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    7thAMITY NATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION 2014

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    INTHEINTERNATIONALCOURTOFJUSTICE

    PEACEPALACE, THEHAGUE

    NETHERLANDS

    CASECONCERNING THEINTENATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW

    PROSECUTOR

    APPLICANT

    v.

    MR. LUCANKA

    RESPONDENT

    ON SUMISSION TO THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

    MEMORIALfor theAPPLICANT

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    TALE OF CONTENTS

    LISTOFARE!IATIONS

    ICC...................................................................................................International criminal court

    ICTR.............................................................International criminal tribunal for Rwanda

    ICT............................................International criminal tribunal for former u!o"la#ia

    PTC......................................................................................................Pre$trial C%amber

    ILC................................................................................International Law Commi""ion

    A"t. ........Article &unle"" ot%erwi"e noted' Art. de"i!nate" article" of t%e Rome Statute(

    St#t$t%..............................................Rome Statute of t%e International Criminal Court

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    *

    N'. .....................................................................................................................Number

    (NP...............................................................................................+awal National Part,

    Ch#)*%".........................................................................................Pre$Trial C%amber -

    INDE+ OF AUTHORITIES

    A. PRIAR SO/RCES

    I.INTERNATIONALMATERIALSANDSTATUTES

    1. C%arter of t%e /nited Nation"' 014*........................................................................................04

    2. STAT/TE O2 T3E INTERNATIONAL TRI/NAL 2OR T3E 2ORER /5OSLA6IA

    ..................................................................................................................................................07

    3. International Criminal Court Rule of Procedure and E#idence' 8998.....................................80

    4. International Criminal Tribunal for t%e 2ormer u!o"la#ia Rule of Procedure and E#idence'

    ..................................................................................................................................................8:

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    -

    5. Con#ention on t%e Pre#ention and Puni"%ment of t%e Crime of 5enocide' 014;....................87

    6. Rome Statute of International Criminal Court' 8998.............................................04' 07' 84' 81

    II. JUDICIALDECISIONS

    1. Pro"ecutor #. Anto 2urundO/R. :;; &8991(....................................................................................................1

    2. e#in >on 3eller' The Roe Stat&te in Co(arati"e Pers(e$ti"e) elbourne Le!al Studie"

    Re"earc% Pa@er no :79

    III. INTERNETSOURCES

    1. %tt@[email protected]

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    2. %tt@??www.iccnow.or!

    3. %tt@??www.ict,.or!

    4. %tt@??www.un.or!

    5. %tt@??www.unictr.or!

    6. %tt@??www.we"tlawinternational.com

    7. %tt@??www.%iil.or!

    8. %tt@??www.""rn.com

    9. %tt@??www.il"a.or!

    STATEMENTOFJURISDICTION

    It i" %ereinafter mo"t re"@ectfull, "ubmitted t%at t%e @ro"ecutor of t%i" International Criminal Court

    %a" t%e =uri"diction to eFerci"e t%i" @etition under Article 0:&a( of t%e Rome Statute of t%e

    International Criminal Court' 8994. Article 0:&a( of t%e Statute "tate" a" follow" $

    T%e Court "%all eFerci"e it" =uri"diction wit% re"@ect to a crime referred to in Article * in accordance

    wit% t%e @ro#i"ion" of t%i" Statute if

    &b( A "ituation in w%ic% one or more of "uc% crime" a@@ear" to %a#e been committed i" referred to t%e

    Pro"ecutor b, a "tate @art, in accordance wit% Art. 04.

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    ;

    STATEMENTOFFACTS

    STATEMENT OF FACTS

    I. Nara

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    1

    !o#ernment and militaril, elite and al"o t%e al"o t%e of %aa,u t%reatened t%e ma"uari

    tribe wit% dire con"euence" in all form" of media. It wa" re@orted t%at %aa,u tribe

    wa" bein! "ecretl, funded b, t%e rulin! !o#ernment for carr,in! out a ","tematic and

    meticulou" eFtermination of t%e ma"auri tribe.

    III. Durin! t%e national rall, or!ani

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    T%e fir"t @re"ident election" "ince t%e cou@ were conducted in 8904 under t%e @re""ure

    of t%e international communit, under t%e rullin! !o#ernment of t%e countr, under

    w%ic% mr naobi wa" "elected a P.. and immediatel, "i!ned and ratified t%e rome

    "tatute of international criminal court.

    %en t%e !o#ernment tried t%e former @re"ident and it wa" di"co#er t%at mo"t of t%e

    =ud!e of t%e countr, lo,ali"t toward former @re"ident at t%e "ame time t%e current

    !o#ernment %ad "ome @roblem in controllin! "ome of t%e rea"on w%ic% were

    com@letel, in%abited b, t%e member of t%e %aa,u tribe.

    T%e current !o#ernment antici@atin! t%at t%e national trial would not%in! but a "%am.

    T%e !o#t now referred to ICC under rome "tatute under art. 0: and %anded o#er t%e

    document" "u!!e"tin! t%e e#ol#ement of former @re"ident in t%e ","tematic !enocide

    a!ain"t t%e ma"auri tribe.

    6. T%e @ro"ecutor of t%e ICC too co!ni

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    00

    STATEMENTOFISSUES

    I. 3ET3ERT3EICC 3AST3E>/RISDICTIONTOTRT3ECASEA5AINSTR.

    ANC3A.

    A. 3ET3ERT3ECRIESCOITTEDR. L/CANAAREIT3INT3E

    >/RISDICTIONO2T3EROESTAT/TE.

    B. 3ET3ER' INT3ELI53TO2T3EPROTESTADET3ESTATEO2ANC3/'

    T3ECASEISADISSILEE2ORET3EICC.

    II. 3ET3ERT3EACC/SEDIS5/ILTO22OLLOIN5CRIES

    A. CRIEO25ENOCIDE/NDERARTICLES-&a(' &b(' &c( AND8*&:( &a(' &b( O2T3E

    ROESTAT/TE.

    B. CRIESA5AINST3/ANIT/NDERARTICLES7&0( &a(' &!( AND8*&:( &b( O2

    T3EROESTAT/TE

    C. ARCRIES/NDERARTICLES;&8( &b( &iF#iii( O2T3EROESTAT/TE.

    III. 3ET3ERT3EARRESTANDS/SEJ/ENTTRANS2ERO2R. ANC3ATOICC IS

    LE5AL.

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    08

    SUMMARYOFARGUMENTS

    1. &HETHER THE ICC HAS THE JURISDICTION TO TRY THE CASE AGAINST MR.

    ANCHA

    T%e ca"e i" under t%e =uri"diction of ICC. T%e ICC %a" =uri"diction o#er t%e ca"e a"

    under Article 0:&a( of t%e Statute w%ic% "a, "tate @art, in accordance wit% Art. Can

    refer an, ca"e to t%e @ro"ecutor in w%ic% one or more crime" a@@ear to %a#e been

    committed w%ic% are enli"ted under Article * of t%e Rome Statute. T%e crime" w%ic%

    %a#e been committed %ere b, r. anc%a are t%e crime" enli"ted in t%e Article *

    w%ic% are t%e followin!$

    (a) T%e crime of 5enocide

    (b) Crime" a!ain"t 3umanit,

    (c) ar crime"

    it% re!ard to t%e @ara!ra@% 09 of t%e @reamble w%ic% "a," t%at and t%e Article 07&0(w%ic% KICC e"tabli"%ed under t%i" "tatute "%all be com@limentar, to national criminal

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    0:

    =uri"diction"G' Article 0 reiterate" t%i" and Article 07&0( "tate" t%at a ca"e i"

    inadmi""ible w%en it i" bein! in#e"ti!ated or @ro"ecuted b, a "tate t%at %a" =uri"diction

    o#er it' or w%en t%e ca"e %a" alread, been in#e"ti!ated and t%e "tate %a" decided not to

    @ro"ecute. In "uc% circum"tance" t%e court ma, onl, @roceed w%ere t%e State Ki"

    unwillin! and unable !enuinel,G to in#e"ti!ate or @ro"ecute t%e ca"e. T%e @re"ent ca"e

    of r. Lucana %a" ne#er been tried in t%e criminal court" of anc%u w%ic% mae" t%e

    inabilit, and unwillin!ne"" of t%e State to @ro"ecute r. lucana. T%e State %a"

    remained inacti#e in relation to t%at ca"e or wa" unwillin! or unable' wit%in t%e

    meanin! of Article 07&l( &a( to &c(' 8 and : of t%e Statute. 3ence' t%i" ca"e i"

    admi""ible before t%e ICC.

    2. &HETHER THE ACCUSED IS GUILTY OF FOLLO&ING CRIMES- CRIME OFGENOCIDE,

    CRIMESAGAINSTHUMANITY, &ARCRIMES

    T%e %o"tilitie" between two tribe" reac%ed a breain! @oint w%en t%e leader of

    ma"auri tribe or!ani

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    04

    In accordance wit% Article 8*&:( &b(' a @er"on "%all be %eld liable for @uni"%ment if %e

    order"' "olicit" or induce" "uc% a crime w%ic% in fact occur" or i" attem@ted

    commi""ion and includin! @ro#idin! t%e mean" for it" commi""ion of t%e re!ion.

    6iolation of t%e Article ;&8( &b( &F#iii( of t%e Statute b, intentionall, directin! em@lo,in!

    a"@%,Fiation !a" w%ic% a" t%e u"e of toFic !a" u"ed for t%e @roduction of dru!" and c%emical

    and ma"auri citi

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    0*

    reasona!%e 'ro&nds to !e%ie"e that the (erson has $oitted a $rie ,ithin the

    &risdi$tion of the Co&rt./

    T%e crime" w%ic% r. Lucana %a" committed and t%erefore i" to be tried for are 5enocide

    under Article -&a( &b( &c( of t%e Rome Statute' ar crime" under t%e Article ; and Crime"

    a!ain"t %umanit, under Article 7 of t%e Rome Statute' %ence are com@letel, wit%in t%e

    =uri"diction of t%e court. T%e"e fact" alon! wit% ot%er" w%ic% %a#e been di"cu""ed are relied

    u@on for t%e @ur@o"e" of e"tabli"%in! bot% rea"onable !round" to belie#e t%at r. lucana %a"

    committed crime" wit%in t%e =uri"diction of t%e Court @ur"uant to Article *;&0( &a( of t%e

    Rome Statute and t%e nece""it, of %i" arre"t @ur"uant to Article *;&0( &b( of t%e Rome Statute.

    3ence' t%e arre"t and "ub"euent tran"fer of r. anc%a to ICC i" le!al.

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    &RITTENPLEADINGS

    1. &h%th%" th% ICC h#/ $"/3t' # #)//*5t6 t' t"6 th% 3#/% ##/t S.+.

    #3h#

    T%e ICC %a" =uri"diction o#er t%e ca"e a" under Article 0:&a( 0of t%e Statute w%ic% "a,"

    "tate @art, in accordance wit% article$04 can refer an, ca"e to t%e @ro"ecutor in w%ic% one

    or more crime" a@@ear to %a#e been committed w%ic% are enli"ted under Article * 8of t%e

    1 Rome Statute of t%e International Criminal Court' %tt@??www8.o%c%r.or!?en!li"%?law?criminalcourt.%tm.acce""ed2ebruar,'8904

    2I!id.)

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    http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/criminalcourt.htm.%20accessedhttp://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/criminalcourt.htm.%20accessedhttp://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/criminalcourt.htm.%20accessedhttp://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/criminalcourt.htm.%20accessed
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    07

    Rome Statute. T%e crime" w%ic% %a#e been committed %ere b, r. anc%a are t%e crime"

    enli"ted in t%e Article * w%ic% are t%e followin!$

    (d) T%e crime of 5enocide

    (e) Crime" a!ain"t 3umanit,

    (,) ar crime"

    1.1 &h%th%" th% 3")%/ 3'))tt% *6 M".5$3#8# #"% 9th th% $"/3t' ': th%

    R')% St#t$t%$

    T%e 014; Con#ention on t%e Pre#ention and Puni"%ment of t%e Crime of 5enocide &article

    8(:define" !enocide a" an, of t%e followin! act" committed wit% intent to de"tro,' in w%ole

    or in @art' a national' et%nical' racial or reli!iou" !rou@ M includin!

    &a( illin! member" of t%e !rou@

    &b( Cau"in! "eriou" bodil, or mental %arm to member" of t%e !rou@

    &c( Deliberatel, inflictin! on t%e !rou@ condition" of life calculated to brin! about

    it" @%,"ical de"truction in w%ole or in @art

    All "uc% act" are #iolation" of %uman ri!%t"' and ma, al"o be crime" a!ain"t %umanit,

    or war crime"' de@endin! on t%e conteFt in w%ic% t%e, were committed. T%e

    Con#ention confirm" t%at !enocide' w%et%er committed in time of @eace or war' i" a

    crime under international law w%ic% @artie" to t%e Con#ention undertae to @re#ent

    and to @uni"%M &article 0(. A" it i" a @art of international cu"tomar, law' t%e

    Con#ention i" con"idered a@@licable in all countrie"' irre"@ecti#e of w%et%er t%e, %a#e

    "i!ned or ratified it. %ere !enocide doe" occur' t%e International Criminal Court'

    w%ic% i" "e@arate and inde@endent from t%e /N' i" em@owered to in#e"ti!ate and

    @ro"ecute t%o"e mo"t re"@on"ible' if a State i" unwillin! or unable to eFerci"e

    =uri"diction o#er alle!ed @er@etrator".4

    3 Con#ention on t%e Pre#ention and Puni"%ment of t%e Crime of 5enocide' Ado@ted b, Re"olution 8-9 &III( Aof t%e /.N. 5eneral A""embl, on 1 December 014;. Entr, into force 08 >anuar, 01*0.

    4/nited Nation"' Pre#entin! 5enocide and a"" Atrocitie"A /nited Nation" ","tem$wideendea#our'M /nited Nation" eb"ite' %tt@??www.un.or!?en?@re#ent!enocide?ad#i"er?un)role."%tml. acce""ed

    2ebruar,8904.

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    http://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/adviser/un_role.shtmlhttp://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/adviser/un_role.shtml
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    0;

    T%e Article 01&0(*of t%e Statute reuire" t%e C%amber to "ati"f, it"elf t%at an, ca"e

    brou!%t before it fall" wit%in t%e =uri"diction of t%e Court w%ic% read" a"$ T%e Court

    "%all "ati"f, it"elf t%at it %a" =uri"diction in an, ca"e brou!%t before it. T%e Court ma,'

    on it" own motion' determine t%e admi""ibilit, of a ca"e in accordance wit% article 07 -

    In t%e ca"e of T%e Pro"ecutor #. Omar 3a""an A%mad Al$a"%ir7' it wa" laid down b,

    T%e ICC$

    To fall wit%in t%e Court" =uri"diction' a crime mu"t meet t%e followin! t%ree

    condition" it mu"t be one of t%e crime" mentioned in article * of t%e Statute' t%at i" to

    "a,' t%e crime of !enocide' crime" a!ain"t %umanit, and war crime" t%e crime mu"t

    %a#e been committed wit%in t%e time @eriod laid down in article 00 of t%e Statute and

    t%e crime" mu"t meet one of t%e two alternati#e condition" de"cribed in article 08 of

    t%e Statute;

    ...Q

    article 08 &8(1doe" not a@@l, w%ere a "ituation i" referred to t%e Court b, t%e Securit,

    Council actin! under C%a@ter 6II of t%e C%arter' @ur"uant to article 0:&b( of t%e

    5S&(ra note 0

    -Rome Statute' art. 07

    0.3a#in! re!ard to @ara!ra@% 09 of t%e Preamble and article 0' t%e Court "%all determine t%at a ca"e i"

    inadmi""ible w%ere &a( T%e ca"e i" bein! in#e"ti!ated or @ro"ecuted b, a State w%ic% %a" =uri"diction o#er it'

    unle"" t%e State i" unwillin! or unable !enuinel, to carr, out t%e in#e"ti!ation or @ro"ecution &b( T%e ca"e %a"

    been in#e"ti!ated b, a State w%ic% %a" =uri"diction o#er it and t%e State %a" decided not to @ro"ecute t%e @er"on

    concerned' unle"" t%e deci"ion re"ulted from t%e unwillin!ne"" or inabilit, of t%e State !enuinel, to @ro"ecute

    &c( T%e @er"on concerned %a" alread, been tried for conduct w%ic% i" t%e "ub=ect of t%e com@laint' and a trial b,

    t%e Court i" not @ermitted under article 89' @ara!ra@% : &d( T%e ca"e i" not of "ufficient !ra#it, to =u"tif, furt%er

    action b, t%e Court.

    8. In order to determine unwillin!ne"" in a @articular ca"e' t%e Court "%all con"ider' %a#in! re!ard to t%e

    @rinci@le" of due @roce"" reco!ni

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    01

    Statute. T%u"' t%e Court ma,' w%ere a "ituation i" referred to it b, t%e Securit,

    Council' eFerci"e =uri"diction o#er crime" committed in t%e territor, of State" w%ic%

    are not Part, to t%e Statute and b, national" of State" not Part, to t%e Statute. 09

    1. In relation to t%e =uri"diction ratione ateriae11' t%e "aid conduct" !i#e ri"e to !enocide'

    crime" a!ain"t %umanit, under Article *&0(&a(12 of t%e Rome Statute in"ofar a" t%e,$

    i. ere @art of a wide"@read or ","tematic attac directed a!ain"t t%e ma"auri @o@ulation

    of =a

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    89

    A sit&ation in ,hi$h one or ore of s&$h $ries a((ears to ha"e !een $oitted is

    referred to the Prose$&tor !* the state (art* in a$$ordan$e ,ith arti$%e 01.

    3. 2inall,'

    1.2 &h%th%" th% ;"%/%t 3#/% / #)//*5% *%:'"% th% ICC$

    it% re!ard to t%e @ara!ra@% 09t%of t%e @reamble w%ic% "a," t%at and t%e Article 07&0( 0-

    w%ic% KICC e"tabli"%ed under t%i" "tatute "%all be com@limentar, to national criminal

    =uri"diction"G' Article 007reiterate" t%i" and Article 07&0( "tate" t%at a ca"e i" inadmi""ible

    w%en it i" bein! in#e"ti!ated or @ro"ecuted b, a "tate t%at %a" =uri"diction o#er it' or w%en

    t%e ca"e %a" alread, been in#e"ti!ated and t%e "tate %a" decided not to @ro"ecute. In "uc%

    circum"tance" t%e court ma, onl, @roceed w%ere t%e State Ki" unwillin! and unable

    !enuinel,G to in#e"ti!ate or @ro"ecute t%e ca"e.

    In t%i" &Al a"%irG" ca"e0;( re!ard' t%e C%amber %a" alread, %eld t%at

    ...Q t%e admi""ibilit, te"t of a ca"e ari"in! from t%e in#e"ti!ation of a "ituation %a" two

    @art". T%e fir"t @art of t%e te"t relate" to national in#e"ti!ation"' @ro"ecution" and trial"concernin! t%e ca"e at %and in"ofar a" "uc% ca"e would be admi""ible onl, if t%o"e

    State" wit% =uri"diction o#er it %a#e remained inacti#e in relation to t%at ca"e or are

    unwillin! or unable' wit%in t%e meanin! of article 07&l( &a( to &c(' 8 and : of t%e

    thEm@%a"i

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    80

    Statute. T%e "econd @art of t%e te"t refer" to t%e !ra#it, t%re"%old w%ic% an, ca"e mu"t

    meet to be admi""ible before t%e Court01

    In it" 09 2ebruar, 899- Deci"ion' t%e C%amber @ut forward t%e onl, eFi"tin!

    definition of article 07&l( &d( !ra#it, t%re"%old @ro#ided for to date in t%e

    =uri"@rudence of t%e Court.

    Accordin! to "uc% definition an, ca"e ari"in! from an in#e"ti!ation before t%e Court

    will meet t%e !ra#it, t%re"%old @ro#ided for in article 07&l(&d( of t%e Statute 89 if t%e

    followin! t%ree ue"tion" can be an"wered affirmati#el,

    0. I" t%e conduct w%ic% i" t%e ob=ect of a ca"e ","tematic or lar!e "cale &due

    con"ideration "%ould al"o be !i#en to t%e "ocial alarm cau"ed to t%e international

    communit, b, t%e rele#ant t,@e of conduct(

    8. Con"iderin! t%e @o"ition of t%e rele#ant @er"on in t%e State entit,' or!ani

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    88

    to ualif, a" crime" a!ain"t %umanit,. T%e two e""ential element" of t%e !ra#it, of

    alle!ed act" are wide"@read and ","tematicG.

    Kwide"@readG relate" to t%e "cale of an attac a!ain"t a ci#ilian @o@ulation not an

    i"olated act but lar!e "cale action directed a!ain"t multi@le #ictim". KS,"tematicG' on

    t%e ot%er %and' carrie" a connotation of @remeditation b, an or!ani

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    8:

    com@letel, under t%e aut%orit, of r. lucana owin! to t%e fact %e wa" t%e 3ead of

    t%e State.

    () r. lucana wa" declared t%e %ead of t%e State of na

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    84

    &a( illin! member" of t%e !rou@

    &b( Cau"in! "eriou" bodil, or mental %arm to member" of t%e !rou@

    &c( Deliberatel, inflictin! on t%e !rou@ condition" of life calculated to brin! about

    it" @%,"ical de"truction in w%ole or in @art

    &d( Im@o"in! mea"ure" intended to @re#ent birt%" wit%in t%e !rou@M

    1. r. lucana committed !enocide b, cau"in! "eriou" bodil, or mental %arm to

    member" of eac% tar!et !rou@' under Article -&b( of t%e Rome Statute' b, u"in! t%e

    "tate a@@aratu"' to cau"e "eriou" bodil, or mental %arm to member" of ma"auri

    t%rou!% act" of ra@e' ot%er form" of "eFual #iolence' torture and forcible di"@lacement

    of member" of t%e"e !rou@"' wit% intent to de"tro, t%e !rou@ a" "uc%' in w%ole or in

    @art' in #iolation of Art". -&b( and 8*&:(&b( of t%e Rome Statute.

    In Al a"%irG" =ud!ment80it wa" %eld t%at' t%e definition of t%e crime of !enocide in

    article II of t%e Con#ention on t%e Pre#ention and Puni"%ment of t%e Crime of

    5enocide of 014; &t%e 014; 5enocide Con#ention( doe" not eF@re""l, reuire an,

    conteFtual element. T%e a=orit, al"o note" t%at article 4 of t%e Statute of t%e

    International Criminal Tribunal for t%e former u!o"la#ia &t%e ICT( and article 8

    of t%e Statute of t%e International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda &t%e ICTR( %a#eado@ted t%e "ame definition of 5enocide a" t%e one @ro#ided for in article II of t%e

    014; 5enocide Con#ention. And t%e definition of t%e crime of !enocide @ro#ided for

    in article - of t%e Statute i" t%e "ame a" t%at included in article II of t%e 014;

    5enocide Con#ention.M 3ence t%ere are no conteFtual element" to be @ro#en.

    S@ecific element" w%ic% need to be @ro#en are two' w%ic% are common to t%e abo#e$

    mentioned fi#e cate!orie" of !enocidal act" @ro#ided for in Article - of t%e Statute

    &i( t%e #ictim" mu"t belon! to a @articular national' et%nic' racial or reli!iou"

    !rou@and &ii( t%e @er@etrator mu"t act wit% t%e intent to de"tro, in w%ole or in @art

    t%at @articular !rou@.

    In t%e @re"ent ca"e' t%e #ictim" of t%e attac belon!ed to t%e tribe of ma"auri

    @articularl, includin! women w%o were ra@ed and tortured mentall, and @%,"icall,.

    Two' @er@etrator i.e. r. lucana acted wit% t%e intent to de"tro, in w%ole or in @art

    t%e et%nic tribe of ma"arui. Se#eral ma"auri were rounded u@ on t%e ba"i" of %a#in!

    21 The ro%ec#tor ". mar a%%an Ahmad A* Ba%hr. ICC$98?9*$90?91$08*(211).

    ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))&RITTENSUMISSIONONEHALFOFTHECLAIMANT

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    8*

    lin" wit% t%e alle!ed con"@irac, of remo#in! %im from t%e office. Out of t%e %undred

    t%ou"and @eo@le w%o were brutall, murdered' almo"t ninet, @ercent were t%e ma"auri.

    C'$t 2

    M$"%" 3'/tt$t 3")%/ ##/t h$)#t6

    &Article 7&0(&a( and Article 8*&:(&b( of t%e Rome Statute(

    Pur"uant to Art. 7&0( of t%e Statute' a crime a!ain"t %umanit, i" con"tituted if t%e act"

    %a#e been committed a" @art of a wide"@read or ","tematic attac' directed toward"t%e ci#ilian @o@ulation' wit% nowled!e of t%e attac. %en t%e ma"auri @eo@le "ta!ed

    a %u!e demon"tration in front of t%e @re"ident lucana official re"idence and blamed

    t%e !o#t. for t%e outbrea of t%e %o"tilitie". T%in!" become #iolent w%en few !un"%ot"

    were fired and a" a re"ult t%e crowd !rew #iolent and tried to "torm t%e @re"ident

    @alace. T%e @olice and militar, official came down wit% a %ea#, %and and mo"t of t%e

    ci#ilian" were !unned down or i" be%eaded at t%e @re"idence re"idence @lace.

    In Al a"%irG" ca"e' t%e C%amber %eld t%at'

    in order to con"titute a crime a!ain"t %umanit,' Article 7&0( of t%e Statute al"o

    reuire" t%at t%e rele#ant act" of #iolence be committed wit% nowled!e of t%e

    attac "uc% t%at t%e @er@etrator new t%at t%e conduct wa" @art of or intended t%e

    conduct to be @art of a wide"@read or ","tematic attac a!ain"t a ci#ilian

    @[email protected]; a" di"cu""ed in I""ue 0.

    A" t%e C%amber %a" alread, %eld' "uc% nowled!e "%ould not be inter@reted a"reuirin! @roof t%at t%e @er@etrator %ad nowled!e of all c%aracteri"tic" of t%e attac

    or t%e @reci"e detail" of t%e @lan or @olic, of t%e State or or!ani

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    8-

    C'$t @

    R#;% 3'/tt$t # ;#"t ': 3")%/ ##/t h$)#t6

    &Article 7&0( &!( and Article 8*&:( &b( of t%e Rome Statute(

    Article 7 of t%e Rome Statute "tate"

    &0( 2or t%e @ur@o"e of t%i" Statute' crime a!ain"t %umanit, mean" an, of t%e

    followin! act" w%en committed a" @art of a wide"@read or ","tematic attac directed

    a!ain"t an, ci#ilian @o@ulation' wit% nowled!e of t%e attac

    &!( Ra@e' "eFual "la#er,' enforced @ro"titution' forced @re!nanc,' enforced

    "terili

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    87

    In t%e ca"e of Al a"%ir' t%e C%amber %ad alread, %eld

    ...Q accordin! to t%e Statute and t%e Element" of Crime"' t%e definition of

    e#er, crime

    wit%in t%e =uri"diction of t%e Court include" bot% conteFtual and "@ecific

    element".

    3ence' t%e C%amber will fir"t anal,

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    8;

    8. 2or t%e @ur@o"e of t%i" Statute' war crime"M mean"

    &a( 5ra#e breac%e" of t%e 5ene#a Con#ention" of 08 Au!u"t 0141' namel,'

    an, of t%e followin! act" a!ain"t @er"on" or @ro@ert, @rotected under t%e

    @ro#i"ion" of t%e rele#ant 5ene#a Con#ention

    &i( illful illin!

    In @re"ent ca"e @eo@le were brutall, murdered on account of #oicin! t%eir o@inion"

    a!ain"t r. lucana. 3e declared em@%aticall, t%at %e %ad no merc, for t%o"e w%o

    betra,ed t%e cau"e of t%eir nation. 3e al"o !a#e be%eaded man, @eo@le in front of t%e

    %i" official re"idence' clearl, @ro#in! t%at %e willfull, cau"ed t%e illin! of t%e

    ma"auri @eo@le.

    C'$t !'5#t' ': 5#9/ #;;53#*5% t%"#t'#5 #")% 3':53t 3'/tt$t 9#"

    3")%/?

    &Article ;&8(&b(&F#iii( of t%e Rome Statute(

    A" @er Article ; of t%e Statute'

    &8( 2or t%e @ur@o"e of t%i" "tatute' war crime"M mean"

    &b( Ot%er "eriou" #iolation" of t%e law" and cu"tom" a@@licable in

    international armed conflict' wit%in t%e e"tabli"%ed framewor of international

    law' namel,' an, of t%e followin! act"

    &i( Intentionall, directin! attac" a!ain"t t%e ci#ilian @o@ulation a"

    "uc% or a!ain"t indi#idual ci#ilian" not tain! direct @art in %o"tilitie"

    &iii( ilfull, cau"in! !reat "ufferin!' or "eriou" in=ur, to bod, or

    %ealt%

    ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))&RITTENSUMISSIONONEHALFOFTHECLAIMANT

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    81

    &i#( EFten"i#e de"truction and a@@ro@riation of @ro@ert, not =u"tified

    b, militar, nece""it, and carried out unlawfull, and wantonl,

    Article ;&8(&b(&F#iii( of t%e Statute wa" #iolated b, anc%a b, intentionall,

    Em@lo,in! a"@%,Fiation ' @oi"onou" or ot%er !a"e".

    2. I/ #""%/t # /$*/%$%t t"#/:%" ': M". 5$3#8# t' ICC / 5%#5

    After t%e Sate referrin! t%e "ituation in na

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    :9

    PRAYER

    %erefore in t%e li!%t of t%e Aut%oritie" cited' I""ue" @re"ented and written @leadin!"' t%i"

    3onGble Trial c%amber of t%e court ma, be @lea"ed to ad=ud!e and declare t%at$

    I. T%e ICC %a" t%e com@lete =uri"diction to tr, t%e ca"e o#er r. anc%a and t%e ca"e i"

    admi""ible before t%e court.

    II. Arre"t and "ub"euent tran"fer of r. anc%a i" le!al.

    III. r. anc%a i" !uilt, of t%e followin! crime"

    a) Crime of 5enocide under Article -&a( of t%e Rome Statute.

    b) Crime a!ain"t 3umanit, under Article 7&0( &!(

    c) ar Crime" under Article ;&8( &b(&iF(

    All of w%ic% i" re"@ectfull, "ubmitted

    Sd?$

    Coun"el" for t%e Claimant