Applied linguístics 1
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Transcript of Applied linguístics 1
Applied linguistics:introduction
Facultad de Humanidades
Escuela de Ciencias del LenguajeSeminario de Lingüística Aplicada
Prof. Carlos Mayora
Agosto 2014
introduction
• What is linguistics? What does a linguist do?
• What do you think is applied linguistics? What does an applied linguist do?
DEFINITION
Applied Linguistics
Interdisciplinary Practical
Language-related problems
In most definitions of
You will find these words/terms
DEFINITION
Not theoreticalEmpirical
Usable knowledge
Practical
Real-world
DEFINITION
Social/massCommunication
Language-related problems
Language teaching
Linguistic policySpeech
impairment
DEFINITION
Linguistics
Interdisciplinary
Anthropology
Psychology
Pedagogy
Example
• Curriculum and materials design.
• Resources available, both material and human.
• The linguistic system
• Mental processes involved in learning
Psychology Linguistics
EducationManagement
L2 curriculum design
scope
Real-world language-related problems
• L1 teaching (literacy).• L2 teaching (second and foreign languages).• Language planning and policy.• Language pathology therapy.• Computer-human interactions/automatic
translation.• Forensic linguistics.
Doing applied linguistics
Sources of language-related problems• Migration.• Social inequities.• Speech disorders.• Gender differences.• Economic development.• Globalization/internationalization.• An endless list of social, political and economic
conditions…
Doing applied linguistics
Identify the problem
Ask the right
questions
Measure the
problem
Check sources of information (disciplines).
Answer the questions (propose solution)
Implement the
solution
Assess the results
Example
Country “X” wants to enter the World Trade Organization, but it has a large rate of illiteracy, a fact that may be frown down upon by international organizations. The government of “X” wants an educational program to reduce illiteracy in a short time.
The problem…
Example
1. What percentage of the population is illiterate? What age group?
2. What is reading?3. What is writing?4. What other skills are linked to reading and writing?5. How do adults learn? How does learning in
adulthood differ from learning in childhood?6. What is the deadline?
The right questions…
Example
Measure the problem…
• Collect data about the problem.• Design/Use instruments (surveys,
questionnaires, tests, etc.)• Select a large sample that can be representative.• Get the numbers!
ExampleSources of information…
Learning/teaching Psychology Pedagogy
Reading and writing
Linguistics Psycholinguistics
Population Ethnography Anthropology
Deadline/budget Management Economy
Example
A nation-wide literacy program is designed considering all resources, variables and client needs. It is piloted in a few states and then launched in the whole-country.
The answer…
Example
The literacy program is continuously evaluated through…• Achievement tests.• Surveys of participants’ satisfaction.• Attendance records.• Class observations.Depending on the results, the program is maintained, modified or discarded.
The evaluation…
practice
In small groups of 3 to 4 people, choose one of the problems given and try to apply the process of doing applied linguistics. You will have 1 hour to discuss each of the problem and go through the process. After that, each of your proposals will be discussed as a whole class.
practice
• A Latin-American oil company has signed an agreement with a large British company. Mixed teams will work in several projects but only a few percentage of employees speak English fluently.
• An unknown tribe of aborigines has been “discovered” in South Australia. Linguists have studied their language and come up with a “grammar” of it. The government wants the people of this tribe to be educated and integrated with the rest of the population.
• After a century, an African nation has gained its independence from France. There are about 17 different local languages in the country. Most people speak either his/her native language and French. The new democratic government has to make a decision regarding the official language of the newly-born nation.
• A Korean university wants to project internationally its scientific productivity, but most of its researchers do not speak or write in English.
Model problems
Thanks
Carlos A. Mayora
Junio 2014