APSE – November, 2013
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Transcript of APSE – November, 2013
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David Mank, Ph.D. and Teresa Grossi, Ph.D.
Indiana Institute on Disability and Community
Indiana Universitywww.iidc.indiana.edu
Turning Tides: Re-Investing in the Future of Supported Employment
APSE – November, 2013
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WORK: Intentional physical or mental effort directed toward the production or accomplishment of something, most often to benefit someone other than one’s self.
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Initial investments in the 1980’s and 1990’s created
an environment of possibility.
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Supported employment emerged in federal law in
1984.
P. L. 98-527
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The history from the late 1970’s to the present includes a host of developments and documentation of positive outcomes, development of improved methods, organizational approaches, systemic strategies, as well as policy and funding mechanisms.
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There is an unevenness across states in the implementation of employment options.
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There are about 20% of people in some day service with access to integrated employment, and this average has been much the same for nearly 20 years.
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From impossible to possible ….From possible to beneficial ….From beneficial to allowed ….From allowed to preferred ….From preferred to expected ….From expected to required ….
…. to the same standard as everyone else
Employment
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U. S. Department of Labor, Office of Disability Employment Policy
Administration on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Department of EducationCenter for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Social Security Administration
Renewed National Scale Investment
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Alliance for Full ParticipationNational Governor’s AssociationEmployment First Approaches
AND …
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Supported Employment MethodsCustomized EmploymentSelf-EmploymentProject SearchTransition
Improvements in Employment Implementation
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Excellent job matchMaximum hours / week possibleNeutral supportsBenefits planningPersonalizeTake advantage of what is ‘typical’ in a job setting
Maximizing Individual Outcomes
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Funding Focused on Outcomes
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Individual ChoicesFamily ExperiencesLegislation
New Information About Sheltered Settings
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Few hours day / weekGroup employmentSub-minimum wageProviders as employer of recordAggressive use of tax creditsProtecting SSI/SSDI benefits
Ways to Diminish Outcomes
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Over 300 different types of cereals?
Over 40 different types of toothpaste?
Over 230 different types of soups?
Did You Know That We Have Choice Of:
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How many work experiences (paid or nonpaid) do individuals with disabilities typically have prior to a permanent job?
How many experiences does it take before truly understanding a person’s strengths, preferences, interests, and needs?
How many opportunities prior to closing the case?
Choice For Individuals:
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People choose to congregatePeople are happy where they areIts too expensiveThe community is not a friendly place
Some people aren’t “ready”Some people are too severely disabled
Supported Employment is simply a different – not a better - paradigm
Arguments Against Expansion of Supported Employment
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Renewed Business
Leadership:
Walgreens, Starbucks, BLN’s
and More
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Litigation
U. S. Department of Justice
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Renewed Investment in Transition and Post Secondary Education
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International Developments
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Rising Voice of Self-Advocates
(sabe.org)
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Equal employment opportunities for equal pay for all people
Immediately, no new people can go into sheltered workshops
Immediately, no new people can go join an enclave
Ending sub-minimum wage in 2012
Ending enclaves in 2014
Therefore, Be It Resolved
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Funding Constraints:Hours of employment delivered for people that do get jobs
Continued slow pace of expansion
“Benefits trap”Sustained pressure in states to expand day services
Potential Threats to Further Expansion of Integrated Employment
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PolicyLitigationResearchImplementationFunding
Implications
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Do what we already know how to do
Put control of resources in the hands of people with disabilities
Eradicate policy conflictsClose the door of entry into segregated programs
Expand investment with employers
Invest in broader community initiatives
A New Path to Change