Arabic Language Course Index€¦ · Web viewThe word – kull – “all of” - connected to the...

Arabic Language Course Index

- based on MADINAH ARABIC READER – Goodwordbooks.com

by dr. V Abdur Rahim

(http://www.goodwordbooks.com/category/Learning-Arabic/38.html)

OR

(Madina Arabic Books – 3-volume edition - ; volumes 1 and 2 in this print

are the same as books 1-5 in the Goodword Madinah Arabic Reader edition)

Madina Arabic – Grammar Review – vol.1, 2 – for withkidsinmind.net, Roots HSP (Home-schooling program).

1

http://www.goodwordbooks.com/category/Learning-Arabic/38.html

based on MADINAH ARABIC READER – Goodworddbooks.com1

LESSON #:DESCRIPTION - Lesson Content:

Supporting Links

Madinah Arabic Link

You Tube Links

MADINA ARABIC READER – BOOK 1

LESSONS 1-10

(or Lessons 1-10 in Volume 1/3 collection)

Book 1 – Lesson 1

(Lesson 1- Vol 1) The phrase haadhaa which means 'This is..'. Lesson 1

Book 1 – Lesson 2

(Lesson 2- Vol 1) The phrase Thalika which means 'That is..'. Lesson 2

Book 1 – Lesson 3

(Lesson 3- Vol 1)

The Arabic Definite Article – “Al” Alif Laam - which corresponds to 'The' in English.

The sun and moon letters

Lesson 3

Book 1 – Lesson 4

(Lesson 4- Vol 1)

Prepositions - i.e. words showing the relationship of one noun to another (e.g. to, from, in, at etc). (fil baiti)

Masculine and Feminine Pronouns - i.e. He and She.

Nominal and Verbal sentences

Lesson 4

1 Designed by sister Mariam (withkidsinmind.net) – for the Roots IOU Home-schooling program, Arabic section.


2

http://www.madinaharabic.com/Arabic_Language_Course/Lessons/L004_001.html




Book 1 – Lesson 5

(Lesson 5 - Vol 1)

Expression of ownership - i.e. showing one noun owns another - e.g. 'The teacher's car'; mudaf (possessor – Kitabu bilal-in)

Mabni - Indeclinable words which do not change their case with different causes and maintain their vowel ending

Article to call someone (vocative particle) - e.g. 'Oh Umar!'

Lesson 5

Book 1 – Lesson 6

(Lesson 6 - Vol 1)

Feminine pronoun for 'This' - Hadhihi.

Masculine and Feminine nouns

Prepositions (such as li)

Lesson 6

Book 1 – Lesson 7

(Lesson 7 - Vol 1)

The Demonstrative Pronoun for the Feminine

Articles "تلك" (thalika, tilka)

Use of Shadda and dropping of letter 'lam' of the definite article 'al' when used with solar letters.

Lesson 7

Book 1 – Lesson 8

(Lesson 8 - Vol 1)

Revision Lesson

In this lesson we will Insha Allah revise all the grammatical rules we have learnt so far.

Lesson 8

Book 1 – Lesson 9

(Lesson 9 - Vol 1)

The Adjective clause (definite and indefinite) – (ex. – baitun jadidun; hatha baitun jadidun)

The Relative pronoun – Allathi (who, which)

Lesson 9

Book 1 – Lesson 10

(Lesson 10 - Vol 1)

Posessive Pronouns (ia, ha, hu, ka) Five Nouns (exception)

New prepositions, pronouns when added to verbs. (li akun)

Lesson 10


3







MADINA ARABIC READER – BOOK 2 -

LESSONS 1-13

(or 11-23 in the Volume 1/3 volume collection)

Book 2 – Lesson1(Lesson 11 - Vol

1)

Attaching pronouns to prepositions (fi hi – in it) Present Tense Verbs - Introduction

Object of a Verbal Sentence (Uhibbuu-lughrat alArabiyah)

Lesson 11

Book 2 – Lesson2(Lesson 12 - Vol

1)

How to have a discussion in Arabic The conversion of a masculine verb into a

feminine verb

The use of the feminine relative pronoun (that, who, which – ulaika, thalika, tilka)

Lesson 12

Book 2 – Lesson 3

(Lesson 13 - Vol 1)

Plural form of the Demonstrative Pronoun Sound Plural (-una ending – muslimun –

muslimuna – masculine; muslimat-un- muslimaa-t-un – fem.)

Broken Plural

Lesson 13

Book 2 – Lesson 4

(Lesson 14 - Vol 1)

Plural form of the Demonstrative Pronoun ("That")

Plural form of the personal pronouns in the 3rd person

Plural form of the masculine and feminine verbs in 3rd person (e.g. He Went, She Went, They Went// thahaba, thahabat, thahabu)

Lesson 14

Book 2 – Lesson 5

(Lesson 15 - Vol 1)

Plural form of masculine personal pronouns in the 2nd person (anti, antuna)

Plural form of masculine possessive pronouns (ki – kunna)

Plural form of the masculine verbs in the 2nd

Lesson 15


4











person (e.g. You went - thahabti)

The words for 'before' and 'after (bada – qabla)

Book 2 – Lesson 6

(Lesson 16 - Vol 1)

Plural form of the Personal and Possessive Pronouns (You / Your) referring to the feminine nouns.

Rational and Irrational Nouns (aqilun; rair aqilun)

A new pattern for the broken plurals

Lesson 16

& Lesson 17

Book 2 – Lesson 7

(Lesson 17 - Vol 1)

Continuation of Lesson 6 Available

Book 2 – Lesson 8

(Lesson 18 - Vol 1)

The dual form in the Arabic language for demonstrative and personal pronouns.

Plural in Arabic: singular, dual and plural (kitabun, kitabani, kitabun)

The interrogative article used to ask 'how

many' - كم؟

Lesson 18

Book 2 – Lesson 9

(Lesson 19 - Vol 1)

The numbers from one to ten (as applied to masculine nouns).

Lesson 19


(Lesson 20 - Vol 1)

The numbers for one to ten (as applied to feminine nouns).

Lesson 20


(Lesson 21 - Vol 1)

Continuation and Review of Previous Lessons (Madrasatani – Our School)

Available


(Lesson 22 - Vol 1)

Introduction to the diptotes – groups of nouns and adjectives which never have tanwin – Al Mamnuu Minas-Sarf. الممنوع من الصرف

Lesson 21


(Lesson 23 - Vol 1)

The diptotes – continued (with genitive: kitabu Ahmada, kitabu Ibrahima)

Lesson 22


5
















MADINA ARABIC READER – BOOK 3 LESSONS 1-10

(or Lessons 1-10 in Volume 2/3 collection)

Book 3– Lesson 1(Lesson 1- Vol2)

The types of nouns in Arabic in detail (Proper nouns, pronouns, relative pronouns, definite due to definite article, annexed to a nouns)

Nominal sentence, verbal sentence, ismu inna, khabaru inna

Thu, thata; interrogative sentence – am; interrogative sentence au;

Miatun – hundred; alfun - thousand

Lesson 23

Lesson 24


Negative sentences; with Laisa – ismu laisa & khabaru laisa.

Book 3– Lesson 3 (Lesson 3 - Vol2)

Comparative and Superlative degrees of Adjectives (ajmalu, ahsanu, aqdamu- more beautiful, better, older)

Adjectives with min – Bilalu atwalu min Aminah Superlative – Ibrahimu ahsanu tlibin fi

madrasati Sisters of Inna – ualakinna, inna, kaana; Numbers 11-20 – for masculine and feminine

(such as numbers 13-19);

More on numbers – lesson 26 in web-site

Lesson 25

Lesson 26


Past tense of Arabic verbs – madi – thahaba, darasa, rajaa;

Ma for negative sentences; The difference between bala (yes) and

naam (no);

Sisters of inna – laanna (because)

Lesson 28


Sentence structure: The fail/ subject of a verbal sentence – thahaba

Bilalun – for the third person (At-tulabu thahabu – thahaba at-tulabu; at-talibatu thahabna – thahabti at-talibatu)

Maf’ul Bihi – The Object in a sentence (-ending in a- fatha, object as a pronoun, nun of tanwin followed by hamzat-ul wasl)

Most Arabic verbs – 3 radicals; kataba, shariba, kabura; first and last radical – usually fatha, 2 radical could be fatha, kasra or dammah)


6












Review lesson: Review of the past tense – thahaba # 1-20 – with feminime madud question – Aiiu – which? 4 – Athunnu – I think sisters of Inna – Innaka lima – why adjectives’ ending – jauana- jaua hati huth! – Imperative – take!

- fi –so – and be (with me)


past verbs – plurals (thhabtum, thhabtunna, thahabna)

pronouns – hu, hi, hum, ha, hunna kaana – was thu – which owns mim sukum (baitukum jadidun, baitukum –

sukun)

the word abshir – rejoice, don’t’ worry.


Review

Past tense verbs – singular and plural chart (thhaba, thahabat, thahabta, thhabti, thahabtu – pl. thahabuu, thahabna, thahabtum, thahabtunna, thahabna)


Inna with fatha – (Inna qaratu al kitaba) Nasb ending for femining plural, finishing with

fatha or kasra Pronouns – me- (ia) – Adjective forms – ma Ajmala! Ia with dhamma – with mansub Kam endings– how many – Kam rialan/ rialin

hatha? The interrogative ma: Bima? (with what?), lima

(why), mimma (from what?), amma (about what?)

Relative pronouns – singular and plural (allathi – allathina – msc. & allati – allaati –plural) -who

I (alif hamza) – as a making a question (long double alif)

Book 3– Lesson 10

(Lesson 10-

Verb Tense – past review (madi), present –future tense (al mudari), the imperative (amr)

3 radicals – with fatha, kasra, or dhamma – Lesson 29


7







Vol2)

jalasa - iajlisu, thahaba- iathhabu, fahima – iafhamu

numbers 21-30 – joined with uau particle – illa – except (or ten minutes to one) particle – la’ala – meanings - I hope and I am

afraid

the preposition baina - between


8


LESSONS 1-10

(Lessons 11-20 in Vol 2/3 collection)

Book 4 – Lesson1

(Lesson 11- Vol2)

Grammar Review: Mudari (present) – review – singular and plural endings Future tense– harfu istiqbal – using the particle “sa” (Sa aktubu

laka risalatan) Negative particle “ma” – used for madi (past verbs) Negative particle “la” – used for present verbs Masdar – a noun formed from a verb: (dahala – duhul – enter)

The particle A mma – “as for” - used for 2 or more itemsBook 4 – Lesson 2

(Lesson 12- Vol2)

Mudari (present tense) – review – singular and plural forms (new plurals – thathab-na – you go (fem), nathbabu – we go)

Maf’ul bihi (adverb) – for time of action – Rjaa Bilal iauma sabti. – Bilal returned on Saturday. (mansub for iauma)

The particle “Inna” (indeed, verily) – used after the verb “qala”, or starting a sentence with “inna”.

Book 4 – Lesson 3

(Lesson 13- Vol2)

Mudari (Present Tense) – table review

(Hamidun Iathhabu (Hamid goes), Aminatu tathabu (Aminah goes), anta thathabu (You go – masc), anti tathhabina (you go – fem), ana athhabu (I go); hum iathhabuna (they go – masc), hunna iathhabna (they go – fem), antum tathhabuna (You go – masc), antunna tathhabna (You go – fem), nahnu nathhabu – we go - pl.)

Book 4 – Lesson 4

(Lesson 14- Vol2)

Amr (The Imperative) – formed from a verb – removing the “ta” - and adding alif/ hamza wasl: such as: taktubu – kutub – Utktub(write!)/ tajlisu- jails- ijlis (enter!) /taftahu- fatah- iftah (open!)

Hamzat-ul wasl is pronounced only when amr is not preceded by a word

If the amr of the 2ng singular is following by a word commencing in hamzat-al-wasl – the letter of amr takes kasra: Ishrab-i -l ma-a – Drink water!

The Fainna – because – Kul hath fainnaka jauanu – Eat this as you are hungry.

Book 4 – Lesson 5

(Lesson 15- Vol2)

Mudari (Present Tense) Negative (with La) - La tahhab – don’t go! – La Nahia – The Prohibitive “La” – and variations for second person – (La tahhab, ia Bilal; La tathhabu, ia ihuan! – la tahabi – ia Amina; la tathhabna ia ahauat!

Kada- iakidu – Kada ualadu iadhak – the boy almost laughed.

Difference between negative “la” and “ma” – La ashrabu al qahwata (I do not drink coffee/ as a habit) – Ma ashrabu al qahwata – I am not drinking coffee now.

The present tense with double alif maad – aakulu (I eat) from a akulu.


9

Innama – “only” – Innama unithur ila suuar - I only am looking at the pictures.

Book 4 – Lesson 6

(Lesson 16- Vol2)

The verb “iuridu” – want – with all pronouns; for mudari (present) the letters nun, alif, ta, ia have dammah.

The interrogative and negative “ma”; new “ma” as the word “what” or “that which” – la abudu ma ta’buduun – I do not worship what you worship – Ma mausulatu.

Thu (which has/owns) becomes “tha” when mansub – Uridu mushafan tha harfun kabir – I want a mushaf with big letters.

Madulun – nouns with patters of Al Mamnuu Min as-Sarf – do not take tanwin; the decletion (Al irab) for these types of nouns: Harajah Umaru- Umar went out// – Saaltu Umara – I asked Umar// Katabtu ilal Umara -I wrote to Umar.

Colours - Masculine and feminine forms – abiad –iabdau white); aswad-saudau; ahmaru – khamrau; both are Al Mamnuu Min as-Sarf.

Book 4 – Lesson 7(Lesson

17- Vol2)

Uridu an athhaba (mansub) – I want to go. Lamu’ talil – Fatahtu an nafithata liiahruja thubabu – I opened the

window for the files to go out. Iumkinu – “is it possible”/ can I? – Iumkinuni an ajlisa huna? – May I

sit here? Munthu – since If the fa’il (subject) is feminine – the verb should also be feminine’

if the fa’il is the feminine of human being or animals, the verb should be feminine – while it is not so (objects) it may or may not be feminine (harajti al baqaratu// harajta as-saiaratu or harajat as saiiaratu).

The verb ‘samaha – iasmahu” – to permit/allow

Arju – I request


18- Vol 2)

Declining verbs for infinitive with preposision “an”– iathhabu – an iathhaba (to go); /tahhabu – an tahhaba; athhabu – an athhaba; nathhabu – an nathhaba; ending is with mansub (fathha)

Declining for mudari infinitive – ending with “nun”: tahhabiina – an tahhabi; tathhabuuna – an tahhabu; iathhabuna – an iathhabu; (dropping the nun); iathhabna – and tathhabna – same with an;

The word “ka” – like – as a preposition – saati ka-saatika (ma watch is like your watch)

For pronouns using the word “mithlu” – Ana ka mithlihi – I am like him;

The word – kull – “all of” - connected to the mu’akkad (the word it emphasisez with a pronoun) – Khadara at-tulaabu kull-uhum (All the students attended) (kulluhum – all of them; kullahunna – all of them, fem, kulluhu – kullaha )

The vocative particle “ia” – Harfun-Nada– Ia- aiiuha naasu (Oh, you people!)

Ism-ul Fil – aah (I feel pain), uffan (I feel bored), aamiin (Accept my prayer)

Book 4 – Lesson 9

Negative particles (Adawatu nafii): “ma” for madi (past tense)


10

(Lesson 19- Vol 2)

“la” for mudari (past tense) “lan” - for future tense, ommiting particle “sa”; and followed by

fatha (masub)

ex. Sa athhabu ila Riyadi radan – lan athhaba ila Riyadi radan.


20- Vol 2)

Dual (plural) when mansub or majrur:

Singular – marfu is “u” and mansub is “a”Aina-l mudarrisu? (where is the teacher)?Saaltu mudarisa ( I asked the teacher).Qultu li-l mudarisi. (I said to the teacher).

Dual – marfu is “ani” and mansub is “aini”:Hathani rilalani (These are two riyals).

Uridu rialaini. (I want two riyals). Istharaituhu bi rialaini. (I bought it for two riyals).

Akhaduhuma wal Akharu (One of them … and the other) – Li akhawani: Akhaduhuma tabibun wa akharu muhandisun. (I have two brothers: one of them is a doctor and the other is an engineer).

Fem. – Ikhdaduma wal akhara.


LESSONS 1-11


21- Vol 2)

The negative particle “Lam” It turns mudari (present) into madi (past) tenseChanges the mudari’ from marfu’ to majzum, eg:Iathhabu (he goes) – lan iathhabu (he did not go)

Declining with “Lam” 1 – hua iathhabu – hua lam iathhab / hia tathhabu- hia lam tathhab/

anta tathhabu – anta lam tathhab/ ana athhabu – ana lam athhab/ nahnu nathhabu – nahnu lam nathhab// (ending with ba sukoon)

2 – hum iathhabuna – hum lam iathhabu/ antum tathhabuna – antum lam tathhabu/ anti tathhabina – anti lam tathhabi (removing the nun alif)

3 – hunna tathhabna – hunna lam iathhabna/ antunna tahhabna – antunna lam tahhabna. (unchanged)

- if the first 2 persons (I, you, he/she) are followed by hamzat al wasl – the last letter takes kasra to avoid at-tikau sakiin)

- A lam taktubi risalati ?–Did you not write the letter? The negative particle “Lamma” – not yet – also used with

mudari/ present - Lamma ahsrabi al qahwata – I have not yet taken coffee. - After “lamma” verbs can be omitted: A kharaja tulaabu? – Have the students gone out? Lamma (not yet)/ or Lamma iakhtuju (They have not gone out yet).


11

Parts of Speech – 3 parts of speech: Nouns – al ismu – kitabun, qalamun, ana, hatha Verbs – al filu – kataba-iaktubu, laisa Particles – al harfu - ma, lam, na’am, sa

Nominal and verbal sentences – Al jumlatul ismayah, al jumalatul filliyah – starting with ism, or starting with verbs.

Mahlan – slowly please, do not hurry. Ma indi qalamun ua la kitabun. – I have neither a pen nor a book.


22- Vol 2)

Review for Negative Particles – Mudari/ Present Tense:

Al Mudari Majzoom(sukoon)

Al Mudari Mansub(fatha)

Al Mudari Marfu

Lam iathhab Lan iath-haba Hamidun iathhabu

Lam iathhabuو ا

Lan iath-habu

و ا

At-tulabu iath-habuna

Lam that-hab Lan tah-haba Aminatu tahhabu

Lam iath-hab-na Lan iathhab-na At-talibaat iath-habna

Lam tath-hab Lan that-haba Anta that-habuLam tath-habu Lan that-habu Antum that-

habunaLam that-habi Lan that-habi Anti thath-abinaLam that-habna Lan tath-habna Antunna that-

habna

Lam ath-hab Lan ath-haba Ana ath-habuLam nath-hab Lan nath-haba Nahnu nath-

habu

- form of verb is present, but the meaning is madi/past; Hamid did not go.

-form of the verb is present, but the meaning is future; Hamid is not going to go.

- present tense

Book 5 – The I’rab (declension) of the sound masculine plural


12

Lesson 3(Lesson

23- Vol 2)

(muslimuna, muhandisuna, falahuna)

For marfu (subject, who?) – kharaja al mudarisuna – the teachers went out.Mansub (object – what or whom?) – Raaitul mudarisina – I saw the teacher.Majrur (with preposition) – Thahabtu ila-l mudarisina. – I went to the teacher.

The “Uqud” – the Tens (ishruna, thalatuna, arbauna, hamsuna, sittuna, sabuna, thamanuna, tisuna); the uqued have the same form for masculine and feminine

Feminine numbers – 21 – masc. – uahid, fem – ihdaEx. Uahid(un) wa ishruna taliban// ikhda wa ishruna talibatan

Numbers ending in 3-9 are opposite: masculine mad’ud is feminine and the feminine is masculine:

Ex. Thalathun wa ishruna talibatanThalathatun wa ishruna taliban

The Expression “La”… “ua la” – neither nor – used with the madi (past tense) instead of ma.

La akaltu wa la ashrabu – I neither ate nor drank.La qaraa wa la kataba – he neither read nor wrote.

The Preosition “Li” – is sometimes used to refer to the author of a book:

Al Muwatta lil Imam Malik – the Muwatta of/ by Imam Malik.Book 5 – Lesson 4(Lesson

24- Vol 2)

Arabic Numbers – From ones to thousands

# Masc. Feminine

1 Talibun (masc.) uahidun (masc)

Talibatun (fem.) Uahidsatun (fem.)

2 Talibani ithnani Talibatani ithnatani3 Thalathtu (fem adj)

tullabin (masc. Noun)Thalathu (masc adv.) talibatin (fem noun)

4 Arbaatu tullabin Arbau Talibatin5 Hamsatu Tullabin Hamsu Talibatin6 Sittatu Tulabin Sittu Talibatin7 Sabatu Tulabin Sabu Talibatin8 Thamaniatu Tullabin Thamani Talibatin9 Tisatu Tullabin Tisu Talibatin

10 Ashratu Tullabin Ashru Talibatin11 Ahada Ashara Taaliban Ikhda Ashara Talibaatan12 Ithna Ashara Taaliban Ithnata Ashra Talibatan13 Thalathata (fem) Ashara

(masc.) Taaliban (masc. noun)

Thalatha (masc.) Ashrata (fem) Taalibatan


13

Tens (same for masc. And feminine)

10 Ashara 60 – Tisuna20 Ishruna 70 – Sabuna30 Thalathuna 80 – Thamanuna40 Arbauna 90 - Tisuna50 Hamsuna

100 Miatu200 Miatani/ Miata300 Thalathu Mia Talibin/

Taalibatin1,000 Alfu Talibin/ Taalibatin

2,000 Alfani// Alfa Taalibin/Taalibatin

3,000Thalathatu Alfi Taalibin/ Taalibatin

Ex.6,543 Thalathatun ua arbauna

ua hamsatumiatin ua sittatu alfi rialin (masc.)

Thalathun ua arbauna ua hamsumiatin ua sittatu alfi rubiiatin (fem)


14


15

Book 5 – Lesson 5

(Lesson 25- Vol 2)

The verb “kana” (was) – is used in nominal sentences; (mubtada is ismu kana and the khabar is called khabaru kana, which is mansub)

Al mau baridun – Kana al mau baridun. Al mudarrisu fil fasli – Kana al mudarrisu fil fasli.“La iazalu” – he is still; sister kana and acts like kana.

Bilalun maridun – La iazzalu Bilalun maridun (Bilal is sick – Bilal is still sick).

The I’rab of Abun and Akun – these two words are mudaf and they take waw.

Marfu – Aina abuka? (Where is your father?) Mansub – Arifu Abaka. ( I know your father.) Majrur – Matha qulta li abika. (What did you tell your

father?)Min qabl – Qabla and Ba’da (before and after) are always mudaf.

Thahabtu ila masjidi qabla athani wa rajatu ba’da salati. – My father is now a principal, before he was a teacher.

If mudaf ilahi is ommited, qabla and bada become mabni – and they always have dammah.Abi alana mudirun wa kana min qablu mudarisan. Mamnuun mina as Sarf – has no tanwin; examples:Maridun – marda; Jarihun – Jarha; Asirun – Asra;

Book 5 – Lesson 6

(Lesson 26- Vol 2)

Verbs structure – most Arabic verbs have only three letters called radicals (fa,ain, la)- faala – example for all verbs.

Muta’al (weak) verb – if one of the 3 radicals is weak:

Muta’al fa – or Mithal – is the 1st radical is waw or ia; Muta’al ain – or Ajwaf – if the 2nd radical is waw or ia; Muta’al Lam – Naqis – if the 3rd radical is waw or ia. If two radicals are weak – the verb is called Al -lafif. Examples: Uaqafa (he stopped), uazana (he weighed) In the mithal, the waw from verb becomes ia for mudari

(present tense) : uaqafa – iaqifu. In the mithal, also the amr (imperative) – has no

hamzatul al-wasl : such as taziu – zin! (weigh)

The Diminutive Form

Ualadun – ulaidun (boy –little boy); zahra – zuhairun (little flower), nahrun – nuhairun (river)

Expressions:

Ha hua tha! – here it is (masc); Ha hia tha (fem.); Ha ana


16

tha (here I am)

The verb iujibu – is the mudari of wajaba – it is necessary – it should be; Iujibu alaina an nafhama al quran. – We should understand the Qur’an.

Negative form – Iujibu alihi an la iahruja minal fasli. – He should not leave class.

“La iajibu” – need not; La iajibu alaina an nahdura hatha ad-darsa. – We need not to attend this lesson.

Book 5 – Lesson 7

(Lesson 27- Vol 2)

The Mu’tall al ain or Ajwaf verbs – these verbs have uau or ia as the second radical (iaqulu – qala, ianumu – nama)

In the madi:

If the ajwaf verb is an au group, the first radical takes dhamma for isnad to mutahharik pronouns: (qulna)

If the ajwaf verb is an a-i or i-a group, the first radical takes kasrah for isnad to mutahharik pronouns (sirna, sirta, sirti…)

Mudari marfu: - the second radical is omitted at the time of its isnad to the mutaharrik pronouns (iaqulna – taqulna; ianamna – tanamna) The second radical is omitted in the following 4

forms: (lam iaqul; lam taqul; lam aqul; lam naqul) At-tifau Sakin

In the Amr: the second radical is ommited at the time of isnad or the verb to the mustatir and mutaharrik pronouns (also no need to add hamza al-wasl as it begins with a sakin letter) – qul – qulna; sir-sirna; namna – nam;

After a qasam (oath) the affirmative madi should be emphasized with laqad; The negative madi needs no emphasis:Uallahi laqad raaituhu fi-suqi. (By Allah – I saw him in the market)Negative – Uallahi ma aqultu shaian. – By Allah I ate nothing.Uallahi ma katabtu hatha. – By Allah I did not write this.The verb Thanna – to think:Athunnu al jauua jamilan – I think the weather is fine.Athunnaka tabiban – I think you are a doctor.Ijlis hatithu tashau – Sit where you wish.Iajiau – the hamza is written after the ya, because both hamza and ya are pronounced; Lam iaji – hamza is


17

written above the ya – ya is the chair for hamza.La iambari – it is not proper; La iambari li-talibi an iarrib.

The verb mata: (2 groups)

The I-a group: mata – iamatu; like nama – ianamu – with a mutaharrik pronoun the first radical has kasra in the madi: mittu, mitna.

A-u group: mata – iamutu; qala – iaqulu – with a mutahharik pronoun, the first radical has dammah in the madi: muttu – mutna.

Book 5 – Lesson 8

(Lesson 28- Vol 2)

The Naqis Verbs: the verbs which have ia or uau as the third radical (daa- iad’u; nasia – iansa;)

- in the Madi: both uau and ia have alif in pronunciation; (da’a; baka)the ia remains unchanged if the second radical has kasra (nasia; baqia)- the third radical is omitted if the verb has isnad to the pronoun of the 3rd masc plural (daau – orig. daau-u)- the third radical is omitted if the verb has isnad to the

3rd person feminine singular (da’at for da’aat) – At Tiqau Sakin.

- The ia is not omitted if the second radical has kasra (nasiat, baqiat)

- The third radical is to be restored to its original form if the isnad is to be the mutaharrik pronouns (daauna; daauta; daautu; daauna; they invited…)

- Example of ia: bakaina; bakaita; bakaitum; bakaitum; bakati; bakaitunna; bakaitu; bakaina)

In the Mudari:Mudari Marfu: - the dammah of the third radical is lost (iad’u tad’u,

ad’u nad’u; iabki, tabki, abki, nabki; iansa, tansa, ansa, nansa) – as orig. iadu’u, iabkiu.

- The 3rd radical is lost before the pronoun of the 3rd

masc. Plural (ia’una – they invite is orig. iadu’una, like iaktubuuna)

- The feminine and masculine plural are the same – in the pattern iaful’na – ar rijalu id’una – an nisaau iad’una.

- The 3rd radical is omitted before the pronoun of the feminine singular (tad’ina – you invite; is orig. tad’una)

- Same in fem sing. And fem plural: anti tabkina and antunna tabkina (you – sg. And pl. invite); in tansina (you forget) – second radical has fatha because orig. was tansiina.

Mudari Mansub:- The fatha in the 3rd radical is pronounced in verbs


18

ending in waw and ia, but not in verbs ending in alif (lan iad’uwa; lan iabkia – he will not invite, keep) lan iansa (he will not forget not lan iansaia)

Mudari Majzum:- here the 3rd radical is omitted: lam iad’u (he did not

invite – omitting uau); lam iabki (he did not weep – ia is omitted; lam iansa – alif has been omitted)

in the Amr (Imperative):- the 3rd radical is omitted: ud’u! – tad’u (invite); ibki

(weep)! – tabki; insi – tansi (forget!)The verb iara – he sees – the madi is raa (hew saw); 2nd

radical (hamza) has been omitted in the mudari;- tara (you see), Araa (I see), nara (we see);- Mudari Majzum, 3rd radical is lost: lam iara, lam tara

(no ia) – the amr of this verb is not used – we use Unthur (look) instead;

Ari (show) – Aria (aria; arii, arini – show me; arina – show us; arihi – show him)

The term bada’ – meaning yet – Lam iakihi bad’ – I have not ironed it yet.

Book 5 – Lesson 9

(Lesson 29- Vol 2)

The Muda’’af verb – in this verb, 2nd and 3rd radicals are identical (shamma, marra, hajja) In the Madi The 2nd radical loses its vowel when the verb is isnaded to the sakin pronouns (hajja for hajaja)The 2nd radical retains its vowel when the verb is isnaded to the mutaharrik pronouns (hajajna, hajahtu, hajatunna, hajati, hajajtum, hajajta, hajajna)

In the Mudari:Mudari’ Marfu – 2nd radical loses its vowel when the verb is isnaded to the sakin pronouns – iahujju for iahjuju; tajuhhu for tahjuju;2nd radical retains its vowel if isnaded to mutaharrik pronouns – tahjujuna, iahjujna.Mudari Majzum:At Tiqau As-Sakin: because both 2nd and 3rd radicals have no vowel: lam najujja, lam ahujja, lam tahujja, lam iahujja; 3rd radical takes a fatha; there is no At-tiqau Saakin for the other forms (lam iahujju, lam tahujji); In the Amr:- we remove the ta and the dhamma- tahujju – hujja;

3rd radical takes a fatha to remove At-tiqau Saakin ;as the verb does not begin with a sakin letter no hamza al-wasl is needed.

- If the verb is of I-a group like shamma, massa – kasra appears when 2nd radical is isnanded to the mutaharrrik pronouns (shamimta; shamimtu); the mudari marfu is iashammu; amr is shamma. Amr is


19

identical to the madi.

Meaning of “Lamma” – yet – used with madi – Lamma thahabtu ila Makatti zurtu sadiqqi – When I went to Makkah, I visited my friend.Indama used with mudari – indama athhabu ila masjidi ijlisu fi saffi awwala – when I go to the mosque, I sit in the first row.Qattu - abada – Lam aktub ilaihi qattu – I never wrote to him; Lan aktub ilahi abadan. – I will never write to him. Verb Classification Review:1- Salim – a) a verb which does not have hamzah, waw

or ya as one of the radicals; or b) in which the second or third radicals are not identical (kataba, sajada, dakhala)

2- Mahmuz – a verb which has hamza as one of the radicals (akala – ate // saala - asked, qaraa wrote)

3- Muda’’af – a verb in which the second and third radicals are identical: (shamma, marra, hajja)

4- Mithal – a verb that has a waw or ya as the first radical – uazana, uaqafa, iaisa (also named Al Mu’talul Al Fa)

5- Ajwaf – a verb that has a waw or ya as the second radical (nama, ianamu// qala, iaqulu) - also named Al Mu’talul Ain

6- Naqis – a verb which has waw or ya as the third radical (nasia, iansa//daa, iadu) – Al Mu’talul Al Lam

7- Al Lafif – a verb which has a waw or a as more than one radical, of two kinds:

Al Lafif Maqrun – has a wow or ya as the second and third radicals (uaqa – iaqi) Al Lafif Mafruq – it has a waw or ya as the first and third radicals (uaqa, iaqi – uaa, iai)

- in the Lafif Mafruq only – the second radical remains in the amr because the first radical is omitted in the mudari, and the third radical is ommited in the amr; the Amr from uaqa, iaqi – is qi (save) – and from uaa, uai – is I (ain) – understand!


(Lesson 30- Vol 2)

THE ISNAD OF THE VERB – for PRONOUNS OF THE DUAL

In the Madi –

Ar-rajulu thahaba – Ar rajulaini thahabaa (fatha alif)At-talibatu thahabat – At- talibatani thahabta


20

Anta thahabta – Antuma thahabtuma Anti thahabti – Antuma thahabtuma

In the Mudari’ Marfu’:At-talibu iathhabu – At talibani iathhabaniAt-talibatu iathhabu – At-talinani tathhabani

Anta tathhabu – Antuma tathhabaniAnti tathhabiina – Antuma tathhabani

In the Mudari Mansub and Majzum – Have the same form as in the Mudari majzum; in both tenses the “nun” is omitted:

Mudari Mansub - Mudari Majzum- Iuridu at-talibani an iathhaba – At-talibani lam

iathhaba- Turidu at –talibani an tathhaba - At-talibani lam

tathhaba- A turiduna an tathhabaa ia ahawani? – A lam

tathhabaa ia akhawani?- A turidani an tathhabaa ia ukhtaani? – A lam

tathhabaa ia ukhtani?


(Lesson 31- Vol 2)


21

Recommended Links:

http://www.madinaharabic.com/start_learning.html http://www.yamli.com/arabic-keyboard/ - writing Arabic without Arabic keyboardhttp://www.arabic-keyboard.org/ - on-line Arabic keyboard and translation

You tube channels:

http://www.youtube.com/user/ArabicMadeEasy?feature=watch - Arabic Made Easyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WpyVdKMuKl4 - Visuals Training – Madina Arabic Lessonshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FR4hALBaU2A - LQ Toronto (Lughratul Quran) – Madina Arabic Book 1


22

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FR4hALBaU2A

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WpyVdKMuKl4

http://www.youtube.com/user/ArabicMadeEasy?feature=watch

http://www.arabic-keyboard.org/

http://www.madinaharabic.com/start_learning.html

Arabic Language Course Index€¦ · Web viewThe word – kull – “all of” - connected to the...

Documents

Transcript of Arabic Language Course Index€¦ · Web viewThe word – kull – “all of” - connected to the...