ecor U. 5. DEPARTMENT OF

HEALTH. EDUCATION. ANO WELFARE

Dr. Rubin to Give The Dyer Lecture Here on April 29

Dr. Harl")' Rubin, Profesi;or of Virology at the Berkeley campus of the Uni\"(•rsity of California will delh-cr the thirteenth R. E. Oyer Lecture in the Clinical Center

Dr. Rubin

auditorium Wednesday, April 29, at 8:15 p.m.

Given each year by a scientist se­lected for outstand­ing contributions to knowledge in the field of medical and biological research, the lecture honors Dr. Rolla E. Dyer,

a former Director of NIH and cur­rently a member of the faculty of Emory University.

Dr. Rubin's lecture, entitled "The Malignant Transformation of Cells by Cancer," is <the first Dyer Lecture to explore the relationship between viruses and cancer. Such a relationship ha.s been under ques­tion in recent years and is cur­rently the subject of intensive in­vesvigations.

Dr. Rubin and his co-workers in t he Virus Laboratory at Berkeley

(Sec DYER LECTIJRE. Page$)

April 21, l 96~ Vol. XVI, No. 8

Dental Room Is Designed for Patient's Comfort, Assurance

PATIENT"S EYE VIEW from the dentist's choir. In the new uperimentol dental room he re, the dentist's fearsome instruments (right) ore out of sight behind the patient, who sees only the dentist ond hii assistant with o minimum al innocuous equipment Ocft).-Photos by Jerry Hecht.

By Julian Morris NIH Information Trainee

Comfort of both patient and dentist is an important feature of the experimental dental operating room installed in the Clinical Center ~ecently. The room has been designed with equipment that allows the dentist and his assistant to operate in a seated position while the patient relaxes in a 1eclining chair.

This arrangement will enable the staff to treat more patients in a day and to complete more proce­dures per visit [or each patient because of more efficient perform­ance.

All instruments in the new rooni

NIH Ham Radio Club Assists PHS by Alaska Communication Following Quake

are locatrd behind the patient's chair an<l are within arm's reach. Dr. J ames 0. Jllythe, Chief of lhc Clinical Center Dental Department, explains that "the maze of instru­ments, deviC<'s, belts, and tubes that dangle be for<' tho al ready ap­pt·ehensive patient tends to bewil­der him mot--e." It is therefore con­sidered advantageous to place these instt"Uments behind the patient and out of his view.

The value of the NIH Radio Amateur Club as a means of commu!1i­cation in an emergency or nat ural disaster was demonstrated following the devastating earthquake centered in the area around Anchorage, Alaska, on Good Friday, March 27.

The abruptness of the disaster resulted in a complete tie-up of all regular communication channels and circuits to Alaska. The Public Health Service was unable to make contact with its liospital in An­chorage or any of the three native hospitals it supervises in Alaska.

The Division of Indian Health, Bureau of Medical Services, called Richard L. Seggel, NIB Executive Oflioer, about noontime on Satur­day, March 28. Mr . Seggel then phoned George P. Morse, Chief of the P lant Safety Branch.

PHS urgently needed to know

(1) the extent of any damage to the hospitals, (2) whether any in­juries had been suffered by PHS hospital personnel, and (3) wheth­er emergency supplies and equip­ment were necessary.

Although it was a non-working day, Mr. Morse was able to alert club officers, Nate Coffey and Dr. Jack Dalton, and Dr. Kar l FraHk, a club member.

By 2 :30 that afternoon monitor­ing operations here were underway. Within hours the club succeeded in contacting an Alaskan station and

(SC<J ALASKA, Page~)

Equipment Described The Clinical Center's now equip­

ment is particularly effective for work in restorative dentistry. The pa.tient's chair reclines to a near horizontal position to allqw the dentist and his assistant better ac­cess to the mouth and may holp to put the patient more at ease.

Dr. Blythe points out that. the design of any dental office should be dictated by the type of dental practice, the condition of patienb, and the number of patients to le treated.

A school clinic, for instance, may be designed differently from a hos­pital clinic. Similarly, the room of an oral surgeon would be entirnly

(See DENTAL.ROOM. °Page 7)

NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH

PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE

10 of NIH Staff Receive Awards From DHEW

Ten NIH staff members were among 30 Public Health Service winners of meritorious service a"·ai·ds at the 13th Annual DREW Honor Awai-d.5 Ceremony April 10. The awards were presented by An­thony J . Celebrezze, Secretary of the Dep.il'tmt:mt of Health, Educa­tion, and Welfare, at a ceremony in lhe De1X1rtment auditorium.

Charle~ V. Kidd, Ph.D., N IH As­sociale Director for lnternationa! Acth·itie, and Cruef of the Office of International Research, received

Dr. Endicott Dr. Kidd

the Department's highest civilian honor, the Distinguished Service Awnrd, "in recognition of outstand­ing Federal service, distinguished schola11ship, and major contribu­tions to the development of policies und prog-nims of the National In-

fContittucd 01, l'au~ tl)

If You Miss May S Record You're Off Its Mailing List Indiv,idua ls or organizations

on the ma.iling list of t he NIH Rec01·d arc hereby notified t hat if bhey do not receive the next (May 6) issue it is because they failed to return the que1·y postcard sent to them la.st foll, asking whether t,hey wished to continue receiving this bi­weekly J>e1·iodicaJ.

lf those who do not receive the May 5 issue \\rish to be re• stored to the mailing list, they should promptly make this re­quest in w1-iting, with coTrect name and address, t o: NIH Record Rm. 4B13, Bldg. 31 National Institutes of Health Bethesda, 11d. 20014

Page 2 April 21, 1964 THE NIH RECORD

ecord P ublis hed bi-weekly at Bethesda, Md., by the Press Activities Section, Office of Research Information, for the information of employees of the National Institutes of H ealth, principal research center of the Public Health Service, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

NIH Record Office ........ --················Bldg. 31, Rm. 1B13. Phone: 49-62125

Editor ........... ....... .......................... ........................................ E. Kenneth Stabler Assistont Editor .................................................................... George J. Mannina

Stoff Correspondents

Junith Van Deusen, NCI; Tony Anastasi, NHI; Bry~on Fleer, NIAID; Mary Anne Gates, NIAMD; Bob Callahan, NIDR; Bill Kleven,_ NIMH; Frances Dearman NINDB; Elsie FalU"enthold, CC; Faye Heil, DBS; Mike Canning, NiGMS; Helen Neal, DRFR; Dick Turlington, DRG; Bob Walters, DRS; John Proctor, OAM; Dan Rogers, NICHD.

The NIH Record reserves the right to make corrections, changes or deletions in submitted copy in conformity with the J>olicy of the pa11cr and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

NEWS from PERSONNEL

QUALITY lNCR~~ASES

The Fcdel'al Salary Reform Act of 1062 contained a provision au­thorizing Heads of Departments to recogni~e by an increase in salary those ci..1,ssified employees who con­sistently perform at a level which substantially exceeds normal re­quirements.

Under guidelines established by the Department and the Office vf the Surgeon General, NIH has s;,t forth a policy which provides for implementation of this provisw1, in line with the NIH administia­tive gcai of recognizing and re­warding superior employee pe1-formance. This policy initiates at th() N[H the use of "Quality In­creases."

Equivolent to Ste p Increase A Quality Increase is, in effoct,

a step ·,ncrease. It is awarded to classifhid employees who have dem­onstratP.<l consistently s uperior ·work pGl formance over a sustained period of time. It is in addition to a regul,u step increase and does not interrupt the waiting period begun at the time the last regular step increase was granted.

The adoption of the Quality Ii.­crease program provides an addi­tional means by which manage­ment can recognize superior ~m­ployee performance and permits a further refinement of salary based on the competence with which in­dividual assignments are per­formed

We don't fully realize the hard­ships of the pioneers until we re­member that they plodded west­ward day after day, month after month-into the setting sun . . . without sunglas.ses.-Hot Shoppes Table Talk.

Daylight Time Due Sunday; Timepieces Advance 1 Hour

~'ext Sunday at 2 a.m. most of the country, including the Washington Metropolitan Ai·ea, will go on Daylight Saving Time. Personnel at·e reminded to set their clocks ahead one hour to compensate for the time change.

NIB employees working the toul' of' duty extending from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. will work one hour less that day a.s a result of the change and should be charged one hour's annual leave. With the change back to Easte111 Standard Time in the fall, . employees working this tour will be compensated for one hou1·'s overtime.

ALASKA (Continued f rom Page 1)

establishing- that two of the native hospitals were not located in the stricken area, that damage had been lighter than expected, and that no casualties were 1·eported among PHS hospital personnel.

By 8: 30 that evening sufficient reassuring information had bee11 obtai11ed and relayed to P H S to permit discontinuance of monitor­ing operations.

However, Dr. Frank, continuing the vigil at his home Easter Sun­day, established direct contact witn Elmendorf Air Force Base which relayed a message from the PHS in Anchorage confirming previous information, and advising that El­mendorf and Fort Rich were pro­viding necessary supplies and equipment.

The club is justly proud of a Jetter of thanks from Dr. Leo J . Gehrig-, Chief of BMS, acknowledg­ing its "timely assistance" ru,d commending its "emergency com­munications group in providing a

Pauline Utz, Gray lady for 25 Years, 'Wouldn't Miss Friday for Anything!'

'' I wouldn't miss F riday for anything]" That's how Mrs. Pauline Utz, a member of the Red Cross Gray Service team, feels about the day she spends each week at the Clinical Center.

Mrs. Uiz is marking her 26th year as an American Red Cross volun­teer, and 10 of the 25 have be~n devoted to Clinical Center patients.

Arts and crafts is Mrs. Utz's specialty. Through the Rehabilita­tion Department's Occupational Tht!rapy Service, she is assigned to the Clinical Center nursing units where she works with patients who must remain in their rooms or within the unit.

Often she will teach patients how to weave on portable hand looms that she brings to t he bed­side. Sometimes she brings mate­rials and helps the patients make jcweh-y, leather items, tile mosaics, and other craft projects.

Mrs. Utz likes to come on Fri­days so she can make sure the pa­tients have enough materials tu work with over the weekend.

"I started as a Red Cross volu11-teer in 1939," she ret:atls, "at th,~ old Naval H ospital downtown." When the Bethesda Naval Hospi·

" tal opened in 1941 she transferred there.

Trains With ARC Dm·ing- the war, in addition to

the two days she worked at the Naval Hospital, Mrs. Utz trained with the arts and crafts corps of the Red Cross at Walter Reed Army Hospital two days a wee.c. When Suburbru, Hospital started its volunteer corps after the war, Mrs. Utz and several others we11t there to help trnin a uew group of Gray Ladies.

"We did the same when the Clin­ical Center was ready to start its volunteer program in 19G3," she explai1,ed.

As a matter of fact, Mrs. Ut:t. helped to train the Center's first volunteer class, and it was she who set up the large looms that arc still in the occupational therapy section today.

"I liked it here so much then,·• she says, that " I've stayed eve,· since."

Mrs. Utz began vohmteer work

communications link relative to the Alaska earthquake ... "

"The prnmptness with which the NIH center was activated early Saturday afternoon, March 28," Dr. Gehrig said, "and the coopera­tive spirit of the entire communi­cations group in transmitting in­formation to our staff was greatly appreciated by this Bureau and its Division of Indian Health."

Speaking for the NIH Di1•ector, Mr . Seggel has expressed to each of the pa1-ticipants the appreciation of NIH for their "skill and dedica­tion i11 effectively carrying out an important PH S assignment."­George Mannina,

Mrs. Utz, who hos six looms of her own ot home, prepares this portable loom for use ot o potient's bedside. Note rug in foreground.-Photo by Som Si lverman.

while a student at Oberlin College and continued at Ohio State uni­versity wi1ern she trained for medi­cal social work. During the sum• mers she served as a volunte1;r craft counselor a t settlement house camps in Cleveland. Because sh~ maniPd svon after graduai;on, raisiJ1g her two children took th<:! place of a career.

Mrs. l1t.1 continued with craft work, ho,.,·ever, and it is now her hobby in addition to being her Gray Sfrvice specialty at the Clin­ical CJnter. Working with her own six looms at home, as well as with jewelry ,rnJ leather, occupies mucl: of her !'JJare time, She has ente1·ed several c:-afi shows and frequently exhibits her work at local stores. But nothing short of illness keeps her fron, her Fridays at NIH.

"You irn0w," she reflects, "they had to remind me I've been a Gray Lady for 25 years. It doesn't seem that long because it's what I like to do."

Lab Refresher Courses Given by CDC, Atlanta

Laboratory Refresher Training Co=es will be· given ,by the Labo­ratory Branch <>f the Communicable Diseasli Center, Atlanta, Ga., dur­ing the 9-month period from Sep­tember 14, 1964 to June 18, 1965.

Information and application forms may be obtained from the Laboratory Branch, Communicable Disease Center.; :Atla,nta, Ga. 30333

THE NIH RECORD

Proposed Law Provides More of Moving Costs

The Civil Service Commission has sent Congress a legislative pro­posal that would authorize F•ederal agencies to pay more of the mov• ing costs of employees who are re­located for the convenience of the government.

The proposal seeks to amend the Administrative Expenses Act of 1946 under which moving expenses of many non-Foreign Service e1n­ployees have been paid for the past 18 years.

It would authorize agencies to increase the weight limit of trans­ported household goods to l 1,000 pounds, up some 60 percent from the present 7,000-pound limit, a1~d liberalize travel expenses of the employee's immediate family.

Under current law, the govern­ment does not pay food and lodging costs of the employee's family en route to the new duty post.

Subsistence Expenses

Another provision would allow agencies to pay subsistence ex­penses of the employee and his im­mediate fami ly for up to 30 dalS whi le they occupy temrJorary lodg ­ing, such as a motel.

The government does not now reimburse an employee for the c:x­tra living expenses incurred i:>e• tween his arrival at the duty post and the time of moving into per:,,a­nent quarters.

Still another feature would au­thorize reimbursement for storai;e of household goods up to three years of employees who move to isolated duty stations within t.i1e United States (excluding Alask>l and Hawaii) where there is no residential housing.

Out-of-pocket costs incu ned by an employee in moving in the gov­ernment interest has averaged about $560. Some 35,000 employees are relocated each year.

DYER LECTURE (Co·n.t-inued from Page 1)

are credited with notable advances in understanding the transmission of known animal cancer viruses and their mode of action within the liv­ing cell.

Recently he and hls associates discovered that Rous sarcoma virus, the most virulent of the tumor viruses, needs a. "helper vh-us" to create new infectious viruses in­side the cell.

Before joining ,the University of California faculty at Berkeley in 1958, Dr. Rubin served with the Public Health Service in Montgom­ery, Ala.

Since receiving the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree from Cornell University in 1947, he has held fellowships wtith the National Foundation, the American Cancer Society, and Califotinia Institute of

April 21, 1964

Unit Is Quietly Effective in Controlling Rodents, Insects

Thermal fog machine heats and atomizes insecticide for use in open space:. The fog, which spre ads and penetrate s to all areas of a raom, is a quick way to t reat a large a rea for cockroaches and flies. It is not used in offices, in laboratories, or whe re people ore working.-Photos by Som Silverman,

By Bob Walters Fugitive mice and hungry cocki·oaches ai-e the numbe1· one problemh

confronting the lnsect and Rodent Control Unit of the Division of Re­search Services.

Although the only time most people at NI H are aware of insect and rodent control is when they smell i1,secticide, this unit operates with

Richard Boettcher, Head of the Insect and Rodent Control Unit, inspects part of his collection of insects.

Technology, In 1959 the American Association

for the Advancement of Science awarded him the Amie Frankel­Rosenthal Cancer Research Award for his work concerning the rela­tionship between tumor viruses and animal cells.

Other awards with which Dr. Rubin has been honored include the 1961 Eli Lilly Award in Bacteriol­ogy •and Immunology, administered by the American Society for )licro­biology, and the 1964 Merck Re­seru:ch Award for developing a practical assay for detecting chicken leukerrria vi.ruses, thus aid­ing in the development of a safe measles vaccine,

quiet effectiveness around the clock in the Clinical Center, throughout other NIH buildings, on th" grou:ids of the reservation, and at the Animal Center.

The animal rooms scattered throug hout the reservation are a source of fugitive rodents, as weJI as the main attraction to roaches. Hen, there is usually plenty of food, plus r,ooks and crannies for hiding ::>.'1cl Lreeding. Also, careless eaters i,1 uffices and laboratories ~ft~n !Pave tidbits from lunches and s11acks that may attract 1·oaches.

l'rocedure Explained Fortu:r.atdy, there is an eradica

~ion and eontrol program t o keep the insects and rodents with111 bouncli;, Besides a routine progran,, r.his unit aiso welcomes complaints.

\Vhen a complaint is received, ~ check ig made the same day to veri ­fy it, and t reatment of the offend­ing ar(:ll. b usually begun immedi­ately. Treatment is continued on a trouble-shooting basis until th" problem has been eliminated Ol'

brought under control. Tht: rodent problem arises from

within and outside the buildings. [nsi<le the buildings escaping mice. ,·ats, and hamsters present the big­!~est problem. Some of these ro­dents carry mfectious organisms and, if they get to other rodent col­onies, may 111in someone's research. A big help in controlling these ro­dents, besides poison bait, is the

(See RODENTS, Pou• 'I')

Page 3

NYU Is Awarded Grant For Biological Study of Psychotic Disorders

A $555,670 grant has been awarded by the National TnSlbitute of Mental Health to the New York University :Medical Center for es­tablishment of a olinical research center for biological i'!tudies of psy­chotic disorders, to be located in the Psychiatric Division of Bellevue Ho:;,pital Center in New York City.

The grant, for the first year of a r>roposed 7-year period, will be un­der the direction of Dr. S. Bernard Wortis, Professor and Chairman of the Department of Psychiatl'y and Neurology, NYU.

Ei>ta.bl ishment of a clinical re­search center will make available a group of patients foi· study unde1· controlled environmental conditions.

The patients will be character· ized behaviorally and will be stud­ied by an interdisciplinary team in order to detei·mine possible tela­tionshi1>s among metabolic, physio­logical and behavioral factors.

Intensive Study Planned

The Medical Center will pursue a broad, intensive study of schizo­phrenia, Pa.st r esearch efforts have revealed the presence of some un­usual metabolic substances in .schiz­ophrenic patients.

Alterations have been observe('\ in the amounts of norepinephl'ine and epinephrine produced in certain types of psychiatric patients.

Further work in the .area of metabolic disorders will include at­tempts to isolate, identify and syn· the;;ize abnormal metabolites. The environment of the metabolic ward will be carefully controlled for the evaluation or the possible roles of these metabolic phenomena in men­tal i1llness.

In addition the clinical research center prog1·am will include basic biochemical studies of neu1·oho1·­mones, investigations into genetic and electrophysiological factors in distnrbed emotional states, and in­tensive studies of th~ effects of pharmacological agents on mental illness.

House Group Approves $1.06 Billion for NIH

As this issue of the Record went to press, the H ouse had begur. floor consideration of the Fiscal 1965 DHEW appropr iation bi.II, in­cluding funds for NIH.

The measure, as l'eported by the House Appropriations Committee, allocates $1,060,209,000 for NIH, a net reduction of $4.25 million from the revised Administration request of $1,064,459,000.

Overall, the bill provides a total of $6.3 billion for DREW, of which $1.6 biliion is for the Publ ic Health Senice. F unds for NIH are part of the PHS appropriation.

Page 4

Dr. Reye, Authority on Tropical Diseases, Dies April 8 in Panama

Dr. Henry K. Beye, 52, of the Public Health Service, died of a heart attack April 8 in Panama, where he had been Direeto1· of the ]\,Liddle America Reseal'Ch Unit ( M AR U ) since 1961.

An authority on t1'0pical diseases, Dr. Beye had only recently returned to Panama from B o 1 i vi a , where M AR U scientists are conducting in­tensive studies on B o 1 iv i an hem- Or. Beye orrhagic fever.

MARU, a center for research on arthropod-borne viruses, is spon­sored ,by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and Walter Reed A1·my Institute of Research.

Re ports on Studies

During a brief viisi,t to NIH last Oc-tober, Dr. Beye repo11;ed on the MARU studties of Bolivian hemor­rhagic fe\rer, expressing high hopes that an immunizing agent may be produced.

A native of Phoenix, Al'iz., Dr. Beye received his medical deg1·ee from the University of Southern California in 1948. For some years before that he was a biostatistician and public health official in Califor­nia. Following his internship, he became a faculty member of the UCLA School of Medicine as well as field dh·ector of the Pacific Tropical Disease Foundation.

From 1952 to 1954 Dr. Beye served a.s a consultant to the Phil­ippine Government on problems of rw·al health and tropical diseases. In 1957 he was invJted by the U.S. Technical Mission and the Govern­ment of India to conduct a survey on filaria:.is and sch.isto:;omiasd.s in that COW1try. For his contributions to the project, Dr. Beye received oommenclations from the Malaria Ins.titute of India.

Other Countries Visited

Dr. Beye was a consultant in Thailand for both the United States and the World Health Organiza­tion. In 1959 he was a consult:ant for the Pan Amel'ican Health Or­ganiz,ation to BniitL'lh Guinea, whe-re he outlined a program for control of fi.la1fasis.

In 1954 Dr. Beye joined the Na­tional Institute of Allergy and In­fectious Diseases to conduct clinical research on parasitic diseases. His s.tudies of returning State Depart­ment personnel infected with En­tamoeba histolytics contributed to a new concept of therapeutic man­agement of such cases.

Jn othe-r studies, Dr. Beye and

April 21, 1964

Scientists Find Enzyme Defect Causes Homocystinuria, Rare Childhood Disease

Public Health Service scientists at the National Institutes of Health have fow1d that an enzyme defect causes homocyst inuria, a newly dis­covered, hereclitary, and as yet apparently rare childhood disease marked by mental retardation and dislocation of the eye lenses.

The investigators have demonstrated that the absence or lack of activ­ity of a specific enzymye, cystathio-nine synthetase, is the basic defect in this disease. onstrating the enzyme defect.

Without this catalytic agent the Sensitive methods were devel-body is unable to convert a nat- oped to measure the activity of the urally occurring amino acid (build­ing block for proteins), methio­nine, to another important amino acid, cysteine.

Implicit in the new discovery is the possibility of preventive or curative treatment for this serious disorder, and the scientists are seeking additional patients in or­der to test this possibility.

Homocystinm;a was first de­scribed as an "inborn error of me­tabolism" less than two years ago by physicians in England and in Wisconsin. These investigators had observed elevated levels of homo­cysteine (an intennediate product in the conversion of methionine to cysteine) in the blood and urine of homocystinuric patients.

Theory R-e jecte d At the same time they noted in­

creased levels of methionine in the blood. Although their observations suggested that cystathionine syn­thetase might be implicated in tht development of the disease, the sciCJ1tists tended to reject this theory.

Recently, Dr. S. Harvey Mudd of the National Institute of Men­tal Health and Drs. James D. Fin• kelstein, Filadelfo Irreverre, and Leonard Laster of the National Institute of Arthritis and Meta­bolic Diseases, succeeded in dem-

his associates developed a new clinical technique for administering anthelmintics. They also defined precisely the characteristics of sim­ian malaria, infectiion in man.

Dr. Beye was a lecturer cin tropi­cal medicine at Goorge Washington University, bhe U.S. Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, and the Army Medical School, WRAlR. He had served on ,the WHO Expert Com­mittee on Parasitic Diseases since 1951.

Among the ,scientific societies to which Dr. Beye belonged are the Ame:itican Society of Tropical Dis­eases, American Public Health As­sociation, American Medical Asso­ciation, Phiti,pp.ine Public Health Association, New York Academy of Sciences, and the India Society of Malal'io1ogy.

Dr. Beye is survived by his wife, Lola. Funeral services were held at F ort Amador Chapel, Panama Canal Zone, Saturday, April 11. In­terment was to :be in Arlington Na­tional Cemetery.

suspect enzyme and of another en­zyme which also plays a role in methionine conversion. Th<'se measurements were applied to liver specimens obtained from five con­trol subjects, including two you11g girls, and an 8-year-old female homocystinuric patient.

En:oymes Found Active Both enzymes were found to be

active in the livers of all the con­trol subjects tested. In marked con­trast, however, there was no de­tectable cystathionine synthetase activity in the liver of the homo­cystinuric patient. This confirmed the deficiency or absence of this enzyme.

Because this enzyme is missing, a child born with homocystinuria may suffer from a cysteine defi­ciency just after birth, a time in life when the body's need for this amino acid is particularly high.

The need for cysteine may be partly satisfied in a normal infant by the conversion of dietary methi­onine to cysteine, but the enzyme deficiency of the homocystinuric infant may well deny him the bene­fits of this metabolic pathway and result in cysteine deficiency.

Such a deficiency may be accen­tuated if the infant is fed cow's milk which, in contrast to human milk, is relatively poor in cysteine. This has led the scientists to sug­gest that early supplementation of the diet with cysteine may prevent irreversible damage.

Is Present in Brain Furthermore, cystathionine, an­

other intermediate compound in the conversion of methionine to cys­teine, is reportedly present in large q uantities in the normal humau brain, where it possibly serves some useful function in addition to giving rise to cysteine.

In t he afflicted child, however, due to the enzyme defect, cyst.a-­thionine is not produced. If this substance does serve some useful function in the brai11, then dietary cystathionine supp 1 e me11tation might also be helpful in homocys­tinuria.

Whether the abnormal accumu­lation of methionine, homocysteinc, or one of their breakdown products contributes to the clinical disturb­ance is not yet know11. If this should prove to be the case, then dietary restriction of methionine might also be helpful in treatment.

THE NIH RECORD

Mid-Eastern Section of Nuclear Medicine Society Elects Briner President

\-Viiiiam H. Briner, Chief of the Clinical Center Pharmacy Depart­ment's Radiopharmaceutical Serv­ice and Assistant Chief of the De­partment, was eleeted President of the Society of Nuclear Medicine Mid-Eastern Chapter at the an­nual business meeting of the so­ciety in Baltimore March 12.

Objectives of the society are to prvmote the discussion and com­munication of knowledge of nu­clear phenomena as it applies, or is likely to apply, to the better un­dP.rstanding and control of disease and to stimulate and disseminate research advance6 in the biological and medical applications of nuclear energy.

The society is composed of 13 regi,mal chapters throughout the country. Its members include phy­sicians, dentists, physicists, chem­ists, and other scientists having interest and competence in the ap­plications of radioactivity. The Mid-Eastern Chapter includes Southeastern Pennsylvania, Dela­ware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Co­lumbia.

Mr. Briner, who came to N IH in

Mr. Brine r in his office in the Clino• col Center.-Photo by Bob Pumphrey.

1954, is a commissioned officer (Senior Pharmacist) of the Public Health Service. He is the authvr of numerous technical articles in his field and contributed a chapter on radiopharmaceuticals for a text­book published recently by the J. B. Lippincott Company.

Mr. Briner is also active in a number of other professional cr­ganiwtions, including the Associa­tion of Military Surgeons of the united States, American Associa­tion for the Advancement of Sci­ence, American Pharmaeeuti::a.l Association, American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Maryland Association of Hospital Pharma­cists, and the Baltimore-Washing­ton Chapter of the Health Physics Society.

THE NIH RECORD

Dr. lynch Urges Employees To Take Oral Polio Vaccine

Dr. John M. Lynch, Chief of the Clinical Center's Employee Healbh Service Branch, adv:ise3 all NIH employees to p,ru,tici­taite in the community oral polio vaccine program which began SWlday.

He urg~ employees to take the oral polio vaccine regard­less of prev.ious immunizations, and to watch the newspapers for dates and locations of feed­ing sites.

There will be no large scale immWlization program at NIH, D1·. Lynch said, adding, "Any oral vaccine given here in the future will be limited to new employees only and for occu­pational exposure."

Pamphlet Gives Methods To Document Procedure For Outpatient Depts.

A 51-page publication which pre­sents a method for documenting medical servfoes and administrative procedures in outpatient depart­ments of hospitals and 'other medi­cal organizations, was published re­cently by -the Public Health Service.

The publication-"Hospital Out­patient Services: Guide to Su1-ve-y­ing Clinic Procedures"-represents a met.hodological product from a research project sponsored by the Division of Hospital and Medical Facili,ties.

lt is the second in a series on the general subject of outpatient de­partments to be issued by the Divi­s.ion, which administers the Hill­Burton Hospital Construction pro­g ram.

Survey Form Designed The survey method was designed

and prepared in this form as the result of a study carried out ini­tially at ithe Beth Israel Hospital in Boston, Wlder ,a PHS research grant.

Additional testing and generaliz­ing of the survey procedures were carried out in Pittsburgh by the Program in Medical and Hospital Adminis,tration of the Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh.

A free single copy of the docu­ment (PHS Publicwtion No. 9-30-C-4) may be obtained from the Publiic Health Service, U .S. Depart­ment of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, D.C. 20201. It is available for purchase at 40 cents a copy from the Superinirend­ent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washiington, D.C. 20402.

The years are beginning to add up if it takes you longer to rest than it did to get tired.-Wash­ington Post.

April 21, 19114

PHS Contracts for Studies to Prevent, Control Hemorrhage in Acute Leukemia

The Public Health Service 1-ecently awarded four contraets totaling $300,000 for coordinated "pilot" studies of blood platelet replacement therapy to prevent and control hemon·hage in acute leukemia. Blood platelet is an important factor in blood coagulation.

New Ways of Handling Platelets Lengthen Time Of Leukemia Survival

Of the estimat ed 17,000 new cases of leukemia that will be di­agnosed this year, a little more than 2,000 will occur in chi ldren under age 15.

Half of them will survive more than a year from the time iheir disease is discov,ered. J ust 15 years ago, the median survival was only two or three months. The improve­ment is due largely to the introduc­tion of drugs that tempora1·ily sup­press the disease.

One of the major problems in ca'l"ing for acut.e leukemia patients is that they are w1Usually prune to infection and hemorrhage, either of which may bring on a serious crisis and cause death before drugs have had time to take effect.

A deficiency of platelets, of which there are an average of 250,· 000 in a cubic millimeter, or about one drop, of normal blood, is one of the most common causes c,f hemorrhage in leukemia patients.

Vital to Clotting As their name suggests, platelets

are tiny disks, and they play a vital role in the process by which blood clots.

That transfusions of fresh plate­lets are effective in preventing and controlling hemorrhage has been known for mo~ than 50 years, but the lack of met hods of preserving them necessitates their use within four to six houss after they are obtained from a donor.

In addition, it has been difficult to obtain enough platelets to pre­vent hemorrhage. As a 1·esuit, pla telet replacement is not in the category of routine procedures, as are transfusions of whole blood and plasma.

However, techniques and simple apparatus have been developed that permit the return of red cells to donors after removal of the plate­lets, which allows donors to give platelets far more often than they can donate whole blood.

In addition, it has been found that pooled platelets from numer­ous donors produced t he desired re­sults without provoking side re­actions.

Lost little boy to policeman : " I can't remember my address, but my area code is 914."-Sauers in the Saturday Evening Post.

The awards were made to the American lled Cross in Washing­ton, D. C., Child1·en's Cancer nc­search Foundation in Boston, Chil­ct1,en's Hospital of Pruladelphia, and Chil<J;·en's Hospital of L•)s Aniseles.

The Natwnal Canoer Institute will administer the contracts t.hrough its Acute Leukemia Tasl: Force which includes representa­tives of more than a dozen institu­tions artive in leukemia research.

Scientists in these institutio1:s are wod:ing together to extend die gains made in recent years in the treatment of acute leukemia, par­ticularly ia childnm, and to make the benefits of research availaule to as n-a ;,y leukemia patients as possiblE:.

Hemorrhage is one of the most serious problems in the manage­ment of hJukemia, PHS explained. It is caused by a deficiency of blood platelets, which enable blood tr, clot.

Is Forward Step

The work to be done under the contrac1, 1 represents a step toward solving the problems that now rule out wi11es1iread use of platelet re­placement.

Immediate objectives are to de­fine Lhe conditions under which platel~ts ought to be given and w1c results tc be expected, and to wo1·k out ways of collecting and supi,ly­i ng largo_. amounts of platelets 011 a regular basis.

The cPntract with the Childrcn·s Cancer '1esearch FoWldation, head­ed by Iir. Sidney Farber, is in the amount oi $120,000 and that with the Childnm's Hospital of Phi!a­delphfa, where Dr. Isaac Djera~si will di1·c-et the work, $63,000.

Drs. Farber and Djerassi were p ioneers in platelet replacement therapy and have been utilizing the technique on a modest scale for some time.

Hospital Hos Contract The Children's Hospital of L1s

Angeles. where Dr. Denman Ham­mond will direct the research, has a con tract of $50,000.

The Hed Ci·oss, for which Dr. James H. Pert directs the work, has an agreement totaling $68,000 for collecting fresh platelets to be used in treating patients a t the Nationa, Cancer Institute and for research on processing of plat.clets.

A fifth member of t he Acute Leukemia Task Force, the M. D. Ander,-nn Hospital in H ouswn, Tex., is a lso investigating the use of platelets concurrent ly with other research supported in part by NCI grants. The work tnere is directe<l by Dr. B . Grant Taylor.

Page 5

Herbert Nichols Named NHI Assistant Chief Of Public Information

Dr. Ralph E. Knutti, Director of the National Hea1t Institute, has announced the appointment of Herbert B. Nichols as the Inst.i­tute's Assistant Chief for Public

I nformation and Assistant Chief of its Heart Informa­tion Center.

Mr. Nichols, pre­viously Informa­tion Officer of the Division of Re­search Faeilities and Resom·ces, will

. be responsible in Mr. N,chols his new position

for press, radio, TV, fi lm, and pub­lications activities.

Expe rience Cited

From 1949 until 1962, when he came to NIH, Mr. Nichols was In­formation Officer of the U. S. Geo­logical Survey. For one year, 1954-55, he aided in establishment of a public relations unit f01· General Electric Research Laboratory in Schenectady, N. Y.

Mr . Nichols has been a science writer since he began free-lancing during his undergraduate days at Harvard Un.iversity. F or 18 years he was Natural Science Editor of the Ch.ristian Science Monitor.

A native of South Norwalk, Conn., he attended Suffield Acad­emy and in 1932 received his B.S. degree in biology from Harvard.

In 1956-57, as a lieutenant col­onel, USAR, he was an observer for Adm. Richard E. Byrd during the Weddell Sea E:>qiedition, and in 1959-60, joined the Belling­hausen-Amundsen Sea Expedition as official observer for the Secre­tary of the Anny.

Former NASW President A member and former President

of the National Association of Sci­ence Writers, Mr. Nichols is also on the Cou.n.cil of the American As­socia tion for the Advancement of Science. He is a member of the Geological Society of W ashington, the E xplorers Club of New York, bhe Bond Astrono1nical Club at Harvard Observatory, and the Vermont Rotanical Club. In 1946 he was co-winner of the George Westinghouse Award of the AAAS for "distinguished service t-0 sci­ence in the field of journalism."

Mr . Nichols was invited to deliver t he S ir Hubert Wilkins Memorial Lecture a.t the Explorers Club in New York on April 19.

"My wife backed the car out of the garage for me this morning. The only problem is that I had backed it into the ga rage t he night before!"- Table TaJk.

Page 6

Malayan Research Team Names Malaria Parasite In Honor of Dr. Young

A Malayan reseal'ch team, sup­ported in part by a grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Jnfectirus Diseases, has named :.. newly isolated malaria parasite, Pias1nvdimn youngi, in honor of Dr. Martin D. Young, who re­cently retired from the Public Health ~ervice.

At the time of his retirement, Dr. Young was NIAID's Associat,e Director for Extramural Programs.

The new species of parasite, dis­covered in a young gibbon in the Malayan State of Kelantan in May 1962, wag described in a paper ap­pearini; in the March 1964 issue of the American Journal of Tropical Medici11e and Hygiene.

Authors Listed

The authors of the paper are the late Dr. Don E . Eyles, Drs. Y::ip Loy Fong, F. L. Dunn, E. Guinn, McWibon Warren, and A. A. San­dosham.

Beforn his death in the fall of 1963, Dr. Eyles headed the Far East Research Project of the Lab­oratory of Parasite Chemotherapy, NIAID, stationed at Kuala Lum­pur, Malaya.

Both Drs. Guinn and Warren are on the staff of the Far E ast Research Project.

Drs. Fong and Sandosham a,·e members of the Institute for Medi­cal Research at Kuala Lumpur , and Dr. Dunn is associated with a University of California ProJect therE:.

Dr. Braunwald Delivers Haile Selassie Lecture

Dr. Eugene Braunwald, Chief of the Cardiology Dra.nch, National Heart Institute, was scheduled to deliver the ·annual Haile Selassie Lecture yesterday before the Royal Society of Medicine, London, Eng­land.

The lecture was endowed several yea.rs ago by the Emperor of Ethi­opia, and ,the lecturer is chosen by the Aoadellliic Board of the National Heart Hospital of London.

Dr. Braunwald is the first Ameri­can to be honored with th.is lecture­ship. His subject was "The Control of Venti,icular Function in Man."

In December 1963, Dr. Braun­wald delivered the E astman Me­morial Lecture at ,the University of Rochester and in J anuary 1964 he was selected to be the ,annual J ame.s Bryan Herrick lecturer by the Chi­cago Heart Association.

One woman to another: " I won't go into all the details; in fact, I've already told you more about it than I heard myself."-Reader's Digest from The Progressive F armer.

April 21, 1964

10 From NIH Receive DHEW Awards (Continued from Pane 1)

stitutes of Healbh." Kenneth M. Endicott, M.D., Di­

rector of the National Cance1· Insti­tute, received the Distinguished Service Medal, the highest honor awarded by the Department to a member of the PHS Commissioned

Mr. Miller Mr. Hornback

Corps, "for his outstanding and dis­tin,guished leadership in medical re­search administration and national cancer re:;ea1,ch programs."

Seven fr,om NIH received the DHEW Superior Service Award. They are:

Harry L. Hornback, Head of the Program Analysis Section, Office of International Research, "for his major contribu.tion to the mission of the Publ-ic Health Service, through his pioneering efforts in analyzing the field of international biomedioal research."

Charles Miller, Chief of the Man-

Dr. Nirenberg Dr. Rose nberg

agement Policy Branch, Office of Administrative Management , "for his notable contributions rto man­agement improvement of th e Na­tional Institutes of Health."

Marshal l W. Nirenberg, Ph.D., Chief of the Section of Biochemical Genetics, Laboratory of Cl inical Biochemistry, National Heart Insti­tute, "for the first experimental verification of the 'Chemical basis of the Genetic Code."

Herbe1t H. Rosenberg, Ph.D., Chief of the Resources Analysis Branch, Office of Program Plan­ning, "in recognition of consistently superior service and specifically for fundamental work in the measure­ment and anal},sis of the national resources of funds, manpower, and facilities devoted to medical re­search."

Frederkk L. Stone, Ph.D., Chief of the Division of Research Facili­ties ,and Resources, whose citation read, "As Division Chief, he has creartlively led in the evolution of policy Mid the implementation of a

new concept of institutional re­search resources."

George Z. Williams, .M.D., Chief of the Clinical Pathology Depa1t­ment of ,the Clinical Center, "for his outstanding leadership in the progressive development of auto­mation methods in Olinical Pathol­ogy."

C. Gordon Zubrod, M.D., Director of I.nt11amU1-al Research, the Na­tional Cancer Institute, "for his continui'llg contributions to cancer chemotherapy, research p1·ogram administratiO'Il, and drug metabo­lism research."

A tenth NIH employee, Robert C. Scheno of the Laboratory of Blood and Blood Products, Division of Biologics Standards, shared a unit citaition with ,two members of the Food and Drug Admini.<.tmtion

Dr. Stone Dr. Williams

"for making scientific appraisal of Krebiozen effect on cancel' possible by obtaining essential facts despite obs~ructions am! hostility."

Another NIH employee, Dr . Charles H. McKown, Jr., a membe1: of the Diagnostic X-Ray Depart­ment of the Clinical Centel'. since J anua1·y 13 of ·bhis year, shal·ed in a mmt citation for work done prior to tmnsferring to NIH.

Previous.ly a member of the Na­tional Clearing House for Poison Contl·ol, Poison Control Branch. Division of Accident Prevention, Bureau of State Services, he was

Dr. Zubrod Mr. Scheno

one of 11 cited for "superior serv­ice in improving the diagnosis, treatment, and control of accidental poisoning for ,the prevention of in­jury and death."

T\vo from NIH were among 30 DHEW employees receiving 40-year service .awards. They are Henry Backenheimer of the Finan­cial Mainagement Branch, Office of the Director, and Roy R. Reed of the Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Artihritis and Metabolic Diseases.

THE NIB RECORD

Baylor Awarded Grant For General Clinical Research Center

A grant fol' $770,606 for th e es­tablishment of a general clinical research center u.nder Baylor Uni­versity College of Medicine at Texas Medical Center, Houston, has been announced by Surgeon General Luther L. Terry of the Public Health Service.

This brings to 72 the total num­ber of such centers administered by the NIH Division of Research Facilities and Resources.

Three of these, at the Texas Medical Center, are under Baylor University. The first, awarded in 1963, authorized a 6-bed general clinical research center for chronic illness to be located at the Texa.s I nstitute for Rehabil itation and Re­search (TTRR).

An affiliate of Baylor, TIRR is a 55~bed hospital located directly behind the medical school. It ac­cepts patients of all ages with se­vere clinical problems calling for extensive rehabilitation.

2nd Award in Jonuary

The second award to Baylor, granted last January, was for a 6-bed children's general clinical re­search center, to be a separate unit within Texas Children's Hospital. This hospital, associated with St. Luke's and Methodist Hospitals, is a part of the extensive Baylor pedi­atric program, which provides great diversity and a la1·ge volume of clinical patients.

The latest grant will extend a 6-bed ongoing cardiovascular clinical r esearch center at Methodist Hos­pital supported by the National Heart Institute, into a 12-bed gen­eral clinical research center.

Half of the beds will continue to be supported by the National Heart lnstitu~ with research scientists and surgeons exploring new fron­tiers of heart and blood vessel sur­gery and organ transplantation, working toward an artificial re­placement for the human heart.

Principal investigator will be Dr. Stanley W. Olson, Dean of the Baylor College of Medicine.

Frank B. Rogers, M.D., well known t o NIH •as the former Direc­tor of the National Library of Medicine, no"· a faculty member at the University of Colorado Medical Center, was one of those who re­ceived a Superior Service Award. The citation read, "For his out­standing excellence and leadership in the esta.blishmen,t of the Na­tional Library of Medicine as the most complete compendium and source of readily accessible medi­cail information in the world."

Under SecretaTy Ivan A. Nesti­gen presided at ithe ce.1·emony. Mu­sic was by the orchestra of the U.S. Marine Band.

THE NIH RECORD

RODENTS (Continued from P4ge J)

common, house-variety mousetrap, At various times of the year,

field t'Odents make an attack on the NIH buildings-doubtless haY­ing heard of the easy life inside. These a11imals are usually taken care of by poison-bait stations scat­tered around outside the buildings.

The bait is cheese, except when peanut butter is used as the alter­nate. Recently the Insect and Ro­dent Control Unit has been evalu­ating a paraffin-imbedded poison for outside use. They found that this bait is just as attractive to the rodents but does not deteriorate under moist conditions and so is particularly effective in outdoor poiscm-bait stations. Anticoagulant baits are the mainstay in the ro­dent control program, providing a wide margin of safety in case of accidental human ingestion.

Th.; main activity of the insect contf,:I program is cockroach pois­oning. This may be by spraying,

Pest controller spraying residual in­sectic id£ a long baseboards and into crocks and crevices as part of regu lar pest control program. This residi.al spray is re newed every 6 -8 weeks.­Photo by Sam Silverman.

fog-ging, misting, painting, or in­jecting with air compressor equip­ment. Whatever the method used, the one chosen is considered to be the most effective for the area in­volved.

11or example, paintbrush appli­cations are made along the base­boan:!s of animal rooms. F ogging, with a noisy, thei-mal fog genera­tor, is used to treat areas difficult to reach by some of the other hand methods.

In charge of the Insect and Ro­dent Control Unit is R ichard Bot)ttcher, an entomologist who be­gan his insect-chasing career in t.'1e Plant Quarantine Division, USDA, inspecting the baggage of irat e trave:ers for contraband plants prohibited from U. S. importation, He obtained an M.S. in entomology from the University of Maryland in 1966.

One of Mr. Boettcher's ongoing projects is the assembly and main­tenance of a reference and teach­ing collection of local insects of

April 21, 1964

The dental room and its e quipme nt ore so designed that the pat ient can re lax in o reclining position, while the dentist and his assista nt work from com­fortable positions in swivel choirs.-Photo by Jerry Hecht.

Entries for NIH Art Exhibit Must Be Submitted May l

All NIH pe~sonnel and their immediate families interested in entering the 6th Annual NIH ATt Exhibit must submit entries on Friday, May 1, be­tween 5 and 6 p.m., in the 14th floor solarium in the Clinical Ceruter. The entrance fee is $1 per entry.

Judges for this year's ex­hibi't are Jose Bermudez, noted sculptor and Head of Graphic Arts, Pan American Union; Al­bm,t J. Cru,ter, Curator of Art, Howard Uru\"ersity; and G. D. O'Connell, Assistant P:t,ofessor of Art, University of Mary­land.

The exhibit will be displayed in the Clinical Center lobby, May 10 tiirough June 5.

significance to the NIH program. He now has collected and identified a 111ajo1 ity of the insects of public health significance at NIH and a good many of those found at the Animal Center.

Because of the limitations im­posed by such areas as nursing units, animal rooms, insectaTics, and food preparat ion areas, a bal­ance must be reached between pes­ticida 1 effctiveness and mammalian non-toxicity.

Approved Pesticides Used Only those pesticides registerecl

with the U . S. Department of A 6-riculture and fully approved for indoor pest control are used. Even then a conservative program is strictiy followed, w:ith field tests and toxicity tests of pesticides b'cl­fore they are approved for routiN N lH use.

Because of cockroach resistancl' to insecticides, the insecticides cm­ployeJ have to be periodically eval­uated for their effectiveness on the local roach population.

For example, chlordane produced extremely good results from 1954 to 1957, until roach resistance de­veloped to a point t hat made this insecticide ineffective. Now the main insecticide used in the Clini-

DENTAL ROOM (Contfmied from Page 1)

different from that of an ortho­dontist, prosthodontist, or perio­dontist.

The room at the Clinical Center with iw particular arra ngement of cabinets, chair, instrument unit and other equipment is set up for oper­ative tlentistry and prosthetics to meet the need of a large dental hospita l clinic.

Dental equipment manufacturer~ are now attempting to develop "modular" units that are stand­ardized anJ flexible enough to be adaptable to t he pa1ticular needs of the dental specialist.

Dr. Blythe notes that the Clini­cal Cc,1ter's experimental dental room ,.,i11 be rearranged often, with equi prPent added from time to time to incorµorate new ideas and im­prove eff<'.:tiveness.

Dr. Ferrazzano Named Hospitals Division Chief

Dr. Gabriel P. Ferrazzano has been appointed Chief of the Divi­sion of Hospitals in t he Public Health Service, effect ive J uly 1. He is currently head of the Divi­sion of Health Mobilization. Dr. F errazzano succeeds Dr. Myron D. Miller who will become Medical Offic,er in Charge of the P H S He,s­pital, San F rancisco, Calif .

cal Center is refined ma lathion. Diaziuon, korlan, and malathion are being rotated in other bujJd­ings.

Next to cockroaches, the mo~t frequently encountered insects at NIH are flies, gnats, ants, wasp~, and boxelder bugs. Less frequently encountered are fleas, carpet bee­tles, grain moths, mites, ticks, and carpenter bees.

At the Animal Center horse flies, stable flies, and mosquitoes are problems that are not usually encountered here on the 1·eserva­tion. But regardless of t he insect, they a ll require some degree of in­dividual attention to elimin a te.

Page 7

Clinical Research Center Administrators Meet on Problems and Programs

l\lore than 100 directors, assist­ant directors, and hospital admin­is:tra,tors repTesenting 72 general clinical r esea,rch centers met at the National Institutes of Health April 2 and 3 to discuss amniirustrative problems and scientific programs.

Supported 1by the division of Re­search Facilities and Resources, the centers are si,tuated in institutions in 80 states, the District of Colum­bia, and Puerto R ico.

Outlining 1the progress of the clinical research centers' program, Dr. Frederick L. Stone, Chief of DRF R, said the sharp g rowth curve representing the establishment of 72 general clinical research centers in less than four years would now level off as t he program went into a period •of steady, general growth.

During the nex;t few yea1'S, he pointed out, the Congr ess will be interested in the capabilities dis­played by the center ,staffs and the hos,t institutions. Because Congress must assess the value of the cen­ters nationally, it is u pon that as­sessment the future of ,the program will depend.

Program Hos Impact

Dr. George Harrell, Dean of the College of Medicine, Un iversity of Florida, told the audience that the general olirucal research centeJ.:s program has had a strong impact on medical education, especially in making faculty and students ap­proach patient care from the re­search point of view with its em­phasis on critical evaluaition of data collected on patients. Every teaching hospital of the future, said Dr. Harrell, should incorporate into its design a gene1,al clinical research center.

Major problems discussed by the participants were the proposed new policy for payment of hospital service charges in support of re­search conducted in the centers, ethical considerations ,in COlllduclli ng research on human patients, t·e­cruitment of clinical research nurses, communications a,mong the disciplines using the centers, safety measures in hazardous areas of clinical research, and r elationships between center directo1·s and hos­pital administrators.

Research highlights presented by staff scientists of 1the centers indi­cated the wide scope of their scien­tific investigation, including ge­netics, cancer chemotherapy, sui-­ger y, studies on the effects of starvation on man, muscu.lar dis­orders, metabolic studies, and rheumatoid arthl"itis.

Dr. Stephen F redd, Scientific Ad­ministmtor, General CUnical Re­search Cente11s Branch, DRFR, chafred the 2-day meeting .

Page 8

Kieley Will Help Select Ford-Future Scientists Of America Winners

James F . Kieley, Chief of the Re­search Information Branch, Na­tional Cancer Institute, has been asked by the National Science Teachers Association to pa1·tici1:;ate as a member of the National Judg­ing Committee in selecting winners of the 1963-64 Ford-Future Scien­tists of America Awards Program.

i\Ir. Kieley will assis t in review­ing 240 reports selected by 12 re­gional judgjng committee3 from ap­proximately 10,000 entries. Twenty of the authors on 11th and 12th grade levels will receive national recognition and a college as.sistance scholai•ship.

Progrom Encourages Students The program attempts to illus­

trate t o students the true nature of scientific enterprise by encour­aging them .to engage in scientific e.x,perimentartion, report their re­sults, and submit these reports for po.ssible recognition.

It is open to U.S. £.tudents in grades 7 thrnugh 1,2, with various awaixls based on grade level. The projects are concerned with any branch of science, engineering, or mathematics, but must represent the work of jndividual students 1·ather .than groups.

Dr. Philip, Director of RML, Returns From Conferences Abroad

Dr. Cornelius B. Philip, Director of NIAID's Rocky Mountain Labo­ratory, recently returned to Hamil­ton, Mont., from conferences and consultations in Italy, Egypt, and Hawaii.

Arriving in Rome on February 26, D r. Philip met with Dr. E . Biocca of Rome University and Dr . A. Corradetti of the Institute dj Superiore Sanita to discuss prepa­rations for the upcoming Congress of Paiasitology, which meets in Rome in September. Dr. Biocca is President ancl Dr. Con-adetti is a Vice President of the Congress.

Meets With Novo! Unit In Cairo, Dr. Philip m et with

representatives of the U.S. Naval J\iedjcal Research Unit #3 to dis­cuss a joint PL 480 project.

'fhe study concerns rickettsial diseases in Egypt, particularly those in livestock and ticks. During his week-long stay jn Egypt he met with various officials concerned with public health there.

Dr. Philip's visit to Hawaii was in connection w~th his work with the Smithsonian Institution. He serves as a consultant to the Insti­tution on a study of the biology of sea birds in ,the mid-Paeil\c.

April 21, 1964

REHEARSAL SCENES FROM APRIL MUSICAL

In these rehearsal scenes (left to right) from the R&W Hamsters production of " Flower Drum Song," Robert Kavanaugh <1nd Bess Grobiner ore pictured in the Grant Avenue dance sequence, and Sammy Fong (Onie Grobiner) sings to h is moil order fioncee Mei Li (Janet Sperling) " Don't Morry Me." Tickets ore on ,a le at the R&W office in Building 31 ond ot the film desks in the Clir,icol Ce nter and the Westwood Building. For information about ticket soles in other bu ildings, coll Bess Grobine r, Ext. 63597. Performances, oil in the CC auditorium, ore scheduled for 8:30 p. m. on Thursday, Friday and Saturday, April 30, Moy 1 and 2 , and on Sunday afternoon, Moy 3, ot 3 o'clock. The opening performance, Tuesday evening, April 28, will be for CC patients, who ore requested to obtain their free tickets from the Patient Activities Sec­tion.-Photos by Bob Pumphrey.

Lymphocytes' Suppression Essential to Organ Transplants, Dr. Dougherty Finds

The fighters against organ trans­plants from one person to another are small-even microscopic- but they are efficient. They axe the lymphocytes, better known as white blood cells. They attack foreign in­vade1·s tha,t enter the body, but they don't know the difference be­tween a harmful invader and an in­vader that is there to help.

Until these fig!Jter cells, or lymphocytes, are suppressed, organ transplants can't be successful, ac­cording to Dr. Thomas F. Dough­e1,ty, Head of the Department of Anatomy and Director of the Radi­ationbiology Laboratory at the Unjvergjty of Utah College of Medicine.

NCI Supports Research Dr. Doughe1,ty, whose cun·ent re­

search is supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute, discussed the J>roblem of suppres­sing lymphocytes as well as ways of combating the problems, at the annual meeting of the California Medical As.<,ociation jn Los Angeles, March 24.

One of six guest speakers a t the 3-day scientific meeting, Dr. Dough­erty spoke on "Honnonal Influences on Antibody Synthesis and Allergic Phenomena." He is one of the pio­neers in ,the study of l;,mphocytes and their effect within the body.

He explained that he is studying three way,s in whlch lymphocytes, more famrnar ,as the body's infec­tion fighters, aet ,as a detriment

rather than a benefit to the body. The lymphocytes fight against tis­sue and organ transplants; they cause allergies; and they can ca.use auto-immune diseases in which a person's own cells are attacked by his lymphocytes.

There is a difference, he sajd, between a lymphocyte, or white cell, and an erythrocyte, or red blood cell. He explained that it re­quires the entire lymphocyte cell to manufacture its kind of anti­bodies, and the antibodjes it pro­duces can't be extraoted from the cell as yet. T,he whole living cell is necessary to transfer immunity.

Red Cells Smaller

Red blood cells are much smalle r and are not manufacturecl intra­cellularly. They combat bacteria, and one of the complications .in sup­pressing lymphocyrtes is that the methods commonly used also sup­press the production of erythro­cytes ,and other blood cells. The person is then scusceptible to dis­ease.

The problem, accordi11g to Dr. Dougherty, is to find a break-off point. "We must cut do,vn on cellu­lar antibodies or lymphocytes but leave enough ci1,culating antibodies going around to combat rnsease," he explained. His idea is to do thfa w:i.th selective hormones.

"All the methods used so far to suppress lymphocytes have had a bad effect," he srud. "Radiation and other inhibitors of the synthesis of

THE NIH RECORD

Dr. Wanko, of NINDB, Dies of Heart Attack

Dr. Theodor Wanko, 40, Head of the Electron Microscopy Program of the Ophthalmology Branch, Na­tional Tnstitute of Neurnlogfoal Diseases and Blinclncss, died Ap11il 3 at Suburban Hos­pi,tal following a coronary occlusion.

Dr. Wanko' s pioneering electron microscope studies of eye and nerve tissues have served as guides in other basic physiological a n d pathological I'eseaTch. Dr. Wanko

Especially noteworthy is his elec­tron micrograph o( the crystalline lens. An exhibit on the crystalline lens received honomhle mention at the Scientific Assembly of the D.C. Merlical Society in 1959.

A native of Vienna, Austria, Dr. Wanko first joined the NIH staff as a Visiting Scientist in October 1956. After a brief return to Vienna, he came back with hls fam­ily to accept a permanenit position and applied for U.S. citizenship whlch was granted in 1962.

Dr . Wanko obtained his pre-col­lege training for h1s larter career as research scientist in Vienna. After an interruption for military service he resumed his education, receiving an M.D. degree from the Univer­sity of Vi enna in 1952.

Dr. Wanko is •survived by his wife, Dr. Annemarie Wanko, and a daughter, Martina.

DNA prevent the duplication of lymphocytes, but also they lower the red cell count and ca use anemia."

He said ,that a kind of hormone, corticosteroid, probably would act with more selecbivity. The corticos­terojcls act more efficiently to pre­vent lymphocytes from mulbiplying than they do to inhibit red 'blood cell manu:facture. It is also possible to change the chemical make up of the hormone to make it even more efficient in ,suppressing the lymphocytes. This is the subject of Dr. Dougherty's ,p resent eXl)eni­ments at ,the University of Utah.

Helps Combat Allergies The suppression of lymphocytes

would not only make successful tranpla:nts probable but would also help combat allergies. Diseases causecl by a pers·on',s lymphocytes attacking his own cells have al­ready been arrested by supp1·es.sing the lymphocytes.

Accorrnng to Dr. Dougherty, one of these auto-immune disease-s, lupus erythematosis, was fatal 10 years ago, prior to corticosteroid treatment, but c.an be inactivated today.