APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTALMICROBIOLOGYVOLUME 35 * NUMBER 6 * JUNE 1978

EDITORIAL BOARDMARVIN P. BRYANT, Editor-in-Chief (1981)

University of Illinois, Urbana

R. H. DEIBEL, Editor (1981)University of Wisconsin, MadisonA. L. DEMAIN, Editor (1981)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

MARTIN S. FAVERO, Editor (1980)Centerfor Disease Control, Phoenix, A riz.

JAMES M. TIEDJE, Editor (1979)Michigan State University, East Lansing

Bernard J. Abbott (1980)Martin Alexander (1980)Milton J. Allison (1980)Ronald Atlas (1980)Richard Bartha (1979)Robert T. Belly (1978)Martha D. Berliner (1980)Jerome Birnbaum (1979)Thomas L. Bott (1980)Charles Boylen (1979)Thomas Brock (1980)Lee A. Bulla, Jr. (1980)Lloyd B. Bullerman (1980)Victor Cabelli (1979)Paul E. Came (1979)William R. Chesbro (1979)Tom D. Y. Chin (1980)Alex Ciegler (1980)Rita R. Colwell (1980)Richard A. Consigli (1979)Charles Cooney (1979)Joseph J. Cooney (1980)Jacob A. Donkersloot (1979)Charles L. Duncan (1979)Richard Elander (1979)

Beatrice England (1980)Jerald C. Ensign (1980)Carl B. Fliermans (1978)Heinz G. Floss (1980)Dennis Focht (1979)Edwin E. Geldreich (1979)John M. Goepfert (1979)Richard E. Goldstrand (1979)Reinaldo F. Gomez (1979)Robert D. Hamilton (1979)Richard S. Hanson (1978)Paul A. Hartman (1980)Melvin T. Hatch (1978)Charles W. Hendricks (1980)Robert B. Hespell (1980)Lillian V. Holdeman (1979)David H. Hubbell (1978)John J. landolo (1980)M. B. Ingle (1979)Holger W. Jannasch (1978)Edward Katz (1979)Donald A. Klein (1978)Michael J. Klug (1980)Roger Knowles (1979)Paul Lemke (1979)Carol Litchfield (1980)

Joseph L. Melnick (1980)Thomas L. Miller (1979)Eldor A. Paul (1980)W. J. Payne (1979)C. A. Reddy (1979)Antonio H. Romano (1980)Dwayne Savage (1979)Oldrich K. Sebek (1980)John McN. Sieburth (1978)Anthony J. Sinskey (1979)Peter Skaliy (1978)William H. Sperber (1980)James T. Staley (1980)Mortimer P. Starr (1978)Jon H. Tuttle (1980)Carl Vanderzant (1979)Donald Vesley (1978)Claude Vezina (1979)D. I. C. Wang (1978)William J. Wiebe (1980)Fred D. Williams (1980)R. P. Williams (1978)G. N. Wogan (1980)Alan G. Wolin (1980)Meyer J. Wolin (1979)William Yotis (1979)

Robert A. Day, Managing EditorGisella Pollock, Assistant Managing Editor

Cheryl Cross, Production Editor1913 1 St., N. W, Washington, D.C. 20006

EX OFFICIOA. Frederick Rasmussen, Jr., President (1977--1978)

J. Mehsen Joseph, Secretary

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, a publication of theAmerican Society for Microbiology, 1913 I St., N.W., Washing-ton, D.C. 20006, is devoted to the advancement and dissemina-tion of applied knowledge as well as ecological knowledge, bothapplied and fundamental, concerning microorganisms. Instruc-tions to Authors are published in the January issue each year.Applied and Environmental Microbiology is published monthly,two volumes per year. The nonmember subscription price is $70per year. The member subscription price is $16 per year. Singlecopies are $6.00. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, non-receipt ofjournals, reprints, defective copies, availability of backissues, and lost or late proofs should be directed to the ASMPublications Office, 1913 1 St., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006(area 202-833-9680).

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Author IndexAalto, Mauri, 1233Anas, Per, 1231Ando, A., 995

Baresi, Larry, 1174Bedford, Anne J., 1012BeHamy, A. R., 1012Berg, Rodney D., 1066Beuchat, L. R., 1035Bibel, D. J., 1128, 1136Bjeldanes, L. F., 1150Blankenship, L. C., 1160Boswell, F. C., 1035Bourgeois, C., 1211Bousquet, Ann, 1074Bovallius, Ake, 1231Brooker, B. E., 1166Brown, David F., 1226Bucht, Bengt, 1231

Campbell, N. E. R., 1052Chan, Y. K., 1052Chang, G. W., 1150Cheng, Therese M., 1223Chibata, Ichiro, 1046Crawford, Don L., 1041Cummins, Cecil S., 1102

Dawes, Katherine P., 1206Deibel, R. H., 1193Demain, Arnold L., 1074Dibble, J. T., 1213Duteurtre, B., 1211

Elkan, G. H., 1221Eliott, L. P., 1213

Ferguson, Donald A., Jr., 1102Floyd, Roger, 1079, 1084Furuse, K., 995

Ghosh, Anil C., 1074

Gibbs, P. A., 1216Gold, Michael H., 1223Gross, Cynthia S., 1102

Hackney, Cameron R., 1121Harris, P. J., 1166Hawkins, Sandra M., 1121Heinis, J. J., 1035Henning, Penelope A., 1008Hirashima, A., 995Horvath, E., 1221Houston, M. R., 1213Houwaard, F., 1061Howes, John F., 1074

Izuo, Nobuhiko, 1046

Jeffries, Thomas W., 1228Johnson, Eric A., 1155

Kaplan, Isaac R., 1185Katsuki, M., 995Khan, A. W., 1027Konowalchuk, Jack, 1219Koupal, A., 1193

Latham, M. J., 1166Leach, Kay L., 1228Lewis, Michael J., 1155Lindroth, Seppo, 1003Ling, E. T. M., 1213Lockwood, L. B., 1213Lovell, D. J., 1128,1136Lundgren, Donald, 1198

McMeekin, T. A., 1216Mafart, P., 1211Mah, Robert A., 1174, 1185Mancinelli, Rocco L., 1095Manmade, Awinash, 1074Miller, Lois K., 1206

Moll,M., 1211

Nabe, Koichi, 1046Niskanen, Aimo, 1233

Patterson, J. T., 1216Pettipher, G. L., 1166Phaff, Herman J., 1155

Ray, B., 1121Roffey, Roger, 1231Rosenberg, Bernard, 1116

Sakurai, T., 995Sharp, D. G., 1079,1084Shulls, Wells A., 1095Smiljanic, R. J., 1128, 1136Smith, Michael R., 1174Speirs, Joan I., 1219Spite, George T., 1226

Tano, Tatsuo, 1198Thomson, S. V., 1150Thorne, Curtis B., 1109Tilton, Richard C., 1116Townsend, James M., 1074Trottier, T. M., 1027Twedt, Robert M., 1226

Ujimaru, Toshihiko, 1046

Van Der Walt, A. E., 1008Verhue, Walter M., 1145Villa, Tomas G., 1155von Wright, Atte, 1003

Ward, David M., 1019, 1185Watanabe, I., 995Williams, Gillian, 1012

Yamada, Shigeki, 1046

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AUTHOR INDEX

VOLUME 35

Aalto, Mauri, 1233Abe, Shigeo, 258Abeliovich, Aharon, 32Albright, Lawrence J., 456Alexander, M., 512, 867Alexander, Martin, 718Allen, Stephen D., 762Allison, Milton J., 872Anas, Per, 847, 1231Anderson, A. W., 549Ando, A., 995Andrews, W. H., 89Armstrong, James E., 858Asher, R. A., 648Atlas, Ronald M., 897Ayres, J. C., 911

Bailey, C. A., 698Bailey, C. B. M., 149Bailey, W. J., 51Baker, Katherine H., 791Baldwin, K. A., 592Balsbaugh, R. K., 208Baresi, Larry, 1174Barnes, W. R., 766Barrow, P. A., 582Bartlett, Karen H., 202Basson, Nerine C., 663Bauernfeind, A., 970Beaudreau, G. S., 690Bedford, Anne J., 1012Behrens, J., 986Bellamy, A. R., 1012Bennett, J. W., 980Benoit, R. E., 136Berg, Jan-Olof, 269Berg, Rodney D., 1066Berman, R. G., 84Berry, B. W., 978Beuchat, L. R., 627, 1035Bhothipaksa, K., 800Bibel, D. J., 1128, 1136Bissett, Frank, 750Bjeldanes, L. F., 1150Blackmore, Richard P., 323, 329Blake, I. G., 782Blankenship, L. C., 1160Blecka, John, 219Blumenthal, Harold J., 274Bobbie, Ronald J., 179Bohonos, N., 364Boswell, F. C., 1035Bothast, R. J., 627Bourgeois, C., 1211Bousquet, Ann, 1074Bovallius, Ake, 847; 1231Bowen, William H., 743

Boykin, Elizabeth H., 214Bracke, J. W., 166Breznak, John A., 930Brock, T. D., 344, 353Brock, Thomas, D., 527Brodsky, M. H., 487Brooker, B. E., 156, 582, 1166Brown, D. R., 185Brown, David F., 1226Bubucis, Patricia M., 237Bucht, Bengt, 847, 1231Buck, John D., 237Bulla, Lee A., Jr., 121, 601Bullerman, L. B., 435Burrows, J. R., 970Burt, Sharon, 439Burton, Sheril D., 614Busschaert, Stephen C., 618Busta, F. F., 800

Calder, John A., 858Caldwell, Casey, 113Camp, P. J. M., 17Dampbell, N. E. R., 1052Carey, Anne E., 323, 976Carpenter, David F., 949Casey, R. C., 730Cea, A., 228Chakrabarty, K., 129Chan, Y. K., 1052Chang, G. W., 1150Chang, Shih-Lu, 368Charmella, Leigh J., 171Chen, Ai-Ti, 978Cheng, K.-J., 149Cheng, Therese M., 1223Chi, M. S., 636Chibata, Ichiro, 231, 834, 1046Christiansen, L. N., 59, 863, 886Chung, King-Thom, 558Ciebin, B. W., 487Ciegler, A., 105Colwell, Rita R., 756Conklin, Richard H., 360Cornell, John H., 945, 949Costerton, J. W., 149Crawford, Don L., 1041Crocker, John F. S., 297Cronberg, Gertrud, 397Cummins, Cecil S., 1102Curtis, S. E., 208

Dagley, Stanley, 817D'Aoust, J. Y., 483Davidson, Charles M., 811Davidson, Foster, 94Davis, Patrick J., 738

Dawe, Linda L., 829Dawes, Katherine P., 411, 1206De Groot, Ida, 6Deibel, R. H., 1193Dellebarre, C. W., 17Demain, A. L., 459Demain, Arnald L., 563, 1074Demeyer, D. I., 24De Mik, G., 6Dibble, J. T., 1213Dietz, Allan S., 456DiSalvo, Louis H., 219Donnelly, L. Scott, 576Donoghue, Helen D., 45Dorn, G. L., 766Dowell, V. R., Jr., 762Drummond, J. G., 208Dugan, Patrick R., 422Duran, A. P., 89Duteurtre, B., 1211

Eddy, Gerald A., 431Egan, Mary, 558Elkan, G. H., 1221Elliott, L. P., 1213Emswiler, B. S., 97, 627Engelhardt, G., 243Ennis, D. M., 51Eskenazi, Samuel, 199Eutick, M. L., 823Evans, T. M., 376

Farkas, J., 533Farrah, Samuel R., 360, 540, 624Ferguson, Donald A., Jr., 1102Finn, R. K., 890Finstein, M. S., 67Firestone, Mary K., 955Flores, M. E., 228Floyd, Roger, 1079, 1084Focht, D. D., 124Foster, T. L., 937Foster, Terry L., 730Francis, A. J., 364Franken, H. C. M., 17Freer, Shelby N., 622Fryder, Vincent, 777Fukami, Hiroshi, 679Fukaya, Masahiro, 679Fulk, E., 558Fuller, R., 582Furukawa, Kensuke, 223Furuse, K., 995

Galask, R. P., 444Gangemi, J. David, 431Gauthier, Joseph J., 450

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

Gentile, D. E., 89Gerba, Charles P., 360, 540, 624,685

Ghosh, Anil C., 563, 1074Gibbs, P. A., 1216Gilmour, M. N., 84Glass, J. Steven, 983Gold, Michael H., 1223Good, Robert C., 618Goodman, J. R., 782Goyal, Sagar M., 360, 540, 624Grabow, W. 0. K., 663Grant, Glen A., 549Grecz, N., 533Gregory, Eugene M., 988Gregory, Kenneth F., 641(riego, V. M., 906Groat, M. L., 881Gross, Cynthia S., 1102Gurnsey, Joan C., 771Guthertz, Linda S., 109

Hackney, Cameron R., 1121tiagedorn, C., 711Hajek, V., 264Haller, Helen D., 890Hamdy, F., 142Han, Youn W., 549Harris, P. J., 156,1166Hartman, Paul A., 576Hashimoto, Tadayo, 274Hattori, Akihiko, 278, 853Hawkins, Sandra M., 1121Hayashi, H., 467Hayashi, Mitsunori, 971Healy, J. B., Jr., 216Heinis, J. J., 1035Helms, S. J. S., 937Henderson, C., 24Henning, Penelope A., 1008Henry, R. A., 492Herbes, S. E., 306Herron, Jean S., 251Herson, Diane S., 791Hess, W. R., 142Hesseltine, C. W., 105Hillman, Elizabeth A., 171Hirashima, A., 995Holdeman, Lillian V., 988Hollocher, Thomas, 247Holt, J. G., 185Horvath, E., 1221Houston, M. R., 1213Houwaard, F., 1061Howes, John F., 1074Hsieh, Dennis P. H., 980Hubbell, David H., 210Hummer, Raymond M., 171Humphrey, A. E., 337Hungate, R. E., 113

Igwegbe, E. C. K., 146Iida, Hiroo, 462Imshenetsky, A. A., 1Inglis, Jean M., 517Irgens, R. L., 38

Izuo, Nobuhiko, 1046

Jameson, C. W., 51Jeffries, Thomas W., 704, 1228Jessee, J. A., 136Johnson, Anna D., 431Johnson, Eric A., 1155Johnson, M. G., 627Johnson, R. C., 492Jones, D. T., 439Jordan, D. C., 204Joseph, A. L., 978

Kamibayashi, Akira, 223Kamikubo, Tadashi, 971Kanemasa, Y., 467Kaper, James B., 756Kaplan, Arthur M., 945, 949Kaplan, Isaac R., 1185Katsuki, M., 995Katz, Stanley E., 517Katzenelson E., 290Kawai, Fusako, 679Kazakov, G. A., 1Kelley, Roger W., 507Kellogg, Scott T., 507Kemp, Christopher, 743Khan, A. W., 1027Kibbey, H. J., 711Kimura, Takuhei, 679Kimura, Tetsu, 631King, John D., 251Kirschner, L. E., 730Kiss, I., 533Kisumi, Masahiko, 231, 834Kiutamo, T., 453Klaenhammer, T. R., 592Klein, Frederick, 171Klucas, R. V., 129Kobbe, Brunhilde, 563Koike, Isao, 278, 853Komatsubara, Saburo, 834Konopka, Allan, 527Konowalchuk, Jack, 1219Koransky, Jack R., 762Kotula, A. W., 97Koujima, Izumi, 467Koupal, A., 1193Kramer, A., 51Krenzer, A. K., 84Kurihara, Yasushi, 500

Labeda, David P., 781Lafont, P., 206Larsen, Bryan, 444Larsson, Kerstin, 397Latham, M. J., 156, 1166Leach, Kay L., 1228Lee, Adrian, 610Lee, John D., 614Lee, Spencer H. S., 297Lee, Yao-Ling T., 817Leef, James L., 72Lewis, Michael J., 1153Leyden, James J., 62Lindenfelser, L. A., 105

Lindroth, Seppo, 1003Linehan, B., 317Ling, E. T. M., 1213Lior, H., 202Littell, Allan M., 199Liu, Gai-xuong, 797Lockwood, L. B., 1213Lovell, D. J., 1128, 1136Lundgren, Donald, 1198Lysenko, S. V., 1

McClure, F. D., 89McCormick, Neil G., 945, 949McCowan, R. P., 149McCoy, E. L., 711McFeters, Gordon A., 383McGinley, Kenneth J., 62McKay, L. L., 592McKercher, P. D., 142McMeekin, T. A., 1216McNicol, Patricia J., 204Macy, Joan M., 113Mafart, P., 1211Maglio, M., 782Mah, Robert A., 1174, 1185Mancinelli, Rocco L., 1095Manmade, Awinash, 563, 1074Marasas, W. F. O., 659Markovetz, A. J., 166, 444Martignoni, M. E., 690Martin, J. P., 124Matulewich, V. A., 67Mazur, Peter, 72Mazzocchi, P. H., 51Meldrum, Sheila, 439Melnick, Joseph L., 540, 624, 685Metzger, Joseph F., 431Middendorff, Irmela G., 663Miller, Carol A., 813Miller, Lois K., 411, 1206Mills, Aaron L., 756Mirocha, C. J., 636, 986, 992Miyakawa, Masasumi, 283Moberg, L. J., 878Moll, M., 1211Momose, Haruo, 641Moore, W. E. C., 988Morales, Victor M., 210Morrison, Susan J., 179Mountfort, D. O., 648Muirhead, P. A., 782Mundt, J. Orvin, 655Murata, Kousaku, 834

Nabe, Koichi, 1046Naemura, Laurie G., 392Nagia, Shiro, 971Nakamura, Fuminori, 500Nakane, Akio, 462Nakanishi, Noriyuki, 231Nakano, Masatoshi, 283Neihof, R. A., 698Nevalainen, K. M. H., 11Nishio, Naomichi, 971Niskanen, A., 453Niskanen, Aimo, 1233

ii AUTHOR INDEX

AUTHOR INDEX

Nord, Carl-Erik, 269

O'Brien, R. W., 823Ogata, Koichi, 679Oguma, Keiji, 462Okabe, A., 467Okoluk, Richard L., 109Olivigni, F. J., 435Olson, Susan B., 383Omori, T., 512, 867Otten, Sharee, 554Ouchi, G. I., 364Ough, C. S., 881

Palva, E. T., 11Pathre, S. V., 986, 992Pattee, P. A., 185Patterson, J. T., 1216Payne, W. J., 724Pedersen, Wayne L., 129Penrose, William R., 829Pettipher, G. L., 156, 1166Pfennig, N., 38Phaff, Herman J., 1155Phillips, Michael, 610Pierson, M. D., 627Poelma, P. L., 89Pore, R. Scott, 694Prins, R. A., 24

Raevuori, M., 453Raisanen, S., 453Ramsburg, Helen H., 431Ray, B., 820, 1121Reddy, K. R., 636Redhead, K., 962Reed, William M., 422Reuszer, H. W., 94Rhee, C. O., 533Riggs, Charles W., 171Roberts T. A., 533Robison, T. S., 636Robrish, Stanley A., 743Roffey, Roger, 847, 1231Rohrmann, G. F., 690Romero, A., 89Rosazza, John P., 554Rosenberg, Bernard, 1116Rosensteel, John F., 171Roubal, George, 897Rozee, Kenneth R., 297Rude, R. A., 89Ruiz, Leonard R., Jr., 771Russell, C., 670Russell, James, 450

Sacks, L. E., 405Safe, Stephen, H., 297Sakurai, T., 995Salanitro, J. P., 782Sanchez, S., 228, 459Sanyal, B., 670Schauerhamer, Beth, 986Scheifinger, C. C., 317Schesser, John H., 121Schiemann, D. A., 54, 487

Schillinger, J. E., 376Schleifer, Karl H., 479Schneider, I. S., 809Schroeder, Brian W., 976Schultz, J. E., 930Schwall, L. R., 306Seidl, Peter H., 479Seidler, Ramon J., 392Serrano, Antonio M., 809Shaparis, A. B., 59, 863, 886Sharp, D. G., 1079, 1084Sharpe, E. S., 601Sherr, B. F., 724Short, John L., 771Shulls, Wells A., 1095Sidransky, Ellen, 247Siefert, E., 38Sielicki, M., 124Silver, W. S., 567Singh, Rajendra, 980Siriwardana, T. M. G., 206Slaytor, M., 823Smiley, Martin B., 777Smiljanic, R. J., 1128, 1136Smith, Eric M., 360, 685Smith, Michael R., 1174Smith, Robert V., 738Songer, J. R., 974S0rensen, Jan, 301Spanggord, R. J., 364Sparnins, Velta L., 817Speck, M. L., 820Speirs, Joan I., 1219Spence, K. D., 906Spite, George T., 1226Spoelstra, Sierk F., 841Stack, M. V., 45Stemnberg, David, 750Stinson, J. V., 521Strayer, Richard F., 192Stuart, D. G., 376Stuart, Sidney A., 383Sugiyama, H., 878Sumi, Yukiko, 283Suzuki, Yuzuru, 258Swaminathan, B., 911Szabocsik, John, 618

Takagi, Tsutomu, 231Tani, Yoshiki, 679Tano, Tatsuo, 1198Tate, Robert L., III., 925Taylor, Mary, 811Teltsch, B., 290Terai, Yoshinori, 258Terzaghi, Betty E., 471Terzaghi, Eric A., 471Thiel, P. G., 659Thompson, P. A., 405Thomson, S. V., 1150Thorne, Curtis B., 1109Tiedje, James M., 192, 955Tilton, Richard C., 1116Timourian, Hector, 704Toma, S., 54Tomochika, K., 467

Tompkin, R. B., 59, 863, 886Tonomura, Kenzo, 223Townsend, James M., 563, 1074Troller, J. A., 521Trottier, T. M., 1027Trust, T. J., 202Tsuchiya, Katsumi, 631Turner, G., 84Twedt, Robert M., 1226Tyler, J. E., 45

Ueno, Tamio, 679Ujimaru, Toshihiko, 1046Umali-Garcia, Mercedes, 210

VanDemark, P. J., 920van der Hoeven, J. S., 17Van Der Walt, A. E., 1008Van Etten, James L., 622Van Sluis, J., 983Vela, G. R., 766Verhue, Walter, M., 1145Vidaver, Anne K., 129Villa, Tomas G., 1155Vogelhut, Paul O., 813von Wright, Atte, 1003

Wadstrom, Torkel, 269Walker, John D., 694Wallis, Craig, 540, 624Wallnofer, P. R., 243Walter, Bert, 247Ward, David M., 353, 1019, 1185Ward, Raymond L., 704Warren, L. S., 136Watanabe, I., 995Webb, Teresa A., 655Webster, Guy F., 62Wehner, F. C., 659Wei, Ru-dong, 797Weibull, Claes, 397Weisman, Dorith, 32White, David C., 179, 251Wilkins, Judd R., 214Williams, Gillian, 1012Williams, J. E., 911Wilson, C. R., 89Winans, L., Jr., 730, 937Wodzinski, Richard S., 718Wolin, M. J., 317Woods, D. R., 439Wright, S. J. L., 937

Yamada, Shigeki, 1046Yanko, William A., 983Yao, Raymond C., 980Yost, K. G., 920Young, L. Y., 216Young, Richard N., 214Yu, Ida, 113

Zabriskie, D. W., 337Zebal, Ronald, 219Zellerman, Gabor G., 811Zinder, S. H., 344Zuberer, D. A., 567

VOL. 35, 1978 iii

SUBJECT INDEX

VOLUME 35

Acetate enrichmentnonmethanogenic bacterium, 1185

Acetate fermentationMethanosarcina strain, 1174

Acetylene reductionwinter wheat and sorghum, roots, 129

Acid analysisisotachophoresis, 17

Activated-sludge system[14C]TNT biotransformation, 949

Adenosine 5'-triphosphatemeasurement in coke waste activated sludge, 450

Adenosine triphosphate, extractableuse in estimating viable cell mass in plaque samples,

743Adipose tissue, meatsampling techniques, 978

Affinity chromatographytype A botulinum neurotoxin, purification, 878

African swine fever virusviability in pork products, 142

Airborne bacterial florageographical, meteorlogical, and seasonal factors,

847three-year investigation, 847

Aircraft fuelanti-icing additives, 698

Air pollutantsbacterial genera, 1095relationship with number of viable bacteria, 1095

Air samplerscomparison of Andersen eight- and two-stage sam-

plers, 208Air transmission, bacteria

long range, 1231Algal-bacterial mats

methanogenesis, 10Algal mats

Chlorella isolate, 383organic nutrient source for coliform bacteria, 383

Alimentary tract, humansampling method for ecological analysis, 113

Alkanes, chlorinateddehalogenation, 867

Amino acid auxotrophs, aromaticenrichment method, 228H. polymorpha, 228

Ammonium chlorideeffect on nitrogenase in peas, 1061

Ampullariaphage 14-lysogenized Salmonella isolate, 202

Anabaena cylindricabiophotolytic hydrogen yield, 1228hydrogen production, 704

Anaerobes, gram-negativecompact liquid N2 storage system, 84

Anaerobic bacteria, identificationcomputer program, 507

Anthraquinonesconversion to sterigmatocystin by A. versicolor, 980

Anti-icing additivesjet aircraft fuels, 698

Antitumor agentsmicrobial transformation, 554

Arthrobacter phagesphage typing of soil arthrobacters, 185

Arthrospore survivalT. mentagrophytes, 274

Artificial capillariesVEE virus production, 431

L-Asparaginase synthesisphysiology in E. coli A-1 recombinants, 766

Aspergillus flavus sporesincidence in cornfields, 627

Aspergillus ,B-glucosidaseimmobilization on chitosan, 750

Aspergillus versicolorsterigmatocystin biosynthesis, 980

Astaxanthinisolation from P. rhodozyma, 1155

Azidedifferential inhibition of denitrification, 247

Azo dyesreduction by intestinal anaerobes, 558

Bacillus cereus Ht-8thermal resistance in heat-sensitive, DPA-less

spores, 800Bacillus licheniformis

survival on skin, 1128interaction with normal flora of skin, 1136

Bacillus popilliaecharacteristics of substrains, 601continuous culture in a chemostat, 601

Bacillus speciesphosphite and hypophosphite utilization, 937use of ethanol or heat for recovery, 762

Bacillus stearothermophilusriboflavin synthetase from, 258

Bacillus thuringiensistransduction, 1109

Bacillus thuringiensis sporesinactivation by UV and visible light, 906toxicity to tobacco hornworms, 121

Bacterial antagonismanaerobic bacteria of mouse gastrointestinal tract,

1066immunofluorescence, 1066

Bacterial preservation mediumproficiency testing in water, bacteriology, 487

Bacteriocin typingprocedure using plastic petri dishes, 970

iv

SUBJECT INDEX

Bacteriophage infectionyogurt culture performance, 1145

Bacteroides fragilisglycosidase formation in culture, 269

Bacteroides ruminicolavolatile fatty acid production, 872

Bacteroides strainspresence of SOD, 988

Bacteroides succinogenesadhesion to cell walls in ryegrass leaves, 1166

Baculovirus pesticidesREN analysis, 411

Beef carcassessampling method, 811

Beef roastsS. typhimurium experimental contaminant, 1160

Beggiatoaenrichment and isolation procedures, 614

Beijerinckia sp.identification in the high Arctic, 204

Biodegradationlow-molecular-weight imides, 51

Biodegradation potentials'4C-hydrocarbon-spiked crude oil, 897

Biophotolytic hydrogenincrease in yield by A. cylindrica, 1228

Biosphere, upper boundaryrocket-borne analyzers, 1sampling, 1

Bisulfite-sulfite concentrationseffect on microorganisms, 718

Blue-green algaealgal-lysing fungi, 962photosynthetic rate and pigment content, 527

Botulinal outgrowtheffect of prior refrigeration, 863perishable canned cured meat, 863

Bovine waste, digestionacetate and CO2 as methane precursors, 648

Buoyant density centrifugationuse in virus quantification, 690

Candida albicansmembrane filter procedure for enumeration, 237

Candida ingens culturereduction of nonprotein nitrogen and ash in lactic

acid whey, 771removal of lactic acid from lactic acid whey, 771

Catachol degradationmethanogenic bacterial population, 216

Cellulose degradationeffect of sulfur-containing compounds, 1027to methane, 1027

Cellulose hydrolysisT. viride mutants, 11

Cephalosporium sp.trypsin inhibitor production, 631

Chemiluminescent assaylimit of sensitivity for bacterial detection, 813

Chitosanimmobilization of /)-glucosidase by glutaraldehyde,

750Chlorellafrom an algal mat community, 383

Chlorinepolychlorinated biphenyl biodegradability, 223

Clostridium botulinuminhibition in cured meats, variation, '8bnitrite inhibition in cured meat, 59outgrowth in perishable cured meat, 863

Clostridium botulinum sporesradiation resistance and salt sensitivity, 533

Clostridium perfringensidentification by using WH medium, 809new medium for sporulation, 405

Clostridium speciesuse of ethanol or heat for recovery, 762

Coke waste activated sludgeATP measurement, 450

Commercial beveragesvirus inactivation, 1219

Computer identification systemanaerobic bacteria, 507simultaneous pattern recognition, 507

Contact lenses, hydrophilicdisinfection, 618

Corn stunt spiroplasmagrowth inhibition by horse serum, 146

Coryneforms, anaerobicelectrophoretic protein patterns, 1102enzyme mobilities, 1102

Cotton celluloseadhesion of.R. flavefaciens, 156

Crassostrea glomeratavirus uptake, 1012

Culture chamberfor rapid sampling and turbidimetric measurements,976

CunninghameUa eleganssynthesis of isoapocodeine from 10,11-dimethoxy-

aporphine, 738Cyclochlorotine

production by P. islandicum Sopp, 1074Cyclohexene, ozonized

aerosolized E. coli, inactivation, 6

Dairy productsassay of dihydrostreptomycin, 517plating procedure for coliform enumeration, 820

DDT analogscometabolism by a Pseudomonas sp., 364

Deep-well disposal systemcorrection method for hydrostatic pressure effects,

1221Dehalogenation

halogenated alkanes and fatty acids, 867organic compounds, 512

Denitrificationcoastal sediments, 278, 301inhibition by azide, 247nitrite/nitrous oxide level, 247

Dental plaque, monkeysviable cell mass, using ATP, 743

Deoxynivalenolfrom Fusareum cultures, 992

Dichlorononanedehalogenation, 512

Dihydrostreptomycin residuesnew assay, 517

10,11-Dimethoxyaporphineregiospecific synthesis of isoapocodeine, 738

Di-n-butyl phthalate

VOL. 35, 1978 V

vi SUBJECT INDEX

metabolism by soil bacteria, 2432,4-Dinitrotoluene

biotransformation products, 945Dulcitol-malonate-phenylalanine agar

identification of Salmonella, other Enterobacteri-aceae, 199

Efficiency of plating, phageseffect of lactose concentration, 471on S. cremoris, 471

Electrochemical microbial detection unit, multichan-nel, 214

Emulsifiers, commercialenhancement of virus replication in mammalian

cells, 297Enrichment proceduresBeggiatoa cultures, 614

Enteric identification systemscomparison, 109

Enterobacteriaceaeidentification from foods, 109multitest systems and tube methodology, compari-

son, 109Enterovirus concentrationfrom tap water, sewage, and seawater, 540use of pleated membrane filters, 540

Enterovirusessurvival in sewage effluents and estuarine water, 685

12,13-Epoxytrichothecenesnew sensitive biological assay, 206toxicity in chicks, 636

Epstein-Barr virusinfectivity and particle morphology, 173large-scale production, 173

Escherichia coliL-asparaginase synthesis, physiology, 766longevity in Histosols, 925

Escherichia coli, aerosolizedbreaks in DNA, 6inactivation by ozone, cyclohexene, and ozonized

cyclohexene, 6Estuarine microbiotacomparison with substrates, 179mass and activity, 179PHB recovery, 251

Estuarine waterenterovirus survival, 685

Ethanoluse in recovery of Clostridium and Bacillus species,

762

Fatty acidsde novo synthesis, 24production by anaerobes, 872rumen microbial lipid formation, 24

Fecal coliformsenumeration in water, 136/)-galactosidase assay, 136

Fecal proteinsisolation from conventional and germfree rats, 283origin and properties, 283

Fermentation biomass concentrationfluorescence as an estimator, 337

Fermentation, ratesgrape juice, 881

Fermentation system, continuous

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

rumen protozoal population maintenance, 500Filter holder

viable airborne bacteria, sampling, 1095Flavobacterium-Pseudomonas mixed culturePEG metabolism, 679

Flavobacterium rigenseformation of 0-2-hydroxypropylhomoserine from

1,2-propanediol, 1046Flocsaluminum hydroxide and activated sludge, 360virus adsorption, 360

Fluorescencemeasurement of fermentation biomass concentra-

tion, 337Fluorescent-antibody techniquemethanogenic bacterium in lake sediments, 193nonspecific staining, control, 911salmonellae in foods, 911

Foods, liquid['4C]lysine and microbial contamination, 1211

Freezing responseN. crassa conidia in four different states, 72

Fungal sporesprocedure for disruption, 622

Fungi, lyticalgal bloom control, 962blue-green algae, 962

Fusarium mycotoxinslack of mutagenicity to S. typhimurium, 659

Fusarium speciesdeoxynivalenol analysis, 992

,B-Galactosidase assayfecal coliform enumeration, 136

Gastric epithelium, pigslactobacilli and streptococci, 582

Gentamicin mediumgroup D streptococci, 576application to water analysis, 576

Gingival crevice, humansnonsporing, anaerobic, gram-positive rods, 670

,8-Glucosidase, Aspergillusimmobilization on chitosan, 750

Glycosidasesformation in B. fragilis culture, 269

Grape juice fermentationdifferent yeast strains, reaction, 881effect of different solid additions, 881

Growth-temperature responseKlebsiella isolates, 392

Hansenula polymorphaaromatic amino acid auxotrophs, 228

Hansenula polymorpha bradytrophtryptophan excretion, 459

Heterotrophic bacteriain termite (R. flavipes) hindguts, 930

Heterotrophs, enumerationspread plate method, 756

HistosolsE. coli longevity, 925

Hog cholera virusviability in pork products, 142

Homogenizerscomparison of types, 89

Horse serum

SUBJECT INDEX

growth inhibition of corn stunt spiroplasma, 146Hydrocarbon degradation

in Alaskan continental shelf areas, 897potentials, 897

Hydrocarbon metabolismsalinity, effects, 353

Hydrocarbonsvitamin B12 production, 971

Hydrogen productionA. cylindrica, 704ammonium and ferric ions, pH, and light, effects,

704Hydrostatic pressure effects

correction method, deep-well disposal system data,1221

Imide biodegradationstructural factors, 51

Immunofluorescencebacterial antagonism, determination, 1066

Immunolatex reagentsfrom antiserum to F. varium, 166localization of gut bacteria, 166

Indirect fluorescent antibody-membrane filter tech-nique

M. methanica and M. trichosporium, distribution,422

Intestinal anaerobesazo dye reduction, 558

Intestinal mucosa, rodentsculture of spiral-shaped bacteria, 610

Intestinal tract, chicksbacterial isolation and enumeration, 782

Intubation sampling methodhuman alimentary tract ecology, 113

Isoapocodeineregiospecific synthesis from 10,11-dimethoxyapor-

phine, 738Isoascorbateenhancement of nitrite inhibition of C. botulinum,

59Isotachophoresis

bacterial fermentation products, 17

Kiebsiellagrowth-temperature response, 392

Lactic acid production.L. helveticus subsp. jugurti plasmids, 777

Lactic acid wheyC. ingens culture, 771lactic acid removal, 771nonprotein nitrogen and ash reduction, 771

Lactobacillus helveticus subsp. jugurti plasmidslactic acid production, 777N-acetyl-D-glucosamine fermentation, 777

Lactose concentrationEOP of phages on S. cremoris, 471

Lake waterlight and electron microscopy for enumeration of

bacteria and algae, 397Lapachol

oxidation by P. notatum, 554Larval mortality

V. anguillarum, 219

Leptospiradistribution in soil and water, 492

Leuconostoc mesenteroidesgrowth inhibition by sodium fluoride and ionic tin,920

Light inactivationB. thuringiensis spores, 906

Light microscopydetermination of bacteria and algae in lake water,

397Lignocellulosedecomposition by Streptomyces strains, 1041

Lime treatmentmicroorganism removal from a wastewater recla-mation plant, 663

Limulus lysatefor water quality determination, 376

Liquid nitrogen storage systemgram-negative anaerobe recovery, 84

Lolium perenneB. succinogenes adhesion in presence of R. flave-

faciens, 1166R. flavefaciens adhesion to cell walls in leaves, 156

Luteoskyrinproduction from P. islandicum Sopp, 563

[14C]lysinedetection of microbial contamination in liquid foods,

1211

Magnesium uptakeby thermally stressed V. parahaemwlyticus, 1035

Malate dehydrogenasemobility, 1102

Manducta sextatoxicity of B. thuringiensis spores, 121

Mangroves, FloridaN2 fixation (acetylene reduction), 567

Mariculture systemThallosiosira-pseudomonad interactions, 791

Marine bacteriaeffects of PCBs on growth, 323effects of PCBs on macromolecular synthesis, 329

Martian environment, simulatedresponse of terrestrial microorganisms, 730

Meats, curedbotulinal inhibition, 886botulinal inhibition with nitrite and ascorbate, 59botulinal outgrowth, 863

Megasphaera elsdeniivolatile fatty acid production, 872

Membrane filter techniqueC. albicans in natural waters, enumeration, 237

Methanesulfur-containing compounds and cellulose degra-

dation, 1027Methane precursors

acetate and C02, 648anaerobic digestion of bovine waste, 648

Methane thiolformation of methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen

sulfide from methionine, 344Methanogenesisfrom acetate, 1185hot-spring algal-bacterial mats, 1185

Methanogenic bacterium

VOL. 35, 1978 vii

viii SUBJECT INDEX

FA technique, 193in lake sediments, 193

Methanosarcinaacetate-fermenting strain, 1174

Methionine decompositionin lake sediments, 344

Methionine-rich proteinS. cerevisiae Ts mutants, 641

3-Methoxycrotonic acid catabolism, 817Methylomonas methanica

determination by indirect FA-membrane filter tech-nique, 422

distribution in Cleveland Harbor, 422Methylosinus trichosporium

determination by indirect FA-membrane filter tech-nique, 422

distribution in Cleveland Harbor, 422Microalgae, marine02 evolution, 858pH increase, 858

Microbiota of piggery wastes, anaerobic, 841Micrococci

serological separation of staphylococci, test, 479Milk, raw

Y. enterocolitica isolation, 54Mixed-hydrocarbon substrategrowth of Prototheca, 694

Moldson vegetables at harvest time, 655

Mono-n-butyl phthalatemetabolism by soil bacteria, 243

Mucrosporium sp.DNT transformation products, 945

MutagenicityFusarium toxins, 659

Mutagen productionby fungi, 1150S. typhimurium assay, 1150

Mycotoxin productionwild rice as substrate, 105

N-acetyl-D-glucosamine fermentationL. helveticus subsp. jugurti plasmids, 777

Naegleriaresistance to physical and chemical agents, 368

'5N dilution techniquenitrification and nitrate reduction in sediments, 853

Neurospora crassaresponse to freezing, 72

Neurotoxin, botulinumaffinity chromatography purification, 878

Nitratemetabolism by lake phytoplankton, 1052

Nitrate reductionin coastal sediments, 853'5N dilution technique, 853

Nitrificationin coastal sediments, 853'5N dilution technique, 853

Nitrifying bacteriadistribution in a polluted river, 67most-probable-number procedure, 67

Nitrilotriacetatedegradation by Pseudomonas, 955

Nitrite concentrations

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

effect on microorganisms, 718p-Nitrobenzoate

biodegradation by domestic sewage, 890Nitrogenase activity

effect of ammonium chloride, 1061in pea plants, 1061

Nitrogen fixationFlorida mangroves, 567winter wheat and sorghum, roots, 129

Nuclear polyhedrosis virusesA. californica, 1206identification by REN analysis, 411restriction endonuclease analysis, 1206T. ni, 1206

Nuclease assay procedureS. aureus nuclease in food, 1193

Nutritionand physiology, S. ruminantium, 317

0-2-hydroxypropylhomoserineformation by F. rigense, 1046

Oil water-soluble componentspH increase and 02 evolution of marine macroalgae,

inhibition, 858Orgyia pseudotsugataTM BioControl-1, 690

Oxidation ponds, high-rateS. obliquus growth, 32

Oystersvirus accumulation, 1012

Paecilomyces variotil-trans-2,3-epoxysuccinic acid and succinic acid ac-

cumulation, 1213Pars esophagea

bacterial association, 582Patulin productionby P. roqueforti, 435

Patulin toxicityadducts formed with cysteine, 1003

Pectin agar plate assaypectolytic enzymes in Rhizobium, 210

Penicillic acid productionby P. roqueforti, 435

Penicillium islandicum Soppcyclochlorotine and simatoxin production, 1074luteoskyrin production, 563pibasterol isolation, 563

Penicillium notatumlapachol oxidation, 554

Penicillium roquefortipenicillic acid and patulin production, 435PR toxin production, 797

Periplaneta americana L.gut bacteria, localized by ILR, 166

Phaffia rhodozymaisolation of astaxanthin, 1155

Phanaerochaete chrysosporiumcolonial growth induction, 1223replica plating, 1223

Phenol degradationmethanogenic bacterial population, 216

Phosphiteanaerobic utilization by Bacillus sp., 937

Photosynthesis

SUBJECT INDEX

blue-green algae in a lake, 527Phototrophic bacteria

metabolism, 38sewage treatment plant, 38

Phytoplankton, lakeN03 metabolism, 1052

Pibasterolisolation from P. islandicum Sopp, 563

Piggery wastesmedia for microbiota enumeration, 841

Pigmentsblue-green algae, 527

Pipettor, safe, convenient, and portable, 974Pisum sativum

nitrogenase activity, 1061Plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid

isolation from group N streptococci, 592Plating media, supplemented

S. aureus recovery, 483Poliovirus

aggregation, 1079, 1084detection in anaerobic digester sludge, 983effects of salts at low pH, 1084method for concentration from tap water, 624

Poliovirus inactivationby commercial juices or beverages, 1219

Polychlorinated biphenylschlorine substitution and biodegradability, 223heterotrophic marine bacterial growth and macro-

molecular synthesis, 323, 329Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

microbial transformation, 306Polyethylene glycol

bacterial oxidation, 679Poly-,8-hydroxybutyrate

recovery from estuarine microflora, 251Pork products

residual viruses, 142Poultry-processing environs

volatile sulfide-producing bacteria, 1216Pour-overlay technique

coliform detection in dairy products, 820Primary amoebic meningoencephalitisNaegleria resistance to common physical and chem-

ical agents, 368Proline content

alteration of environmental salt concentration, 467S. aureus, 467

Propionibacteria, cutaneousP. acnes, P. avidum, P. granulosum, 62regional variations, 62

Protothecagrowth on n-hexadecane and mixed-hydrocarbon

substrate, 694PR toxin

production in P. roqueforti strains, 797Psudomonadp-NBA degradation and inhibition by benzoate, 890

Pseudomonas speciesDDT analogs, cometabolism, 364NTA degradation, pathway, 955

Pyrolysis gas-liquid chromatographyoral streptococci, variability, 45Salmonella serotype differentiation, 97

Radiation resistanceand salt sensitivity, 533C. botulinum spores, 533

Reovirusaggregation, 1079, 1084effects of salts at low pH, 1084uptake by oysters, 1012

Replica platingP. chryosporium, 1223

Restriction endonuclease analysisbaculovirus pesticide identification, 411nuclear polyhedrosis viruses, 1206

Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar)heterotrophic bacteria in hindguts, 930

Rhizobiumpectolytic enzymes, 210

Rhizobiumjaponicumpersistence on soybean seed coat, 95

Riboflavin synthetasefrom B. stearothermophilus, 258

Ribonucleic acid coliphagesdistribution in South and East Asia, 995new types, 995

Roll-tube culture media, anaerobicbacteria of chick intestinal tract, isolation, 782

Rumen bacteria, enumerationinclusion of xylan in medium, 1008

Rumen epithelia, cattlebacterial adhesion, 149

Rumen microbial lipidsde novo synthesis of fatty acids, 24

Rumen protozoal populationmaintenance in a fermentation system, 500

Ruminococcus flavefaciensadhesion to cotton cellulose, 156B. succinogenes adhesion to cell walls in ryegrass

leaves, 1166cell coat, 156

Saccharomyces cerevisiaemethionine-rich Ts mutants, 641

Salinityeffects on hydrocarbon metabolism, 353

Saliva, humansnonsporing, anaerobic, gram-positive rods, 670

Salmonellaedetection in foods, 911dulcitol-malonate-phenylalanine agar for identifi-

cation, 199FA antibody technique, 911from Ampullaria, 202phage 14-lysogenized, 202

Salmonella serotypesdifferentiation by PGLC, 97

Salmonella typhimuriummutagenicity of Fusarium toxins, 659survival during cooking of beef roasts, 1160

Salmonella typhimurium assaymutagen production by fungi, 1150

Salmonella typhimurium, heat injuredrecovery on plating media, 483

Salt sensitivityand radiation resistance, 533C. botulinum spores, 533

iXVOL. 35, 1978

x SUBJECT INDEX

SeafoodsV. parahaemolyticus, 1121, 1226

Seawater"bactericidal" property, 829coliform destruction, 829

Scenedesmus obliquusgrowth in high-rate oxidation ponds, 32heterotrophic nutrition, 32

Sediments, coastalammonia formation, 278denitrification, 278, 301

Sediment, lakemethionine as sulfide source, 344methionine degradation, 344

Sediment, pristine and petroleum-contaminatedPAH transformation rates, 306

Selenomonas ruminantiumnutritional requirements for growth on lactate, glyc-

erol, or glucose, 317Semisolid fermentation, pilot-scale

straw, 549Semliki Forest virusuptake by oysters, 1012

Serratia marcescensthreonine production by regulatory mutants, 834urocanic acid-producing strain, 231

Sewagep-nitrobenzoate degradation, 890

Sewage treatment plantsphototrophic purple and green bacteria, 38

Sheepidentification of enterotoxigenic staphylococci, 264

Sheep cheeseidentification of enterotoxigenic staphylococci, 264

Silver inhibitionreversal by agar, 1116

Simatoxinnew metabolite produced by P. islandicum Sopp,

1074Skin flora

interaction with B. licheniformis, 1136Sludge, anaerobic digester

poliovirus detection method, 983Soil arthrobacters

use of Arthrobacter phage for classification, 185Soil bacteria

di- and mono-n-butyl phthalate metabolism, 243Soil denitrifiers

S. alterniflora root-rhizome system, 724Soil pollution

fecal streptococci as indicators, 711Soil systems

[8-`C]styrene degradation, 125Soybeans

R. japonicum on seed coats, 95Spacecraft, isolatesresponse to simulated Martian environment, 730

Spartina alternifloraeffect on soil denitrifiers, 724root-rhizome system, 724

Spirochetesassociated with rodent intestinal mucosa, 610isolation and cultivation method, 610

Sporulation

APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL.

C. perfringens, 405new medium, 405

Spread plate methodaerobic heterotroph enumeration in water samples,

756Staphylococcal nuclease

detection in foods, method, 1193Staphylococci

serological separation from micrococci, 479Staphylococcus aureus

comparison of selective media, 1233coagulase positive, enterotoxigenic, 1233extracellular enzyme production and a",, 521from sheep and sheep cheese, 264proline and water content, 467

Stomacherefficiency for food sample preparation, 89

Strawsemisolid fermentation, 549

Streptococci, group Dgentamicin medium for isolation, 576

Streptococci, group Nlysis procedure for plasmnid DNA isolation, 592

Streptococci, oralvariability in pyrograms, 45

Streptococcus cremorisEOP of phages, 471

Streptococcus faecalisindicators of soil pollution, 711

Streptococcus mutansgrowth inhibition by sodium fluoride and ionic tin,920

Streptomyceslignocellulose decomposition, 1041

Styrenetransformation in soil cultures, 125

Succinate dehydrogenasemobility, 1102

Succinic acidaccumulation by P. varioti, 1213

Sulfide oxidationT. ferrooxidans spheroplasts, 1198

Superoxide dismutase in anaerobes, 988

Termites, Australianmajor gut bacteria, 823

Termites, wood-eatingheterotrophic bacteria in hindguts, 930

Thallasiosira pseudonannainteraction with a pseudomonad in mariculture. 791

Thermal disinfectionhydrophilic contact lenses, 618

Thermal resistanceB. cereus Ht-8 DPA-less spores, 800

Thiobacillus ferrooxidanssulfide oxidation by spheroplasts, 1198

Threonine productionS. marcescens regulatory mutants, 834

Toxicity12,13-epoxytrichothecenes, 636patulin and patulin adducts formed with cysteine,

1003Transduction

in B. thuringiensis, 1109

SUBJECT INDEX

Transmission electron microscopybacterial associations with vaginal epithelium, 444

Trichoderma viridemutants unable to hydrolyze cellulose, 11

Trichophyton mentagrophytesarthrospore survival and resistance, 274

2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid catabolism, 8172,4,6-Trinitrotoluene

biotransformation, 945, 949Trypsin inhibitor

production by a Cephalosporium sp., 631Tryptophan excretion

bradytroph of H. polymorpha, 459

Urocanase acid productionS. marcescens, 231

Urocanase-less histidine regulatory mutants, 231

Vaginal epithelium, ratsbacterial associations, 444

Vegetablesnumbers and identity of molds, 655

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virusproduction on an artificial capillary system, 431

Vibrio anguillarumlarval mortality in a shellfish hatchery, 219

Vibrio parahaemolyticusdetection in seafoods, 1121isolation from seafood, 1226Kanagawa-positive strain, 1226

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, thermally stressedantimetabolite sensitivity, 1035magnesium uptake, 1035

Viral aggregationeffects of salts, 1084quantitation and kinetics, 1079polio- and reoviruses, 1079, 1084

Virus adsorptionby flocs, 360poliovirus and rotavirus, 360

Virus quantificationbuoyant density centrifugation of viral DNA, 690

nuclear polyhedrosis viruses, 690Virus replicationenhancement by commercial emulsifiers, 297

Vitamin B12 productionnon-sugar sources, 971

Volatile sulfidestechnique to detect production, 1216

Wastewater reclamationlime treatment for removal of microorganisms, 663

Water activityextracellular enzyme production by S. aureus, 521

Water bacteriologyproficiency testing, 487

Water contentalteration of environmental salt concentration, 467S. aureus, 467

Water qualityLimulus lysate assay, 376

Waters, testenterovirus concentration, 540

Wild ricefermentation substrate for mycotoxin production,

105Willis and Hobbs' medium

C. perfringens identification, 809

Xylaninclusion in a medium for enumerating rumen bac-

teria, 1008

Yersinia enterocoliticaisolation from raw milk, 54

Yogurt culturesphage infection and penicillin concentration, inter-

action, 1145

Zearalenolcis and trans isomers, uterotropic activity, 986

Zearalenonecis and trans isomers, uterotropic activity, 986

VOL. 35, 1978 Xi

INDEX TO DATE OF ISSUE

Month Date of Issue Pages

January 1 February 1978 1-221February 17 March 1978 223-465March 11 April 1978 467-629April 26 April 1978 631-822May 17 May 1978 823-994June 16 June 1978 995-1237

APPLIED AND

ENVIRONMENTAL

MICROBIOLOGY

VOLUME 35

WASHINGTON, D C 20006

1978

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTALMICROBIOLOGY

VOLUME 35 0 1978

EDITORIAL BOARDMARVIN P. BRYANT, Editor-in-Chief (1981)

University of Illinois, Urbana

R. H. DEIBEL, Editor (1981)University of Wisconsin, MadisonA. L. DEMAIN, Editor (1981)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

MARTIN S. FAVERO, Editor (1980)Centerfor Disease Control, Phoenix, Ariz.

JAMES M. TIEDJE, Editor (1979)Michigan State University, East Lansing

Bernard J. Abbott (1980)Martin Alexander (1980)Milton J. Allison (1980)Ronald Atlas (1980)Richard Bartha (1979)Robert T. Belly (1978)Martha D. Berliner (1980)Jerome Bimbaum (1979)Thomas L. Bott (1980)Charles Boylen (1979)Thomas Brock (1980)Lee A. Bulla, Jr. (1980)Lloyd B. Bullerman (1980)Victor Cabelli (1979)Paul E. Came (1979)William R. Chesbro (1979)Tom D. Y. Chin (1980)Alex Ciegler (1980)Rita R. Colwell (1980)Richard A. Consigli (1979)Charles Cooney (1979)Joseph J. Cooney (1980)Jacob A. Donkersloot (1979)Charles L. Duncan (1979)Richard Elander (1979)

Beatrice England (1980)Jerald C. Ensign (1980)Carl B. Fliermans (1978)Heinz G. Floss (1980)Dennis Focht (1979)Edwin E. Geldreich (1979)John M. Goepfert (1979)Richard E. Goldstrand (1979)Reinaldo F. Gomez (1979)Robert D. Hamilton (1979)Richard S. Hanson (1978)Paul A. Hartman (1980)Melvin T. Hatch (1978)Charles W. Hendricks (1980)Robert B. Hespell (1980)Lillian V. Holdeman (1979)David H. Hubbell (1978)John J. landolo (1980)M. B. Ingle (1979)Holger W. Jannasch (1978)Edward Katz (1979)Donald A. Klein (1978)Michael J. Klug (1980)Roger Knowles (1979)Paul Lemke (1979)Carol Litchfield (1980)

Joseph L. Melnick (1980)Thomas L. Miller (1979)Eldor A. Paul (1980)W. J. Payne (1979)C. A. Reddy (1979)Antonio H. Romano (1980)Dwayne Savage (1979)Oldrich K. Sebek (1980)John McN. Sieburth (1978)Anthony J. Sinskey (1979)Peter Skally (1978)William H. Sperber (1980)James T. Staley (1980)Mortimer P. Starr (1978)Jon H. Tuttle (1980)Carl Vanderzant (1979)Donald Vesley (1978)Claude Vezina (1979)D. I. C. Wang (1978)William J. Wiebe (1980)Fred D. Williams (1980)R. P. Williams (1978)G. N. Wogan (1980)Alan G. Wolin (1980)Meyer J. Wolin (1979)William Votis (1979)

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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, a publication of theAmerican Society for Microbiology, 1913 1 St., N.W., Washing-ton, D.C. 20006, is devoted to the advancement and dissemina-tion of applied knowledge as well as ecological knowledge, bothapplied and fundamental, concerning microorganisms. Instruc-tions to Authors are published in the January issue each year.Applied and Environmental Microbiology is published monthly,two volumes per year. The nonmember subscription price is $70per year. The member subscription price is $16 per year. Singlecopies are $6.00. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, non-receipt ofjournals, reprints, defective copies, availability of backissues, and lost or late proofs should be directed to the ASMPublications Office, 1913 I St., N.W.. Washington, D.C. 20006(area 202-833-9680).

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Volume 35 Contents for January 1978 Number 1

Metabolism, Growth, and Industrial MicrobiologyProduction of Extracellular Enzymes in Mutants Isolated from Trichoderma

viride Unable to Hydrolyze Cellulose. K. M. H. NEVALAiNEN AND E. T.PALVA* ................................................................ 11

Analysis of Bacterial Fermentation Products by Isotachophoresis. J. S. VAN DERHOEVEN,* H. C. M. FRANKEN, P. J. M. CAMP, AND C. W. DELLEBARRE ..... 17

Physiological Response of Neurospora Conidia to Freezing in the Dehydrated,Hydrated, or Germinated State. JAMES L. LEEF AND PETER MAzUR* ...... 72

Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis Spores to the Tobacco Hornworm, Manducasexta. JOHN H. SCHESSER AND LEE A. BULLA, JR.* ...................... 121

High Concentrations of Horse Serum Inhibit Growth of Corn Stunt Spiroplasma.E. C. K. IGWEGBE ...................................................... 146

Catechol and Phenol Degradation by a Methanogenic Population of Bacteria. J.B. HEALY, JR.,.AND L. Y. YOUNG* ....................................... 216

Food Microbiology and ToxicologyIsolation of Yersinia enterocolitica from Raw Milk. D. A. SCHIEMANN* AND S.

TOMA ................................................................. 54Enhancing Nitrite Inhibition of Clostridium botulinum with Isoascorbate in

Perishable Canned Cured Meat. R. B. ToMPKIN,* L. N. CHRISTIANSEN, ANDA. B. SHAPARIS ........................................................ 59

Usefulness of the Stomacher in a Microbiological Regulatory Laboratory. W. H.ANDREWS,* C. R. WIIL5ON, P. L. POELMA, A. ROMERO, R. A. RUDE, A. P.DURAN, F. D. MCCLURE, AND D. E. GENTILE ............................. 89

Differentiation ofSalmonella Serotypes by Pyrolysis-Gas-Liquid Chromatographyof Cell Fragments. B. S. EMswILER* AND A. W. KOTULA ..... ............ 97

Comparison of Miniaturized Multitest Systems with Conventional Methodologyfor Identification of Enterobacteriaceae from Foods. LINDA S. GUTHERTZ*AND RICHARD L. OKOLUK ............................................... 109

Residual Viruses in Pork Products. P. D. McKERcHER,* W. R. HESS, AND F.HAMDY ............................................................... 142

Dulcitol-Malonate-Phenylalanine Agar for the Identification of Salmonella andOther Enterobacteriaceae. SAMUEL ESKENAZI AND ALLAN M. LITTELL* .... 199

Vibrio anguiUarum and Larval Mortality in a California Coastal ShellfishHatchery. Louis H. DISALVO,* JOHN BLECKA, AND RONALD ZEBAL.219

MycotoxinsWild Rice as Fermentation Substrate for Mycotoxin Production. L. A. LINDEN-

FELSER, A. CIEGLER, AND C. W. HESSELTINE*.105New Sensitive Biological Assay for 12,13-Epoxytrichothecenes. T. M. G. SIRI-

WARDANA AND P. LAFONT* .......... ................................... 206

Applied Environmental and Public Health MicrobiologyBreaks Induced in the Deoxyribonucleic Acid of Aerosolized Escherichia coli by

Ozonized Cyclohexane. G. DE MIK* AND IDA DE GROOT ..... ............. 6Structural Factors Influencing the Biodegradation of Imides. D. M. ENNIS,* A.

KRAMER, C. W. JAMESON, P. H. MAZZOCCHI, AND W. J. BAILEY ........... 51Distribution of Autotrophic Nitrifying Bacteria in a Polluted River (the

Passaic). V. A. MATULEWICH AND M. S. FINSTEIN* ..... ................. 67

5Asterisk refers to person to whom inquiries regarding the paper should be addressed.

xv

Persistence ofRhizobiumjaponicum on the Soybean Seed Coat Under ControlledTemperature and Humidity. F. DAVIDSON* AND H. W. REUSZER .... ...... 94

Microbial Transformations of Styrene and ['4C]Styrene in Soil and EnrichmentCultures. M. SIELICKI, D. D. FOCHT, AND J. P. MARTIN* ..... ............ 124

Rapid Enumeration of Fecal Coliforms in Water by a Colorimetric .8-GalactosidaseAssay. L. S. WARREN, R. E. BENOIT,* AND J. A. JESSEE ..... ............ 136

Isolation of Bacteriophage 14-Lysogenized Salmonella from the Freshwater Aquar-ium Snail Ampullaria. KAREN H. BARTLETT,* T. J. TRUST, AND H. LIOR . . 202

Comparison of Andersen Eight-Stage and Two-Stage Viable Air Samplers. S. E.CURTIS,* R. K. BALSBAUGH, AND J. G. DRUMMOND ..... .................. 208

Multichannel Electrochemical Microbial Detection Unit. JUDD R. WILKINS,*RICHARD N. YOUNG, AND ELIZABETH H. BOYKIN ..... ..................... 214

General Microbial EcologyUpper Boundary of the Biosphere. A. A. IMSHENETSKY,* S. V. LYSENKO, AND G.

A. KAZAKOV .......................................................... 1Relative Significance of Exogenous and De Novo Synthesized Fatty Acids in the

Formation of Rumen Microbial Lipids In Vitro. D. I. DEMEYER,* C. HENDER-SON, AND R. A. PRINS.................................................. 24

Role of Heterotrophic Nutrition in Growth of the Alga Scenedesmus obliquus inHigh-Rate Oxidation Ponds. AHARON ABELIOVICH* AND DORITH WEISMAN. 32

Phototrophic Purple and Green Bacteria in a Sewage Treatment Plant. E.SIEFERT,* R. L. IRGENS, AND N. PFENNIG ...... .......................... 38

Regional Variations of Cutaneous Propionibacteria. KENNETH J. MCGINLEY,*GUY F. WEBSTER, AND JAMES J. LEYDEN ...... ........................... 62

Reliable Sampling Method for Analysis of the Ecology of the Human AlimentaryTract. JOAN M. MACY,* IDA YU, CASEY CALDWELL, AND R. E. HUNGATE . . 113

Nitrogen Fixation (Acetylene Reduction) Associated with Roots of Winter Wheatand Sorghum in Nebraska. WAYNE L. PEDERSEN, K. CHAKRABARTY, R. V.KLUCAS,* AND ANNE K. VIDAVER ....... ................................ 129

Adhesion of Bacteria to Epithelial Cell Surfaces Within the Reticulo-Rumen ofCattle. R. P. MCCOWAN, K.-J. CHENG,* C. B. M. BAILEY, AND J. W.COSTERTON ............................................................ 149

Ruminococcus flavefaciens Cell Coat and Adhesion to Cotton Cellulose and toCell Walls in Leaves of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne). M. J. LA-THAM,* B. E. BROOKER, G. L. PETTIPHER, AND P. J. HARRIS ............... 156

Immunolatex Localization by Scanning Electron Microscopy of Intestinal Bacteriafrom Cockroaches. J. W. BRACKE AND A. J. MARKOVET{* .... ............ 166

Effects of Substrate Biodegradability on the Mass and Activity of the AssociatedEstuarine Microbiota. RONALD J. BOBBIE, SUSAN J. MORRISON, AND DAVIDC. WHITE* ............................................................ 179

Isolation and Characterization ofArthrobacter Bacteriophages and Their Applica-tion to Phage Typing of Soil Arthrobacters. D. R. BROWN,* J. G. HOLT, ANDP. A. PATTEE .......................................................... 185

Application of the Fluorescent-Antibody Technique to the Study of a MethanogenicBacterium in Lake Sediments. RICHARD F. STRAYER AND JAMES M. TIEDJE* 192

Identification of Beijerinckia in the High Arctic (Devon Island, Northwest Terri-tories). D. C. JORDAN* AND PATRICIA J. MCNICOL .... ................... 204

Pectolytic Enzymes in Rhizobium. DAVID H. HUBBELL,* VICTOR M. MORALES,AND MERCEDES UMALI-GARCIA...... .................................... 210

XVi CONTENTS

MethodsDiscrimination Between Oral Streptococci by Pyrolysis Gas-Liquid Chromatogra-

phy. M. V. STACK,* HELEN D. DONOGHUE, AND J. E. TYLER ..... ......... 45Compact Liquid Nitrogen Storage System Yielding High Recoveries of Gram-

Negative Anaerobes. M. N. GILMOUR,* G. TURNER, R. G. BERMAN, AND A.K. KRENZER ........................................................... 84

Large-Scale Production and Concentration of Infectious Esptein-BarrVirus. FREDERICK KLEIN,* JOHN F. ROSENSTEEL, RAYMOND M. HUMMER,ELIZABETH A. HILLMAN, CHARLES W. RIGGS, AND LEIGH J. CHARMELLA .... 171

Volume 35 Contents for February 1978 Number2

Metabolism, Growth, and Industrial MicrobiologySelective Enrichment ofAromatic Amino Acid Auxotrophs inHansenula polymor-

pha. S. SANCHEZ,* A. CEA, AND M. E. FLOREs ...... .................... 228Construction of a Urocanic Acid-Producing Strain of Serratia marcescens by

Transduction. MASAHIKO KIsUMI, NORIYUKI NAKANISHI, TsUTOMU TAKAGI,AND ICHIRO CHIBATA* ................. ................................. 231

Metabolism of Di- and Mono-n-Butyl Phthalate by Soil Bacteria. G. ENGELHARDTAND P. R. WALLNOFER* .............. .................................. 243

Studies on the Differential Inhibition by Azide on the Nitrite/Nitrous Oxide Levelof Denitrification. ELLEN SIDRANSKY, BERT WALTER, AND THOMAS C. HoL-LOCHER* .............................................................. 247

Purification and Some Properties of Riboflavin Synthetase from Bacillus stearo-thermophilus ATCC 8005. YUZURU SUZUKI,* YOSHINORI TERAI, AND SHIGEOABE .............................................................. 258

Formation of Glycosidases in Batch and Continuous Culture of Bacteroidesfragilis. JAN-OLOF BERG, CARL-ERIK NoRD,* AND TORKEL WADSTROM ..... 269

Nutritional Requirements of Selenomonas ruminantium for Growth on Lactate,Glycerol, or Glucose. B. LINEHAN, C. C. SCHEIFINGER, AND M. J. WoLIN. . 317

Estimation of Fermentation Biomass Concentration by Measuring Culture Fluo-rescence. D. W. ZABRISIUE* AND A. E. HUMPHREY ....................... 337

Cometabolism of DDT Analogs by a Pseudomonas sp. A. J. FRANCIs, R. J.SPANGGORD,* G. I. OUCHI, AND N. BOHONOS ....... ...................... 364

Production of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus in Cells Grown on ArtificialCapillaries. ANNA D. JOHNSON,* GERALD A. EDDY, J. DAVID GANGEMI,HELEN H. RAMSBURG, AND JOSEPH F. METZGER ...... .................... 431

Tryptophan Excretion by a Bradytroph of Hansenula polymorpha Growing inMethanol. S. SANCHEZ AND A. L. DEMAIN* ....... ...................... 459

Food Microbiology and ToxicologyIdentification of Enterotoxigenic Staphylococci from Sheep and Sheep Cheese. V.

HAJEK ................................................................ 264Clear, Defined Medium for the Sporulation of Clostridium perfringens. L. E.

SACKS* AND P. A. THOMPSON .......... ................................. 405Observations on Toxin and Hemagglutinin Produced by Clostridium botulinum

Type C. KEIJI OGUMA,* AKIo NAKANE, AND HIROO IIDA ..... ............ 462

MycotoxinsProduction of Penicillic Acid and Patulin by an Atypical Penicillium roqueforti

Isolate. F. J. OLIVIGNI AND L. B. BULLERMAN* ...... ................... 435

x*iiCONTENTS

Applied Environmental and Public Health MicrobiologyEffect of Chlorine Substitution on the Biodegradability of Polychlorinated Biphen-

yls. KENSUKE FURUKAWA,* KENZO TONOMURA, AND AKIRA KAMIBAYASHI . 223Membrane Filter Procedure for Enumeration of Candida albicans in Natural

Waters. JOHN D. BUCK* AND PATRICIA M. BUBUCIS ... .................. 237Survival and Resistance of Trichophyton mentagrophytes Arthrospores. TADAYO

HASHIMOTO* AND HAROLD J. BLUMENTHAL............................... 274Airborne Enteric Bacteria and Viruses from Spray Irrigation with Wastewater. B.

TELTSCH AND E. KATZENELSON*......................................... 290Enhanced Virus Replication in Mammalian Cells Exposed to Commercial Emul-

sifiers. KENNETH R. ROZEE,* SPENCER H. S. LEE, JOHN F. S. CROCKER, ANDSTEPHEN H. SAFE.297

Microbial Transformation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Pristine andPetroleum-Contaminated Sediments. S. E. HERBES* AND L. R. SCHWALL . . 306

Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Growth and Respiration of HeterotrophicMarine Bacteria. RICHARD P. BLAKEMORE* AND ANNE E. CAREY ......... 323

Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Macromolecular Synthesis by a Hetero-trophic Marine Bacteriumn. RICHARD P. BLAKEMORE .................... ;329

Hydrocarbon Biodegradation in Hypersaline Environments. DAVID M. WARD*AND T. D. BROCK.................................................. 353

Comparison Between Adsorption of Poliovirus and Rotavirus by AluminumHydroxide and Activated Sludge Flocs. SAMUEL R. FARRAH,* SAGAR M.GoYAL, CHARLES P. GERBA, RICHARD H. CONKLIN, AND ERIC M. SMrrH .... 360

Resistance of Pathogenic Naegleria to Some Common Physical and ChemicalAgents. SHIH-LU CHANG.368

Rapid Determination of Bacteriological Water Quality by Using LimulusLysate. T. M. EVANS, J. E. SCHILLINGER,* AND D. G. STUART... ......... 376

Growth of Heterotrophic Bacteria and Algal Extracellular Products in OligotrophicWaters. GORDON A. MCFETERS,* SIDNEY A. STUART, AND SusAN B. OLSoN 383

Significance of Low-Temperature Growth Associated with the Fecal ColiformResponse, Indole Production, and Pectin Liquefaction in Klebsiella. LAURIEG. NAEMURA AND RAMON J. SEIDLER* ....... ............................ 392

Method for Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate Measurement on Coke Waste ActivatedSludge. JAMES RUSSELL AND JOSEPH J. GAUTHIER* ..... ................. 450

General Microbial EcologyRecovery of Poly-,8-Hydroxybutyrate from Estuarine Microflora. JEAN S. HER-

RON, JOHN D. KING, AND DAVID C. WHITE* ...... ........................ 251Denitrification and Ammonia Formation in Anaerobic Coastal Sediments. ISAO

KOIKE AND AKIHIKO HATTORI* ......... ................................. 278Isolation and Properties of Fecal Proteins and Fecal Alkaline Phosphatase from

Germfree and Conventional Rats. MAsATOSHI NAKANO,* YUKIKO SUMI, ANDMASASUMI MIYAKAWA ............. .................................... 283

Capacity for Denitrification and Reduction of Nitrate to Ammonia in a CoastalMarine Sediment. JAN SORENSEN ........ .............................. 301

Methane, Carbon Dioxide, and Hydrogen Sulfide Production from the TerminalMethiol Group of Methionine by Anaerobic Lake Sediments. S. H. ZINDERAND T. D. BROCK*...................................................... 344

Comparison of Light and Electron Microscopic Determinations of the Number ofBacteria and Algae in Lake Water. KERSTIN LAR8SON, CLAES WEIBULL,*AND GERTRUD CRONBERG ............. .................................. 397

xviii CONTENTS

Distribution of Methylomonas methanica and Methylosinus trichosporium inCleveland Harbor as Determined by an Indirect Fluorescent Antibod-Mem-brane Filter Technique. Wn TAM M. REED AND PATRICK R. DUGAN ...... 422

Colonial Variation, Capsule Formation, and Bacteriophage Resistance in Bacte-roides thetaiotaomicron. SHARON BURT, SHEILA MELDRUM, D. R. WOODS,*AND D. T. JONES ........................................................ 439

Spatial Relationship of the Genital Microflora to the Vaginal Epithelium ofFemale Rats: Transmission Electron Microscopy. BRYAN LARSEN,* A. J.MARKOVETZ, AND R. P. GALASK .......... ............................... 444

Respiration Correction for Microbial Heterotrophic Activity Assays That UseTritium-Labeled Substrates. ALAN S. DIETZ AND LAWRENCE J. ALBRIGHT* 456

MethodsRestriction Endonuclease Analysis for the Identification of Baculovirus Pesti-

cides. LOIs K. MILLER* AND KATHERINE P. DAWES ...... ................ 411Determination ofFatty Acid Compositions ofBacillus cereus and Related Bacteria:

a Rapid Gas Chromatographic Method Using a Glass Capillary Column. A.NISKANEN,* T. KIUTAMo, S. RAISANEN, AND M. RAEVUORI ..... ........... 453

Errata

Macromolecule Synthesis ofEscherichia coli BB at a Lower or Transient GrowthState, TATSURO SAWADA, TETsUJI CHOHJI, AND SIGERU KUNo ..... ........ 465

Double-Stranded Ribonucleic Acid in Viruses ofPenicillium citrinum. ROMUALDOBENIGNI, GIUSEPPE IGNAZZITO, AND LAURA VOLTERRA ..... ............... 465

Volume 35 Contents for March 1978 Number3

Metabolism, Growth, and Industrial MicrobiologyAdaptational Change in Proline and Water Content of Staphylococcus aureus

After Alteration of Environmental Salt Concentration. IZUMI KOUJIMA, H.HAYASHI,* K. TOMOCHIKA, A. OKABE, AND Y. KANEMASA ..... ............ 467

Pilot-Scale Semisolid Fermentation of Straw. GLEN A. GRANT,* YOUN W. HAN,AND A. W. ANDERSON ................. ................................. 549

Microbial Transformations of Natural Antitumor Agents: Oxidation of Lapacholby Penicillium notatum. SHAREE OTTEN AND JOHN P. ROSAZZA* ..... ..... 554

Characteristics of the Constituent Substrains of Bacillus popilliae Growing inBatch and Continuous Cultures. E. S. SHARPE AND LEE A. BULLA, JR..... 601

Food Microbiology and ToxicologyEffect of Lactose Concentration on the Efficiency of Plating of Bacteriophages on

Streptococcus cremoris. ERIC A. TERZAGHI* AND BETTY E. TERZAGHI ...... 471

Recovery of Sublethally Heat-Injured Salmonella typhimurium on SupplementedPlating Media. J. Y. D'AousT ......... ................................ 483

Improved Microbiological Assay Procedures for Dihydrostreptomycin Residues inMilk and Dairy Products. JEAN M. INGLIS AND STANLEY E. KATZ* ........ 517

Influence of Water Activity on the Production of Extracellular Enzymes byStaphylococcus aureus. J. A. TROLLER* AND J. V. STINSON ..... .......... 521

Relation Between Radiation Resistance and Salt Sensitivity of Spores of FiveStrains ofClostridium botulinum types A, B, and E. I. KIss, C. 0. RHEE, N.GRECZ,* T. A. ROBERTS, AND J. FARKAS ........ ......................... 533

XiXCONTENTS

Improved Lysis of Group N Streptococci for Isolation and Rapid Characterizationof Plasmid Deoxyribonucleic Acid. T. R. KLAENHAMMER,* L. L. McKAY,AND K. A. BALDWIN ............... .................................... 592

Incidence of Airborne Aspergillus flavus Spores in Cornfields of Five States. R.J. BOTHAST,* L. R. BEUCHAT, B. S. EMSWILER, M. G. JOHNSON, AND M. D.PIERSON .............................................................. 627

MycotoxinsProduction of Luteoskyrin and Isolation of a New Metabolite, Pibasterol, from

Penicillium islandicum Sopp. ANIL C. GHOSH, AWINASH MANMADE, BRUN-HILDE KOBBE, JAMES M. TOWNSEND, AND ARNOLD L. DEMAIN* .... ........ 563

Applied Environmental and Public Health MicrobiologySimple Bacterial Preservation Medium and Its Application to Proficiency Testing

in Water Bacteriology. M. H. BRODSKY,* B. W. CIEBIN, AND D. A. SCHIE-MANN ............................................................ 487

Distribution of the Genus Leptospira in Soil and Water. R. A. HENRY AND R. C.JOHNSON* ............................................................ 492

Concentration of Enteroviruses from Large Volumes of Tap Water, TreatedSewage, and Seawater. CHARLES P. GERBA,* SAMUEL R. FARRAH, SAGAR M.GOYAL, CRAIG WALLIS, AND JOSEPH L. MELNICK ...... .................... 540

Gentamicin-Based Medium for the Isolation of Group D Streptococci and Applica-tion of the Medium to Water Analysis. L. SCoTT DONNELLY AND PAUL A.HARTMAN* ........................................................... 576

Evaluation of Thermal Disinfection Procedures for Hydrophilic ContactLenses. STEPHEN C. BUSSCHAERT,* ROBERT C. GOOD, AND JOHN SZABOCSIK 618

Concentration of Poliovirus from Tap Water onto Membrane Filters with Alumi-num Chloride at Ambient pH Levels. SAMUEL R. FARRAH, SAGAR M. GOYAL,CHARLES P. GERBA, CRAIG WALLIS, AND JOSEPH L. MELNICK* .... ......... 624

General Microbial EcologyMaintenance of a Certain Rumen Protozoal Population in a Continuous In Vitro

Fermentation System. FUMINORI NAKAMURA AND YASUSHI KURIHARA* ... 500Bacterial and Spontaneous Dehalogenation of Organic Compounds. T. OMORI

AND M. ALEXANDER*.................................................... 512Changes in Photosynthetic Rate and Pigment Content of Blue-Green Algae in

Lake Mendota. ALLAN KONOPKA* AND THOMAS D. BROCK ..... ........... 527Reduction of Azo Dyes by Intestinal Anaerobes. KING-THOM CHUNG,* GEORGE E.

FULK, AND MARY EGAN................................................ 558Biological Dinitrogen Fixation (Acetylene Reduction) Associated with Florida

Mangroves. D. A. ZUBERER AND W. S. SILVER* ...... ................... 567Bacteria Associated with the Gastric Epithelium of Neonatal Pigs. R. FULLER,*

P. A. BARROW, AND B. E. BROOKER ........ ............................. 582Isolation and Cultivation of Spirochetes and Other Spiral-Shaped Bacteria Asso-

ciated with the Cecal Mucosa of Rats and Mice. ADRIAN LEE* AND MICHAELPHILLIPS .............................................................. 610

Improved Enrichment and Isolation Procedures for Obtaining Pure Cultures ofBeggiatoa. SHERIL D. BURTON* AND JOHN D. LEE ..... .................. 614

MethodsRapid Test for the Serological Separation ofStaphylococci from Micrococci. PETER

H. SEIDL* AND KARL H. SCHLEIFER ...................................... 479

CONTENTSxx

Computer-Assisted Identification ofAnaerobic Bacteria. ROGER W. KELLEY* ANDSCOTT T. KELLOGG..................................................... 507

Simple Procedure for Disruption of Fungal Spores. JAMES L. VAN ETTEN* ANDSHELBY N. FREER ...................................................... 622

ErratumEffects of Lysine Analogs on Penicillium chrysogenum. C. G. FRIEDRICH AND A.

L. DEMAIN ............................................................ 629

Volume 35 Contents for April 1978 Number4

Metabolism, Growth, and Industrial MicrobiologyProduction of Trypsin Inhibitor by a Cephalosporium sp. KATSUMI TsUCHIYA*

AND TETsU KIMURA..................................................... 631Bacterial Oxidation of Polyethylene Glycol. FUSAKO KAWAI,* TAKUHEI KIMURA,

MASAHIRO FUKAYA, YOSHIKI TANI, KOICHI OGATA, TAMio UENO, AND HIROSHIFUKAMI ............................................................... 679

Hydrogen Production byAnabaena cylindrica: Effects ofVaryingAmmonium andFerric Ions, pH, and Light. THOMAS W. JEFFRIES, HECTOR TIMOURIAN,* ANDRAYMOND L. WARD..................................................... 704

Regiospecific Synthesis ofIsoapocodeine from 10,11-Dimethoxyaporphine by UsingCunninghamella elegans. ROBERT V. SMITH* AND PATRICK J. DAVIS ....... 738

Immobilization of Aspergillus Beta-Glucosidase on Chitosan. FRANK BIssETTAND DAVID STERNBERG* ................................................ 750

Physiology of L-Asparaginase Synthesis in Recombinants of Escherichia coli A-1. W. R. BARNES, G. R. VELA, AND G. L. DORN* ...... ................... 766

Catabolism of 2,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic Acid and 3-Methoxycrotonic Acid. YAO-LING T. LEE, VELTA L. SPARNINS, AND STANLEY DAGLEY* ..... ............. 817

Food Microbiology and ToxicologyTemperature-Sensitive Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Variable in the

Methionine Content of Their Protein. HARuo MOMOSE AND KENNETH F.GREGORY* ............................................................. 641

Molds on Vegetables at the Time of Harvest. TERESA A. WEBB AND J. ORVINMuNDT* .............................................................. 655

Reduction of Lactic Acid, Nonprotein Nitrogen, and Ash in Lactic Acid Whey byCandida ingens Culture. LEONARD P. RuIz, JR.,* JOAN C. GURNSEY, ANDJOHN L. SHORT ........................................................ 771

Plasmids, Lactic Acid Production, and N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine Fermentation inLactobacillus helveticus subsp. jugurti. MARTIN B. SMILEY* AND VINCENTFRYDER .............................................................. 777

Osmotically Induced Increase in Thermal Resistance of Heat-Sensitive, DipicolinicAcid-Less Spores ofBBacillus cereus Ht-8. K. BHOTHIPAKSA AND F. F. BUSTA* 800

New Modification of Willis and Hobbs' Method for Identification of Clostridiumperfringens. ANTONIO M. SERRAUNO AND I. S. SCHNEIDER* ..... ............ 809

Method for Sampling Beef Carcasses. CHARLES M. DAVIDSON,* MARY TAYLOR,AND GABOR G. ZELLERMAN ............ .................................. 811

Plating Procedure for the Enumeration of Coliforms from Dairy Products. B.RAY* AND M. L. SPECK .............. ................................... 820

XXiCONTENTS

MycotoxinsAcute Toxicity of12,13-Epoxytrichothecenes in One-Day-Old Broiler Chicks. M.

S. CHI,*T. S. ROBISON, C. J. MIROCHA, AND K. R. REDDY .... .............. 636Lack of Mutagenicity to Salmonella typhimurium of Some Fusarium

Mycotoxins. F. C. WEHNER,* W. F. 0. MARASAS, AND P. G. THIEL......... 659PR Toxin Production in Different Penicillium roqueforti Strains. RU-DONG WEI*

AND GAI-XUONG Liu.................................................... 797Applied Environmental and Public Health Microbiology

Role of Lime Treatment in the Removal of Bacteria, Enteric Viruses, andColiphages in a Wastewater Reclamation Plant. W. 0. K. GRABOW,* IRMELAG. MIDDENDORFF, AND NERINE C. BAsSON ...... .......................... 663

Role of Sediment in the Persistence of Enteroviruses in the Estuarine Environ-ment. ERIC M. SMITH, CHARLES P. GERBA, AND JOSEPH L. MELNICK* ...... 685

Growth of Prototheca Isolates on n-Hexadecane and Mixed-Hydrocarbon Sub-strate. JOHN D. WALKER* AND R. SCOTT PORE ..... ...................... 694

Biocidal Properties of Anti-Icing Additives for Aircraft Fuels. R. A. NEIHOF* ANDC. A. BAILEY .......................................................... 698

Use of Fecal Streptococci as Indicators of Pollution in Soil. H. J. KIBBEY, C.HAGEDORN,* AND E. L. McCoY ......... ................................. 711

Response of Terrestrial Microorganisms to a Simulated Martian Envi-ronment. TERRY L. FOSTER,* L. WINANS, JR., R. C. CASEY, AND L. E.KIRSCHNER ............................................................ 730

General Microbial EcologyChanges in Proportions of Acetate and Carbon Dioxide Used as Methane Precur-

sors During the Anaerobic Digestion of Bovine Waste. D. 0. MOUNTFORT*AND R. A. ASHER...................................................... 648

Nonsporing, Anaerobic, Gram-Positive Rods in Saliva and the Gingival Crevice ofHumans. B. SANYAL AND C. RUSSELL* ....... ........................... 670

Effects of Low Concentrations of Bisulfite-Sulfite and Nitrite on Micro-organisms. RICHARD S. WODZINSKI, DAVID P. LABEDA, AND MARTIN ALEX-ANDER* .............................................................. 718

Effect of the Spartina alterniflora Root-Rhizome System on Salt Marsh SoilDenitrifying Bacteria. B. F. SHERR AND W. J. PAYNE* ..... .............. 724

Use of Extractable Adenosine Triphosphate to Estimate the Viable Cell Mass inDental Plaque Samples Obtained from Monkeys. STANLEY A. ROBRISH,*CHRISTOPHER W. KEMP, AND WILLIAM H. BOWEN ..... .................... 743

Evaluation of the Accuracy and Precision of Enumerating Aerobic Heterotrophs inWater Samples by the Spread Plate Method. JAMES B. KAPER, AARON L.MILLS, AND RITA R. COLWELL* .......... ................................ 756

Bacteria Isolated from the Duodenum, Ileum, and Cecum of Young Chicks. J. P.SALANITRO,* I. G. BLAKE, P. A. MUIRHEAD, M. MAGLIO, AND J. R. GOODMAN 782

Interactions Between the Diatom Thallasiosira pseudonanna and an AssociatedPseudomonad in a Mariculture System. KATHERINE H. BAKER* AND DIANES. HERSON ............................................................ 791

MethodsQuantification ofTwo Viruses in Technical Preparations ofOrgyia pseudotsugata

Baculovirus by Means of Buoyant Density Centrifugation of Viral Deoxyribo-nucleic Acid. G. F. ROHRMANN,* M. E. MARTIGNONI, AND G. S. BEAUDREAU 690

Use of Ethanol for Selective Isolation of Sporeforming Microorganisms. JACK R.KORANSKY, STEPHEN D. ALLEN, AND V. R. DOWELL, JR.*..... 762

xxii CONTENTS

Chemiluminescent Detection of Bacteria: Experimental and TheoreticalLimits. CAROL A. MILLER* AND PAUL 0. VOGELHUT ...................... 813

Volume 35 Contents for May 1978 Number 5

Metabolism, Growth, and Industrial MicrobiologyThreonine Production by Regulatory Mutants of Serratia marcescens. SABURO

KOMATSUBARA,* MASAHIKO KIsuMI, KOUSAKU MURATA, AND ICHIRO CHIBATA 834

Production of Branched-Chain Volatile Fatty Acids by Certain Anaerobic Bacte-ria. MILTON J. ALLISON ........... .................................... 872

Growth Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans and Leuconostoc mesenteroides bySodium Fluoride and Ionic Tin. K. G. YOST* AND P. J. VANDEMARK ....... 920

Anaerobic Utilization of Phosphite and Hypophosphite by Bacillus sp. T. L.FOSTER,* L. WINANS, JR., AND S. J. S. HELMS ............................ 937

Utilization of Non-Sugar Sources for Vitamin B12 Production. TADASHI KAMI-KUBO, MITSUNORI HAYASHI, NAOMICHI NISHIO,* AND SHIRO NAGIA .... ..... 971

Superoxide Dismutase in Anaerobes: a Survey. EUGENE M. GREGORY,* W. E. C.MOORE, AND LILLIAN V. HOLDEMAN ...................................... 988

Food Microbiology and ToxicologyEffect of Prior Refrigeration on Botulinal Outgrowth in Perishable Canned Cured

Meat When Temperature Abused. R. B. TOMPKIN,* L. N. CHRISTIANSEN,AND A. B. SHAPARIS.................................................... 863

Affinity Chromatography Purification of Type A Botulinum Neurotoxin fromCrystalline Toxic Complex. L. J. MOBERG AND H. SUGIYAMA* .... ......... 878

Particle Nature, Yeast Strain, and Temperature Interactions on the FermentationRates of Grape Juice. C. S. OUGH* AND M. L. GROAT ..... ................ 881

Causes of Variation in Botulinal Inhibition in Perishable Canned Cured Meat. R.B. TOMPKIN,* L. N. CHRISTIANSEN, AND A. B. SHAPARIS ..... .............. 886

Control of Nonspecific Staining in the Fluorescent Antibody Technique for theDetection of Salmonellae in Foods. B. SWAMINATHAN,* J. C. AYRES, AND J.E. WILLIAMS.......................................................... 911

Bacterial Sampling Techniques on Beef, Pork, and Lamb Adipose Tissue. B. W.BERRY,* A. L. JOSEPH, AND A. Ai-TI CHEN ............................... 978

MycotoxinsAnthraquinones in the Biosynthesis of Sterigmatocystin by Aspergillus versi-

color. DENNIS P. H. HsIEH,* RAJENDRA SINGH, RAYMOND C. YAO, AND J.W. BENNETT........................................................... 980

Uterotropic Activity of cis and trans Isomers of Zearalenone and Zearalenol. C.J. MIROCHA,* S. V. PATHRE, J. BEHRENS, AND BETH SCHAUERHAMER ....... 986

Analysis of Deoxynivalenol from Cultures ofFusarium Species. S. V. PATHRE*AND C. J. MIROCHA ............... ..................................... 992

Applied Environmental and Public Health Microbiology"Bactericidal" Property of Seawater: Death or Debilitation? LINDA L. DAWE AND

WILLIAM R. PENROSE* ............. ..................................... 829Inhibition of Light-Induced pH Increase and 02 Evolution of Marine Microalgae

by Water-Soluble Components of Crude and Refined Oils. JAMES E. ARM-STRONG* AND JOHN A. CALDER ......... ................................. 858

CONTENTS xxiii

Bacterial Dehalogenation of Halogenated Alkanes and Fatty Acids. T. OMORIAND M. ALEXANDER*.................................................... 867

Kinetics of Biodegradation of p-Nitrobenzoate and Inhibition by Benzoate in aPseudomonad. HELEN D. HALLER* AND R. K. FINN ..... ................. 890

Distribution of Hydrocarbon-Utilizing Microorganisms and Hydrocarbon Biodeg-radation Potentials in Alaskan Continental Shelf Areas. GEORGE ROUBALAND RONALD M. ATLAS* ............. ................................... 897

Inactivation ofBacillus thuringiensis Spores by Ultraviolet and Visible Light. V.M. GRIEGO AND K. D. SPENCE* .......... ................................ 906

Cultural and Environmental Factors Affecting the Longevity of Escherichia coliin Histosols. ROBERT L. TATE III ........ ............................... 925

Identification of Biotransformation Products from 2,4-Dinitrotoluene. NEIL G.MCCORMICK,* JOHN H. CORNELL, AND ARTHUR M. KAPLAN ..... ........... 945

Microbial Transformation of "4C-Labeled 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene in an Activated-Sludge System. DAVID F. CARPENTER, NEIL G. MCCORMICK, JOHN H.CORNELL, AND ARTHUR M. KAPLAN * ..................................... 949

Suggested Procedure Allowing Use of Plastic Petri Dishes in BacteriocinTyping. A. BAUERNFEIND* AND J. R. BURROWS ...... .................... 970

Practical Method for Detecting Poliovirus in Anaerobic Digester Sludge. J.STEVEN GLASS, ROBERT J. VAN SLUIS, AND WILLIAM A. YANKO* .... ........ 983

General Microbial EcologyBacteria from the Gut of Australian Termites. M. L. EUTICK, R. W. O'BRIEN,*

AND M. SLAYTOR........................................................ 823Enumeration and Isolation of Anaerobic Microbiota of Piggery Wastes. SIERK F.

SPOELSTRA ............................................................ 841Three-Year Investigation of the Natural Airborne Bacterial Flora at Four Locali-

ties in Sweden. AKE BOVALLIUS, BENGT BUCHT, ROGER ROFFEY, AND PERANAS* ................................................................ 847

Simultaneous Determinations of Nitrification and Nitrate Reduction in CoastalSediments by a 15N Dilution Technique. ISAO KOIKE* AND AKIHIKO HATTORI 853

Heterotrophic Bacteria Present in Hindguts of Wood-Eating Termites [Reticuli-termes flavipes (Kollar)]. J. E. SCHULTZ AND JOHN A. BREZNAK* .... ...... 930

Pathway of Degradation of Nitrilotriacetate by a Pseudomonas Species. MARYK. FIRESTONE AND JAMES M. TIEDJE* ........ ............................ 955

Isolation and Properties of Fungi That Lyse Blue-Green Algae. K. REDHEAD*AND S. J. L. WRIGHT................................................... 962

MethodsSafe, Convenient, Portable Pipettor. J. R. SONGER ...... ..................... 974Rapid Sampling Culture Chamber. ANNE E. CAREY* AND BRIAN W. SCHROEDER 976

Volume 35 Contents for June 1978 Number6

Metabolism, Growth, and Industrial MicrobiologyInclusion of Xylan in a Medium for the Enumeration of Total Culturable Rumen

Bacteria. PENELOPE A. HENNING* AND A. E. VAN DER WALT .... ......... 1008Lignocellulose Decomposition by Selected Streptomyces Strains. DON L. CRAW-

FORD .................................................................. 1041

XXiV CONTENTS

CONTENTS ~~~~~xxv

Extracellular Accumulation of a New Amino Acid, 0-2-Hydroxypropylhomoserine,from 1,2-Propanediol by Flavobacterium rigense. SHIGEKI YAMADA,* KOICHINABE, TOSHIHIKO UJIMARU, NOBUHIKO IZUO, AND ICHIRO CHIBATA .... ..... 1046

Transduction in Bacillus thuringiensis. CURTIS B. THORNE ..... .............. 1109Reversal of the Silver Inhibition of Microorganisms by Agar. RICHARD C.

TILTON* AND BERNARD ROSENBERG ....... ............................... 1116Simple Method for the Isolation of Astaxanthin from the Basidiomycetous Yeast

Phaffia rhodozyma. ERIC A. JOHNSON, TOMAS G. VILLA, MICHAEL J. LEWIS,AND HERMAN J. PHAFF* ........... ..................................... 1155

Sulfide Oxidation by Spheroplasts of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. TATSUO TANOAND DONALD LUNDGREN* .......... ..................................... 1198

Accumulation ofl-trans-2,3-Epoxysuccinic Acid and Succinic Acid by Paecilomycesvarioti; E. T. M. LING, J. T. DIBBLE, M. R. HOUSTON, L. B. LOCKWOOD,*AND L. P. ELLIOTT...................................................... 1213

Intermittent Illumination Increases Biophotolytic Hydrogen Yield by Anabaenacylindrica. THOMAS W. JEFFRIES* AND KAY L. LEACH .... ................ 1228

Food Microbiology and ToxicologyVirus Accumulation by the Rock Oyster Crassostrea glomerata. ANNE J. BED-

FORD, GILLIAN WILLIAMS, AND A. R. BELLAMY* ..... ...................... 1012Antimetabolite Sensitivity and Magnesium Uptake by Thermally Stressed Vibrio

parahaemolyticus. J. J. HEINIS, L. R. BEUCHAT,* AND F. C. BOSWELL ..... 1035Method for the Detection of Injured Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Seafoods. B.

RAY,* SANDRA M. HAWKINS, AND CAMERON R. HACKNEY .... .............. 1121Interaction of Bacteriophage Infection and Low Penicillin Concentrations on the

Performance of Yogurt Cultures. WALTER M. VERHUE .... ................ 1145Survival of a Salmonella typhimurium Experimental Contaminant During Cook-

ing of Beef Roasts. L. C. BLANKENSHIP ...... ........................... 1160Rapid Qualitative Method for Detecting Staphylococcal Nuclease in Foods. A.

KOUPAL AND R. H. DEIBEL* ........ ..................................... 1193Use of [14C]Lysine to Detect Microbial Contamination in Liquid Foods. P.

MAFART,* C. BOURGEOIS, B. DUTEURTRE, AND M. MOLL .... ................ 1211Detection of Volatile Sulfide-Producing Bacteria Isolated from Poultry-Processing

Plants. T. A. MCMEEKIN,* P. A. GIBBS, AND J. T. PATTERSON ... .......... 1216Antiviral Effect of Commercial Juices and Beverages. JACK KONOWALCHUK*

AND JOAN I. SPEIRS.................................................... 1219Isolation of an Enteropathogenic, Kanagawa-Positive Strain of Vibrio parahae-

molyticus from Seafood Implicated in Acute Gastroenteritis. GEORGE T.SPITE, DAVID F. BROWN, AND ROBERT M. TWEDT* ......................... 1226

Comparison of Selective Media for Coagulase-Positive Enterotoxigenic Staphylo-coccus aureus. AIMo NISKANEN* AND MAURI AALTO .... ................. 1223

MycotoxinsComparison of the Toxicities of Patulin and Patulin Adducts Formed with

Cysteine. SEPPO LINDROTH* AND ATTE VON WRIGHT.... .................. 1003Production of Cyclochlorotine and a New Metabolite, Simatoxin, by Penicillium

islandicum Sopp. ANIL C. GHOSH,* AWINASH MANMADE, JAMES M. TOWN-SEND, ANN BOUSQUET, JOHN F. HowEs, AND ARNOLD L. DEMAIN ... ........ 1074

Detection of Mutagens Produced by Fungi with the Salmonella typhimuriumAssay. L. F. BJELDANES,* G. W. CHANG, AND S. V. THOMSON ............. 1150

CONTENTS xxv

Applied Environmental and Public Health MicrobiologyDistribution ofRibonucleic Acid Coliphages in South and East Asia. K. FURUSE,*

T. SAKURAI, A. HIRASHIMA, M. KATSUKI, A. ANDO, AND I. WATANABE ...... 995Airborne Bacteria in an Urban Environment. Rocco L. MANCINELLI* AND

WELLS A. SHULLS...................................................... 1095Method for Correcting Laboratory Model Deep-Well Disposal System Data for

Hydrostatic Pressure Effects. E. HORVATH AND G. H. ELKAN* ............. 1221

General Microbial EcologyThermophilic Methanogenesis in a Hot-Spring Algal-Bacterial Mat (71 to

300C). DAVID M. WARD ............ .................................... 1019Effect of Sulfur-Containing Compounds on Anaerobic Degradation of Cellulose to

Methane by Mixed Cultures Obtained from Sewage Sludge. A. W. KHAN*AND T. M. TROTTIER ........................................... .. 1027

Phytoplankton Uptake and Excretion of Assimilated Nitrate in a Small CanadianShield Lake. Y. K. CHAN* AND N. E. R. CAMPBELL ....... ............... 1052

Influence of Ammonium Chloride on the Nitrogenase Activity of Nodulated PeaPlants (Pisum sativum). F. HOUWAARD ............................... 1061

Antagonism Among the Normal Anaerobic Bacteria of the Mouse GastrointestinalTract Determined by Immunofluorescence. RODNEY D. BERG ..... ......... 1066

Viral Aggregation: Quantitation and Kinetics ofthe Aggregation of Poliovirus andReovirus. ROGER FLOYD AND D. G. SHARP* ....... ....................... 1079

Viral Aggregation: Effects of Salts on the Aggregation of Poliovirus and Reovirusat Low pH. ROGER FLOYD AND D. G. SHARP* ...... ...................... 1084

Survival of Bacillus licheniformis on Human Skin. D. J. BIBEL,* D. J. LOVELL,AND R. J. SMILJANIC ................................................... 1128

Interactions of Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 10716 and Normal Flora of HumanSkin. D. J. BIBEL,* R. J. SMILJANIC, AND D. J. LOVELL ..... .............. 1136

Adhesion of Bacteroides succinogenes in Pure Culture and in the Presence ofRuminococcus flavefaciens to Cell Walls in Leaves of Perennial Ryegrass(Lolium perenne). M. J. LATHAM,* B. E. BROOKER, G. L. PETTIPHER, ANDP. J. HARRIS.......................................................... 1166

Studies on an Acetate-Fermenting Strain of Methanosarcina. ROBERT A. MAH,*MICHAEL R. SMrrH, AND LARRY BARESI .................................. 1174

Methanogenesis from Acetate: a Nonmethanogenic Bacterium from an AnaerobicAcetate Enrichment. DAVID M. WARD, ROBERT A. MAH,* AND ISAAC R.KAPLAN ............................................................... 1185

Long-Range Air Transmission of Bacteria. AKE BOVALLIUS, BENGT BUCHT,ROGER ROFFEY, AND PER ANAS* ......... ................................ 1231

MethodsElectrophoretic Protein Patterns and Enzyme Mobilities in Anaerobic Coryne-

forms. CYNTHIA S. GROSS, DONALD A. FERGUSON, JR., AND CECIL S. CUM-MINS* .......................................... 1102

Restriction Endonuclease Analysis to Distinguish Two Closely Related NuclearPolyhedrosis Viruses: Autographa californica MNPV and Trichoplusia niMNPV. LOIS K. MILLER* AND KATHERINE P. DAWES ....... .............. 1206

Induction of Colonial Growth and Replica Plating of the White Rot BasidiomycetePhanaerochaete chrysosporium. MICHAEL H. GOLD* AND THERESE M.CHENG.......................................... 1223

XXVi CONTVENTS

CONTENTS xxvii

ErrataRuminococcus flavefaciens Cell Coat and Adhesion to Cotton Cellulose and to Cell

Walls in Leaves of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne). M. J. LATHAM, B.E. BROOKER, G. L. PETTIPHER, AND P. J. HARRIS ...... .................... 1237

Bacteria Associated with the Gastric Epithelium of Neonatal Pigs. R. FULLER,P. A. BARROW, AND B. E. BROOKER ........ .............................. 1237

Upper Boundary of the Biosphere. A. A. IMSHENETSKY, S. V. LYSENKO, AND G.A. KAZAKOV...........................................................1237