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APPENDIX E

GOALS OF MUSLIM BROTHERHOODOUTREACH TO CLERGY, EDUCATORS

AND LEADERS

Disclaimer

• Disclaimer –– The views expressed in this brief are those of the

author and do not reflect the views of the of the JointStaff

– This briefing is modified from one given to chaplains– This briefing is based on Islamic law and “extremists” use of it– Except where noted, text cited are either to

• Published “extremists” documents or• Texts or treatments on Islamic law

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Outreach - Equities

• A basis for giving the chaplaincy the outreach mission isthat they have the specific skills to navigate those waters

• In pursuing outreach, it is important to understand– US equities

• Outreach that does not do violence to the “Protect and Defend theConstitution of the United States against all enemies foreign anddomestic” oaths that we all swore

– Respective religious equities of Chaplains in their capacity asreligious leaders

• (To refrain from outreach programs that violate respective beliefs ofreligious groups represented by the chaplaincy )

Outreach in the Cold War

• In the Soviet Era– “Trust but verify”– Know your equities & the range of possibilities– Know the other side’s equities & desired outcomes

• Different members of Soviet outreach missions had differentobjectives

• Shouldn’t we be doing the same today?– Lawyers start by reviewing the relevant published law– The military starts with published threat doctrine– Professional clergy start by reviewing published doctrinal

statements of the belief of involved belief systems

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Building Bridges to a Common Metaphor

• The briefing does not question the need for outreach– It fully supports it

• This brief will examine the “extremists” view to outreachand follow the threads to Islamic law to see where theymay lead.

• In assessing the equities associated with successfuloutreach, the range of possible positive outcomes will beeffected by whether the threads bear fruit as opposed toif they do not.– Should these threads be known and understood?– Does the mission of religious outreach require an underlying

knowledge of the religious doctrines in play?

For Example:The Familiar Elements of Islam

• Islam is not just a religion but rather a complete way oflife governed by Islamic law which comes from Allah whoalone is Sovereign.

• We’ve all heard this!• What does it mean?

• Islamic Religion is understood to be part of a completeway of life that is governed by Islamic law that comesexclusively from Allah – who is the sole basis of law!

• Taken at face value, wouldn’t this mean that Islamic lawmay be –

• Important?• Controlling?

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Islamic Law Says So!

• From the‘Umdat al-Salik (Sacred Islamic Law)– Book A “Sacred Knowledge” a1.0

• a1.1 The knowledge of Good and Bad.– There is no disagreement among the scholars of the

Muslims that the source of legal rulings for all acts ofthose who are morally responsible is Allah MostGlorious.

Legal Treatments from Mainstream IslamicLaw Schools Affirm it!

• From Recognized Professors of Islamic Law– “Islam is a religion and a way of life based on the commandments of

Allah contained in the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet ofIslam, Muhammad (Sallallaho ‘Alaihi Wasallam). Every Muslim isunder an obligation to fashion his entire life in accordance with thedictates of Qur’an and Sunnah.”

Shari’ah: The Islamic Law, ‘Abdur Rahman I. Doi– “Islam, it is generally acknowledged, is a “complete way of life” and at

the core of this code is the law of Islam. This implies that a Muslimthrough his submission to Islam not only accepts the unity of Allah, thetruth of the mission of Muhammad, but also agrees through a contract(bay’ah) with the Muslim community that his life be regulated inaccordance with the ahkam of Allah, and in accordance with theseahkam alone.

Theories of Islamic Law, Imran Ahsan Khan Nyazee

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So, It Should not SurpriseWhen “Extremists” Assert it

• Anyone who derives laws from a source other than Allah,in a way other than what He taught us through theProphet - peace be on him - does not worship Allahalone– Are there associates of Allah who have made permissible for

them in their religion that which Allah has not permitted? (Qur'an42:20)

– Whatever the Prophet gives you, accept it, and whatever heprohibits you, refrain from it. (Qur'an 59:7)

Qutb, Milestones

“Extremists” – A Complete Way of Life

• “Call unto Allah” means surrender to Allah Who is the Creator, theLawgiver and Sustainer. It means to accept His authority in itstotality in every walk of life. It advocates that sovereignty belongs toAllah alone and denies all authorities besides Him.

• Allah alone has the right to ask loyalty and obedience from aMuslim. Only Allah-given laws are to be accepted, practiced andimplemented in an individual’s life and established in the societywhere the Muslims live.

• A joint and concerted effort of all Muslims in that direction is thedirect sequence of call unto Allah. Surrendering to His authority andmaking His Deen dominant are the culminating points of the callunto Allah.

Siddiqi, Methodology of Dawah

These “Extremists” claims can be driven straight into core Islamic Doctrine

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Extremists Texts Relied on

• Milestones• Sayyid Qutb

– Written in 1966 whileawaiting execution inEgyptian prison

– Muslim Brotherhood– Capstone theoretical

document of “extremist”Islam

– Uses Islamic concept ofprogressive revelation tomerge “extremist” ideologywith Islamic law

• Methodology of DawahIllallah in AmericanPerspective

• Shamim Siddiqi– Written in 1989– Operationalizes Milestones

to the US environment– The “outreach” manual of

the Muslim Brotherhood inAmerica

Both books bought in amosque associatedbookstore locally

How extreme can literature be if it is readily available at church,synagogue, temple or mosque associated bookstores?

Sacred Islamic Law: The ‘Umdat al-SalikWill serve as the Legal Measure

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Islamic Law – the Shari’a

• Reliance of the Traveller: A Classic Manual of Sacred Islamic Law– Translated by Nuh Ha MIM Keller in 1994.

• Translation of the Classic 14th Century ‘Umdat al-Salik– first published in 14th Century– By Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri

• Officially Approved Translation by authorities in -– Syria, Jordon, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt

“We certify that the above-mentioned translation correspondsto the Arabic original and conforms to the practice and faith

of Orthodox Sunni Islam (Ahl al-Sunna wa al-Jama’a).” Al-Azhar University

Arab Constitutions & Islamic Law

• Article 3 [Islam] Section 2 of the Syrian Constitution– Islamic jurisprudence is a main source of legislation.

• Chapter 1 Articles 2 & 106 of the Jordanian Constitution– Islam is the religion of the State and Arabic is its official

language.– The Shari’a Courts shall in the exercise of their jurisdiction apply

the provisions of the Shari’a law.

• Chapter 1, Article 7 of the Saudi Constitution– Government in Saudi Arabia derives power from the Holy Koran

and the Prophet's tradition

• Part 1, Article 2 of the Egyptian Constitution– Islamic jurisprudence is the principal source of legislation.

The Point: It is law and it is recognized as the LAW OF THE LAND in the Ummah

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Extremist Rhetoric on Outreach

• In Milestones, Qutb wrote:– The chasm between Islam and Jahiliyyah is great, and a bridge

is not to be built across it so that the people on the two sidesmay mix with each other, but only so that the people ofJahiliyyah may come over to Islam.

– If not, then we shall say to them what God commanded HisMessenger – peace be on him – to say:

– “For you your way, for me mine.” (109:6)Qutb, Milestones

“Extremists” understand both outreach and the bridge metaphor

So What is Jahiliyyah?

• The jahili society is any society other than the Muslim society.– The foremost duty of Islam in this world is to depose Jahiliyyah

from the leadership of man, and to take the leadership into itsown hands and enforce the particular way of life which is itspermanent feature.

– Jahiliyyah is evil and corrupt, whether it be of the ancient ormodern variety.

Qutb, Milestones• America is a Godless society

– America is a predominantly secular cum permissive society– Religion is a personal affair between God and individual– Churches have become more like social institutions than religious

meeting places– The Judeo-Christian God is powerless

• In a nutshell, American society resembles the society of ignorance –jahiliyah – where Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was appointed asMessenger of Allah to call the people to the fold of their Creator..

Siddiqi, Methodology of Dawah

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Mutually Exclusive Domains• Islam knows only two kinds of societies, the Islamic and the jahili.• The Islamic society is that which follows Islam in belief and ways of

worship, in law and organization, in morals and manners.• The jahili society is that which does not follow Islam and in which

neither the Islamic belief and concepts, nor Islamic values orstandards, Islamic laws and regulations, or Islamic morals andmanners are cared for.

Qutb, Milestones• But Doesn’t the Qur’an Say -

– “There is for you an excellent example to follow in Abraham and thosewith him, when they said to their people: “We are clear of you and ofwhatever ye worship besides Allah: we have rejected you, andthere has arisen, between us and you, enmity and hatred forever –unless ye believe in Allah and Him alone”: But not when Abraham saidto his father: “I will pray for forgiveness for thee, though I have nopower to get aught on thy behalf from Allah.” (Qur’an 60:4)

Not unlike the Islamic legal division of the worldinto the dar al-Islam and the dar al-harb

Milestones – Approach to Outreach

• It is necessary that this vanguard should know the landmarks andthe milestones of the road toward this goal so that they mayrecognize the starting place, the nature, the responsibilities and theultimate purpose of this long journey.

• Not only this, but they ought to be aware of their position asopposed to this Jahiliyyah, which has struck its stakes throughoutthe earth:

– when to co-operate with others and– when to separate from them:

• what characteristics and qualities they should cultivate, and with whatcharacteristics and qualities the Jahiliyyah immediately surrounding them isarmed;

– how to address the people of Jahiliyyah in the language of Islam, andwhat topics and problems ought to be discussed; and where and how toobtain guidance in all these matters.

Qutb, Milestones

Comments on Jahiliyyah speak to outreach but how does it influence it?

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Outreach to AmericaOriented Towards Jews & Christians

• Returning to the “Complete Way of Life” understandingof Islam -

– The Prophet- peace be on him - clearly stated that, according tothe Sharee`ah, 'to obey' is 'to worship'. Taking this meaning ofworship, when the Jews and Christians 'disobeyed' God, theybecame like those who 'associate others with God'.

Qutb, Milestones

– The Christian Community of America will need a specialapproach to make them understand their misguided conceptabout Jesus (PBUH). Prophet Jesus (PBUH) was also amessenger of God, as were others.

Siddiqi, Methodology of Dawah

Outreach to Churches and SynagoguesAs the Object of Dawah

• Churches, Synagogues, Colleges and Universities are veryimportant platforms which must be used for the spread of Dawah

• The I.M.O.A. (Islamic Movement of America) will open dialogueswith dignitaries of the religious institutions, presenting Islam as thecommon legacy of Judeo-Christian religions and as the onlyGuidance now available to mankind

• These talks must be held in a very friendly and non-aggressiveatmosphere

• The religious dignitaries and the learned teachers of Universitiesand colleges will also be invited to speak in the arranged openDawah programs of the Movement on various issues and topics ofcommon interest.

• The will give an opportunity to the Da’ee to thrash out the issue andbring the discussion to the desired conclusion. These dialogues,speeches and discussions will pave the way in reducing their hard-line stand against Islam.

Siddiqi, Methodology of Dawah

Outreach in the service of Dawah

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DAWAH as Outreach

• The speeches will be followed by an open discussion ina scholarly manner. This will provide a good opportunityto attract the Judeo-Christian community in greatnumbers and to put the correct status of these Prophetsbefore them in a historical perspective. It will bepresented in a very academic atmosphere, with noaggressiveness at all under any circumstances.

Siddiqi, Methodology of Dawah

Focus on the Leadership

• It will provide the opportunity to present Islam to thosewho influence and formulate the opinions of the youth oncampuses and grown ups from among the masses

• For Dawah to work in the Universities and colleges, itmust be pointed out that there should be moreconcentration on the teachers than the students

Siddiqi, Methodology of Dawah

-- IN OTHER WORDS -- Members of the clergy (educators and leaders) are

SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIED TARGETS of a SPECIFIALLY TAILORED Information Campaign

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On the “Friendly & Non-Aggressive”Approach

• Manipulate the Legal System– The movement may also seek legal protection from the court for

fundamental human rights to propagate what its adherentsbelieve to be correct and to profess the same throughdemocratic, peaceful and constitutional means.

• From the same plan calling for friendliness at one phase -– The idolaters were finally warned to accept Islam or be ready to

fight. … Muslims were vehemently exhorted to fight in the way ofAllah (SWT) with life and wealth. The people of the Scriptureswere warned either to accept Islam or pay the Jizyah and live thelife of second class citizens under the bounds and bounties ofIslamic State.

Siddiqi, Methodology of Dawah

Qutb & Siddiqi are both “Extremists” who advocate violent jihad.What are the benefits associated with such a friendly approach?

Questions Raised

• Extremists Groups take a cynical approach tooutreach

• So how does “Extremist” rhetoric spiral intoIslamic law --- if at all?– On the status of non-Muslims?

• Christians the primary example in this brief– (Easiest to explain)

– On the seemingly unclear approach?

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“Extremists” View to Christianity

• Making partners with Allah is totally in-conceivable andwrong. The concept of Trinity appears to beunreasonable and self-contradictory. We have toadvance convincing arguments both verbally and inwriting to fight against the dogma of the “human-god” ofChristendom, innovated by the Jewish conspiracyagainst the Prophet Jesus.

Siddiqi, Methodology of Dawah

What does “Making partners with Allah” mean?

“Partners with Allah”Extremist & Islamic Law

• Shirk is an Arabic word which refers to ascribing theattributes, power or authority of God to others besidesHim and/or worshipping others besides Him.

Qutb, Milestones

• But, Islamic Law on Shirk – from the ‘Umdat al-Salik– Book P “Enormities”

• p0.0 Any sin entailing either a threat of punishment in the hereafterexplicitly mentioned by the Koran of hadith, a prescribed legalpenalty (hadd), or being accursed by Allah or His messenger.

– Shirk is Listed as Number 1 on All Lists of Enormities• p1.0 Ascribing Associates to Allah Most High (Shirk)• p1.1 Ascribing associates to Allah Most High means to hold that

Allah has an equal, whereas He has created you, and to worshipanother with Him, whether it be stone, human, sun, moon, prophet,sheikh, jinn, star, angel, or other.

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Shirk and Islamic Law

• Book P “Enormities”– p1.2 Allah Most High says:

• (1) “Allah does not forgive that any should be associated with Him,but forgives what is other than that to whomever He wills” (Koran4:48)

• (2) “Surely, whoever ascribes associates to Allah, Allah hasforbidden him paradise, and his refuge is hell” (Koran 5:72)

• NOTE: Immediately following Verse 5:72 in the Qur’an - from theYusuf Ali translation:– They do blaspheme who say: Allah is one of three in a Trinity: for there

is no god except One Allah. If they desist not from their word ofblasphemy, verily a grievous penalty will befall the blasphemers amongthem. (Qur’an 5:73)

Extremists Position Aligned withIslamic Law and the Qur’an

• The “Extremist” position on “partners with Allah” is adirect lift from Islamic legal concepts of “shirk” that drawits authority from the Qur’an.

• Classifying Christianity as a form of shirk, the Qur’anabrogates its religious value– If anyone desires a religion other than Islam - submission to

Allah, never will it be accepted of him; and in the Hereafter Hewill be in the ranks of those who have lost all spiritual good.(Qur’an 3:85)

• ASIDE - Qur’an Verse 3:85 is understood to have “abrogated” the earlier“no compulsion in religion” verse:– Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands out clear

from error: whoever rejects evil and believes in Allah hathgrasped the most trustworthy handhold … (Qur’an 2:256)

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Islamic Law Relies on the Sunna and Qur’anto Assert as Doctrine

• From the ‘Umdat al-Salik– § w4.3 Imam Baghawi: The Prophet (Allah bless him and give

him peace) said: “By Him in whose hand is the soul ofMuhammad, any person of this Community, any Jew, or anyChristian who hears of me and dies without believing in what Ihave been sent with will be an inhabitant of hell.” This is arigorously authenticated (sahih) hadith that was recorded byMuslim. “Whoever seeks a religion other than Islam will neverhave it accepted of him, and he will be of those who have trulyfailed in the hereafter” (Qur’an 3:85)

Being based on both the Qur’an and Sahih (Sacred) hadith,this point of law is firmly established

Culminates in a Firm Statement of Law

• From the ‘Umdat al-Salik– W4.1(2) Previously revealed religions were valid in their own

eras, as is attested to by many verses in the Holy Koran, butwere abrogated by the universal message of Islam, as is equallyattested to by many verses of the Koran.

– Both points are worthy of attention from English speakingMuslims, who are occasionally exposed to erroneous theoriesadvanced by some teachers and Koran translators affirmingthese religions’ validity

– but denying or not mentioning their abrogation,– or that it is unbelief (kufr) to hold that the remnant cults now

bearing the names of formerly valid religions, such as“Christianity” or “Judaism,” are acceptable to Allah Most Highafter He sent the final Messenger (Allah bless him and give himpeace) to the entire world.

– This is a matter over which there is no disagreement amongIslamic scholars

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Questions from the Last Point of Law

• What is -– Kufr?– Consensus among the scholars?– Abrogation?

• Does it matter?

Kufr’s Nexus to Apostasy• Kufr – unbelief• o8.0 Apostasy from Islam (Ridda) – Leaving Islam is the

ugliest form of unbelief (kufr) and the worst.• o8.1 When a person who has reached puberty and is

sane voluntarily apostatizes from Islam, he deserves tobe killed.

• Acts that Entail Leaving Islam (o8.7) are:– (2) To intend to commit unbelief– (3) to speak words that imply unbelief such as “Allah is the third

of three,” or “I am Allah,”– (4) to revile Allah or His Messenger– (7) to deny any verse of the Koran or anything which by scholarly

consensus belongs to it, or add a verse that does not belong to it

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Consensus

• Book B “The Validity of Following Qualified Scholarship– § b7.1: (‘Abd al-Wahhab Khallaf:) Scholarly consensus (ijma) is

the agreement of all the mujtahids of the Muslims existing at oneparticular period after the Prophets death (Allah bless him andgive him peace) about a particular ruling regarding a matter orevent.

– § b7.2 When the four necessary integrals of consensus exist,the ruling agreed upon is an authoritative part of Sacred Law thatis obligatory to obey and not lawful to disobey. Nor canmujtahids of a succeeding era make the thing an object of newijtihad, because the ruling on it, verified by scholarly consensus,is an absolute ruling which does not admit of being contravenedor annulled.

Consensus exist on Jihad as “warfare against non-Muslims toestablish the religion” and on the requirements of the Caliphate

Abrogation a Function of Islamic Concept ofProgressive Revelation

• Progressive Revelation from the Qur’an– It is a Qur’an which We have divided into parts from time to time,

in order that though mightest recite it to men at intervals: Wehave Revealed it by stages.2317 (Qur’an 17:106)

• 2317. [Qur’an Commentator Yusuf Ali] The marvel is that these parts, revealed atdifferent times and in different circumstances, should fit together so closely and

consistently as they do. All revelation is progressive. The previous revelations werealso progressive. Each of them marked a stage in the world’s spiritual history. Man’smind does not take in more than his spiritual state will have prepared him for. Allah’srevelation comes as a light to illuminate our difficulties and show us the way in actual

situations that arise.

– When We substitute one revelation for another - and Allahknows best what He reveals in stages – They say, “Thou art buta forger”: But most of them understand not. (Qur’an 16:101)

– None of Our revelations do we abrogate or cause to beforgotten, but we substitute something better or similar; knowestthou not that Allah hath power over all things? (Qur’an 2:106)

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Abrogation fromProgressive Revelation Explained

• The law was laid down in the period of the Prophet (peace be untohim) gradually and in stages. The aim was to bring a societysteeped in immorality to observe the highest standards of morality.This could not be done abruptly. It was done in stages, and doingso necessitated repeal and abrogation of certain laws.

• The literal meaning of naskh is canceling or transferring. In itstechnical sense it is used to mean the “lifting (raf’) of a legal rulethrough a legal evidence of a later date.” The abrogating text orevidence is called nasikh, while the repealed rule is called themansukh.

Nyazee, Islamic Jurisprudence

Progressive Revelation Enforced in U.S.Textbooks

• The Dawah/Milestones discipline enforced in U.S.university and college texts on Islam

• Example: Approaching the Qur’an, translated byMichael Sells,– Presents an image of Islam to students that focuses exclusively

on “a careful selection of the earliest ‘suras’ (revelations)” thatnecessarily excludes what Siddiqi refers to as the more“revolutionary aspects” of the faith.

– In keeping with Siddiqi’s 1989 requirement, the 1999 survey textprovides the “concocted and abbreviated form” of Islam thatwithholds the revolutionary aspects of faith until a later time.

• This maintains the Milestone requirement to retainpositive control of the developmental timeline associatedwith the Quranic concept of ‘revelation in stages’ drivesMilestone doctrine

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These Doctrines Raise Serious Questionsthat CANNOT be Discounted

• Some “mainstream” theologians are taking note:

– In the Muslim understanding, the Qur’an comes directly fromGod, unmediated. Muhammad simply wrote down God’s eternaland immutable words as they were dictated to him by theArchangel Gabriel. It cannot be changed, and to make theQur’an the subject of critical analysis and reflection is either toassert human authority over divine revelation (a blasphemy), orquestion its divine character.

Cardinal Pell, 2006

Raising Questions on theLimits of Islamic Outreach

• I accept with reservations the claim that Jews, Christiansand Muslims worship one god (Allah is simply the Arabicword for god) and there is only one true God available tobe worshipped! That they worship the same god hasbeen disputed, not only by Catholics stressing the triunenature of God, but also by some evangelical Christiansand by some Muslims.

• Considered strictly on its own terms, Islam is not atolerant religion and its capacity for far-reachingrenovation is severely limited.

Cardinal Pell, 2006

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Raising Questions on the Viability ofOutreach Along Current Lines

• These differences are deep and significant enough to make it reasonable toreject the claim that Christians and Muslims worship the same God orhonour the same Christ. … Islam regards itself as the true Christianity andthe true Judaism, so that Allah as he is revealed in the Quran must be thetrue God of the Christians and Jews. Thus the claim that Muslims andChristians worship the same God and honour the same prophets serves thesupersessionist program of Islam. To put ‘we worship the same God’ and‘we reverence your prophets’ forward as the basis for interfaith dialoguemasks a profound denial of the work of Christ, and rejection of the savingattributes of the God of the Bible. These principles undermine the veryfoundations of the Christian faith

Anglican Priest Mark Durie, Do We Worship the Same God

Not a question of agreeing or disagreeing with the viewsexpressed by these two theologians but rather one of being

able to meaningfully account for the issues they raise

Reconciling “Extremist” Outreach GoalsAgainst Stated Claims

• Islamic Concepts of– Taqiya– Slander– Tailbaring

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Al Taqiya

• Al-Taqiya - a concept based on Quran 3:28 and 16:106 as well ashadith, tafsir literature and judicial commentaries that permit andencourage precautionary dissimulation as a means for hiding truefaith in times of persecution or deception when penetrating theenemy camp.

• "Concealing or disguising one's beliefs, convictions, ideas, feelings,opinions, and/or strategies at a time of eminent danger, whethernow or later in time, to save oneself from physical and/or mentalinjury.“

• Taqiya has been used by Muslims since the 7th century to confuseand split “the enemy”

• One result is the ability to maintain two messages, one to thefaithful while obfuscation and denial is sent - and accepted -to the non-Muslim audience

William Gawthrop, Islam’s Tools of Penetration

A Doctrinal Basis

• He who makes peace between the people by inventinggood information or saying good things, is not a liar. Bukhari vol.3:857 p.533

• Muhammad said, "War is deceit." Bukhari 4:267 and 269

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Example: A New Talking Points?

• “Interestingly, Islamic tradition does not have a notion of holy war.Jihad simply means to strive hard or struggle in pursuit of a justcause.”

Khlaled Abou El Fadl Professor UCLA, The Place of Tolerance in Islam

• "We would like to point out that “holy war” is a term that does notexist in Islamic languages. Jihad, it must be emphasized, meansstruggle, and specifically struggle in the way of God.“

Open Letter to His Holiness Pope Benedict XVI 39 Muslim Scholars, 12 October 2006

How many have heard this claim?

Relying on the Following Quotesfrom the Qur’an

• I am with you: give firmness to the Believers: I will instill terror into thehearts of the unbelievers. (Qur’an 8: 12)

• Soon shall We cast terror into the hearts of the Unbelievers. (Qur’an 3: 151)

• And those of the People of the Book who aided them, Allah did take themdown from their strongholds and cast terror into their hearts, (so that someye slew, and some ye made prisoners. And he made you heirs of their lands,their houses, and their goods, and of a land which ye had not frequented(before). And Allah has power over all things. (Qur’an 33: 26-27)

• Let not the unbelievers think that they can get the better (of the Godly): theywill never frustrate them. Against them make ready your strength of the utmostof your power, including steeds of war to strike terror into the hearts of theenemies of Allah any your enemies, and others besides, whom ye may notknow, but whom Allah doth know.” (Qur’an 8:56-60)

Remembering Taqiya’s Capacity for Dual Messaging

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Pakistani Brigadier S.K. Malik Reachedthe Following Conclusion

• “TERROR struck into the hearts of the enemies is not only a means;it is an end in itself. Once a condition of terror into the opponent’sheart is obtained, hardly anything is left to be achieved. It is thepoint where the means and the end meet and merge. TERROR isnot a means of imposing decision upon the enemy; it is the decisionwe wish to impose upon him.”

Not just the Madras

Other Verses• Remember thy Lord inspired the angels with the message: “I am with you: give

firmness to the Believers: I will instill terror into the hearts of the Unbelievers: Smiteye above their necks and smite al their finger tips off them.” Quran 8:12

• Fighting is prescribed for you, and ye dislike it. But it is possible that ye dislike a thingwhich is good for you, and that ye love a thing which is bad for you. But Allah

knoweth, and ye know not. Qur’an 2:216

• But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the pagans wherever yefind them, and seize them and beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in everystratagem of war; but if they repent, and establish regular prayers and practiceregular charity, then open the way for them. Qur’an 9:5

• Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden whichhath been forbidden by Allah and His Apostle, nor acknowledge the religion of truth,

even if they are of the people of the Book, until they pay the jizya with willingsubmission, and feel themselves subdued. Qur’an 9:29

Does the Qur’an have no notion of “holy war?”What does Nuh Ha Mim Keller say?

Who is Nuh Ha Mim Keller?

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Slander (Ghiba)

• From the ‘Umdat al-Salik, Book R “Holding OnesTongue”– r2.3 As for talebearing (namima), it consists of quoting

someone’s words to another in a way that worsens relationsbetween them.

– r2.6 The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) said:

• (1) “The talebearer will not enter paradise.”• (2) “Do you know what slander is?” They answered, “Allah

and His Messenger know best.” He said, “It is to mention ofyour brother that which he would dislike.” Someone asked,“What if he is as I say?” And he replied, “If he is as you say,you have slandered him, and if not, you have calumniatedhim.”

• (3) “The Muslim is the brother of the Muslim. He does notbetray him, lie to him, or hang back from coming to his aid.

Talebearing (Namina)

• ‘Umdat al-Salik, Book R “Holding Ones Tongue”

– r3.1 … In fact, talebearing is not limited to that, but ratherconsists of revealing anything whose disclosure is resented,whether presented by the person who originally said it, theperson to whom it is disclosed, or by a third person. … Thereality of talebearing lies in divulging a secret, in revealingsomething confidential whose disclosure is resented. A personshould not speak of anything he notices about people besidesthat which benefits a Muslim to relate or prevents disobedience.

When undertaking Outreach, should theseconcepts be taken into account?

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Closing Thoughts

• Briefing not designed to generate conclusions but to spur thought• “Extremist” rhetoric cannot be discounted on the sole basis that its

effects on the US may be extreme• Following the threads of “Extremist” statements, it turns out that

many find a solid basis in Islamic law• Islamic law is really law and in many Muslim countries, is explicitly

recognized as the utlimate law of the land• Islam appears to have “absolute rules” that seems to support

“extremist” claims

• When undertaking religious outreach with the Muslimcommunity, it is important to understand and account forIslamic doctrines that can effect outreach objectives