APS in 2004

Any organization, no matter how strong, should periodically examine itself. This was aprimary goal for my year as APS President. The APS leadership worked to develop a

long-range view of APS, to consider the Society’s goals and values, examine its internal andexternal interactions, and focus efforts on the larger issues facing physics and APS. Discussionbegan at the convocation of APS unit leaders in January and continued throughout the year.Concrete results include a new vision statement (see http://www.aps.org/exec/index.cfm), heightened activity by manyAPS committees, new efforts for public visibility for APS, and streamlined agendas for the Executive Board to allow time forthe big picture issues. The work continues to influence the Society’s decisions in many less visible ways.

In 2004, APS worked on visa issues in coalition with many educational and professional societies. The visa situationimproved significantly throughout the year. Physics department chairs reported improvements in on-time arrival of newforeign graduate students. Delays of visas because of security reviews were much reduced. Much remains to be done torepair the harm that has been done to international collaborative efforts. Denials of visas to students and young scientistsare still frequent. APS will continue to work to improve this situation.

For the first time ever, the APS March meeting was held outside the US—in Montreal. The largest ever attendance ofabout 6,100 included many from outside the US, especially Canadians. Fewer foreign students studying in the USattended due to concerns that they could have trouble with their reentry.

During 2004, the APS Study on Boost Phase Intercept Missile Defense published its final report (RMP 76, S1-424).Panel on Public Affairs (POPA) subcommittees carried out three smaller studies: The Hydrogen Initiative, the Modern PitFacility, and the Moon-Mars Program (http://www.aps.org/public_affairs/popa/reports/index.cfm). All these studies havebeen brought to the attention of relevant Congressional committees and have engendered media attention.

Two important activities of the APS are not known by many members: Department Chairs Conferences and NewFaculty Workshops. The biennial Department Chairs Conference held in June, 2004, in cooperation with the AmericanAssociation of Physics Teachers (AAPT), emphasized graduate education. About 90 chairs from across the countryexchanged ideas and profited from each other’s wisdom. Held in November, a successful New Faculty Workshop, runjointly with AAPT and the American Astronomical Society had capacity attendance.

Following the work of the 2003 APS Task Force on Professional Ethics, ethics remained a prominent issue. In April,Council approved a Statement on the Treatment of Subordinates (see http://www.aps.org/statements/04_1.cfm). Itemphasizes that “subordinates should be treated with respect and with concern for their well-being.” This reflectsconcerns expressed by many junior members in the ethics task force survey, concerns we must all take very seriously.I hope that all physics departments now include some explicit professional ethics education in their graduate program,and that they will devote some faculty time to discuss the issues reflected in this statement.

APS is in good financial health. One of my goals has been to streamline the budgeting process, clarifying what are theimportant financial decisions that Council must make each year, not all of which occur at budget time, and building astronger sense of what these decisions mean for the future of the society. The money that constitutes our unrestrictedreserves functions like an endowment. We budget a draw against these reserves that, with membership dues, supportsactivities such as education and public information. The reserves also provide a buffer for changes as the scientificpublishing world moves towards open access electronic publishing. We must be prepared to ensure that the Society cansurvive whatever changes occur. This was a major topic of discussion in our long-range planning. However, in 2004, costreductions in journal publishing gave us a stronger than expected financial return (and led to price reductions for 2005).

Finally, I turn to what APS is all about—physics. Research funding remains very tight. The efforts of our WashingtonOffice are critical in a time of broad budget cuts, to defend the need for research funding. Despite tight funding, thecommunity continues to produce exciting results across the spectrum of physics: a magnet made from carbon nanofoam;better evidence that the expansion of the Universe is beginning to accelerate; infrared sensing to locate veins; observationof parity violation in electron-electron scattering; an optical Hall effect … these and many more results show acommunity at work on many fronts. Both physics as a discipline and the APS as a society remain vital and active.

Helen QuinnAPS 2004 President

LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT

Over the last decade, rising submissions to APS researchpublications have driven or strongly affected nearly

every other effort in the APS Editorial Office. In this pastyear, 28,691 papers came into the Editorial Office forconsideration, an increase of 5.2% over 2003. TheEditor-in-Chief worries about this relentless increase, butstates that a decrease would worry him still more: worryis the constant. A cadre of excellent young editors, manywith international backgrounds, have joined the staff inthe last few years. It is gratifying that APS is able toattract individuals of this caliber, and their commitment,contributions and enthusiasm have enlivened the office.So far, the highly skilled and productive JournalOperations staff members, who assist the editors withtheir work, have been able to handle the additionalpapers without additional staff.

Two additional editors are likely to be needed thisyear due to continued growth in manuscriptsubmissions, and space is once again an issue. Expansionof the editorial office is problematic, given its location inthe environmentally sensitive Pine Barrens area of LongIsland. Other options are being explored, such asprocuring additional local office space, increasingtelecommuting, and researching the possibility of anoverseas editorial office—in recognition of the fact thattwo-thirds of authors are outside the US. These optionsare viable thanks to Prism, the up-and-running fullyelectronic editorial system that is the outcome of nearly adecade of analysis, planning, and hard work, and whichreplaces the bulky and vulnerable paper-based system.Migration of the entire office from the old Unix-basedsystem to a new Macintosh environment was part of theproject as well, and was accomplished in 2004 by thevigorous Journal Information Systems staff, with

dedicated support from the Facilities Services staff duringdeployment.

Another constant concern at the Editorial Office isround-the-clock continuity of service to the worldwidephysics community. On the several occasions of electricalpower failure in 2004, the propane-powered generatorwas called into duty and served with distinction. Everydesktop computer is equipped with an uninterruptiblepower supply to avoid any loss of data in the instantbefore the generator kicks in. A surprising breach inInternet service led to planning for an additional andmore reliable source and provider.

New composition and production vendors have beenengaged for both Physical Review D and Physical Review C.Competitive pricing is one motivation for the switch, andbusiness continuity is another. In the event of a problemwith one of the three vendors, another could likely takeup the slack. Well-controlled expenses and savings as aresult of the new vendors allowed APS to lowerinstitutional subscription prices for journals for 2005.

The issues of ethics and misconduct in physicspublishing are not likely to go away anytime soon.Several new cases arose this year, including one thatinvolved plagiarism in another journal of a PhysicalReview paper that was 40 years old. A broad but succinctset of guidelines on ethical conduct in scientificpublishing has been created, coming out of an IUPAP-sponsored workshop held in October, 2003. Detailsabout the workshop and the guidelines are available athttp://www.iupap.org/working/workshop.shtml.

Scholarly publishers, authors, readers, andgovernment agencies continued the dialogue on “openaccess” in the past year, with the APS Editor-in-Chief andPublisher listening carefully and when appropriate,participating in the discussion. The term “open access”is slightly better defined, and there is improvedunderstanding of the diversity of the fields involved, andtheir varying suitability for the open-access model. Publicinterest in biomedical research, the field’s presentgenerous federal funding, and the level of presentationof its papers, make the biomedical field perhaps moresuited to open access than physics is. Recovery of realcosts is the bottom line, and a publisher like APS, witha commitment to updating and maintaining an archiveindefinitely, cannot enter into an unproven fundingmodel.

RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS

2

The annual March and April meetings in 2004 were verysuccessful. The March meeting, held for the first time

outside the United States, in Montreal, was the largest inAPS history. More than 6,000 people attended. Attendeesenjoyed the international flavor of this French-Canadiancity despite the cold and the snow. The meeting hadthe largest international attendance to date, withparticipation by more than 1,800 scientists from55 countries. The program consisted of approximately700 invited talks and 5,500 contributed talks. More than1,400 new members joined the Society during the Marchmeeting registration process.

Several special sessions were held, including eveningsessions entitled, “Criss-Cross: The Unity of Physics”;“Basic Research for the Hydrogen Economy”; and “TheImpact of High-end Computing on Research in Physics.”All sessions were well attended.

The 2004 April meeting held in Denver attractedmore than 1,000 attendees. The program consisted ofapproximately 200 invited talks, and 700 contributedtalks. The plenary talks, added to the program severalyears ago, continue to be very well attended. In addition,two special sessions were held: a public lecture entitled,“How Does the Sun Shine?,” featuring APS VicePresident, John Bahcall, and a town meeting on “OurNeutrino Future.”

In addition, there were many other scientific meetingssponsored in 2004 by APS units, including the meetings ofthe Divisions of Nuclear Physics, Atomic, Molecular andOptical Physics, Laser Science, Plasma Physics, and FluidDynamics, as well as meetings sponsored by topical groupsand sections.

In January, 2004, APS sponsored the second“Opportunities in Biology for Physicists” conferenceaimed at graduate students and postdoctoralacademicians. The 200 participants heard outstandingtalks by leading experts on topics such as patternformation and self-organization, bioinformatics,neuroscience, and biological nanotechnology. Theconference included a tour of some of the laboratories atthe University of California in San Diego, which helpedhost the conference. The conference was supported by anumber of federal agencies and foundations.

During 2004, the Information Technology Departmentcompleted a complete rewrite of the Meetings AbstractSubmission System. By moving the legacy abstractsystem to a database format, APS is now able to providenew functionality and future flexibility. In order to helpstaff formulate and prioritize enhancements to best meetthe Society’s needs, a special Task Force on EnhancingInformation Systems for Meetings was formed. This taskforce met in the fall to formulate a list of suggested initialenhancements and to begin to prioritize them for action.

For the first time, physicists at the March sortersmeeting used scanning technology to build sessionswithin the system, scanning encoded data from sortedpapers.

SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS

3

The climate in Washington during the 2004 calendaryear was difficult from both political and budgetary

standpoints. Although support for science remains strongand bipartisan, several key issues, prime among themstem cell research and energy policy, created dissension.And the mounting federal deficit constrained funding formost domestic discretionary programs. Nonetheless, theAPS Washington Office, working with its advisorycommittees, the Panel on Public Affairs (POPA), and thePhysics Policy Committee (PPC) and with broad scienceadvocacy coalitions, achieved several major successes.

In March, 2004, POPA’s Energy Subcommitteereleased a report, “The Hydrogen Initiative,” anexamination of the Administration’s plan to develop ahydrogen-fueled car and supporting infrastructure by2020. Following testimony by the subcommittee chair,the House Science Committee Chair endorsed thereport’s three major findings:

(1) for the Initiative to succeed, scientific breakthroughsare required, necessitating increased funding for basicresearch;

(2) funding for large demonstration projects would bepremature at this time; and

(3) the renewable energy and energy efficiency budgetsshould not be cut to accommodate increases in theHydrogen Initiative budget. The POPA report garneredpress coverage in US News and World Report, the LosAngeles Times, AOL, and CQ Weekly, which featuredthe Hydrogen Initiative in a cover story.

By the end of May, Congress took action on all of thereport’s recommendations.

In April, POPA’s National Security Subcommitteereleased an analysis of the proposed Modern Pit Facility(MPF), a facility for creating plutonium pits for nuclearweapons, calling for a delay in site selection for the MPFuntil the “accelerated aging experiment” producedresults. The report also called for reducing the overallproduction size of the MPF and developing a morerobust program in plutonium aging. Congress actedfavorably on all of the recommendations, eliminatingfunding for the MPF in the Energy & WaterAppropriations Bill, “pending the outcome of the[Energy] Secretary’s review of the weapons complex andthe accelerated pit aging experiments”; and suspending50% of the MPF funding in the Defense AuthorizationBill, pending an assessment of production capabilities.

Science budgets proved more problematic. With theWhite House Office of Management and Budget lobbyingfor federal spending restraint, except for the Departmentsof Defense (DOD) and Homeland Security (DHS),Congressional appropriations stalled on all other

discretionary programs. A lame duck session of Congressfinally passed a 3,600-page omnibus Fiscal Year (FY)2005 appropriations bill in December. These includedspending for NASA’s Moon-Mars Initiative andrestoration of the previous year’s cuts to core laboratoryprograms at National Institute of Standards andTechnology (NIST). The bill reduced the NationalScience Foundation (NSF) budget by 1.9% from FY2004, taking the cut entirely from science education.With unrelenting support from the Energy & WaterAppropriations House and Senate chairs, the Departmentof Energy’s Office of Science fared somewhat better,emerging with a 4.3% increase over FY 2004 forResearch & Development. Earlier in the year, Congresshad passed a bill increasing funding for the DOD’s 6.1and 6.2 accounts by 8.7%.

The budgetary outcome probably would have beenconsiderably worse had the science and engineeringcommunities not been so vocal in their advocacy. InJanuary, APS unit officers visited 72 congressional officesin conjunction with the APS Unit Convocation, andthree months later, APS participated in the joint societyCongressional Visits Day. The APS Washington Officestaff also orchestrated letter-writing campaigns at theMarch and April meetings, generating almost 5,300communications to Congress. Laboratory Users Groupsand APS divisions added another 1,100.

During the summer and fall, APS worked with othergroups to arrange visits for Nobel laureates and keybusiness leaders with major opinion and policy makers.Due to their efforts, columns appeared in Roll Call, theWashington Post, and Business Week, calling for enhancedfederal spending on research. Washington Office staffalso played an instrumental role on the Task Force forthe Future of American Innovation, led by Intel and theNational Association of Manufacturers, which sponsoreda National Press Club event, ultimately leading to frontpage coverage of the state of American science by theNew York Times, and a number of meetings with Housemajority leadership.

In November, an ad hoc POPA subcommittee releaseda report that expressed serious concerns with theAdministration’s Moon-Mars Initiative and urged that anexternal review be carried out by the National Academyof Sciences before the US commits to going forward. TheNew York Times, USA Today, the Washington Post (on itsfront page), MSNBC, and a number of regionalnewspapers covered the report.

At the end of the year, an additional ad hoc POPAsubcommittee on “Nuclear Power and ProliferationResistance” was formed. This group is expected to have areport ready for the April, 2005 POPA meeting.

PUBLIC AFFAIRS

4

The year 2004 was an active one for internationalprograms at APS. In February, Amy Flatten joined APS

as the new Director of International Affairs. Flatten cameto APS after serving five years in the White House Officeof Science and Technology Policy. Flatten wasimmediately immersed in the many internationalactivities of the Society but the visa issue was oftendominant. In the spring, APS joined more than 20 otherscience, higher education, and engineering organizationsin developing a joint statement urging the USgovernment to adopt six practical recommendationsto improve visa processing, which was impedingmultinational collaborations (see the statement athttp://www.aps.org/statements/03_1.cfm). The grouprepresented 95% of the US research community, and thiswas the first time US science and academic leaders hadendorsed a comprehensive plan to address the visa-processing quagmire in the wake of heightened securityconcerns following the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

The statement received much attention, includingfront-page coverage by the Financial Times, and articles inthe Wall Street Journal, New York Times, and Sciencemagazine. By the end of the year, the Departments ofState and Homeland Security had taken action on anumber of the statement’s recommendations, and 98% ofVisa Mantis cases were reportedly being cleared in lessthan 30 days.

At least in part as a response to 2004 APS PresidentHelen Quinn’s emphasis on long-range planning, the APS

Committee on International Scientific Affairs (CISA)suggested a new role for itself to better serve the interestsof APS. In addition to its advisory role, CISA decided toestablish subcommittees to study long-term, cross-cuttinginternational issues and trends that affect physics, APSmembers and the Society. CISA has established a pair ofsubcommittees to examine: (1) access to international userfacilities, and (2) increasing APS journal access indeveloping countries.

Much of the APS international activity involvedworking with global partners to organize and raise fundsfor the World Conference on Physics and SustainableDevelopment to be held in Durban, South Africa,October 31-November 2, 2005. The World Conferencewill serve as the first global forum to focus the physicscommunity toward development goals and to create newmechanisms of cooperation with government andindustry toward their achievement. Co-sponsored byUNESCO, the Abdus Salam International Centre forTheoretical Physics (ICTP), the International Union ofPure and Applied Physics (IUPAP), and the SouthAfrican Institute of Physics—the conference is expectedto attract 400-500 participants from across the globe.Four themes were chosen for the conference: Physics andEconomic Development, Physics and Health, Energy andthe Environment, and Physics Education. Moreinformation is available at http://www.wcpsd.org.

Leaders of the APS Forum on Graduate StudentAffairs spent 2004 organizing the joint Canadian, US,and Mexican physical societies’ graduate studentconference (CAM 2005) to be held August, 2005, inSan Diego, California. CAM 2005 will encouragecollaborations among young scientists within the NorthAmerican continent. The conference theme, “Physicswithout Borders,” underscores the broader influence ofCAM 2005 by emphasizing the international communityin which scientists operate.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

5

The APS Scholarship for Minority Undergraduate PhysicsMajors program annually selects outstanding minorityundergraduates for monetary awards. In 2004, theCommittee on Minorities in Physics (COM), whichserves as the selection committee for these awards, chose19 new scholarship recipients, one of its largest groupsof scholars to date. COM members remain committed tothe success of these students by assigning a COM mentorto each scholarship recipient and helping them findadditional mentors at their universities.

At the March meeting in Montreal, the Committee onMinorities organized a session with minority speakersentitled, “Topics in Nanoscale and CooperativePhenomena,” which was very well attended. COM alsoco-sponsored a reception with the CSWP and theCommittee on Careers and Professional Development.

Fundraising for the new APS Award for Excellence inPhysics Education continues. By the end of 2004, over$23,000 had been raised towards the goal of $100,000.The Committee on Education and the Forum onEducation (FEd) approved a pilot survey to study teacherlicensure across the US. This project will utilize the helpthe AAPT to identify people who would be interested insupporting this effort. The Committee on Education is alsoproviding input to the Joint APS/AAPT Task Force onGraduate Studies, whose final report is expected in spring2005.

The APS Online Career Center, a shared employmentdatabase between APS, AIP, AVS, and AAPT, continued togrow and has been quite successful. In APS’ second yearoffering the service, 855 new job seekers registeredthrough the portal, and 138 new jobs came through thewebsite. In 2004, the total number of jobs in thedatabase, from all portals, was 857.

APS membership continued to experience steadygrowth in 2004, particularly in the student member

category. The official APS member count at the end of2004 was 43,462, with students representing slightlyover 8,000 of those members. Membership Departmentstaff paid particular attention to retention in 2004,creating a new position, Membership RetentionCoordinator. The Retention Coordinator attempts tocontact lapsed members by telephone and has foundthat many people contacted immediately want to rejoin.

Starting in 2004, all new members were able to joinAPS online at http://www.aps.org/memb/joinaps.cfm.This new feature will not only help prospectivemembers, but it will also allow staff to give moreattention to other important functions.

The “Friends of APS” program continues to be animportant link between APS and its academicmembership. The number of “Friends” grew in 2004;most large physics departments now have a “Friend,”and efforts will be made to expand this to smallerdepartments, national laboratories, and industry.

The new APS Member Article Pack Service waslaunched in 2004, allowing APS members to purchaseprintable electronic copies of 20 articles for $50 fromany of the Physical Review publications. This service willbe a valuable addition for those members in smallindustrial companies and at smaller universities andcolleges that are unable to subscribe to all of the APSjournals.

The APS Directory was produced in print form for thelast time in 2004. The Committee on Membershipapproved the Directory as an online-only benefit startingin 2005. All historical information and member listingswill be accessible through the APS website. If demandexists, small quantities of CD-Roms will be produced in2006.

The number of APS units continues to grow, andreached 39 during 2004. The most recent unit approvedby the APS Council is the Topical Group on QuantumInformation, Concepts and Computation. All units haveindividual websites with links from the main site usinghttp://www.aps.org/units/index.cfm; 26 are hosted by APS.

MEMBERSHIP

7

PUBLIC INFORMATION

8

The popularity of the APS website for the public,Physics Central, continued in 2004, with an average of

about four million hits per month. Physics Central alsoadded to its list of awards, being selected as one of theEisenhower National Clearinghouse Digital Dozen, witha citation that, in part, described the site as “packed fullof info about people who matter in physics, facts thatmatter in physics, and physics websites that matter...”Physics Central also received recognition as one of theExploratorium’s “Ten Cool Sites.” Readers of this reportcan see for themselves what all the fuss is about athttp://www.physicscentral.com.

The APS Media Relations effort pursued its primarygoals of maintaining and expanding the exposure ofphysicists and physics in the media. Stories promotedthrough the Media Relations office have appeared overthe past year in the pages of the New York Times, theWashington Post, USA Today, the Wall Street Journal, andthe news portions of Science and Nature, among manyother national, international, and local publications. As inyears past, the head of APS Media Relations andcolleagues from the AIP Media and GovernmentRelations group were responsible for stimulating a largefraction of the media coverage of physics and relatedissues. Many physics-related stories, generated throughpress releases and personal contacts with the media,promoted topics arising from APS journals and from APSannual March and April meetings, as well as severalsmaller meetings, including those hosted by the Divisionof Plasma Physics, and the Division of Atomic, Molecular,and Optical Physics.

Much of the APS media effort in 2004 was dedicatedto publicizing the upcoming World Year of Physics 2005(WYP 2005). Dozens of newspaper and magazinearticles, and reports on broadcast radio, have coveredvarious aspects of the WYP 2005, generally includingreferences to the APS and its WYP 2005 projects, or tothe international WYP 2005 efforts, to which the APShas contributed significantly over the past year. Thedistributed computing project “Einstein@Home,” inparticular, is a WYP project initiated by the APS staff. Itappears likely to be one of the most successfuloutreach/media relations WYP efforts, and has sparkedpublic interest across the country and around the world.

Not only in media relations, but more broadly, APS hastaken a lead role in the US to promote the World Year ofPhysics. The main thrust in 2004 was to raise awarenessof WYP 2005 among the physics community in order tostimulate outreach efforts to the general public in 2005.In addition to this effort, the APS WYP team is engagedin ongoing preparations for 2005. In particular, the APS:� Organized and participated in the WYP 2005 Second

Preparatory Conference in Montreal. Sixty-threeparticipants, representing 29 nations, discussed plansfor their individual countries and for internationalcooperation.

� Exhibited at the national convention of the NationalScience Teachers Association (NSTA) in Atlanta,Georgia, talked to elementary, middle school, andhigh school teachers about APS classroom projectsand encouraged their participation;

� Exhibited at the Intel International Science andEngineering Fair in Portland, Oregon, and encouragedhigh school and middle school students to participatein physics projects in honor of WY 2005.

� Participated in the Discovery Channel Young ScientistChallenge at the University of Maryland, which wasbroadcast nationally on December 19, 2004.

� Exhibited at regional NSTA conventions in Seattle,Richmond, and Indianapolis.

� Exhibited at the Quadrennial Congress of Sigma PiSigma, held jointly with APS Four Corners Section, inAlbuquerque.

� Secured funding from the Department of Energy, NSF,and NIST to support WYP projects.

� Received 39 grant applications for the WYP “Physicson the Road” project. Sixteen programs (plus fouralternates) were chosen for funding.

� Received 12 applications from high school classes,who designed experiments to be performed on NASA’sreduced gravity airplane in September, 2005.Six teams of three teachers were chosen to fly andperform the experiments.

� Developed an innovative program for middle schoolstudents called PhysicsQuest, and created a video toaccompany the project.

� Coordinated publicity efforts on the APS-hostedwebsite http://www.physics2005.org, both to sign upparticipants in APS projects, and to list events in theOnline Event Finder.

� Exhibited at an event sponsored on Capitol Hill by theCoalition for National Science Funding.

In July 2004, the U.S. House of Representatives passed aresolution declaring 2005 the World Year of Physics. TheSenate followed suit in September. APS worked withmembers of both houses to accomplish this. In addition,in June the United Nations General Assembly declared2005 the International Year of Physics (only the UN hasthe right to declare international years).

In 2004, the Executive Board approved a new publicinformation activity, the Historic Sites Initiative.Responding to a request from a group appointed by theForum on the History of Physics, the Board established acommittee of distinguished physicists to designatehistoric physics sites in the United States, and to arrangefor plaques to be placed at the appropriate locations. Theinitiative’s goals are to raise public awareness of physics.The first set of historic sites are expected to be identifiedand announced during the WYP 2005.

APS honored 42 Prize and Award recipients in 2004.Of these, 17 received their awards at the March

meeting in Montreal; 15 were recognized at the Aprilmeeting in Denver, and the remaining 10 had theirawards presented at meetings of individual divisions,topical groups, or sections. The spectrum of thesePrizes and Awards included those given foroutstanding research accomplishments in all fieldsof physics represented in APS, as well as forcontributions to public service. Some individualunits also bestowed their own unit awards.

In addition bestowing prizes and awards, the APSCouncil elected 205 APS members to Fellowship inthe fall of 2004 on the recommendation of the APSdivisions, forums, and topical groups.

The Abraham Pais Award for History of Physicsbecame active in 2004, with the first set ofnominations being evaluated, and the first recipientapproved by the APS Executive Board in June. ThePais Award will be presented for the first time at the2005 April meeting. In addition, the Andrei SakharovPrize attained its fundraising goals, which will leadto the first call for nominations in 2005. At the sametime, the Prizes and Awards Committee recommended,and the Board approved, the restructuring of theNicholson Medal to become an award primarily formentorship.

PRIZES, AWARDS & FELLOWSHIPS

9

FINANCES

FY 2004 OPERATING REVENUES & EXPENSES

DECEMBER 31, 2004

The accompanying two tables and charts summarize thefinancial operations of the Society as of December 31,

2004. The financial position of the Society on December 31is summarized for 2003 and 2004 in the STATEMENT OFFINANCIAL POSITION. The financial activities of thevarious components of the Society are summarized in theSTATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES.

A different presentation of the Society’s financialactivities is shown through the accompanying bar chart,covering the FY 2004 OPERATING REVENUE ANDEXPENSES, and pie charts entitled FY 2004 STATEMENTOF ACTIVITIES, depicting the distribution of revenueand expenses among different Society activities.

At the end of the Fiscal Year 2004, the total assets ofthe APS were $106.5 million (M), up from $93.6M a yearbefore. The Society’s liabilities were $31.9M, up from$28.8M the previous year. Net assets at the end ofFY 2004 were $74.6M, compared with $64.8M at the endof 2003. Net assets include $9.2M in restricted net assets,and $65.4M in unrestricted net assets. The restricted netassets are monies intended for prizes and awards and forthe programs of the current capital campaign. Theunrestricted net assets are the Society’s reserves, whichmay be used for any of the operations of the Society. TheSociety’s reserves are primarily invested in equities andfixed income issues to provide income to the Society.During 2004, these investments had a net gain of $4.8Mreflecting the significant recovery of the stock marketduring this period. Over the long run, a portion of theincome from investments augments contributions frommembers to support the Society’s programs, while theremaining portion of this income is reinvested to allowreserves to grow with inflation.

A Business Continuity Plan (BCP) is in place for boththe College Park/Washington and Ridge offices. Thepurpose of the BCP is to provide an action plan in theevent of a disruption of normal operations because ofnatural or manmade events. The BCP includes contactnames, checklists of orderly procedures, and plans foroff-site operations if necessary. The BCP is updated andreported on to the Audit Committee on an annual basis.

FY 2004 STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES

$451,1281.1%$3,284,793

7.7%

$34,314,72580.6%

$3,141,0647.4%

$29,506,62470.9%

$1,378,8023.2%

$1,700,7194.1%

$3,447,3768.3%

$3,344,5608.0%

$3,615,3048.7%

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION as of December 31, 2004, and 2003

ASSETS 2004 2003

Cash and cash equivalents $15,220,741 $16,700,301

Investments, at fair value 77,476,419 67,634,145

Accounts receivable:

American Institute of Physics 5,700,479 2,171,637

Other, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $151,000 and $222,000 662,102 912,409

Bequest receivable 1,406,889

Pledges receivable, net 748,758 722,662

Prepaid expenses and other assets 406,459 545,362

Land, building and equipment, net 4,407,489 4,519,587

Beneficial interest in perpetual trust 428,649 403,725

Total assets $106,457,985 $93,609,828

LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS

LIABILITIES:Accounts payable $1,889,700 $1,311,989

Deferred revenues:

Publications 20,142,290 18,958,651

Membership dues 2,393,388 2,264,485

Other 186,560 123,377

Liability for post-retirement medical benefits 7,250,581 6,138,436

Total liabilities 31,862,519 28,796,938

NET ASSETS:Unrestricted 65,420,730 57,574,176

Temporarily restricted 7,264,574 6,762,702

Permanently restricted 1,910,162 476,012

Total net assets 74,595,466 64,812,890

Total liabilities and net assets $106,457,985 $93,609,828

FINANCIAL OUTLOOK

11

STATEMENTS OF ACTIVITIES for the Years Ended December 31, 2004 and 2003

CHANGES IN UNRESTRICTED NET ASSETS

2004 2003

REVENUES:Research publications $34,314,725 $31,880,552

Scientific meetings 3,284,793 3,790,756

Membership operations 3,141,064 3,108,371

Public affairs and programs 1,378,802 1,288,472

Net assets released from restrictions 451,128 343,733

42,570,512 40,411,884

EXPENSES:Research publications 29,506,624 28,043,188

Scientific meetings 3,344,560 3,393,444

Membership operations 3,447,376 3,367,055

Public affairs and programs 3,615,304 3,551,092

Fundraising 360,700 365,245

General and administrative 888,891 903,241

Prizes and related costs 451,128 343,733

41,614,583 39,966,998

Income from operations 955,929 (444,886)

Income from investments 2,083,152 1,531,186

Net unrealized and realized gains on long-term investments 4,807,473 9,780,487

6,890,625 11,311,673

Increase in unrestricted net assets 7,846,554 11,756,559

CHANGES IN TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED NET ASSETS

Contributions 511,448 992,373

Income from investments 441,552 403,063

Net assets released from restrictions (451,128) (343,733)

Increase in temporarily restricted net assets 501,872 1,051,703

CHANGES IN PERMANENTLY RESTRICTED NET ASSETS

Contributions 1,434,150 32,280

Increase in permanently restricted net assets 1,434,150 32,280

Increase in net assets 9,782,576 12,840,542

Net assets at beginning of year 64,812,890 51,972,348

Net assets at end of year $74,595,466 $64,812,890

FINANCIAL OUTLOOK

12

2004 APS CONTRIBUTORS

13

CONTRIBUTIONS AND GIFTS TO THE APS

APS is fortunate to benefit from contributions fromcorporations, governmental agencies, national laboratories,

foundations, and individuals. These gifts help support ourmany education, international, and public affairs programs,and fund new and existing prizes and awards. During 2004,APS members provided a record $290,000 in annual gifts inconjunction with their membership renewal or at year-end.

The 21st Century Campaign, which is providingsubstantial support for select education programs, has nowraised over $1.7 million through its leadership phase. And,our prize and award funds benefited from fundraisinginitiatives supported by hard-working unit volunteers andgenerous donors. In addition, we are grateful for public andprivate sector grants that allow us to conduct signatureprograms such as the Physics Teacher Education Coalition(PhysTEC), which is improving the education of futurephysics and physical science teachers. In the area of plannedgiving, APS established a Bequest Society in 2004 and wasthe beneficiary of a bequest of close to $1.5 million fromM. Hildred Blewett. The funds will be used to establish theM. Hildred Blewett Annual Scholarship for Women inPhysics. The recipients will be women who have had tointerrupt their research activity for a time and who needfinancial help to resume their careers.

We are pleased to provide special recognition to majordonors to the Society in 2004 by including their names inthis Annual Report and on the APS Website. We would alsolike to extend our thanks to past contributors to other majorAPS initiatives.

CORPORATIONSCoherent, Inc.Elsevier Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.General AtomicsGeneral Electric CompanyGE R&D CenterHerbert V. Friedman, IncIBM CorporationKeithley Instruments, Inc.Lucent TechnologiesNEC CorporationSpectra-Physics, Inc.Verizon (formerly GTE)Vernier SoftwareXerox Corporation

GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES & OTHER ORGANIZATIONSAmerican Chemical SocietyAmerican Institute of PhysicsCornell University Laboratory for Elementary Particle PhysicsDefense Advanced Research Projects AgencyDepartment of EnergyFund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education

of the Department of Education

Journal of Computational Physics, Academic Press, an Elsevier CompanyNational Institutes of HealthNational Institute of Standards & TechnologyNational Science FoundationOffice of Naval ResearchOpen Society InstitutePhysics of Fluids, AIPPolymer, ElsevierSolid State Communications, Elsevier Southeastern Universities Research AssociationTRIUMFUNESCO University of IowaUniversity of Notre DameUniversities Research Association

NATIONAL LABORATORIESArgonne National LaboratoryBrookhaven National LaboratoryFermi National Acceleratory LaboratoryLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryLos Alamos National LaboratoryOak Ridge National LaboratoryStanford Linear Accelerator CenterThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility

FOUNDATIONSAbbott Laboratories FundApplied Materials FoundationAlfred P. Sloan FoundationBurroughs Wellcome FundDavid & Lucile Packard FoundationEnergy FoundationGE FoundationGeorge E. Crouch FoundationHeineman FoundationIntel FoundationJulian Schwinger FoundationRichard Lounsbery FoundationJohn D. & Catherine T. MacArthur FoundationThe Noyce FoundationResearch CorporationUniversity of Iowa Foundation

PRIZE, AWARD & OTHER ENDOWMENTSCharlotte AndersonJean Dickey ApkerM. Hildred BlewettRussell & Marian DonnellyBeatrice LilienfeldGeorge E. Valley, Jr.Family and Friends of J.J. SakuraiFamily and Friends of Mitsuyoshi TanakaAPS Units, Family, Friends & Colleagues

2004 INDIVIDUAL DONORS

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Individuals whocontributed $250or moreIncludes gifts to the21st Century Campaign

Anonymous (7) Kazuo AbeAndreas AcrivosStephen AdlerYasuhiro AkutsuRenate AlbatOrlando AlvarezJohn & Elizabeth

ArmstrongGeorge ArnoldDavid AstonGordon AubrechtLawrence BadashDavid BalamuthMichel BarangerJohn BaumKurt BeckerAli BelkacemHerbert BerkR. BerryRobert BirgeneauJoseph & Joan BirmanNicolaas BloembergenMartin BlumeArnold BodmerPeter BrandesJan & Marilyn BreslowGeorge BriggsWilliam BrinkmanSpencer BucknerJohn CaryDavid CasselWolfgang ChristianRobert ChristyEugene ChudnovskyEdward ChuppBunny & Thomas ClarkMarvin CohenRichard ComerBeth CunninghamRichard DiamondAlexander DragtSidney DrellRobert DruetLoyal DurandHelen & Donald EdwardsEstia EichtenMaja-Lisa EngelhardtMark EvansLi-Zhi FangLaurie FatheWilliam FaustAlexander FetterZachary FiskVal FitchPaul FormanJohn FoxJudy & Frank FranzHans FrauenfelderH. Furumoto

Carl GagliardiJuan GallardoJ.D. GarciaShila GargEdward GerjuoyC. Stewart GillmorForrest GilmoreLarry GladneyCharles GlashausserLeonid GlazmanMarvin GoldbergerAlfred GoldhaberMaurice GoldhaberJerry GollubCharles GoodmanKurt GottfriedChristopher GouldZbigniew GrabowskiRoderick GrantThomas GreytakH. GriemRobert GriffithsHermann GrunderFelix GuttmanDavid HafemeisterBahman HafiziDavid HallidayDavid HallowayLuisa HansenJudith HarteBeverly HartlineW. HassingerEastman HatchArthur HebardAlan HeegerErnest HenleyDudley HerschbachDavid HestenesKotaro HirutaPierre HohenbergNatalie A. HolzwarthGary HorowitzTimothy HouckK. HsiehEvelyn HuCharles Hyde-WrightFrancesco IachelloJ. David JacksonMichael JonesChan JoshiE. JossemTetsuo KanekoMarc KastnerSymon KeithRoderich KellerWilliam KellerAnne KernanDaniel KevlesNicola & Elizabeth KhuriJin-Soo KimYoung KimJ. KingL. KisslingerMiles KleinDaniel KleppnerNoemie Koller

Alan KrischKuniharu KuboderaNeal & Joni LaneJames LangerJoel LebowitzLeon LedermanSiu-Au LeeChristoph LeemannD. LehmanAlbert LibchaberDouglas & Wendy

LiebhafskyArnys LillyChun LinAndrei LindeGregory LoewMichael LubellGloria LubkinAkiyasu MakishimaErnest MalamudRobert MaurerLillian & Mark McDermottChristopher McKeeRobert MercerHarold MetcalfIchiro MiyagawaPhilip MorrisonPaul MullerMargaret MurnaneAlbert NarathDorothy & Mark NelkinHerbert NelsonAnthony Nero, Jr.Ida NicolaisenPaul NordinMargaret NorrisJon OpsalDouglas OsheroffStephen PeggsArno PenziasJohn PeoplesWilliam PerryMurray PeshkinValery PokrovskyJack & Ina PolakStephen PordesMiklos PorkolabMorris PripsteinHelen QuinnRobert RaderKrishna RajagopalAino Kann RasmussenEdward RedishJohn ReesHerbert RibnerBurton RichterFritz RohrlichRobert RomerCarl RosenfeldRandal RuchtiRudy RugglesAnthony SandaMatthew SandsMyriam SarachikStephen SchiffBrian Schwartz

Roy SchwittersJames ScofieldAndrew SesslerPaul ShepardBruce SherwoodHoward ShugartTodd SmithLaura SmoliarChas. SommerfieldShirley SteegmullerFredrick SteinJeremiah SullivanLaurance SuterGerrit SutherlandB. SuydamAleksandar SvagerHideaki TakayanagiSmio TaniLee TengDoris TeplitzAlvin TollestrupCharles TownesJoan TreimanGeorge TrillingVirginia TrimbleTimothy TrucanoJames VaryWilliam WallenmeyerJin-Gen WangArthur WinstonWilliam WoottersBruce WorsterEllen YorkeRobert YoungMichael ZismanPaul ZitzewitzMax Zolotorev

Individuals whocontributed $100-$249Includes gifts to the21st Century Campaign

Anonymous (10) Glenn Agnolet Lawrence Akers Carl Albright Moorad Alexanian Gerald Alldredge Raymond Ammar Ansel Anderson Charles Anderson Gordon Anderson Philip Anderson Roger Anderson W. Lester Andrews Konrad Aniol Brian Annis Jeffrey AppelMichael Arenton Joseph Argento Richard Arnowitt Samuel Aronson Kichizo Asai James Asay Joseph Aschner

Alfred Attard Frank Avignone Wesley Ayres Dionys Baeriswyl John E. Baglin Elizabeth Baranger Michel Baranger Alexis Baratoff William & Marge Bardeen Fritz Bark Lynn Barker Peter Barnes Norman Barnett Claire Bauche-Arnoult Laura Bautz Kyle Bayes Bret Beck Kevin Bedell Benjamin Bederson J. Bednorz James Beene Eugene Beier Norman Belecki Paul Bellan Walter Benenson Roger Bengtson Richard Benjamin Stanley Berger Otto Bergmann James Bergquist Herbert Berk Warren Berning Henry Berry Alberto Berzolari Gregory Bilse Richard Bis James Bjorken John Bjorkstam Martin Block Nicolaas Bloembergen Arnold Bloom Henry Blosser Mary Boas David Bodansky Thomas Boggess Henry Bohm Peter Bond Massimo Boninsegni Ian Booth Paolo Bordone Theodore Bowen Walton Boyer Eric Braaten Thomas Braid Alan Brailsford Bruce Brandt Clyde Bratton Charles Brau Alan Breakstone Martin Breidenbach Frank Bridges John Bronzan John Browne Ludwig Bruch Betty Bruhns Hans Henrik Bruun

2004 INDIVIDUAL DONORS

15

Richard Bukrey Gerry Bunce Bruce Bunker Geoffrey Burbidge Pierre Busquet Wit Busza Marvin Cage Julius Cahn John Cameron Charles Campbell Roberto Car Corrado Cardarelli Frederick Carlson Herman Carr Boyd Cary J. Cathcart Carlton Caves Peter Celliers Joseph Cerny Paul Chaikin Sudip Chakravarty Colston Chandler Premala Chandra Antony Chang Lay Nam Chang Chellis Chasman Walter Chesnut I-Hung Chiang Shirley Chiang Leo M. Chirovsky Alan Chodos Robert Christy Henry H. Chun Charles & Lauren Church David Church Lewis Claiborne David Clark John Clark W. Clark Helmut Claus A. Clogston James Cohen Morrel Cohen Lamar Coleman Sidney Coleman Lee Collins Jack Colwell John Connell Esther Conwell Benjamin Cooper Donald Correll George Coulter Ernest Courant Robert Cousins James Cox Floriana Craciun David Crandall H. Crane Patrick Crane Bernd Crasemann Kenneth Crebbin Michael Creutz Louis Creveling Roger Crouch Jack Crow Herman Cummins

Donald Curran Bruno Cvikl Peter Cziffra Timothy Darling Anne Davenport Cary Davids Jay Davis L. Davis Milford (Bill) Davis Richard Davis William Davis Senarath De Alwis Francois De Bergevin Daniel Decker James Degnan Jacques Denavit Yaroslav Derbenev Paul Geza DeVegvar William Dibble Louis Dick Duane Dicus Robert Diebold Michael Dine David DiVincenzo Roger Dixon John Domingo William Donaldson Gary Doolen Janis Dote William Dove Alex Dragt Gordon W. Drake Lawrence Dries Adam Drobot Donald Dubois Robert DuBois Bernard Duchemin Charles Dunn Thomas Dunning Elizabeth Dussan John Eades Philippe Eberhard Pedro Echenique Thomas Eck Stanley Ecklund Lewis Edelheit Donald Edwards Helen Edwards Vernon Ehlers Theodore Einstein Robert Elgin Celia Elliott Stephen Ellis Marion Ellzey Guy Emery Charles Enz Dennis Erickson Glen Erickson Kazuyuki Etoh Harold Eubank Robert Euwema Mark Evans Edward Eyler James Fahs Henry Fairbank Joel Fajans

Chang-Yun Fan L. Farrow James Faulkner Patrick Ferguson Stephen Ferguson Thomas Ferguson John Ferron Steve Fetter Aurino Ribeiro FilhoEdward Finn Alexander Firestone Billy Fisher William Fogle Jerry Forbes E. Fortson W. Fowler John Fox Eduardo Fradkin Frank Franz Judy Franz William Frazer Stuart Freedman Daniel Friedman Joshua Frieman Lothar Fritsche J. Fritz Robert Frosch James Fry David Fryberger Glenn Frye Hiizu Fujita Chris Fujiyoshi Wendy Fuller-Mora Robert Furber Mary Gaillard John Galayda Edward Gardner Richard Garner A. Garren A. Garrison R. Garstang Samuel Gasster Donald Geesaman Peter Gehring Milton Genser Nicholas Gentile Bernd Gerlach Bruce Gibbard Lawrence Gibbons Hyatt Gibbs George Gidal Sarah Gilbert P. Gillette Ronald Gilman George Ginther Charles Glashausser George Glass Mark Glauser James Glazier Sharon Glendinning Henry Glyde Claire Gmachl Allen Goldman Judith Goldstein Jeffrey Goldstone E. Goldwasser

Roland Good Wilfred Good Michael Goodman Bernard Gottschalk Harvey Gould R. Graham Mark Gray Laura Greene R. Greene Robert Gribble Donald Griffin Marcos Grimsditch T. Griswold Lisbeth Gronlund Donald Groom Timothy Groves Lester Guttman Kan Hachiya Willy Haeberli Roger Hagengruber Richard Haglund Sharon Hagopian Vasken Hagopian Robert Haight Frederick D. Haldane Maclin Hall David Halliday Bertrand Halperin J. Hamilton Marianne Hamm Robert Hamm Michael Hanfland P. Hansen J. Hansteen Gerald Harp Frederick Harris L. Harris Michael Harrison W Harrison J. Harte Terry Harter Beverly Hartline Thomas Harwood Masayuki Hasegawa J. Hastings Charles Hawkins Shun-ichiro Hayakawa Andrew Hazi Steve Heald Arthur Hebard L. Hebel Warren Heckrotte Leon Heller Philip Hemmig Girardeau Henderson Walter Henning Steve Herb Conyers Herring William Herrmannsfeldt Daryl Hess Takekoshi Hidekuni Kouichi Higashi John Hiller J. Hillier I. Hisatsune David Hobill

Art Hobson M. Hockaday Allan Hoffman John Hoffman Jonathan Hoffman Gary Hogan Pierre Hohenberg Carlos Hojvat Wayne Holman Richard Holmes Stephen Holmes Roy Holt Rush Holt Tsuyoshi Horiguchi Kazuhiko Horioka D. Hotz Timothy Houck Jack Houston Klaus Huber Stephen Hudgens Bruce Hudson Manuel Huerta Thomas Hughes Richard Hundley James Hurt Hiroshi Ichise David Ignat Kenji Iijima Maren Imhoff Gerhard Ingold Shuichi Irumata Leslie Isaacs Shigeru Isagawa Ralph Isler Wayne Itano Masao Iwamatsu H. Jackson I. Jacobs William Jacobs Sylvie Jacquemot Robert Jaffe David James Eric Jeckelmann Samson Jenekhe Duane Johnson Philip Johnson Thomas Jones G. Joyce Richard Joyce F. Kaempffer Peter Kahn S. Kainer Scott Kajihara Yujiro Kakudo George Kalbfleisch Malvin Kalos Hiroshi Kamimura Hiroshi Kamiyama John Kane Kyungsik Kang L. Kao Tomokazu Kato Tom Katsoules Richard Kautz Lewis Keller Henry Kelly

2004 INDIVIDUAL DONORS

16

James Kelly Kirby Kemper J. Kendall Charles Kennel William Kerr N. Khuri Dae Kim Yong Kim Yong-Ki Kim E. Kinderman Charles King Thomas King T. Kinoshita Steven Kirch O. Kistner John Klepeis Edward Kline James Knauer Hans Koelsch Stanley Kohn Noemie Koller Michael Kompitsas Rikio Konno Victor Korenman James Kouvel Witold Kozanecki Kenneth Krane Plamen Krastev Morris Krauss James Krebs Jerome Krebs Franz Krejs Herbert Kroemer Moyses Kuchnir William Kumai Kitazaki Kuniaki Wulf Kunkel Richard Lacey Walter Lamb P. Lambropoulos Gerard Lander Stephen Langer Rudolf Larsen James Larson Barbara Lasinski Thomas Lasinski R. Lawrence Norman Lazar Donald Lazarus David Lee Tong-Nyong Lee Tsung-Shung Lee Anthony Leggett Roy Leigh Cecil Leith David W.G. Leith E. Lemar Robert Lempert Frieder Lenz Anthony Leonard G. Lepage Arnold Levine David Liberman Zvie Liberman Hans Liepmann Peter Limon

Jauyn Lin Li-Jen Lin Erick Lindman Karen Lingel Richard Linnell Ming-Kung Liou Keh-Fei Liu Lynda LoDestro Stewart Loken Gabrielle Long Frances Lopata James Louck Robert Lourie Derek Lowenstein John Lowenstein Tom Lubensky Michael Lubin Peter Lucas Harry Lustig Vera Luth John Luthe David Lynch Douglas MacLaughlin William Magee Charles Maguire Stanley Mandelstam Harry Mann Joseph Mantil M. Brian Maple Dillon Mapother John Marburger Giorgio Margaritondo Eugene Margerum Hans Mark Jeffrey Marque Alan Marshall Thomas Marshall Paul Martin Richard Martin Ernest Martinelli Kuniaki Masai Peter Mason Yoshika Masuda Sadahiko Matsuyama Daniel Mattis Michael May Frederick Mayer Dan McCammon Kathryn McCarthy Kevin McCarty Donald McClure Steven McCready Chas. McCutchen Frank McDonald Robert McFarland Ronald McFee Malcolm McGeoch Thomas & Valerie McIlrath Douglas McKay Chris McKee Robert McKibben Hugh McManus Wayne McQuerry D. McWhan James Meadows Thomas Mehlhorn

Forrest Meiere Gregory Meisner Wilson Melendez Walter Mellen Sydney Meshkov Fred Meyer Horst Meyer Jerry Meyer Peter Meyers Gabriele Migliorini Archie Miller Karnig Mikaelian Richard Milburn D. Millener Dan Miller G. Miller Philip Miller John Milton John Miskel William Mitchel John Mitchell George Mitev Nikolai Mitskievich Kozo Miyake Kenneth Moffeit David Moir Erik Mollo-Christensen Ernest Moniz Stephen Montgomery C. Moore F. Mooring Sundaram Moorthy Charles Morehouse Larry Morford Shigeki Mori John Morris David Morrow Steven Moss Toshio Motoba Joseph Moyzis Ales Mracek Alfred Msezane George Mueller Joe Mullins Nobuyuki Murai Masanori Murakami Cherry Murray Mark Nagumo Takeo Nakano Yasuyuki Nakayama Hisao Nakkagawa Sumita Nandi Yoshimasa Narahara Shoichi Nasu A. Nathan Joseph Natowitz Bogdan Nedelkoff Michael Nemesure Anthony Nero David Newell Riley Newman Won-Keng Ng Yee Ng Alexander Ni Paul Nielsen Philip Nielsen

Hiroaki Nishimura Eric Norman Felix Obenshain Thomas O’Halloran Hisao Ohtsubo Hidetoshi Okada Koji Okano Antonio Olinto Robert Olness Stephen Olsen Tore Olsen William Oosterhuis A. Opp Grant O’Rielly Satoshi Ozaki Francois Padovani Alan Palevsky Robert Palmer W.K. Panofsky Joel Park Robert Park Eugene Parker Frederick Parker George Parzen Popat-Lal Patel Jogesh Pati Peter Paul L. Pearlstein Roberto Peccei Mark Pederson Jen-Chieh Peng Daniel Peplinski Francis Perkins Roger Perkins Arnold Perlmutter Michael Peskin Harry Peters Wesley Petersen Warner Peticolas Wayne Pfeiffer Ronald Phaneuf David Phillips Julia Phillips Thomas Phillips Jorge Piekarewicz Steven Pieper Jose Piffaretti James Pilcher James Pintar David Piston Rainer Pitthan Kevin Pitts Joseph Polchinski Ray Pollock Way-Faung Pong John Porter Donivan Porterfield A. Poskanzer Richard Post John Poucher Richard Prepost John Preskill Lawrence Price Richard Price John Prineas Michael Prior

Philip Pritchett Derek Pursey Kedar Pyatt Chris Quigg Brian Quinn Frederick Raab David Rahm Waldo Rall Enrique Rame Simon Ramo Norman Ramsey P. Rao Richard Rauch Robert Rediker Robert Redwine Kent Reed John Rees Leonard Reiffel Victor Reinhardt William Reinhardt Howard Reiss Leslie Reith Ronald Rendell Mary Reno Glenn Reynolds Peter Reynolds Won-Kyu Rhim James Rhyne James Rice Hugh Richards Robert Richardson Edward Richley Matthew Richter Steven Riedhauser Daniel Riley Barrett Ripin A. Rivolo Pat Roach Joyce Roberts Randy Roberts R.G. Robertson Lawrence Robins D. Robinson Philip Roos Kenneth Rose Peter Rose S. Rosen Bruce Rosenblum Art Rosenfeld Anatol Roshko Jonathan Rosner David Ross Norman Rostoker Nicholas Rott J. Rowe John Rowe Lawrence Rubin Morton Rubin Robert Rubin Warren Ruderman Clifford Rudy Anne Rumfelt Viraht Sahni Mituo Saito Teijiro Saito Mitsuo Sakai

2004 INDIVIDUAL DONORST. Michael Sanders Richard Sands Alberto F. Santoro Michael Santos Alvin Saperstein Kenneth Saunders Etsuro Sawaguchi David Saxon Franklin Sazama Douglas Scalapino Richard Scalettar Matthias Scheffler Heidi Schellman Albert Schindler Dietrich Schinzel Roland Schmitt Marilyn Schneider Klaus Schroder John Schroeder Jonas Schultz Michael Schulz Manuel Schwartz Melvin Schwartz James Schwarzmeier Hugh Scott David Seiler Wolf Seka Joseph Serene Robert Shafer Stephen Shafroth Lu Sham Stephen Shapiro Stephen Shenker Rubby Sherr Hiroshi Shibata Takaomi Shigehara Koichi Shimoda Gen Shirane Michael Shlesinger Yoshihiko Shono Edward Siciliano Manfred Sigrist Charles Sinclair Pekka Sinervo Andris Skuja William Slater

Mark Slaughter Charles Slichter Donald Smith Farren Smith Felix Smith Harold Smith John Smith Steven Smith Wesley Smith Winthrop Smith Elias Snitzer Paul So Keith Solberg George Soli Constantinos Soukoulis Glenn Sowell D. Speck Joel Spira Stephen St. John Frieda Stahl Anthony Starace Stephen Steadman Ronald Stearns Philip Stehle Robert Stehman Richard Steiner Edward Stephenson Gerard Stephenson George Sterman Gordon Stewart Melbourne Stewart Mark Stiles Robert Stirton Michael Stitelman James Stith Ian Stockdale Truman Storvick Edward Strait James Strait J. Streetman R. Strombotne Mark Strovink Robert Sugar Harry Suhl Robert Suter Richard Sutherland

Paul Sutton Kazunari Suzuki Shiro Suzuki Jean Swank Paul Swartz Harry Swinney Abraham Szoke G. Taggart Shuuji Takagi Haruhiko Takase Kunihide Tanaka David Tanner Gerald Tape Theodore Tarbell John Tataronis Hiroshi Tatewaki Haskell Taub Lee Teng Vigdor Teplitz Jerry Tersoff Stephen Tether Peter Thieberger Jean Thiery Bruce Thomas Joseph Thomas Lawrence Thomas Arthur Thompson John Thompson D. Thouless Alan Todd Carl Tomizuka Yoji Totsuka Stanley Tozer Michael Trinkala Edward Tryon James C. Tsang Manyee Betty Tsang Frank Turkot William Turner Henry Tye James Tyler Sergio Ulloa Sukekatsu Ushioda Arkady Vainshtein Roger Van Heyningen David Vanderbilt

James Vary John Venables Peter L Ventzek Harold Vinegar Silvia Volker Tycho Von Rosenvinge Richard Wachnik Douglas Wake Walter Wales Robert Walker Duane Wallace Thomas Walnut Kevin Walter Patrick Warren Isidore Warshawsky William Warters Takeshi Watanabe James Watson Robert Watt Terence Watts David Webb Richard Webb Alfons Weber Monroe Wechsler Xiangdong Wei Steven Weinberg Michael T. Weinert Robert Weinstock Leonard Weisberg George Weiss Max Weiss Paul Weisz Hanno Weitering Harold Weitzner Jasper Welch H. Weldon David Wensky Frank Werner Russell West Alan Wetmore Robert Wheeler Herman White Mark Wiedenbeck Herman Wieder Carl Wieman Howard Wieman

Daniel Willard Erich Willen Gary Williams Herman Winick Dan Winske Wesley Winter Robert Wiringa Stanley Wojcicki Stephen Wolbers Albert Wolf Lincoln Wolfenstein Henry Wong Louvan Wood Michael Wortis Gordon Wozniak Byron Wright David Wright Ralph Wuerker N. Wyeth Youwen Xu Kyuya Yakushi Tung-Mow Yan Kiyoshi Yatsu Yung-Tsai Yen Sigfrid Yngvesson James York Koji Yoshimitsu Shozo Yoshizumi Donald Young Kenneth Young Linda Young Dave Youngblood Hyuk Yu Mori Yuzo Herbert Zeiger Vladimir Zelevinsky Michael Zeller Bing Zhou George Zimmerman William Zimmermann Paul Zitzewitz Bruno Zumino

Photography acknowledgements Covers —See Physical Review Focus (PRF), at http://focus.aps.org/ for a complete “Image Index.”Large images: Hollow-core optical fiber filled with hydrogen gas; F. Benabid, University of Bath (also p.3); appeared in PRF, September 19, 2004, recolorizedhere. Small images (from left to right)—First, the micro-dent of a diamond pressed into a gold sample; CMS Instruments, Inc; appeared in PRF, July 9, 2003.Second, collimating light through surface modes (also p.7), Estaban Moreno/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, appeared in PRF, March 19, 2004. Fourth, acomputer model of an electron wave packet; C.R. Stroud, Jr.; University of Rochester; appeared in PRF, April 7, 2004. Lastly, an infared image of a dust cloudin outerspace (also p.8); G. Melnick, NASA/JPL-Caltech, courtesy of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.Textpages —P.3: Speaker and group, courtesy of Bernard Khoury, AAPT. P.5: Solar power panels, courtesy of the Department of Energy. P.7: Argonne NationalLaboratory introduces high school girls to the world of science, courtesy of the National Science Foundation. Remainder: APS archives, gettyimages.com, orphotos.com.