Application of Titanium nanoparticles

BySulaiman Ishaq Muktar

20162418

Outline• Introduction• Synthesize of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Moringa oleifera

leaves and evaluation of wound healing activity.• Effect of Titanium Nanoparticles (TiO2) on Growth, Yield and Chemical

Constituents of Coriander Plants.• Enhanced biohydrogen and subsequent biomethane production from

sugarcane bagasse using nano-titanium dioxide pretreatment.• References

Introduction• Nanotechnology is emerging rapidly with the development of

nanoscale materials which have potential biomedical applications, especially in fighting and preventing diseases.• The new age drugs include the nanoparticles of polymers, metals,

ceramics which can fight against human pathogens like bacteria and even cancer• The importance of nanoparticles having potent bactericidal activity is

inevitable because of their effect against resistant strains of pathogens.

• Nanoparticles increase the chemical activity due to their large surface volume ratio• In recent times in fact, the metallic nanoparticles have proven that

they are the most suited candidate among all the other nano particles• Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are known to possess strong

antimicrobial activity.• Titanium nanoparticles are one of the most important metal oxide

nanoparticles compared to others and are used in glass ceramics, catalyst, solar cell sensors, electric conductors and sun screen as well as biological related aspects

Synthesize of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Moringa oleifera leaves and evaluation of wound

healing activity• Wounds are among major world-wide clinical problems because of morbidity

associated with prolonged periods required for repair and regeneration of the injured tissue, bleeding,risk for infections and scar formation.• Due to the increment in the proportion of aged people’s population in the

coming decades, the wound healing process cost in clinical aspect may likely to increase.• Bacteria can easily contaminate the surface of wounds and access the

underlying tissue, thereby delaying the healing process• Considering that resistance against newly approved antibiotics developed

within two years, there is an urgent need for newer generation of antibiotics to fight infections.

Materials and methods• Preparation of Titanium nanostructures• For the preparation of aqueous leaf extract

(ALE) solution of M. oleifera, 10 g of M. oleifera powder + 100 ml of deionized water, heat at 60°C for 10 min to kill the pathogens.• Then filtered using Whatman No. 1 filter

paper.• Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were

synthesized by adding 10 ml of filtered ALE solution to 90 ml of 5 mM• Titanium dioxide solution (pH 1.5) in an

Erlenmeyer flask under stirring at 50°C.

• After 5 h, the developed dark brown colour confirmed the formation of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiNPs).• Centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 15 min and thus separated Titanium

dioxide nanoparticles (TiNPs) and were dried.

Characterization techniques• UV–Vis spectral analysis• SEM analysis of Titanium nanoparticles• Excision and treatment on animals• The wound healing activity was examined upon the Male albino rats

of Wistar strain with weight of 160–1100 g• The rats were housed in spacious polypropylene cages bedded with

rice husk and the room was well ventilated maintained under standard experimental conditions (temperature 27°C and 12 h light/dark cycle) throughout the experimental periods.

• The animals were distributed into various groups as where Group I is treated with gel alone to serve as self immunity, Group II animals are treated with gel based ointment (TiNPs + gel). The standard drug sulfadiazine purchased from medical store was

treated on Group III (sulfadiazine + gel) animals.• Each group has six animals

Comparison of wound healing activity of Group I (control group), Group II (TiNPs) and Group III (standard drug).

Wound healing treatment

Conclusion• Titanium dioxide and the use of M. oleifera leaf extract for the

biosynthesize of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles. This simple, cost effective, time saving and environmental friendly synthetic method gives a potential avenue for various applications• The eco-friendly green chemistry approach using leaf extract for the

synthesize of nanoparticles will increase the economic viability and sustainable management.• Preparation of nano-titanium gel using bio synthesized Titanium

nanoparticles is a highly effective technique towards the wound healing and opens a new paradigm of medical research

Materials and Methods

• Field Experiment• Experiments were carried out at a Farm in Sakara, Giza , Egypt .

During two successive seasons, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013.• The experimental plot area was 2 m x 4m • The planting distance was 30 cm apart and it was 50 cm between

lines

The soil chemical analysis for the two seasons

measurements

Season 2011-2012

Season 2012-2013

Soil depth (Cm)

0-60 0-60

pH (1:2.5) 7.2 7.5

E.C. (mmhos/Cm)

1.37 0.6

Calcium Carbonates (%)

7.1 7.4

Soluble anions (meq/L)

K+ Na+ Mg+2 Ca+2 K+ Na+ Mg+2 Ca+

0.97 2. 2 2.8 2.0 0.42 2.43 0.8 4.8

Soluble anions (meq/L)

SO4-2 Cl- HCO3- CO3

-2 SO4-2 Cl- HCO3

- CO3-2

4.77 1. 1 1.2 - 3.21 1.25 2.8 -

• Preparation of TiO2 Nanoparticles• Titanium nanoparticles (TiO2) were prepared by laser ablation of a

titanium plate (99.9% purity) in 10 ml deionized water . Q-switched Nd: YAG (Quantel) pulse laser generating 8 ns pulses at the wavelength of 1064 nm with a repetition rate of 10 Hz and the focused energy density was 400 mJ cm_2, using a 100 mm focal length lens on the metal plate immersed in water.• Characterization of TiO2 Nanoparticles

TEM imaging of the prepared TiO2 nanoparticles revealed a spherical shape of the particles, with an average size of 20 ±2.0 nm

(inset shows electron diffraction pattern).

ResultsEffect of different concentrations of TiO2 NPs foliar spray on growth and yield (g/pl.) of coriander during 2012 and 2013.

2011/2012 2012/2013Control Ti Nps Control Ti Nps

plant heigth (cm) 69.13 105.2 75.3 106.5No of branches (branch per plant) 4.8 6.9 5.2 7.4Fruit yield (g/pl) 16.38 31.5 19.11 26.96Chlorophyll a 2.69 2.812 2.75 2.833Chlorophyll b 2.04 2.229 2.137 2.25Carotenoids 0.952 1.27 1.023 1.287Amino Acid 0.095 0.645 0.176 0.734Sugars 0.72 1.254 0.75 1.206Phenols 1.604 1.901 1.668 2.03Indoles 1.87 2.2 1.758 2.242N % 1.54 2.75 1.694 3.08P% 0.414 0.546 0.4554 0.6006K% 4.8 6.7 5.28 7.37Protein 9.63 17.21 10.593 19.28

CONCLUSION• TiO2 nanoparticles had significant effects on the total chlorophyll-a,

chlorophyll-b, carotenoids, sugars, aminoacids, indoles, phenols, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, yield and plant growth characteristics of coriander. • The results shows strong evidence for the high efficiency of this new

nanofertilizer on plant growth enhancement. • These powerful and inexpensive NPs could replace traditional methods of

plant growth enhancement.• Further developments in nanotechnology in this sector could have large-

scale economic implications and multiple benefits for consumers, producers, and farmers.

• Nano-titanium dioxide (nanoTiO2) under ultraviolet irradiation (UV) followed by dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse was used to enhance the production of biohydrogen and biomethane in a consecutive dark fermentation and anaerobic digestion.

• Different concentrations of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 g nanoTiO2/L under different UV times of 30, 60, 90 and 120 min were used. Sulfuric acid (2% v/v) at 121 C was used for 15, 30 and 60 min to hydrolyze the pretreated bagasse.

• For acidic hydrolysis times of 15, 30 and 60 min, the highest total free sugar values were enhanced by 260%, 107%, and 189%, respectively, compared to samples without nanoTiO2 pretreatment. The highest hydrogen production samples for the same acidic hydrolysis times showed 88%, 127%, and 25% enhancement.

• The maximum hydrogen production of 101.5 ml/g VS (volatile solids) was obtained at 1 g nanoTiO2/L and 120 min UV irradiation followed by 30 min acid hydrolysis

Materials and methods

• Sugarcane bagasse• Anaerobic sludge• Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse using nanoTiO2/UV irradiation• HPLC• Gas chromatograph• Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

The concentration of NanoTiO2 and UV irradiation time were the main variables of NanoTiO2 pretreatment (TP),Sulfuric acid hydrolysis (AH),NanoTiO2 pretreatment-sulfuric acid hydrolysis (TP-AH),Untreated bagasse (R), • TP (nanoTiO2 concentration (g/L), UV irradiational time (min)), AH

(hydrolysis time (min)), and TP-AH (nanoTiO2 concentration (g/L), UV irradiational time (min), hydrolysis time (min)).

Cumulative methane production from the raw and treated sugarcanebagasse. R :TP-AH (0,0,0)

A :TP-AH (0.001 g/L, 60 mins,15 mins )B :TP-AH (1 g/L,120 mins,30 mins )C :TP-AH (1 g/L,60 mins ,60 mins)

Biomethane (black) and biohydrogen (white) production from the raw andtreated sugarcane bagasse in the sequencing two-step dark fermentation–anaerobic

digestion.R :TP-AH (0,0,0)A :TP-AH (0.001 g/L, 60 mins,15 mins )B :TP-AH (1 g/L,120 mins,30 mins )C :TP-AH (1 g/L,60 mins ,60 mins)

Conclusion• Pretreatment of bagasse using nano-titanium dioxide before acid hydrolysis

significantly improved the hydrogen production efficiency of dark fermentation.• The effects of nano-titanium dioxide pretreatment were destruction of surface

morphology and reduction of crystallinity. In fact, the operational conditions of acid hydrolysis was changed using nano-titanium dioxide pretreatment (reduction of temperature, time duration, and acid concentration) in a way that not only energy saves but also destruction of released sugars and production of inhibitor is declined. • Dark fermentation not only released some energy in the form of biohydrogen,

but also facilitated the anaerobic digestion of bagasse by enhancing its biomethane efficiency.

Thank You

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• Mohamed S. khater, Effect of Titanium Nanoparticles (TiO2) on Growth, Yield and Chemical Constituents of Coriander Plants. Arab Journal of Nuclear Science and Applications, 48(4), (187-194) 2015.

• Omid Jafari, Hamid Zilouei, Enhanced biohydrogen and subsequent biomethane production from sugarcane bagasse using nano-titanium dioxide pretreatment. Bioresource Technology 214 (2016) 670–678