ARCHITECT BERNARD TSCHUMI

LABEED ABDURAHMAN MI B120302 AR HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

LABEED ABDURAHMAN MI B120302 AR HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

“Architecture always starts with an idea, with the concept, not with a form. Concept, not form, is what distinguishes architecture from mere building.”

-Tschumi

CONTENTS

• LIFE OF TSCHUMI.• EDUCATION AND CAREER.• PHILOSOPHIES.• DEVELOPMENT AS AN ARCHITECT.• IMPORTANT BUILDINGS.• KYOTO RAILWAY STATION, Kyoto 1990.• PARC DE LA VILLETE, Paris 1998.• ACROPOLIS MUSEUM, Athens 2009

LIFE

• Born on January 25, 1944 in Lausanne, Switzerland. Son of well known architect Jean Tschumi.

• Studied in Paris and at ETH in Zurich.• Famous as an Architect, Writer, Philosopher

and an Educator.• Associated with Deconstructivism.• Currently he works and lives in New York and

Paris.

EDUCATION AND CAREER

• Bernard Tschumi studied primarily in Paris and then moved to the ETH, Zurich which is one of the leading international universities for technology and natural sciences. Tschumi received his degree for architecture from this university in 1969.

EDUCATION AND CAREER

• Bernard Tschumi has many accomplishments achieved with his career.

• Taught in many architectural universities and schools including– Portsmouth Institute, UK.– The Institution for Architecture and urban studies,

NY– Princeton Uniersity.– Columbia University.

EDUCATION AND CAREER

• Tschumi throughout his career has re-evaluated architecture's role in the practice of personal and political freedom.

• “Red is not a color” the book written by Tschumi is referred as a marathon of an architect struggling to define what architecture fundamentally is or should be.

PHILOSOPHIESSIX CONCEPTS1. Technologies of Defamiliarization: Tschumi advocates that in

architecture, defamiliarization is a clear tool to move away from superficiality.

2. The Mediated Shock: In a mediatized world, we communicate through shock. The increase in change& superficiality weakens architecture as a form of domination, power and authority.

3. De-Structuring: The relationship between structure and image, structure and skin is used to examine Structure versus ornament. Ornament is meant to be additive: it must not challenge or weaken the structure.

PHILOSOPHIES4. Superimposition: superimposing deconstruction which is

anti-form, anti-hierarchy, anti-structure the opposite of all that architecture stands for over architecture to blur the distinction between genres.

5. Cross-Programming: Architecture is as much about events that takes place in the space as about the space itself. It needs an interchangeability of form and function.

6. Events; The turning point: The hierarchical cause-and-effect effect relationship between function and form is one of the great certainties of architectural thinking. He says, “one cannot design Deconstruction, but he can design the conditions”.

DEVELOPMENT AS AN ARCHITECT

• After graduating, from 1968-1970, Tschumi stopped designing so that he could think about what architecture is.

• He looked at literature, film, and other disciplines in terms of what the could bring to architectural thought.

• In the 1970’s, he was inclined towards recapturing the spirit and concept of early 20th century.

• Later, he taught at the Architectural Association and did projects such as The Screenplays (1977) and the Manhattan Transcripts (1981).

AS AN ARCHITECT

• In the 1980’s, Tschumi presented his work in ‘Deconstructivist Architecture’ opened at Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) along with six other offices.

• He won the competition for Parc De La Villete, which was his first major public work and an implimentation of his design research.

• In 1986 Tokyo National Theater and Opera House project continued this design research.

Cultural Centre in the Palmer City Park proposes a remarkable integration between performance and landscape

IMPORTANT PROJECTS

IMPORTANT PROJECTS

IMPORTANT PROJECTS

IMPORTANT PROJECTS

IMPORTANT PROJECTS

Philharmonic hall and arts centre, Rolle, Switzerland

IMPORTANT PROJECTS

IMPORTANT PROJECTS

IMPORTANT PROJECTS

IMPORTANT PROJECTS

IMPORTANT PROJECTS

KYOTO RAILWAY STATION

• Designer• Location• Year• Building• Construction System• Architectural Style

:Ar. Bernard Tschumi

:Kyoto:1988-1998:Public Infrastructure:Metal Panel, Glass:Modern

KYOTO RAILWAY STATION

SITE:• Site includes an undistinguished series of plain office

and commercial blocks.SIGNIFICANCE• The new station is the gateway to a city that is the

repository of much of what the Japanese admire in their culture.

• The station was conceived to celebrate the 1200th anniversary, in 1994 of Kyoto’s having become Japan’s capital.

KYOTO RAILWAY STATION• The main constituent

elements are aligned along the Tokyo grid- one block for cultural centre, two for hotel and convention centre, two for parking & restaurants keeping a 9m opening between each block.

• The block were subdivided into organizational strips 18m, 27m, 18m wide respectively, with a 3m gap between them to allow natural light into the blocks.

ACROPOLIS MUSEUM

• Located at the foot of the Acropolis, the site confronted with sensitive archaeological excavations, the presence of the contemporary city and its street grid, and the Parthenon itself.

ACROPOLIS MUSEUM

Combined with a hot climate in an earthquake region, these conditions moved us to design a simple and precise museum with the mathematical and conceptual clarity of ancient Greece.

Acropolis museum- Plans

ACROPOLIS MUSEUM

BIBILIOGRAPHY

• http://www.tschumi.com/projects/17/#

• http://www.archdaily.com/61898/new-acropolis-museum-bernard-tschumi-architects/

• http://www.tschumi.com/projects/2/• http://www.tschumi.com/projects/3/• http://www.archdaily.com/92321/ad-classics-parc-de-la-villette-bernard-tschumi/

• http://www.artfact.com/artist/tschumi-bernard-i8y5fdnmw6

• http://www.tschumi.com/bernard-tschumi/