Application File for the Amendment of the Environmental Permit€¦ · habitat for otter, frogs and...

Application File for the Amendment of the Environmental Permit

TAP Albania ESIA Addendum – April 2015

Application File for the Amendment of the Environmental Permit

Annex 2 – Summary of TAP Albania Footprint Survey Report

E.ON Technologies GmbH

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Project Title: Trans Adriatic Pipeline – TAP AAL00-ERM-641-Y-TAE-1024 Rev.: 00 / at02 Document Title:

Annex 2 Summary of TAP Albania New Footprint Survey Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Mining Concession Area L_1437 Re-route 3

2 Mining Concession Area L_1577 Re-route 11

3 Access Road AR - 489_A 18

4 Access Road AR - 498_1_A1 25

5 Access Road AR - 444 New 32


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1 Mining Concession Area L_1437 Re-route

Environmental Findings Summary Datasheet

Project: TAP AL New Footprint Survey Project Feature Investigated: Mining Concession Area L_1437 Re-route

Specialist: Ferdinand Bego

Date: 30.07.2014

Habitats: First section of the re-routing for Concession_L_1437 (on west facing slopes) crosses through terraced mosaic agriculture land with hedges of natural vegetation (transitional woodland) and fruit trees (Rubus sp, Prunus sp.). Some old oak trees (Quercus spp.) are preserved along the edges of terraces. Further downhill, getting closer to Vokopola river, Mediterranean evergreen shrubs-Maquis on steep slopes and crop fields in terraces are crossed by the re-routing. Riparian vegetation dominated by Platanus orientalis is present at the river crossing of the re-routing for Concession_L_1437. Climbing uphill from the river crossing, on east facing slopes, the very steep slopes are covered with thick and dense Mediterranean evergreen shrubs-maquis, while the upper section of the re-routing passes through terraced agriculture lands with edges of natural vegetation and fruit trees, likewise the upper first section of the re-routing for Concession_L_1437, on west facing slopes.

Observations: Transitional woodland dominated by Carpinus orientalis and Quercus spp. are present in patches in the upper first section of the re-routing for Concession_L_1437. Evergreen Mediterranean shrubs-Maquis is well developed, especially on the east facing slopes of the Vokopola river valley. The riparian vegetation dominated by Platanus orientalis along the Vokopola river is in good shape and provides an important habitat for aquatic life (otter, frogs, toads, water snakes and wagtails).

Key Fauna Species (Latin/English): Otter (Lutra lutra), badger (Meles meles), wild boar (Sus scrofa), beech marten (Martes foina), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), weasel (Mustela nivalis), hedgehog (Erinaceus roumanicus), dormice (Myoxis glis, Muscardinus avellanarius), Testudo hermanni, Lacerta viridis, Podarcis muralis, P.taurica, Natrix natrix, N. tessellata, Elaphe longissima, P. major, Fringilla coelebs, Turdus merula, Garrulus glandarius, Emberiza spp., Sylvia spp., Motacilla cinerea, Phenicurus occhruros, Falco tinnunculus, Corvus corone, Lanius collurio, Hirundo rustica.

Observations: Transitional woodlands provide shelter and feeding grounds for badger, marten, red fox, weasel, which also use the crop fields as feeding places. Hedges of remaining natural vegetation and fruit trees provide shelter and corridors for lizards, snakes, and hedgehog. Thick and dense maquis provides important shelter and feeding ground for a number of mammals and birds. Riparian vegetation and the Vokopola river


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provide shelter and feeding places for otter (Lutra lutra), frogs, toads and water snakes.

Key Flora Species (Latin/English): Carpinus orientalis, Quercus cerris, Q. trojana, Q. pubescens, Q. coccifera, Q. ilex, Arbutus unedo, Erica arborea, Pistacia lentiscus, Phyllirea angustifolia, Juniperus communis, Rosa canina, Pyrus amygdaliformes, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Platanus orientalis, Salix spp.

Observations: Some plants are used either as food or as medicinal plants (Arbutus unedo, Rosa canina, Rubus ulmifolius, Juniperus spp.). Some old growth oak trees have ecological values and should be preserved. Old trees of Platanus orientalis along the Vokopola river should be preserved.

Hydrobiology: A tributary to Osumi river (Vokopola stream) is crossed by the re-routing for concession_1437.

Observations: Well-developed riparian vegetation. Important habitat for otter, frogs and toads.

Designated Areas: No protected areas (existing or proposed) are crossed by the re-routing for Consession_L_1437. Area in need of a Construction Restriction Period ? Breeding season (April-June) of most of the vertebrate species is recommended to be avoided during the construction phase. Conclusions and key aspects: Re-routing for Concession_L_1437 crosses habitats of low to moderate sensitivity, as the entire area is influenced by human activity (agriculture, fuel wood cutting, grazing, quarries) throughout the year. It is rather equivalent to the former TAP baseline route. Species and habitats observed are those expected and described according to ESIA. No additional mitigation measures apart from those foreseen in the ESIA are needed. Standard mitigation measures set in the ESIA would include: (1) Habitat clearance minimization, (2) construction works to be performed, to the extent feasible, outside the breeding season, sensitive periods for key species and low flow for sensitive river crossings, and (3) reinstatement of habitats after construction. Old growth trees found along the re-routing should be avoided whenever possible, provided their ecological values.


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Photos:

Re-routing for Concession_L_1437 crossing

through transitional woodland and terraced crop fields (heading Southeast direction)

Re-routing for Concession_L_1437 crossing

mosaic terraced crop fields: on the east facing slopes maquis vegetation and terraced crop fields.

(heading Northwest)

View over the Vokopola river crossing of the re-

routing: mosaic crop fields and hedges of maquis on the West facing slope and dense maquis

vegetation on the East facing slope. (heading West direction)

Riparian vegetation along Vokopola river, at the

crossing point with the re-routing for Concession_L_1437. (heading South direction)


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Socioeconomic Findings Summary Datasheet


Specialist: Ferran Climent

Date: 30.07.2014

Settlements:

• Ustië

Observations: Ustië, located on the NE of the centerline, is the closest village. This is a small village that consists of a small number of scattered farms and auxiliary buildings. The distance between the centerline and the closest residential buildings is 100m approximately.

Land Uses: Land uses along the proposed centerline are equivalent to those crossed by the previous centerline. The area is characterized by terraced terrains with various types of crops and forested/shrubland areas. Main types of land uses identified include:

• Fields of herbaceous or seasonal crops

including corn.

• Small patches/fields with permanent

crops such as fruit trees and vineyards

• Shrublands and forested areas.

• Signs of grazing activity are commonly

found all along the route.

Observations: A good proportion of the section is covered by arable lands, mainly with seasonal crops (e.g. alfalfa). These are located on terraces and often divided by small lines of naturalized vegetation. Where slope is more important, such as in the west bank of the Vokopola river, the area is covered with shrublands/forests.

Livelihood: Based on the observations, main activities in the area are:

• Agriculture: largely associated to

seasonal crops but also minor areas

with permanent crops.

• Grazing (mainly goat herds but also

cows).

• Mining/Quarrying activities for

production of construction materials.

Observations: The area is characterized by the mosaic pattern of agricultural lands and forested areas (mainly shrublands). The area is also well known for its production of construction material (i.e. natural pavement). The material is extracted from small open quarries. No quarries are found along the proposed centerline.

Infrastructures/Construction:

• Access roads associated to the Ustlë

village (Access to the several isolated

Observations: The centerline crosses several local and unpaved roads that are used by the local


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farms).

• Small paths for accessing the arable

lands.

communities. The most important ones are those that serve as access to the Ustlë village and also the one that runs parallel to the Vokopola river (connection between Bogove and Ibrollare village, to the South). No paved roads are located in the vicinity of the re-routing. The closest paved road is located further north and corresponds to the national road that connects Bogove and Berat.

Conclusions and key aspects: The proposed re-routing has been designed to avoid an existing quarrying concession area (L_1437). The new re-routing is crossing an area that includes land uses equivalent to the former centerline. Therefore overall findings and measures provided in the ESIA are valid and applicable to this re-routing (i.e.no additional mitigation measures apart from those presented foreseen in the ESIA are required). Potential interference to traditional activities (cultivations & grazing) should be taken into account during construction. Similarly, a detailed transport/construction plan should be in place to avoid/manage potential nuisances derived from the use of the local accesses roads. Photos:

Existing access road uphill to the permanent crop

lands

General landscape with permanent crops y

vegetation

Corn field

Seasonal crop and Ustië village


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Crossing of the Vokopola River

Quarry concession close to the pipeline linear

Quarry material


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Cultural Heritage Findings Summary Datasheet


Specialist: Lorenc Bejko

Date: 30/07/2014

Archaeological Sites): No archaeological sites were found along this feature.

Observations: No observations.

Monuments: No monuments found along this feature.


Sites with Intangible Cultural Value: No sites with intangible cultural values found along this feature.


Areas with High Archaeological Potential (AHAP): Terraced fields near Ustijë village were classified as areas with high archaeological potential, though no artifacts were discovered from the surface survey.

Observations: Good agricultural territory, near a contemporary village. On the centre of re-routing line no artifacts found.

Conclusions and key aspects: This re-routing feature is expected to have no impact on cultural heritage. Finds are in accordance with those expected from ESIA. No additional mitigation measures required, other than those indicated in the ESIA. Particular care should be taken during construction phase in order to preserve the terracing of the fields. Photos:

View of the area at start of re-routing for

Concession_L_1437 over the village of Ustijë (heading North)

Agricultural terraced area (heading North)


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River crossing of the re-routing for

Concession_L_1437 (heading West)


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2 Mining Concession Area L_1577 Re-route




Date: 31.07.2014

Habitats: The upper section of the re-routing for concession L_1577 passes through Pine tree plantation (Pinus pinaster and P. halepensis) on degraded terrains dominated by Phlomis fruticosa. Downhill on gentle slopes, the re-routing passes through degraded terrains dominated by Phlomis fruticosa and Paliurus spina-christi, where some excavations for producing stone tiles are crossed by. Approaching the village of Konisbalta, the re-routing crosses olive groves, vineyards and crop fields with hedges of natural vegetation in between (terraces), where some scattered trees of Quercus spp., Carpinus orientalis, Cercis siliquastrum are found. After crossing the main access road to the village and a drainage/irrigation channel with poor riparian vegetation (Populus alba, Salix alba, Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia), the re-routing continues in the lowland crossing a mosaic of crop fields until it joins the TAP baseline route.

Observations: Pine tree plantations of Pinus pinaster and P. halepensis are dense with poor understory and mixed with much degraded shrubland due to overgrazing, dominated by Phlomis fruticosa and Paliurus spina-christi. Ecological value and sensitivity of this type of habitat is considered low. The most part of the re-routing for concession L_1577 passes through human made habitats such as olive groves, vineyards and mosaic crop fields of very low ecological value and sensitivity. The riparian vegetation along the drainage/irrigation channel is composed of scattered trees of Populus alba and Salix alba and a thick layer of reed beds of Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia that provide suitable habitat for aquatic life, being therefore of local conservation interest.

Key Fauna Species (Latin/English): Red fox (Vulpes vulpes), weasel (Mustela nivalis), vole (Microtus thomasi), Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni), Lacerta viridis, Podarcis muralis, P. taurica, Coluber spp., Vipera ammodytes, Natrix spp., Parus spp., Passer domesticus, Carduelis carduelis, Pica pica, Oenanthe oenanthe, Hirundo rustica, Delichon urbica, Corvus corone, Acrocephalus arundinaceus.

Observations: Most of the fauna species observed and expected to occur in the area crossed by the re-routing for concession L_1577 are related with degraded, altered and human made habitats, and many of them are sinanthropic species of low conservation concern.

Key Flora Species (Latin/English): Pinus pinaster, P. halepensis, Carpinus orientalis, Quercus cerris, Q. trojana, Cercis siliquastrum, Rubus ulmifolius, Ditrischia (Inula) viscosa, Paliurus spina-christi,

Observations: Flora of the area crossed by the re-routing for concession L_1577 is poor and similar with the one described in the ESIA document for the TAP baseline route and corridor. Provided its


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Prunus sp, Populus alba, Salix alba, Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia.

proximity to human settlements, the degradation stage of the natural vegetation and the current land use activities, the ecological values and sensitivity of flora in the re-routing section are considered low.

Hydrobiology: A drainage/irrigation channel is crossed by the re-routing for concession L_1577.

Observations: Few trees of Populus alba, Salix alba and a thick layer of reed beds along the drainage channel. Few fauna species, such as great reed warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus), frogs (Pelophyllax kurtmuelleri), Natrix spp. and Emys orbicularis, seem to use this type of habitat as their feeding and breeding ground.

Designated Areas: No protected areas (existing or proposed) are crossed by the re-routing for concession L_1577. Area in need of a Construction Restriction Period ? No particular area in need of construction restriction period is identified along the proposed re-routing.

Conclusions and key aspects: Re-routing for concession L_1577 crosses habitats of low sensitivity, as the entire area is influenced by human activity (agriculture, grazing, quarries) throughout the year. It is similar to the former TAP baseline route proposed to be rerouted due to concession for mining/quarry operation. Species and habitats observed are equivalent to those described in the ESIA. No additional mitigation measures apart from those foreseen in the ESIA are needed. Photos:

Re-routing for concession L_1577, upper section: degraded shrubs dominated by Phlomis fruticosa

and pine tree plantations (heading South direction)

Testudo hermanni


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Re-routing for concession L_1577, upper section:

inside the pine tree plantations with poor understory (heading West)

View of the area where re-routing for concession

L_1577 will pass through: degraded shrubs dominated by Phlomis fruticosa and Paliurus spina-

christi uphill, and lowland agriculture fields of Konisbalta village, downhill (heading West

direction)

Phlomis fruticosa

View of the re-routing section from the top of the hill with pine tree plantations to the lowland crop

fields of Konisbalta village (heading East direction)


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Date: 31.07.2014

Settlements: Closest villages include:

• Konisbalte

• Ura Vajgurore

Observations: The re-routing has increased the distance between the centerline and Ura Vajgurore up to 1 km approximately. The closest village to the centerline is Konisbalte, which is located just south of the centerline. The distance between the centerline and the village is 400m approximately. Nevertheless, the centerline will be located in the vicinity of some isolated residential buildings along the outskirts of Konisbalte.

Land Uses: Land uses along the proposed centerline are just equivalent to those crossed by the previous centerline:

• Pine tree plantation

• Degraded lands on rocky slopes (with

stone quarrying activities)

• Small fields with mixed permanent and

seasonal crops (olive trees and

vineyards)

• Extensive agricultural lands with

seasonal crops (herbaceous and corn

fields).

Observations: The re-routing descends from the centerline, up on the hill, down to the extensive agricultural area located in the lowlands. On its descent to the valley the route crosses a Pine tree plantation first, a degraded open area with an old quarry and, finally, several agricultural fields with a mosaic of permanent and seasonal crops. Once the route reaches the valley, crosses extensive agricultural areas that are characterized by the presence of seasonal crops (including corn field) and the location of some irrigation channels.

Livelihood: Based on the field observations, the activities developed along the pipeline are limited to the cultivation of seasonal crops and the marginal exploitation of the stone quarry. Based on the presence of traces and other signs herds of goats/sheep it can be inferred that grazing is also an activity that is taking place in the area, the arable lands and also the forested areas and quarry area.

Observations: Agriculture is deemed as the most important activity, especially on the lowlands where this activity is extensive and includes a system of irrigation channels. Based on the site visit, it is confirmed that the existing stone quarry is still being used but only exploited with “artisanal” methods (i.e. no explosives). Based on the information provided by a local, the quarry is only used by locals from the nearby villages and corresponds to a quarry that was abandoned during the communist regime.


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Infrastructures/Constructions:

• Access roads from Ura Vajgurore to

Konisbalte villages.

• Irrigation channels associated to the

agricultural lands on the lowlands.

• Services such are electricity lines,

phone, etc. located.

Observations: The centerline crosses the main road to access Konisbalte village, as well as other smaller paths that provide access the arable lands. Several irrigation channels are also found on the lowlands.

Conclusions and key aspects: The proposed re-routing has been designed to avoid an existing quarrying concession area (L_1577). The new re-routing is crossing an area that includes land uses equivalent to the former centerline. The nature of the findings is equivalent to those from the ESIA report and therefore the measures and principles provided in the ESIA are valid and applicable to this re-routing (i.e.no additional mitigation measures apart from those presented foreseen in the ESIA are required). Potential interference with agriculture and nuisance to the residential buildings located along the access road from Ura Vajgurore to Konisbalte (and especially on the pipeline crossing) are considered as the most important element. Management of potential nuisances derived from interference with other infrastructures (e.g. irrigation channels and access to lands) should also be taken into account during construction. Photos:

Pine tree plantation

General landscape agricultural valley near the start

of the re-routing

Quarry

Quarry materials (construction pavement)


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Location of the crossing through the isolated buildings and towards the agricultural lands

Location of the crossing through the isolated buildings and towards the uphill vegetation


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Date: 31/07/2014


Observations: No observations

Monuments: No monuments found along this feature.


Sites with Intangible Cultural Value: No sites with intangible cultural values found along this feature.


Areas with High Archaeological Potential (AHAP): The first terraces on the edges of the field were considered as areas with high archaeological potential, however, no artifacts were found on the surface.

Observations: Good agricultural lands, but with no cultural findings visible on the surface.

Conclusions and key aspects: This re-routing feature is expected to have no impact on cultural heritage. Finds are in accordance with those expected from ESIA. No additional mitigation measures required, other than those indicated in the ESIA.The fields of the terraces below the quarry could potentially provide archaeological evidence, even nothing was found on the surface. Photos:

View of the area where starts the re-routing for

concession L_1577 (heading South)

Area of the quarry halfway downslope (heading

North).


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3 Access Road AR - 489_A


Project: TAP AL New Footprint Survey Project Feature Investigated: AR_489_A


Date: 25.07.2014

Habitats: The majority of the AR_489_A passes through beech forests of high ecological value. Lower sections of the road run through beech forest alternated with clearings or grasslands and scattered scrubs. The most upper section of the road coming across the AR_498_1_A1 passes through clearings/grasslands surrounded by coppice of beech forest.

Observations: Old stands of beech (Fagus sylvatica) along the planned AR_489_A provide suitable habitat for bear (Ursus arctos), wolf (Canis lupus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa).

Key Fauna Species (Latin/English): Wolf (Canis lupus), Bear (Ursus arctos), wild boar (Sus scrofa), beech marten (Martes foina), red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris), dormice (Myoxis glis, Dryomys nitedula), Podarcis erhardii, P.taurica, Coronella austriaca, Parus atter, Fringilla coelebs, Phenicurus occhruros, Buteo buteo, Falco tinnunculus, Corvus corax, Bombina variegata, Rana graeca, Pelophyllax kurtmuelleri (Rana balcanica).

Observations: The old growth stands of beech forest represent a suitable habitat for Bear and Wolf. Surveys conducted in the past as part of the ESIA (July 2011), and those conducted recently (November, 2013 and April, 2014) confirmed the use of the area by bear and wolf as part of their feeding grounds. Grasslands provide a suitable habitat for birds of prey, lizards and snakes and small mammals. Water courses (creeks) of Lirza provide suitable habitat for frogs and toads (Rana graeca, Bombina variegata, Pelophyllax kurtmuelleri (Rana balcanica)).

Key Flora Species (Latin/English): Fagus sylvatica, Juniperus communis, Rosa canina, Pyrus amygdaliformes, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Quercus cerris, Fragaria vesca, various species of Orchids

Observations: Some plants are collected as medicinal plants (Juniperus spp., Rosa canina). Orchids were observed in the area during previous surveys conducted as part of ESIA (July, 2011 and 2012) in grasslands/clearings

Hydrobiology: A spring is situated in Lirza beech forest, at the clearing/grassland close to the historical memorial of Lirza. Water creates wet meadows and small pools downstream, providing suitable habitat for aquatic life.

Observations: Bombina variegata, Rana graeca, Pelophyllax kurtmuelleri.


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Designated Areas: AR _489_A goes through Lirza forest-Nature Monument. Area in need of a Construction Restriction Period? The AR_489_A and other access roads planned to be opened nearby (AR 489n, AR_498_1_A2) are in conflict with the legal status of Lirza beech forest-Nature Monument, whose ecological integrity and reasons for designation as nature monument should not be compromised by the construction of the access roads. Conclusions and key aspects: Most of the AR_489_A passes through the Lirza beech forest-Nature Monument. The specific boundaries of the Nature Monument should be clarified with the Environmental Authorities prior to any decision being made to open access roads in this area. Similarly potential requirements and site specific mitigation measures required for construction within this area and surrounding forests should be confirmed with the Environmental Authorities. In addition to specific required by the Authorities, standard general restrictions set in the ESIA will apply; for instance, (1) Habitat clearance minimization –including the working strip where feasible-, (2) construction works to be performed, to the extent feasible, outside the breeding season, sensitive periods for key species and low flow for sensitive river crossings, and (3) reinstatement of habitats after construction. Pre-vegetation clearance surveys may be required if time restriction compromise construction works.

Photos:

Clearings/openings of the Lirza pass, at crossing points of AR_498_1_A1 with AR_489_A (heading

NE direction)

Old growth stands along the AR 489_A passing

through Lirza Forest (heading NW direction)

Clearing/grassland inside the Lirza beech forest along the AR_489_A (heading South direction)

Beach forest and clearings with scattered scrubs and wild fruit trees (heading Northeast direction)


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Date: 25.07.2014

Settlements: No villages are located in the vicinity of the proposed access road. Closest villages are Helmës on the West and Panarit on the East.

Observations: This access road constitutes a continuation of the existing access road from Potom to Helmës and reaches the WWII Memorial located in the Lirza forest. From the Memorial a pedestrian path continues up to the top of the ridge, where the access road finishes.

Land Uses: The access road crosses basically 2 different types of land uses:

• Forest clearings with grasslands and

scattered shrubs

• Beech forests.

Observations: The road follows, and provides access to a number of grassland areas until it reaches the WWII Memorial. From point onwards the access climbs the mountain through dense beech forest, including important stands of old growth trees until the ridge is reached. There a new clearing is found.

Livelihood: Based on the field observations, the activities developed along this access road are limited to the harvest of the grasslands for fodder. Grazing through herds is also expected in these clearings as well as timber in the forest, although at a very small/local level (i.e. no commercial timber harvest).

Observations: At the moment of the visiting the site some local farmers were collecting the fodder.

Infrastructures/Constructions: The infrastructures found along the access include the following:

• World War Memorial

• Water fountain

• Access road to the memorial

• Pedestrian path towards Panarit

(Potom-Panarit).

Observations: The infrastructures identified during the survey are limited to the (1) existing access road, (2) the WWII Memorial and a (3) water fountain built in the proximity which collects the water from a local stream. At this clearing a pedestrian paths continues up to the mountain and then descends towards Panarit. This path is still being used by the local people as a means of communication between Potom and Panarit.


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Conclusions and key aspects: The nature of the findings is equivalent to those from the ESIA report and therefore the measures and principles provided in the ESIA are valid and applicable to this access road (no additional mitigation measures apart from those foreseen in the ESIA have been identified). Potential interference with fodder collection along the clearings should be taken into account. Similarly, a detailed transport/construction plan should be in place to avoid/manage nuisances derived from the use of the local accesses and the celebration that takes place every year at the WWII Memorial. As part of the potential benefits to the local population an evaluation on the potential for providing better access between Helmës and Panarit should be evaluated (i.e. providing road access between these 2 villages). Photos:

Clearings at the beginning of the access road

Area crossed by the access road with clearings and scattered shrubs in the lower portion of the

access

Clearing at the connection between the AR489_A

and the remaining routes on the ridge of the mountain. A local travelling from Panarit towards

Potom is also seen at the background

Spring located at the WWII Memorial

Fodder harvest at the clearing WWII Memorial

clearing area

Lirza forest between the ridge and the WWI

Memorial


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Clearing with the WWII Memorial (see at the edge

of the clearing)


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Date: 25/07/2014


Observations: No further observations.

Monuments: The Partisan Monument of Lirza is located 350 m away from the planned access road. It is considered a monument of high importance.

Observations: This memorial monument is dedicated to the First Congress of the youth organization during WWII. It has an important value for the WWII history and memories of the local population.

Sites with Intangible Cultural Value: Lirza monument and the remains of collective farm buildings embrace important intangible values related to the WWII and later 20th century history.

Observations: WWII and the history of the post-WWII period remain the most important and defining moments for the local pride and memories.

Areas with High Archaeological Potential (AHAP): No areas with high archaeological importance were indicated along this feature.


Conclusions and key aspects: The planned access road footprint lies close to the Partisan Monument at Lirza, which constitutes an important landmark of the region. However, considering the distance to the road centreline and the implementation of the mitigation measures considered in the ESIA, no impact is expected. In summary, the planned AR_489_A is expected to have limited or no impact on cultural heritage resources. The findings of the present survey are in accordance with those expected from the ESIA. No additional mitigation measures are therefore required, other than those indicated in the ESIA.


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Photos:

Lirza Partisan Monument (heading West).


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4 Access Road AR - 498_1_A1


Project: TAP AL New Footprint Survey Project Feature Investigated: AR_498_1_A1


Date: 25.07.2014

Habitats: The majority of the AR_498_1_A1 passes through harvested beech forests of moderate ecological value (forest has been harvested some 30 years ago, and most of it is not yet productive). Lower sections of the road go through harvested (chopped) beech forest with remaining feet of old trees, alternated with clearings or grasslands and scattered scrubs, while approaching the Lirza pass.

Observations: Some stands of beech (Fagus sylvatica) along the planned AR_498_1_A1 provide suitable habitat for bear (Ursus arctos), wolf (Canis lupus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus).

Key Fauna Species (Latin/English): Wolf (Canis lupus), Bear (Ursus arctos), wild boar (Sus scrofa), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), beech marten (Martes foina), red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris), dormice (Myoxis glis), Dryomys nitedula, Podarcis erhardii, P.taurica, Coronella austriaca, Parus atter, Fringilla coelebs, Phenicurus occhruros

Observations: The old growth stands of beech forest represent a habitat of moderate suitability for Bear and Wolf. Surveys conducted in the past as part of the ESIA (July 2011) and those conducted recently (2013-14) confirmed the use of the area by bears and wolves as part of their feeding grounds.

Key Flora Species (Latin/English): Fagus sylvatica, Juniperus communis, Sideritis raeseri, Rosa canina, Pyrus amygdaliformes, Quercus cerris, Prunus spinosa, Pteridium aquilinum.

Observations: Some plants are collected as medicinal plants (Juniperus spp., Rosa canina, Sideritis raeseri )

Hydrobiology: No important water courses are crossed by AR_498_1_A1. A small water reservoir is situated downhill, about 200 m away.

Observations: No relevant observations.

Designated Areas: No protected areas are passed by or located in the proximity of the Access Road _498_1_A1 Area in need of a Construction Restriction Period? Avoidance of construction works during the mating season for bears (May/June/July) is recommended to avoid interaction and disturbance to bears, where possible. Conclusions and key aspects:


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Most of the AR 498_1_A1 passes through harvested beech forest moderately used as feeding ground by bears, wolves and wild boars, as most of the beech forest is not yet productive. The species and habitats observed are consistent with those expected in this area according to ESIA findings.The ones considered as most relevant from a conservation point of view or those more abundant have been listed above. No additional mitigation measures apart from those foreseen in the ESIA are needed. Standard general mitigation measures set in the ESIA would include: (1) Habitat clearance minimization –including the working strip where feasible-, (2) construction works to be performed, to the extent feasible, outside the breeding season, sensitive periods for key species, and (3) reinstatement of habitats after construction. Old growth beech trees along the AR _498_1_A1 should be avoided whenever possible. Pre-vegetation clearance surveys may be required if time restriction compromise construction works. Photos:

Clearing and beech forest (coppice) along the AR

498_1_A1, heading North

Alternation of beech forest and clearings/openings

along the AR 498_1_A1, heading North-East

Beech forest (coppice) and clearings/openings

along the AR 498_1_A1, approaching Lirza Pass heading South-West

Coronella austriaca and Podarcis erhardii


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Sideritis raeseri


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Project: TAP AL New Footprint Survey Project Feature Investigated: Access Road_498_1_A1


Date: 25.07.2014

Settlements: No villages are located in the vicinity of the proposed access road.

Observations: Closest village is Panarit located far from the access, down in the valley (East) at a minimum distance of 1,5 km.

Land Uses: The road passes through a combination of beech forest stands and clearings or open areas on the eastern side of the mountain.

Observations: The proposed access road crosses areas with dense beech forest and open grasslands/shrublands. The forest areas are composed by relatively young stands of beech which also include scattered old growth beech trees, which indicate that the forest was harvested in the past. On some areas the presence of old growth forest is more important, especially close to the Lirza forest (i.e. South).

Livelihood: Based on the field observations, the activities developed along this access road are limited to some timber harvest and grazing by sheep/goat herds.

Observations: At the moment of the visiting the valley numerous herds of sheep and goats were encountered. These were often found on the grasslands/openings found below the forest line and Panarit. To some extent, timber harvest is also an activity that is expected to be occurring but only locally. That is, not for commercial purposes (i.e. harvest was limited to some branches or specific trees).

Infrastructures/Constructions: No infrastructures or constructions were found along the access road. A portion of the pedestrian path between Potom and Panarit is crossed by this access road.

Observations: The Path between Panarit and Potom crosses this access road. This path is still being used as by locals.

Conclusions and key aspects: The nature of the findings is equivalent to those from the ESIA report and therefore the measures and principles provided in the ESIA are valid and applicable to this access road. No additional mitigation measures to those foreseen in the ESIA have been identified.


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Potential interference with grazing activities should be minimized/managed. Similarly, a detailed transport/construction plan should be in place to avoid/manage the potential nuisances derived from interferences with the pedestrian path between Panarit and Helmës/Potom. As part of the potential benefits to the local population an evaluation on the potential for providing better access between Helmës/Potom and Panarit should be evaluated (i.e. providing road access between these 2 villages). Photos:

Area crossed by the access road with clearings

and young beech forest areas.

Young beech forest

Open areas at the edge of the beech forest. At the end the other beech forest located north (along the

centerline can be seen).

Opening on the ridge along the access roads

towards the south, just before the connection with the AR_489_A


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Project: TAP AL New Footprint Survey Project Feature Investigated: AR_498_1_A1


Date: 25/07/2014

Archaeological Sites: No archaeological sites were found along this feature. Only remains of drystone walls and terraces, which are considered of moderate importance for the local population.

Observations: No archaeological sites. Only remains of human activities here during the late 20th century: farm buildings, walls and terraces. These items recorded are located in the immediate vicinity of the planned feature.

Monuments: No monuments along this feature.


Sites with Intangible Cultural Value: No sites with intangible cultural value have been recorded.


Areas with High Archaeological Potential (AHAP): No areas with high archaeological importance were indicated along this planned feature.


Conclusions and key aspects: AR_498_1_A1 is expected to have limited impact on cultural heritage. The planned access road runs near remains of farm buildings and terrace walls that represent material evidence for the human activities here during the last quarter of the 20th century. These remains should be considered during the construction phase. The findings of the current survey are in accordance with those expected from ESIA. No additional mitigation measures required, other than those indicated in the ESIA, which for the current feature would include the relocation of the walls at Lirza pass to avoid the impact during construction phase and ensure the preservation of the evidences of human activities in the area in the 20th century. Photos:


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Drystone wall (heading West)

View of Qafa e Lirzës (heading North) with several

terrace walls to be crossed by the road

Recent, traditionally built field hut


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5 Access Road AR - 444 New


Project: TAP AL New Footprint Survey Project Feature Investigated: AR_444_New


Date: 24.07.2014 and 25.07.2014

Habitats: The first section of the road passes through subalpine meadows on ultra-basic bedrock used as grazing ground for large herds of sheep. The remaining and majority section of the planned AR _444_New follows a recently opened forest harvest road that passes along the mountain ridge where the central line of the TAP pipeline is projected. This section passes through harvested beech forest where only scattered feet of old growth trees remain, while the upper section of the road passes through mature old growth stands of beech forest, partly being harvested recently.

Observations: Beech forest along the mountain ridge was in its majority harvested (coppice) some 20-30 years ago, with scattered feet of old trees remaining. The upper section of the AR_444_New heading to Marta pass goes, however, through old growth stands of productive beech forest, and, hence, the conservation interest of such a type of habitat is high. It provides suitable habitat for bear (Ursus arctos), wolf (Canis lupus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa). Subalpine meadows on ultra-basic bedrock may potentially host endemic and sub-endemic plant species.

Key Fauna Species (Latin/English): Wolf (Canis lupus), Bear (Ursus arctos), wild boar (Sus scrofa), beech marten (Martes foina), hare (Lepus europaeus), red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris), dormice (Myoxis glis, Dryomys nitedula), woodpeckers (Dendrocopos spp.), Sitta europaea, rock partridge (Alectoris graeca), Alauda arvensis, Lullula arborea, Oenanthe oenanthe, Emberiza cia, Podarcis erhardi, P.taurica, Bombina variegata, Rana gareca, Cerambyx cerdo.

Observations: The old growth stands of beech forest represent a suitable habitat for Bear and Wolf. Surveys on Bear and Wolf conducted in Nov. 2013 and April 2014 confirmed the importance of the area for bear and wolf. Old growth trees provide shelter and feeding grounds for woodpeckers, beech marten and dormice, and insects linked with old growth stands (such as Cerambyx cerdo, Rosalia alpina). Grassland and subalpine meadow provide feeding and breeding grounds for hare (Lepus europaeus), rock partridge (Alectoris graeca), shrikes (Lanius collurio), and other passerines (Alauda arvensis, Lullula arborea, Oenanthe oenanthe, Emberiza cia). Mountain creeks that pass through subalpine meadows provide feeding and breeding ground for toads and frogs (Bombina variegata, Rana graeca)

Key Flora Species (Latin/English): Fagus sylvatica, Juniperus communis nana

Observations: Subalpine meadows on ultra-basic bedrock are


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potential sites for few endemic and sub-endemic plant species, such as Festucopsis serpentini, Aster albanicus, Campanula boissieri.

Hydrobiology: One or two little creeks with some water pools are crossed by the first section of the access road (passing through subalpine meadows), used as breeding grounds by stream frog (Rana graeca) and yellow bellied toad (Bombina variegata).

Observations: Tadpoles of stream frog (Rana graeca) and yellow bellied toad (Bombina variegata) observed in small pools along the creeks confirm the use of this water course as breeding grounds for few individuals of stream frog and yellow bellied toad.

Designated Areas: No protected areas are passed by or situated in the proximity of the AR _444_New Area in need of a Construction Restriction Period? The old growth stands of beech in the upper section of the AR_ 444_New should be minimally disturbed. Old trees should therefore be preserved whenever possible.

Conclusions and key aspects: AR _444_New, upper section heading towards Marta's pass goes through old growth stands of beech forest that provide a habitat of high sensitivity for bear, wolf, and other animal species linked with old growth and productive forest. Grasslands and subalpine meadows with scattered scrubs are heavily used as grazing grounds and thus, they are of low sensitivity and conservation interest. However, some parts of the subalpine meadows located on ultra-basic rock should be checked for the eventual presence of any endemic and sub-endemic plant species linked with this type of habitat. Standard general mitigation measures set in the ESIA apply to this area, which would include: (1) Habitat clearance minimization , (2) construction works to be performed, to the extent feasible, outside the breeding season, sensitive periods for key species and low flow for sensitive river crossings, and (3) reinstatement of habitats after construction. Old growth beech trees to be met along the AR _444_New should be avoided whenever possible. Pre-vegetation clearance surveys may be required if time restriction compromise construction works. Photos:

View of the AR_444_New passing through

subalpine meadows (heading Northeast direction)

Cerambyx cerdo in harvested old growth stand of

beech


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Beech forest (coppice) and remaining old trees

along the AR_444_New (heading West direction)

Old growth beech tree harvesting

(Fagus sylvatica), heading West direction

Remains of old scat of Bear found in the old growth

stands of beech recently harvested

Recent forest (AR_444_New, heading East

direction)


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Specialist: Ferran Climent Date: 24.07.2014 and 25.07.2014

Settlements: No villages are located in the vicinity of the proposed access road. Closest villages are:

• Panarit (South)

• Çemerice (North)

Observations: This access road constitutes a continuation of the existing access road from Vithkuq to Panarit during the first kilometre approximately. Afterwards the AR_444_new continues to the West following the top of the mountains along widely forested areas. Panarit and Çemenice are located down in the valleys (South and North respectively). The proposed access road uses existing local paths that seem to have been just recently opened. This is especially clear on the westernmost section of the AR_444_new, where a crew from Korça has been found opening the access to the dense beech forest and clearing the forest.

Land Uses: The first section of the road (1 kilometre approximately) passes through open grasslands (subalpine meadows) used as grazing grounds for large herds of sheep and goat. The remaining of the path follows, to a large extent, paths associated to timber harvest activities that were taking place during the field visit.

Observations: AR_444_New crosses extensive areas of beech forest. Only small patches of grasslands are found along this access and these are limited in surface cover. The forest is more mature and has abundant large trees on the Western sections of the mountain (possibly associated to the difficulties of access before the forest crew opened the access). The eastern half of the forest is less mature, although some scattered large trees are also found.

Livelihood: Based on the field observations, the activities developed along this access road are limited to timber harvest and, to a minor extent grazing activities.

Observations: Field observations prove that timber harvest has been historically taken place and still is an important activity in the region. Those areas located close to existing accesses (East) show smaller sized trees. As the new access road progresses to the west (i.e. more isolated areas) the forest is more mature (approximately from Kp74 and to the West, up to Martha’s Pass).


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A crew was found opening and the access road through the forest from the East to Martha’s Pass to the West, harvesting large areas of the mature forest. Based on the size of the trees and number of rings, some of the trees are expected to be between 80-100 years old. This crew was from Korça and the timber was being harvested for charcoal production. Relatively isolated old trees are found in all areas of the forest. Many of these trees show signs of traditional timber harvest (i.e. the large branches of the trees are periodically harvested but the tree is kept so that it produces new branches that can be harvested in several years).

Infrastructures/Constructions: The area is relatively remote; no relevant infrastructures, other the existing paths have been found along the proposed access road.

Observations: -

Conclusions and key aspects: The nature of the findings are equivalent to those from the ESIA report and therefore the measures and principles provided in the ESIA are valid and applicable to this access road (i.e. no additional mitigation measures apart from those foreseen in the ESIA have been identified). Potential interference derived from the use of the local accesses roads between Vithkuq and Panarit should be taken into account. Similarly, implications on the grazing activities should be considered for the first section of the access road.


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Photos:

Grasslands/pastures located at the beginning of the AR_444_New

Charcoal production with the timber harvested along the beech forest (AR_444_New access).

Example of isolated old growth tree

Access road recently opened for timber harvest

along the AR_444_New

Timber stored along the recently opened path

along the AR_444_New access

Crew harvesting timber along the AR_444_New

access route


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Specialist: Lorenc Bejko and Iris Pojani

Date: 24 and 25/07/2014

Archaeological Sites: No archaeological sites were found along this feature.

Observations: No archaeological sites or finds were identified along, or nearby this feature.

Monuments: Qafa e Martës monument and memorial cemetery from early 20th century. Located 650 m from the central line of AR_444_New and considered as a monument of high importance.

Observations: This memorial monument and the associated cemetery are dedicated to the armed conflicts between Greek forces and Albanian fighters following Albanian Independence in 1912. Gravestones indicate the conflict of September 1913.

Sites with Intangible Cultural Value: Qafa e Martës monument and memorial cemetery holds important intangible values: historic, identity and collective memory values. 650 m from AR_444_New. Early 20th century.

Observations: Armed conflicts following the declaration of Albanian Independence are historically important for the consolidation of the territorial integrity of the new Albanian state. Very important for the local historical memory.

Areas with High Archaeological Potential (AHAP): No areas with high archaeological importance were indicated along this feature.

Observations: The high elevation and the dense forests may have conditioned human activities in this area. No remains of such activities were found on the surface, even in those parts with good visibility.

Conclusions and key aspects: Due to the lack of archaeological finds or areas with high archaeological potential, AR_444_New has little or no impact on cultural heritage. Qafa e Martës monument and cemetery are located 650 m to the north of the access road and provide the only important observation with regards to heritage. The location and monument at Qafa e Martës is an important place of memory and modern history, in national and local terms. No additional mitigation measures required, other than those indicated in the ESIA. Finds are in accordance with those expected from ESIA. Particular care should be taken during construction phase not to disturb the historical landscape which is essential part of the historical memory at Qafa e Martës.


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Photos:

View towards west of an open grass area at edges

of the forest.

View at Qafa e Martës, heading North.

Qafa e Martës memorial monument, heading

South.

Memorial cemetery at Qafa e Martës, heading

Southeast

Trans Adriatic Pipeline AG

Albanian Branch Office

Rruga : Papa Gjon Pali II

Building Nr.12, (ABA Business Center)

Floor nr. 9, Office nr. 906

Municipality Unit Nr.2

Postal Code 1010

Tirana, Albania

T: + 355 44 306 937

F: + 355 42 265 685

www.tap-ag.com

Date 05/2015

Copyright Reserved: This document may not be copied, shown to or placed at disposal of third parties without prior consent of TAP AG. The latest version of the document is registered in the TAP Project’s Database.

http://www.tap-ag.com/

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