERSITY, POVERTY AND INEQUALITIES: This week we explore the provision of policies around poverty and social inequalities, welfare, public goods legislation, and redistributive policies in several contexts characterized by ethnic and racial diversity. And in particular, we reflect on the persistence of racial and ethnic inequalities and the association of poverty with difference, as we consider how these might be addressed. *Cashmore, E. (1996) ‘Institutional Racism’ pp. 169-72 in Dictionary of Race and Ethnic Relations (Routledge) *Choose an article from: (2009) The Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 35 (2), Special Issue: “Riots and Republicanism: the Autumn 2005 Urban Violence in France Revisited in International Perspective” *‘Building Cohesive Communities: A Report of the Ministerial Group on Public Order and Community Cohesion’, British Home Office Report 2001. PDF and Available at: http://resources.cohesioninstitute.org.uk/Publications/Documents/Document/DownloadDocumentsFile.aspx?recordId=94&file=PDFversion Fox, C. (2012) Three Worlds of Relief: Race, Immigration, and the American Welfare State from the Progressive Era to the New Deal (Princeton University Press) Kimuli, K. (2007) “Tax Me if You Can: Ethnic Geography, Democracy, and the Taxation of Agriculture” American Political Science Review 101 (1) 159-72 Habyarimana, J. (2009) Coethnicity: Diversity and Dilemmas of Collective Action (Russell Sage) (Ch. 7) Paschel, T. (2010) ‘The Right to Difference: Explaining Columbia’s Shift from Color Blindness to the Law of Black Communities’ American Journal of Sociology 116(3): 729-69 Katznelson, I. (2006) When Affirmative Action was White: an Untold History of Racial Inequality in 20th Century America (Norton) (Ch. 2 ‘Welfare in black and white’, Ch. 3 ‘Rules for work’) Hall, G. and H. Patrinos (eds.) (2012) Indigenous Peoples, Poverty, and Development (Cambridge) (Ch. 1 ‘Introduction’; Ch. 7 ‘Laos: ethnolinguistic diversity and disadvantage’) Franck, R. and I. Rainer (2012) ‘Does the leader’s ethnicity matter? Ethnic favoritism, education, and health in Sub-Saharan Africa’ American Political Science Review 106(2): 294– 325 Lieberman, S. (2005) ‘The Development of Employment Discrimination Policy’ in Shaping Race Policy (Princeton) (Ch. 7) O’Connor, A. (2001) Poverty Knowledge: Social Science, Social Policy, and the Poor in Twentieth-Century U.S. History (Princeton) (Ch. 3 ‘From the deep south to the dark ghetto: racial liberalism, and cultural ‘pathology’’)

Gilens, M. (1999) Why Americans Hate Welfare: Race, Media, and the Politics of Antipoverty Policy (Chicago) (Ch. 3 ‘Racial attitudes and the undeserving poor’, Ch. 5 ‘News media and the racialization of poverty’) Week 7 (3 March) ETHNIC/RACIAL STRATIFICATION AND NEIGHBOURHOOD EFFECTS: This lecture explores some of the causes and consequences of ethnic/racial stratification: exclusion, mobility, and residential segregation. We consider the entwined relationships among ‘race’, poverty and the spatial logic of urban exclusion, ecologically concentrated disadvantage, and global forces as we reflect on so-called neighbourhood effects. *Wacquant, L. (2007) Urban Outcasts: A Comparative Sociology of Advanced Marginality (Polity) (Ch. 1, 8) *Sampson, R. (2012) The Great American City: Chicago and the Enduring Neighborhood Effect (University of Chicago Press) (Chapters 1, 2, 10) Khattab, N., R. Johnson, T. Modood and I. Sirkeci (2011) ‘Economic activity in the South Asian population in Britain: the impact of ethnicity, religion, and class’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 34(9): 1466-81 Frazier, F. (1932) The Negro Family in Chicago (Chicago) Panico, L. and J. Nazroo (2011) ‘The social and economic circumstances of mixed ethnicity children in the UK: findings from the Millenium Cohort Study’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 34(9): 1421-44 Van Eijk, G. (2011) ‘’They eat potatoes, I eat rice’: symbolic boundary-making and space in neighbour relations’ Sociological Research On-Line 16 (4) Wilson, W. J. (1999) ‘When work disappears: new implications for race and urban poverty in the global economy’ Ethnic and Racial Studies, 22(3)

Wacquant, L. (2008) ‘The militarization of urban marginality: lessons from the Brazilian metropolis’ International Political Sociology 2(1): 56-74

GLOBAL EXTENSIONS Week 8 (10 March) INDIGENEITY, LAND, AND CULTURAL MODERNITY: This lecture explores indigenous peoples and their cultural landscapes in the context of land and resource possession/dispossession, development and the challenges of cultural modernity. *Stocks, A. (2005) ‘Too much for too few: problems of indigenous land rights in Latin America’ Annual Review of Anthropology34: 85-104 *Minde, H. (2008) Indigenous Peoples: Self-determination, Knowledge, and Indigeneity (Chicago) (any 1 or 2 chapters) *Minority Rights Group International (2012) State of the World’s Minorities and Indigenous Peoples, Events of 2011: Focus on Land Rights and Natural Resources (PDF)

Stern, P. and L. Stevenson (2006) Critical Inuit Studies: An Anthology of Contemporary Arctic Ethnography (Lincoln) (any chapter) *United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (2009) ‘State of the World’s Indigenous Peoples’, New York: UN: http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/en/sowip.html Anderson, D. and M. Nuttall (eds) (2004) Cultivating Arctic Landscapes: Knowing and Managing Animals in the Circumpolar North (Berghahn Books) Postero, N. (2005) ‘Indigenous Responses to Neoliberalism’ PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 28: 73–92 Radcliffe S. A., Laurie, N. (2006) ‘Culture and development: taking culture seriously in development for Andean indigenous people’ Environment and Planning: Society and Space 24(2): 231-248 Albro, R. (2005) ‘The indigenous in the plural in Bolivian oppositional politics’, Bulletin of Latin American Research 24 (4) Chatty, D. and M. Colchester (eds) (2002) Conservation and Mobile Indigenous Peoples: Displacement, Forced Settlement, and Sustainable Development (Berghan) Colchester, M. et al. (2006) ‘Promised Land: Palm Oil and Land Acquisition in Indonesia – Implications for Local Communities and Indigenous Peoples’ http://www.forestpeoples.org/topics/palm-oil-rspo/publication/2010/promised-land-palm-oil-and-land-acquisition-indonesia-implicat Finer, M. et al. (2008) ‘Oil and Gas Projects in the Western Amazon: Threats to Wilderness, Biodiversity, and Indigenous Peoples’ PLoS One 3 (8) e2932. Available at: http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002932 Paine, R. (1994) Herds of the Tundra: a Portrait of Saami Reindeer Pastoralism (Smithsonian Institution) Hausner, V.H. et al (2011) ‘The ghost of development past: the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems’ Ecology and Society 16(3): 4 Week 9 (17 March) ETHNIC AND RACIAL VIOLENCE: We think about the relationships among hate, fear, and powerlessness and as we consider the political combustibility of social inequalities marked by cultural differences. We explore the comparative causal effects of economic and political grievances in racial/ethnic riots as well as possible policy responses. *Choose either: Kasara, K. (2012) ‘Electoral geography and conflict: examining redistricting through violence in Kenya’ OR (2011) ‘Local ethnic segregation and violence’ (unpublished manuscripts, available from lecturer) *Brass, P. (1997) Theft of an Idol: Text and Context in the Representation of Collective Violence (Princeton) (Ch. 3) Wilkes, G. et al (2013) “Factors in Reconciliation: Religion, Local Conditions, People and Trust (Bosnia)” (Sarajevo) PDF

Hagan, J. and W. Rymond-Richmond (2008) ‘The Collective Dynamics of Racial Dehumanization and Genocidal Victimization in Darfur’ American Sociological Review 73: 875-902 Hagan, J. and J. Kaiser (2011) ‘The displaced and dispossessed of Darfur: explaining the sources of a continuing state-led genocide’ British Journal of Sociology 62(1): 1-25 Lange, M. (2011) Educations in Ethnic Violence: Identity, Educational Bubbles and Resource Mobilization (CUP) Mann, M. (1999) ‘The Dark Side of Democracy: the modern tradition of ethnic and political cleansing’ New Left Review 1/235 Uvin, P. (2002) ‘On counting, categorizing and violence in Burundi and Rwanda’ Ch. 6 in Census and Identity: The Politics of Race, Ethnicity, and Language in National Censuses, D. Kertzer and D. Arel (eds) (Cambridge) de Waal, A. (2005) ‘Who are the Darfurians? Arab and African Identities, violence and external engagement’ African Affairs 104/415: 181-205 Fearon, J. and D. Laitin (2000) ‘Violence and the social construction of ethnic identity,’ International Organization 54(4): 845-77 Wilkinson, S. (2004) Votes and Violence: Electoral Competition and Ethnic Riots in India (Cambridge) U.S. Presidential Study Directive on Mass Atrocity 2011, available at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2012/04/23/fact-sheet-comprehensive-strategy-and-new-tools-prevent-and-respond-atro (also, shorter PDF) Week 10: (24 March)

GLOBAL (IM)MIGRATION I: PATTERNS, CORRIDORS, REMITTANCES: We consider how to contextualize and grasp wider patterns of global migration, immigration, and displacement. This includes assessments of forced and non-forced migrations and the contentiousness of remittance flows. Are refugees, economic migrants and IDPs becoming isolated under-classes associated with poverty and racial/ethnic/cultural difference?

*UNHCR (2011/current) Global Trends Report Available at: http://www.unhcr.org.uk/resources/monthly-updates/july-2011-update/unhcr-global-trends-report-finds-80-per-cent-of-worlds-refugees-in-developing-countries.html *UN Pinheiro Report (2002) ‘Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: the Return of refugees’ or displaced persons’ property’, Commission on Human Rights, UN Economic and Social Council (E/CN.4/Sub.2/2002/17), Available at: http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CCYQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fterrorism%2Fpdfs%2F3%2FG0215493.pdf&ei=Fl6GUKvyKabN0QXYyIG4BQ&usg=AFQjCNHLoO8gmKdxyiVY9tXF7PWajpfsfQ *International Organization for Migration (2011) World Migration Report, Available at: http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CCYQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.egypt.iom.int%2FDoc%2FIOM%25202011_WMR2011_EN.pdf&ei=Z1uGUMKXGrCp0AXEsIDIDQ&usg=AFQjCNEAmEiT4zWqQ2PCgR_NiGbtw3jIHQ *OECD iLibrary (2013) International Migration Outlook 2013, available at: http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/international-migration-outlook_1999124x

Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011 (World Bank) (PDF) Jacobson, K. and L. Landau (2003) “The dual imperative in refugee research: some methodological and ethical considerations in social science research on forced migration” Disaster 27(3): 185-206 Castles, S. and R. Delgado Wise (eds) (2008) Migration and Development: Perspectives from the South (IOM: Geneva) Available at: http://www.imi.ox.ac.uk/news-store/new-publication-migration-and-development-perspectives-from-the-south-castles-and-delgado-wise-editors Hujo, Katya and N. Piper (2007) “South-South Migration: Challenges for Development and Social Policy” Development 00: 1-7 Ortega, F. and Peri, G. (2012) “The Effect of Income and Immigration Policies on International Migration” NBER Working Paper No. 18322 Abramitsky, R. et al (2012) “Have the Poor Always Been Less Likely to Migrate? Evidence from Inheritance Practices During the Age of Mass Migration” NBER Working Paper No. 18298 Skrentny, J., et al (2007) ‘Defining Nations in Asia and Europe: A Comparative Analysis of Ethnic Return Migration Policy’ International Migration Review 41(4): 793-974 Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre/NRC (2011) “’This is our land’: ethnic violence and internal displacement in north-east India” (Report) Available at: http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CFA06/%28httpPublications%29/14A33897CD419AE0C12579530039FAA9?OpenDocument Castles, S. (2000) Ethnicity and Globalization: From Migrant Worker to Transnational Citizen (Sage) Muller, Maria (2013) “Displaced Indigenous Peoples in the Colombian Border Region” UNHCR New Issues in Refugee Research, Research Paper No. 263, available at: http://www.unhcr.org/52710bf39.html Displacement: the New 21st Century Challenge (2012) UNHCR Global Trends (PDF) Forced Migration Review, available to browse topics of interest at: http://www.fmreview.org/ Week 11 (31 March) GLOBAL (IM)MIGRATION II: LOCAL IMPACTS: We examine how researchers assess labour market impacts of immigration by looking at the different ethnic labour markets, by critically assessing four approaches in the study of labour market effects on immigration (e.g. case studies, spatial correlations, factors proportions, and factor proportions assuming non-substitutability), and by examining the experiences of ‘documented’ and ‘undocumented’ migrants/workers. *Dustmann, C. et al (2005) ‘The Impact of Immigration on the British Labour Market’ The Economic Journal 115: F324-F341 *Khattab, N. (2003) ‘Segregation, ethnic labour market and the occupational expectations of Palestinian students in Israel’ British Journal of Sociology 54 (2): 259-85 *Gonzales, R. (2011) ‘Learning to be illegal: undocumented youth and shifting legal contexts in the transition to adulthood’ American Sociological Review 76(4): 602-19

Guerif, V. (2010) “Making States, Displacing Peoples: A Comparative Perspective of Xianjing and Tibet in the People’s Republic of China” Refugee Studies Centre, Working Paper Series no. 61 (PDF) Card, D. (2001) “Immigrant Inflows, Native Outflows, and the Local Market Impacts of Higher Immigration” Journal of Labor Economics 19(1): 22-64 Martí, M. and C. Ródenas (2007) ‘Migration Estimation Based on the Labour Force Survey: An EU-15 Perspective’ International Migration Review 41(1): 101–126 Yoshikawa, H. (2012) Immigrants Raising Citizens: Undocumented Parents and their Young Children (Russell Sage) (Ch. 1 ‘Emiliana, Elena, and Ling raise citizens in New York City’) Borjas, G. (2003) “The Labor Demand Curve is Downward Sloping: Reexamining the Impact of Immigration on the Labor Market” Quarterly Journal of Economics (November) 1335-74 Ortega, F. Peri, G. (2012) “The Effect of Trade and Migration on Income” NBER Working Paper 18193 Hunt, J. (1992) ‘The Impact of the 1962 Repatriates from Algeria on the French Labor Market’ Industrial and Labor Relations Review 45(3): 556-572 Card, D. (1990) ‘The impact of the Mariel Boatlift on the Miami Labor Market’ Industrial and Labor Relations Review 43 (2): 245-257 Sainsbury, D. (2012) Welfare States and Immigrant Rights: the Politics of Inclusion and Exclusion (Oxford) (Chs. 1, 12) van Niekerk, M. (2007) ‘Second-Generation Caribbeans in the Netherlands: Different Migration Histories, Diverging Trajectories’ Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 33: 1063-81 Massey, D. and M. Sánchez (2010) Brokered Boundaries: Creating Immigrant Identity in Anti-Immigrant Times (Russell Sage)