Applied Nutrition

Andrew Granger

LSU AgCenter

Nutrition Defined

Match requirements to feed Nutrients

Carbohydrate, protein, minerals, vitamins, etc. Requirements

Stage of production, work Feeds

Concentrates, roughages, protein, carbohydrate

Ruminant vs. Nonruminant

Rumen = microbes Starch vs. Cellulose Function Absorption of nutrients

Nutrients

Protein – amino acids Carbohydrate – starch, cellulose Fat – linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic Vitamins – fat soluble, water soluble Minerals – inorganic elements Water

Animal Requirements

Body Weight Growth Lactation Gestation Work Stress

Cold, Heat, Parasites, Disease

Growth

Protein 21% for baby pigs, 18%

40 to 100 lbs, 16% 100 to 200, 14% 200 to 250

Energy 400 lb. heifer – 77% TDN 700 lb. heifer – 77% TDN

Rate of Gain 400 lb bull 1.5lbs/d – 61.5%TDN 2.5lbs/d – 70% TDN

Requirements

500 lb. growing heifer Intake – 12 lbs. Protein – 1.25 lbs. TDN – 8.2 lbs.

1.25/12=10.5%

Intake

Beef Cattle – 2.5% of BW Sheep and Goats – 4% of BW Hogs

40lbs – 2 lbs 100lbs – 4lbs 185lbs – 7lbs

Feeds

Concentrates Grains

Roughages Hay and pasture

Protein Soybean meal, alfalfa

Energy Corn, bermudagrass

Feeds

Corn – 90% TDN, 10% CP

Soybean Meal – 84% TDN, 48% CP

Sorghum – 84% TDN, 10% CP

Bermuda Hay – 52% TDN, 9% CP

Alfalfa Hay – 60% TDN, 20% CP

Feeds

Sweet Feeds Pellets Feed Tags TDN = 81.41 - (0.6 x CF)

Matching = Math

Growing Heifer = 8.2 lbs of TDN Corn = 90% TDN

So 8.2/.9 = 9lbs of corn/day 150 lb pig = 10,000 Kcals/day Corn 1600Kcals/lb

10000/1600 = 6.25lbs of corn/day Pierson's Square

Feeding practices

Consistency Time, quantity and quality

Changes Introduction Magic formulas Water

Problems

Copper Urinary calculi Acidosis Scours

Summary

Nutrition Anatomy Nutrients Requirements Feeds Matching Feeding practices Related problems