Approach Design Definition with Synthesis and Analysis of Alternative Solutions Leading to a...
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![Page 1: Approach Design Definition with Synthesis and Analysis of Alternative Solutions Leading to a Decision.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ae77f8b9ab059979401/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Approach
Design Definition with Synthesis and Analysis of Alternative Solutions Leading to
a Decision
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General Engineering ProcessProblem or Expression of Need
Design Constraints
Evaluation and Synthesis of Alternative Solutions
Analysis (perhaps including experimentation)
Decision (justification of selected solution)
Solution
Adapted from Salt & Rothery, Design for Electrical and Computer Engineers
Elements of Approach
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How Design Approach Relates to Design Description
Elements of Approach
Design Description
Design Tradeoffs
Background & Theory
FunctionalOverview
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Block Heater ExampleGeneral Problem Constraints
• Sometimes automobile block heater power sources are dead (unpowered)
• Sometimes heaters burn out (open)• Heaters use120-Volt Power at 300 to 400
Watts• Want indicator in extension cord to warn
users of potential problems (then could reset breaker or run car during day)
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Block Heater ExampleEngineering Problem
• Design detection device integrated into extension cord
• Detect difference between 0.5 and 3.0 amperes
• Present binary conclusion to user• Consume less than 5W• Integrated manufacturing cost less than $6
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Block Heater ExampleApproach
• Functional Overview– Diagram of System– Broad description of needed functionality
• Background and/or Theory– Types of binary indicators – Implications of including in extension cord
• Possible Designs & Evaluation of Alternatives– Series indicator design– Transformer coupled design– Switch activated design
• Detail Design Description
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Block Heater ExampleFirst Approach, First Attempt
Analysis reveals that LEDs must carry 4 amperes of forward current – not practical due to LED cost
1 ohm
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Block Heater ExampleFirst Approach, Second Attempt
More analysis using flux equation reveals realistic solution
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Block Heater ExampleSecond Approach, First Attempt
Alternate working solution found. Even though it cost less, it is rejected because the switch would have to be depressed (not hands-free operation)
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Evaluation of Alternatives
• Design Constraints are the “yardstick” against which alternatives are evaluated
• Cost and performance usually the main factors• Solution will be “near optimal” (never perfect)• Other issues are reliability, maintainability,
sustainability, manufacturability, time to market, etc.
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Design Methodologies Used in Approach
• Choice of methodology will depend on project specifics
• Objective is to identify the best solution with minimum engineering cost
• Usually involves triangulation to develop confidence in design– Analysis– Simulation– Experimentation
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Summary of Approach Components
1. Functional Overview2. Theory & Background3. Synthesis of Design Options4. Analysis of Options5. Justification of Design Decision6. Detailed Design Description