APPENDIX...APPENDIX A 1 Expert Questions Compiled – National Driver Safety Survey – Anonymous...

to the National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies

Correspondence should be directed to:

Daniel V. McGehee, PhD, Principal Investigator Transportation and Vehicle Safety Research Program University of Iowa, Public Policy Center 205 South Quad, Iowa City, Iowa 52245 Tel. (319) 335-6819 Email: [email protected]

APPENDIX

Table of Contents APPENDIX A 1

Expert Questions Compiled – National Driver Safety Survey – Anonymous Version

APPENDIX B 30 Consumer Workshop - Cognitive Interview Script

APPENDIX C Survey Instrument

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APPENDIX D 89

GfK National Survey Project Survey Report

APPENDIX E 201

National Survey Preliminary Findings

Appendix A: National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies

Expert Questions Compiled – Anonymous Version

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Introduction In preparation of the National Survey of Consumer Driving Safety (National Survey), the University of Iowa and consultants collected information from a diverse group of national experts in vehicle safety and driver behaviors. The collective group represents individuals from academia, industry and governmental organizations to assist in defining the broader survey questions for the National Survey. This document includes anonymous content from our academic, industry and government experts.

The National Survey seeks to: • Identify critical gaps in public awareness of vehicle safety systems• Gain knowledge regarding defensive driving skills currently used by drivers• Pinpoint the most effective messages and techniques for encouraging safer

driver behavior• Improve awareness and use of active safety technologies

Academic experts were invited to serve on an “Academic Panel of Expert” consultants focused on the topic of how drivers understand active safety systems in their vehicles – and how to provide education that may help them more effectively use these systems. Academics experts were offered an honorarium for submitting a paper with survey question recommendations along with their rationale for their formulated questions. In addition, the Academic Panel was also tasked with providing a short overview of the key issues related to driver understanding of safety technologies, particularly gaps in consumer understanding that might be addressed through an educational approach. Participation in the effort was completely voluntary.

The document below includes the compilation of expert formulated questions for the National Survey. The questions represent expert responses in raw and unedited form. In effort to begin organizing and developing survey themes, the questions were grouped around 4 naturally occurring categories:

1. General understanding of vehicle safety system technologies2. Car versus driver relationship3. How are consumers informing themselves about their vehicle and how are they

learning about their vehicle4. Driver/Respondent demographics

These groupings do not define the survey topics or survey flow, more so just supplied the ability to think about these questions collectively and how they may or may not connect to one another.

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General understanding of vehicle safety system technologies Perception of the technologies vs how technology is actually used

a. Models about potential and profiles of safety technologies by the consumer.Understanding system capabilities and limits. Some drivers make false assumptions about the technologies

i. “Imaging how they would react to a productb. Unjustified expectations about technologies and “automation”

i. IE – need for driver to be engaged and FULL attentionii. Idea of “unintended safety consequences” if drivers overestimate

their capabilities or do not understand what the systems are intendedto do

Question Examples provided by experts Question 1 Some vehicles are available today that take active control of the vehicle from the driver in certain situations for a period of time, combining – for example – adaptive cruise control with a function that automatically keeps the vehicle centered in the driving lane. With such systems, what is your understanding of the need for the driver to continue to pay attention to the roadway and the driving environment while such a system is engaged?

1. The driver should always pay full attention to the roadway and the drivingenvironment, even though the automated system is temporarily doing thedriving.

2. It might be necessary for the driver to occasionally pay attention to the roadwayand the driving environment, but the system is designed to ensure safeoperation and the driver can engage in some non-‐driving activities, like checkinge-‐mail or reading a book

3. When the automated system is engaged, it is completely safe and the driver isfree to pay full attention to non-‐driving activities, like checking e-‐mail or readinga book.

4. I don’t know

Without some context or a specific example, I’m not sure if most drivers would really understand this question. This question might be enhanced by playing a short video or two describing an existing automated system and how it would work (for a video of the Mercedes Benz 2014 S-‐Class Distronic Plus system, see http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-‐pWRV7YaxnM)

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Question 2 What information do you wish you had known about [the system] when you first started using it; things that you have since found out about the “hard way” after using the system for awhile?

a) Situations or conditions where the system does not workb) Limitations in the system’s ability to respondc) Options for making adjustments to the system (configuring it)d) Interpreting or understanding the system’s displays, including sounds issued

by the device or other messages or signalse) Nothing – I understood most all of what I needed to know soon after using

the system

Alternative Phrasing or Approaches: § Has the system every confused or surprised you; has it reacted in unusual or

unexpected ways? (possible response options are listed in the system-‐specific question #1)

§ Has this feature lived up to your expectations in terms of how it works and performs? ( Yes/ No) If not, how has it fallen short; what were the biggest misconceptions you had about the feature? (possible response options are listed in the system-‐specific question #1)

§ Pretend you were writing a manual on “lessons learned” about this system, what are two or three things you would want others to know about? (possible response options are listed in the system-‐specific question #1)

Question 3 Do you think that knowing the underlying technologies or sensors used to achieve the system’s functions would help you to better understand the system’s capabilities and limitations? Yes/ No If yes, what types of information do you feel would help you to better understand the system’s performance capabilities and limitations? (Check all that apply)?

a) Non-‐technical description of the types of sensors used(cameras, radar, GPS, roadway-‐based sensors, communicationbetween vehicles, combination, etc)

b) Location of the sensorsc) Number of sensors

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d) Pictures showing the operating range, or field of view, of the sensors

e) Description of the Conditions likely to interfere with the sensors to degrade it performance

f) In-‐vehicle displays that show sensor status information g) Other (please specify):

Alternative Phrasing or Approach: Do you think that you would be able to understand the system better if the system displayed information about the reliability of the information being received by the sensors – a type of confidence level display? Yes/No Question 4 (Target Area: Perceived Usefulness, Effectiveness, and Acceptance) What is your general impression of the following types of vehicle-‐based advanced safety systems? Please assign a rating that best describes your attitude towards each general type of system. [After Rating Is Assigned] Do you own or have you experienced this type of system?

System Type or Class Rating Own or Experience

Systems that provide drivers with information to aid in making decisions, such as rear vision cameras, or parking aids. (Information–Only systems)

Yes/No

Systems that warn or alert drivers to the presence of hazards typically through some type of sound, such as forward collision warnings, pedestrian warnings, backing warnings, or lane departure warnings. (Warning-‐based systems)

Yes/No

Systems that momentarily assume control over the vehicle to avoid a crash or reduce the severity of a crash by braking and/or steering. (Intervention-‐based systems)

Yes/No

Systems that automatically drive such as self-‐parking cars or cars that are able to automatically drive on freeways (Automation)

Yes/No

Ratings:

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1. I am Very Comfortable with this type of system (Openly Welcome and Would Use)

2. I am Comfortable with this type of system (Generally Positive About Their Use)

3. I am Neutral with this type of system 4. I am Uncomfortable with this type of system (Have Some Reservations

About Their Use) 5. I am Very Uncomfortable with this type of system (Have Great Concern

Over Such Systems) Question 5 What are your primary concerns, if any, for systems that automatically drive such as self-‐parking cars or cars that are able to automatically drive on freeways (Check all that apply) a) General concern with the concept of handing control over to the car

for extended periods, or applications b) Concern over the types of environments and situations it can handle c) Concern that it may not be able to recognize or respond to a variety

of hazards or obstacles d) Knowing who is responsible for what; which tasks can be handed

over to the system and which remain with the driver e) Anxiety and uncertainty about whether or not the system will be

able to respond, or whether I need to intervene (should I take over or will the system kick-‐in?)

f) Concern over its reliability g) Fear that it may malfunction leading to a loss of vehicle control

resulting in a crash or near crash h) Concern that the system may not be able to recognize that it is

failing i) Concern that these types of system would cause drivers to mentally

“check-‐out” and stop paying attention to the road or fall asleep j) Nothing – I have no great concerns over systems that automatically

drive the car Question 6 Have you ever been surprised or startled by how your car responded?”

a) Yes b) No

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c) If Yes “Please describe the event.” Provide the option to describe several events (OPEN END)

Question 7 Has your car ever responded in a way that prevented an accident? (OPEN END??) – no responses provided Question 8 Given an example of a vehicle technology that “surprised” you by doing something you did not expect. How did it surprise you? What had you expected to behave differently? How would you recommend this technology be designed to work better based on this experience? Question 9

Rate your level of agreement with the following statement: “Technology has an important role in making life better, including improved safety on our roadways” (Check only one). p Strongly Disagree p Disagree p Undecided/Neutral p Agree p Strongly Agree Question 10 The safety systems in my vehicle do which of the following?

a. Improve my visibility behind the vehicle b. Improve my seeing distance at night c. Help maintain a safe distance to a vehicle ahead of mine d. Automatically brake hard to avoid a collision with a vehicle ahead e. Warn me of a potential crash but do not brake f. Warn me of that I may be drifting off the road g. Automatically steer the vehicle to avoid drifting off the road h. Automatically brake the vehicle to avoid a pedestrian i. Warn me that a vehicle is in the adjacent lane in my blind spot j. I’m not really sure if my car has any of these features

Explanation: If you are not selecting drivers to survey based on specific make/model vehicles that have particular CAST of interest, a question like this would help to identify what technologies drivers are using.

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Question 11 Advances in automotive safety continue to enter the automobile marketplace. However, the general driving population operates vehicles with a wide range of manufacture dates. On average, young drivers operate older vehicles than more experienced drivers. Please select the figure that you think best matches the average age of the vehicle driving by drivers that are 17 18 years old:

a. 4 years old b. 7 years old c. 10 years old d. 13 years old e. 15 years old

Question 12 (Industry experts input) How do consumers define safety technologies? How do they think about them? What is it the consumers think they do to improve safety? No answer choices provided Question 13 (Industry experts input) How many times has your <insert system here> gone off? Question 14 (Industry experts input) Have you ever experienced <insert system here> warning or intervention? No answer choices provided Question 15 (Industry experts input) Do you have <XYZ> system? No answer choices provided Question 16 (Industry experts input) How do you turn it on? No answer choices provided

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Specific Safety Technology Questions provided by experts Question 1 System (function) Response Options

ACC (including Stop & Go ACC)

I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - Does not respond to slow moving or stopped vehicles

ahead of me in my lane (ACC) - May suddenly re-‐accelerate on curves if loses the vehicle

ahead of me (ACC) - May suddenly and unexpectedly brake for no apparent

reason - Does not brake to a complete stop (ACC) - Will not work under adverse weather conditions such as

rain - Does not automatically change the set speed (programmed

speed) when the external speed limit changes - May not respond to abrupt merging vehicles, or close-‐in

merges - May cut-‐out or simply stop working, particularly when

making lane changes (Stop & Go) - Will not automatically re-‐accelerate after stopping (Stop &

Go) - May not be able to track or detect motorcycles - Other, please specify: (open ended)

Parking Assist and Backing Warning

I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - Is not intended to function above certain speeds (Park

Assist) - Does not always provide sufficient advance notice to allow

me to react. (Or) Is not really intended as a warning device since it does not adjust the timing of alerts based on my backing speed (Park Assist)

- Provides a predictive display to help me see my projected backing path (Park Assist)

- May completely fail to detect an obstacle in my path - May issue unnecessary alerts or warnings when nothing is

actually behind me (prone to false alarms and missed detections)

- May fail to detect objects to the sides of the vehicle Automatic Braking (for Backing and/or

I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - Is subject to false alarms and may suddenly and

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Forward Crash Avoidance or Mitigation)

unexpectedly brake hard for no reason - May fail to brake in time to avoid hitting an obstacle - May not brake or respond to certain types of hazards such

as pedestrians or children - May not keep the car stopped indefinitely, releasing the

brakes after a set time interval - Releases the brakes once I depress the brake pedal, or if I

accelerate (knowing how to override the braking) - Has an operational speed range where the system is

capable of operating Forward Collision Warning

I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - Is subject to false alarms and may suddenly and

unexpectedly issue a warning for no apparent reason - May fail to warn me in time to avoid hitting an obstacle - May not reliably respond or warn me under certain

conditions of threats (pedestrians or children, etc) - Allows me to adjust the timing or sensitivity of the system

Speed and Curve Warning/Advisor

I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - May provide inaccurate or missing speed limit information - May provide conflicting information relative to the posted

external signs (may post speed limits for nearby parallel roadways)

- May use generic curve graphics such that the actual direction of the curve may not be represented in the displayed graphic

- Can indicate the presence of multiple curves – back to back curves

- Does not provide curve details (e.g., how sharp the curve is)

- Does not update the speed limits information until actually reaching the location of the external posted sign

Rear Cross Traffic Alert (for detecting cross traffic when backing)

I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - Provides information as to the direction of the approaching

cross-‐traffic - Shares a common display format with other features (park

assist), yet has unique audible and visual warning indicators

- May respond to objects other than vehicles such as pedestrians, but is not designed to serve as a pedestrian warning system

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Side Blind Zone (includes sensors and camera-‐based applications) Systems useful for Aiding Lane Change Decisions

I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - Only serves as an information aid, and does not intervene

to prevent me from changing lanes - Only detects the presence of cars currently in my blind spot

areas, and not fast approaching vehicles - Only issues a warning [audible/visual] if I use my turn signal

when a vehicle is occupying that lane - I can disable the system (turn it off) - Provides a distorted image of the areas surrounding my car

[for camera-‐based versions] - Provides color-‐coded areas to help me judge distances and

make go/no go lane change decisions [for camera-‐based versions]

Lane Departure Warning

I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - Only serves as an information aid, and does not intervene

to prevent me from departing the lane - I can adjust the sensitivity of the system to warn me earlier

or later - Is only active when the vehicle is traveling over a given

speed threshold - I can disable the system (turn it off); either temporarily or

permanently Autonomous Self-‐Parking

[Note: these are evolving quickly, so features may vary widely] I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - The system only steers -‐ I need to operate the controls

(accelerator, and brake; gear shift to start) - Is capable of parking in parallel and perpendicular spaces - Can automatically detect and respond to hazards when

parking - May straddle two open parking spots - Does not know if the open parking spot is a legal space - Stops if I grab the steering wheel

Lane Keeping (Lane Centering)

[Note: To my knowledge this feature is not currently production in the US, but is expected to be within the next few years]. Some “theoretical” operational issues are detailed below; however, there are too many variations in designs right now to define a concrete set of system-‐specific questions. I wish I had known or understood that the system…(check all that apply) - Does not steer to avoid obstacles in my lane such as

stopped vehicles, road debris, or animals

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- Does not automatically change lanes; lane changes be accomplished manually

- Only operates when the vehicle is traveling above a certain speed

- Does not work in city or urban environments [some systems]

- Only operates in freeway environments [some systems] - Only works on roadways that have painted lane striping - Requires me to hold the steering wheel [some systems] - Does not automatically adjust my lane position when

driving next to a large truck or tractor trailer - May loose tracking and veer off the roadway unexpectedly

Note that individual OEM’s may have different system feature implementations – not all of the response options may apply. Alternative Formats/Phrasing The above information in the table (question responses) can be used to draft alternate questions, as shown below. Has the Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system lived up to your expectations in terms of how it works? (Yes/No). If not, how has it fallen short: what were the biggest misconceptions you had about the feature? - Expected it to respond to slow moving or stopped vehicles ahead of me in my

lane - Did not expect it to suddenly re-‐accelerate on curves if loses the vehicle ahead of

me - Unexpectedly braked for no apparent reason - Expected it would brake to a complete stop - Expected it would work under adverse weather conditions such as rain - Expected it would automatically change the set speed (programmed speed)

when the external speed limit changes - Expected it would respond to abrupt merging vehicles, or close-‐in merges - Expected it would be able to track or detect motorcycles - Other, please specify: (open ended)

Question 2 System (function) Response Options

ACC (including Stop & Go ACC)

- Programming the set speed - Programming the headway or spacing level to forward

vehicles - Identifying if the system has detected a lead vehicle - Deciding when to use the system; system doesn’t seem to

work well under certain roadway situations (hilly or curvy

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roadways) or environmental conditions (rain). - Knowing how to switch between conventional cruise and

ACC - System sometime sounds an audible chime, but unsure of

the reason [braking insufficient, intervention needed] - Why system does not respond to slow moving or stopped

cars - Inability to set closer following distances to lead vehicles - Other, please specify: (open ended)

Parking Assist and Backing Warning

- Learning to disable or turn off the system - Mapping the timing of the audible sounds to actual

distances to external objects - Detecting the sounds or alerts – too soft - Alerts were hard to distinguish from other system

warnings [applies to cases where the vehicle is equipped with multiple systems]

- Location of the visual displays - Other, please specify: (open ended)

Automatic Braking (for Backing and/or Forward Crash Avoidance or Mitigation)

- How to override the automatic braking (accelerator pedal override)

- Determining the amount of force required to override braking

- How to assume control back from the system - Other, please specify: (open ended)

Forward Collision Warning

- Timing of the warnings were too: a) early, b) late - Alerting sound was too loud or annoying

Speed and Curve Warning/Advisor

- Timing of the messages were too: a) early, b) late - Curve symbols were confusing and ambiguous - System messages were not noticeable - Presentation of new information (change in speed limit)

was not clearly signaled Rear Cross Traffic Alert (for detecting cross traffic when backing)

- Alerts were not attention getting - Alerts were hard to distinguish from other system

warnings [applies to cases where the vehicle is equipped with multiple systems]

- Location of the display was not compatible with where I normally look when I back

- Cues used to indicate the direction of the approaching vehicle were not intuitive making it hard to quickly judge the direction of the threat

- Displays were cluttered making it hard to identify hazards (too many things to look at)

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Side Blind Zone (includes sensors and camera-‐based applications) Systems useful for Aiding Lane Change Decisions

- Location of the display was not compatible with where I normally look when making lane changes, making it hard to use

- Passing traffic constantly triggered the display making it annoying and distracting

- Display too bright at night making it annoying - Sometimes the display was not easy to see (glare, bright

ambient daylight) which caused me to failed to detect the presence of a vehicle


- Audible alert is annoying and intrusive particularly when traveling with passengers

- System sensitivity is annoying: a) warns too early, b) warns too late

- Learning when the system is active or not Autonomous Self-‐Parking

- Learning how to activate the system - Using the display to learn what to do - Confirming that the system has acquired the correct space - Coordinating activities between myself and the system,

especially under time pressure - Aborting or stopping the car once the maneuver has

started - Getting feedback that the system has or has not detected a

hazard or potential threat Lane Keeping (Lane Centering)

[Note: To my knowledge this feature is not currently production in the US, but is expected to be within the next few years]. Some “theoretical” operational issues are detailed below; however, there are too many variations in designs right now to define a concrete set of system-‐specific questions. - Activating the system can be frustrating; it can only be

activated when a defined set of conditions are met and can be hard to achieve.

- Can’t always rely on the displays to provide accurate information – sometimes the system is not able to recognize that it is failing

- Handing control back to the system after overriding it can be difficult; hard to know when the system has assumed control

Note that individual OEM’s may have different system feature implementations – not all of the response options may apply. Question 3 Sometimes different vehicles have very similar safety systems that go by different names. Sometimes the function of a safety system is not clear from the name.

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Sometimes the vehicle displays use abbreviations or icons to denote the function. In the table below, we have listed descriptions of a number of different safety functions that may be in vehicles. Please fill in this table to tell us what you think the safety system should be called. Also tell us how you think it might be shortened by abbreviation or an acronym so that it can fit on a vehicle control or in a small display panel. If you have an idea of how it may be shown with an icon, please sketch that in or describe it. Description of the safety function

What name would you give this safety function?

How would you abbreviate this safety function?

Describe how an icon might identify this safety function

The vehicle gives you a warning sound when you are closing in on an obstacle in front of you This system keeps you from skidding during hard braking on slippery roads; you can stop faster and also steer while you are stopping When a vehicle several cars in front of you in a line of traffic brakes suddenly, you get an immediate warning, even if you cannot see the braking vehicle Etc Etc

Question 4

Some new vehicles are equipped with lane departure warning systems that provide you with an alert under certain circumstances – for example, if the vehicle crosses a lane boundary when your turn signal is not on. If you frequently drive a vehicle with such a system, how often do you turn the system off so that you are not provided with alerts?

a. I don’t frequently drive a car with a lane departure warning system.

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b. I never turn the lane departure warning system off. c. I occasionally turn the lane departure warning system off. d. I almost always or always turn the lane departure warning system off. e. I don’t know.

Question 5 Many new vehicles are equipped with a built-‐in navigation system. When using a navigation aid for directions, how often do you use a smartphone or other electronic system (Garmin, etc.) instead of the vehicle manufacturer built-‐in system?

a. I don’t use a vehicle with a manufacturer-‐equipped navigation system. b. I never use a smartphone-‐based application or other electronic system

(always use the manufacturer system) for directions. c. I occasionally use a smartphone-‐based application or other electronic system

(occasionally use the manufacturer system) for directions. d. I almost always or always use a smartphone-‐based application or other

electronic system (never use the manufacturer system) for directions. e. I don’t know.

Question 6 Many new vehicles are equipped with voice command interfaces. When making calls while driving, how often do you use the vehicle manufacturer equipped voice command interface to dial phone numbers?

a. I don’t use a vehicle with a voice command interface. b. I don’t make phone calls while driving. c. I never use the vehicle’s voice command interface when dialing phone

numbers. d. I occasionally use the vehicle’s voice command interface when dialing phone

numbers. e. I almost always or always use the vehicle’s voice command interface when

dialing phone numbers. f. I don’t know.

Question 7 For drivers who have purchased a vehicle with a CAST, does your system automatically activate when you start your vehicle?

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YES, NO, Not Sure

Question 8 If you have to activate it, do you know how to do it? YES, NO, Not sure Question 9 Do you know how to turn the system off?

a. YES, b. NO, Not sure

If YES, How often do you turn it off?

a. Never b. Seldom c. Occasionally d. Frequently e. Always

Question 10 What is the primary reason you turn it off?

a. I thought it had unnecessary warnings b. I thought it was annoying c. I thought it interfered with my driving d. I thought it was distracting e. I thought it interfered with other vehicle systems

Question 11 For your (lane keeping system; blind spot warning system; forward crash prevention system, …) Were there any features that you did not understand? a) Yes b) No

If Yes, what were they? Question 12

Have you encountered any driving situations where the safety feature operated in a surprising way to you? (For example, did it do something that you would not have predicted it would do? Or were you surprised that there were situations where it should have warned you or braked, but it did not?)

a) Yes b) No

If Yes, what were the surprising situations? _______________________

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Comment: The questions in the Cahour study had a continuous response option, to develop a Likert scale. I think for the DUCAST, it would be more helpful if you could get a yes/no answer and obtain the specific features or circumstances that drivers did not understand

If YES, after experiencing these surprising or unexpected situations, what did you do? Check all that apply:

a. Turned the system off b. Looked in the owner’s manual for an explanation of what happened c. Took the car in to the dealer or mechanic to check it out d. Tried to looked up the problem on line e. Sent in or call in my concern to the Government safety agcncy f. Sent in or called in my concern to the manufacturer g. Other _________________

Question 13 Based on the actions you took (as indicated by your response to the question above) and what you learned, how has your use of the CAST changed? Check all that apply.

a. It has not changed, I still do not use it b. I am still trying to figure out how the system is supposed to work and

how to operate it c. I use the system, but do not think it will give me any safety benefits d. I use the system. I am comfortable that I understand how to use the

system, what to expect, and how it will improve my safety Question 14 (NW) For this questionnaire, we would like you to focus on your experience with the <seatbelt assurance system>: This system uses sensors to detect when you are not wearing your seatbelt and then restricts vehicle mobility in order to encourage you to use your seatbelt.>1 Effectiveness Please us this rating scale to indicate your level of agreement with these statements about the effectiveness of this vehicle technology. Di

sagree

Strongly

Disagree

Note

Sure

Agree

Agree

Strongly

1. This technology helps me enjoy driving. 2. This technology helps me get to my destination. 3. This technology helps me avoid traffic hazards. 4. This technology prevents crashes. 5. This technology reduces the risk of injury if there is a

1 Insert the name and description of any technology.

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crash. 6. This technology benefits my passengers. 7. This technology benefits me as a driver. 8. This technology makes me drive at safe speeds. 9. This technology makes me keep a safe following distance. 10. This technology makes me wear my seatbelt. Question 15 Efficiency Please us this rating scale to indicate your level of agreement with these statements about the efficiency of this vehicle technology.

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

Note Sure

Agree

Agree Strongly

11. It is easy to learn how to use this technology. 12. This technology is easy to operate. 13. I can always remember how to use this technology. 14. This technology is always works reliably. 15. This technology behaves the way I expect it to 16. This technology does not require lots of my attention. 17. This technology communicates in a way I understand. 18. This technology has an interface that does not distract

me.

19. This technology lets me know when it is not working properly

20. I can end my interaction with this technology whenever I want.

Question 16 Satisfaction Please us this rating scale to indicate your level of agreement with these statements about the efficiency of this vehicle technology.

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

Note Sure

Agree

Agree Strongly

21. I enjoy this technology. 22. I trust this technology. 23. I rely on this technology. 24. I want this technology in my own car. 25. I would pay extra to have this technology. 26. I look forward to using this technology. 27. I am satisfied with this technology. 28. I am never stressed by this technology. 29. I think the interface of this technology is attractive. 30. I would recommend this technology to my friends.

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Question 17

Finally, please answer these questions about your experience with this technology: Describe what you liked most about the <seatbelt assurance system>.2 _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Describe what you disliked most about the <seatbelt assurance system>. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Describe your most frustrating experience when using the <seatbelt assurance system>. Describe how you would recommend changing the <seatbelt assurance system> to make it more acceptable and useful. How much would you be willing to pay to have this technology in your vehicle? $ ____________

Car vs Driver Relationship Question Examples provided by Experts Question 1 “The driver is the most important component for safe driving.” (Check only one). p Strongly Disagree p Disagree p Undecided/Neutral p Agree p Strongly Agree Question 2 “The vehicle is the most important component for safe driving.” (Check only one). p Strongly Disagree p Disagree

2 Insert name of technology.

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p Undecided/Neutral p Agree p Strongly Agree Question 3 Please describe your cell phone use while driving:

a. Never use b. Rarely use c. Sometimes use d. Often use e. Regularly use

Explanation: This question might be an indicator of driver risk taking level and how much the driver might even pay attention to safety information. The high phone users might be the very drivers who would benefit most from some type of educational campaign to encourage their proper use of these anti-‐distraction technologies.

How are consumers informing themselves about their vehicle and how are they learning about their vehicle Sources of information

a. How and where are going people, data are they using to inform themselves about their vehicle. What sources of information do they immediately go to? How do they learn about their car when they have questions?

b. Different subgroups of drivers prefer to learn the technology differently

Question Examples provided by the experts Question 1 When you drive a car with an unfamiliar technology or new safety feature, what steps do you generally take to learn the features or capabilities of this new technology or safety feature?

1. I learn by experience – I drive the car and learn how the new technology or safety feature works over time.

2. I read the Owner’s Manual very carefully to see how the system works 3. I ask someone (e.g., a salesperson at the dealership or a friend) to explain how

the new technology or safety feature works 4. I research the new technology or safety feature using the internet or other

means

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5. I use some combination of 1-‐4 (if so, which ones?):Other (describe):

Question 2 Which sources of information would you likely access to learn about how a particular advanced safety system works? Please rank order the following sources from most likely (1) to least likely (7) Vehicle Owners Manual

Brochures

Dealership staff

Demonstrations

DVD supplied with the vehicle

Internet (including videos)

Embedded Tutorials

Other (please specify):

Question 3 Assume you are planning to drive a vehicle that you are unfamiliar with, such as a new vehicle or a rental car. How would you go about determining what safety technologies are in this vehicle? Select your most likely action.

• Ask someone at the provider (car dealer, rental agent)• Look in an owner’s manual• Go on line• Study the vehicle controls and displays• Other (specify) _____________________• I would not be interested enough to find this out

Question 4 Assume you have just purchased a new car with a number of advanced safety features. What would be your preferred way of learning about what those features are, how they work, and how to use them?

• Have the dealer go through them and explain how they work• Written material, such as the Owner’s Manual or quick guides• Video

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• Web site • Trying things out on my own

Question 5 Assume that one year from now you get into a new mid-‐priced car. What would be your best assumption about whether that car has the following safety features?

Safety Feature Almost certainly has this feature

Probably has this feature

About equal likelihood it does or does not have this feature

Probably does not have this feature

Almost certainly does not have this feature

Adaptive cruise control

Blind spot alert Forward collision warning

Automatic braking

Out-‐of-‐lane warning

Anti-‐lock brakes Low tire pressure alert

Etc. Etc. Etc. Question 6 What resource did you use to learn about using these technologies? p Cars salesman p Manual p Trial and error p Internet ….

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Question 7 For drivers who have purchased a vehicle with a CAST (crash avoidance safety technology), How did you primarily learn about using the system and how it operates? Check no more than the 2 most useful sources.

a. Help from the sales staff at the dealership b. Test drives at dealerships c. Reviews from professional testers in consumer or automobile magazines

or websites d. Information from Government safety agencies e. Friends or relatives f. Consumer reviews on the Internet g. The owners manual h. A DVD that came with the vehicle i. An online tutorial provided by the manufacturer

Question 8 Have you ever had concern or question about your CAST (Forward Crash Warning, lane departure warning, etc) that caused you to look in your owner’s manual for an explanation?

a. YES b. NO;

If YES, what was your question? ________; Question 9 Did the owner’s manual give you a satisfactory explanation?

a. YES b. NO;

If NO, what did you do to find the answer?

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Respondent/Consumer demographic related Question Examples provided by Experts Question 1 What safety systems does your vehicle include? No responses provided by expert

Question 2

Which of the following technologies do you have in your current vehicle (check each)?

p Forward collision avoidance warning p Lane departure warning system. ….

Question 3

Which of the following technologies do you rely on (use) regularly in your current vehicle (check each)?


Question 4

Which of the following technologies helped you to decide to buy your current vehicle (check each)?


Question 5

Which of the following technologies do you want to have on your next vehicle (check each)?

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p Forward collision avoidance warning p Lane departure warning system. …. Question 6

2. For drivers who are looking to buy a new vehicle: a. Have you been looking to buy a vehicle with a safety feature that may

help you avoid crashes, such as one that helps prevent lane change crashes, rear end crashes, or run off road crashes or …? YES, NO

3. If YES, what top two sources are you most likely to use to learn how these systems work and differ from one manufacturer to another?

a. Reviews from professional testers in consumer or automobile magazines or websites

b. Information from Government safety agencies c. Friends or relatives d. Consumer reviews on the Internet e. Test drives at dealerships f. Information from sales staff

Question 7 What are you most hoping to learn about this safety feature to help you make your decision? Choose no more than 2. (or possibly ask them to rank order choices)

g. Cost differences h. Reliability—the extent to which they need repair i. Reputation of manufacturer j. How easy it is to understand how they work k. How easy they are to operate l. How it will enhance my driving m. What research has found about the actual safety benefits n. How many years the system has been for sale (i.e., is it a proven and

tested technology) o. Other _________________________

Question 8

Let’s assume your daughter is 17 years and 6 months old. She has a large network of girl friends that all drive and are all within 6 months of the same age as your daughter. Everything being equal, approximately how big would her group of friends have to be in order to expect one of them to be involved in a fatal motor vehicle crash during the next year?

b. 25 friends

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c. 50 friends d. 500 friends e. 1000 friends f. 2500 friends

Answer: 2500 friends Question 9

You and your spouse are very special. You are biologically about 33 years old, never age, have unlimited wealth and have a new baby boy every January 1st. When a son turns 16, you provide them with an average vehicle and send them on their way in a manner that matches all other parents with newly licensed 16 year-‐old drivers. How many years, on average, do you think must pass between fatal crashes of your sons during their 16th year?

a. 60 years b. 600 years c. 1200 years d. 6000 years

Answer: 1200 years

Question 10 Under the same circumstances as the previous question, how many years should you expect to wait between police reported or property damage crashes?

a. 5 years b. 15 years c. 50 years d. 100 years e. 500 years

Answer: 15 years Question 11 Review the list of actions a parent might take to reduce the chance of their newly licensed teen driver being involved in a motor vehicle crash. Select “1” next to the action you think has the best potential to prevent the teen’s involvement in a crash.

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Then rank the remaining list with 5 assigned to the action with the least potential. The numbers 1 through 5 may only be used once in your rankings.

1 2 3 4 5 Completing the minimum number of practice hours of driving prior to licensing 1 2 3 4 5 Purchasing a vehicle for the teen that has front and side airbags 1 2 3 4 5 Enrolling in a performance monitoring and video feedback program 1 2 3 4 5 Utilizing a GPS program that includes speed monitoring 1 2 3 4 5 Adhering Graduated Licensing guidelines and restrictions in effect for the teen Question 12 Select the statement that best matches your beliefs about motor vehicle crashes:

a. Motor vehicle crashes are most often accidents that can’t be prevented. b. Motor vehicle crashes are most often NOT accidents as they can be prevented

through safe driving habits. c. Motor vehicle crashes are about an equal mix of crashes that could and couldn’t be

avoided.

Question 13 Select the statement that best matches your opinion about your current or future teen driver:

a. The behaviors and attitudes I see when I’m supervising my teen’s driving likely match their behaviors and attitudes when I’m not in the car.

b. The behaviors and attitudes I see when I’m supervising my teen’s driving probably don’t match their behaviors and attitudes when I’m not in the car with my teen.

c. I really don’t know if the behaviors and attitudes I see when I’m supervising my teen’s driving are the same when I’m not in the car.

Observations by Experts

• To understand the educational need of drivers and driver approaches to inform them, the survey should include drivers who are also PLANNING to buy a new car as well as drivers who already have vehicle w/ CAST (MP)

• Industry à Understanding people’s experience w/ control systems (those that change what the car is doing – braking, steering, gas) – hearing about people’s experiences with automatic braking or experience w/ lane keeping control – did it do the right thing?

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• People “turn off” lane departure warning as an annoyance – add that into the matrix of technologies. Extent to which people are leaving these systems on; also measure their tolerance thresholds for turning them off/on (RK, GM)

• Do people understand what the camera can see (e.g. – a skid can look like a lane marking). Should we get an idea of how they believe the technologies intercepts the driving environment?

• Do people know where their technology systems are located w/in the vehicle – ie, where the camera is?

• Get an idea of what systems consumers are finding helpful, which ones they are not and what they would want in their next vehicle (e.g. – airbags – I want them but I’ve never experienced them)

• Likert scale of happiness for how the information is communicated to the driver (alerts, warnings, meeting expectations)

• Be really careful to find out what systems respondents ACTUALLY have on their vehicles (vs. what they may say they have on their vehicles). They are often not aware of what they have on their vehicle – and this may influence what they say about how their system acts. For example, blind spot, cross-‐traffic alert, and emergency-‐braking are all systems that consumers may have misunderstandings about whether they have or don’t have – or which type of these systems they have on their cars.

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Appendix B: National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies

Consumer Workshop - Cognitive Interview Script

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Please record the time the respondent starts the SELF – ADMINISTERED survey on their own.

Date: ______________

Respondent #____________

Interviewer ____________ Time Started: _____________________

Time Ended: _____________________

Interviewer notes taken while the respondent is taking their survey. Please note any questions the respondent brings to you during their self-‐administered survey on the attached blank page. Please use discretion when writing notes.

Interviewer Instructions – Below is the word script to the online survey. The respondent will have the iPad in front of them and you and the respondent will walk through the instrument again. You will also have a Word Document (without skip patterns) of the survey available to the respondent in case they do not want to use the iPad again. Some of the questions do include a skip pattern, so if they did not answer the question, you will not need to ask them the INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS. Please just ask the respondent if they recall answering the question.

Please feel free to take some notes during the interviewer, however we will transcribe the interview later on, so please LISTEN to the respondent.

• Please note any questions that the respondent seems to be agitated, frustrated, upset or eludes to not understanding aparticular question. Things to look for: long pauses, confused looks, spending way too long or way too short a time ona question.

• Please note if the respondent says they would now change their answer after re-‐reading the question with you.

Instructions to respondent: Thank you for agreeing to participant in this interview. The purpose of this interview is to develop questions about people’s understanding of safety systems in their vehicle. Your feedback will help us learn how to better develop our survey questions, prior to the national survey that will take place this fall. The purpose of this interview is to find out what you think about the questions and how you interpret them. For this project, we need to find out if the questions make sense to everyone and if everyone understands the questions in the same way. Your interview will help us find out how the questions are working. This interview will last approximately an hour. Some of the questions may seem repetitive and even somewhat strange. This is because we are testing the questions, and we need to understand what people are considering when they form an answer. Please do your best to answer the question as you understand them.

Everything you tell me is confidential and will be kept private and will not be included in any reports or publications. There are no right or wrong answers. If you do not want to answer a question, please tell me and I will move to the next question. Before we begin, do you have any questions?

Before we go into the survey, I’d like to do a warm-‐up to get you thinking out-‐loud. This exercise is to get you in the frame of mind to talk out loud about what you’re currently thinking, imaging or processing. For this exercise, I’d like you to describe the vehicle you own, or the vehicle you drive most often. Please tell me all about the vehicle, make, model, color, year, where you drive it, anything that comes to mind. <respondent description>

Great, we can now get started! I know you just took the survey yourself. We will go through the survey again, and this time, I’d like you to answer questions about what you were thinking when you were going through the survey on your own. You do not need to tell me your answer. I’m just looking to know how you interpreted the question. I have a paper copy of the survey here for you to reference to try to remember what you originally answered when you took the first on the iPad.

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Basic Driving Habits/Your Vehicle

DO NOT NEED TO READ AGAIN Welcome to the National Survey of Consumer Driving Safety! This survey will take approximately 20 minutes of your time. We will ask you questions about vehicle safety features and skills you use to stay safe on the road.

This survey is not a test. Your responses are completely confidential and there are no right or wrong answers.

Q1 Do you have a valid driver's license? NO INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS

Yes

No

Q2 Approximately how many miles per week do you drive?

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • When you answered this question, how did you arrive at the number of miles you drive a week?

• What time period were you thinking about when you answered this question?

• Did you try to count each time you drove, or did you make a general estimate?

• How accurate would you say your answer is?

Q3 How often do you drive a motor vehicle, regardless of whether it is for work or other personal use? Please select the best option:

Every day

3 to 5 days a week

Once a week or less

Only certain times a year

Never

Don't know 32

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • Are there any answer choices we might be missing?

Q4 Have you purchased a brand new vehicle within the last year?

Yes

No

Don't know

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • If your own words, what does “Brand new vehicle” mean to you?

• PROBE – if they do not clearly define “brand new” as no MILES or less than a certain amount of miles.

Q5 What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box.

Make: (for example, Chevrolet, Volvo, Toyota, Volkswagen, etc:

Model: (for example, Impala, S50, Camry, Passat, etc)

Specific Model Type: (for example. Ford Focus SE, Chrevolet Malibu Class, Toyota Corolla Sport)

Year: (1999, 2005, etc)

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • Where you able to recall your make, model and specific model type of your car?

• Are the provided examples clear and help you to understand what each item means?

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Q6 To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have? Click on the ? symbol to view a basic definition of the technology.

Does have this feature

Almost certainly has this feature

About equal likelihood it does or does not have

this feature

Almost certainly does not have this

feature Does not have this

feature

Cruise Control ?

Anti-lock brakes ? Back-up/rear-

view camera ? Back-up warning

system ?

Blind spot alert system ?

Adaptive cruise control ?

Forward collision warning ?

Lane departure warning ?

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • When you considered each technology of this question, what came to mind?

• Did you have any difficulty with any of these technologies?

• How accurate would you say your answer is for having the technology in your car? Why?

• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything? What is missing?

• I also have provided a copy of the definitions, that you should have seen displayed in the survey by the ? (questionmark). Was it easy to click on the definition to see the survey? Do the definitions seem clear and make sense toyou?

• Are there any technologies you have not heard of on this list before this survey?

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Knowledge Questions about Driving Safety

Q7 Looking at the list of technologies below, please answer if you’ve ever interacted with the technologies and your understanding of the technologies.

I have NOT interacted with this t echnology, and…

I have interacted with this technology, and…

I do not understand how it

works.

I do understand how it works.

I do not understand how

it works.

I do understand how it works.

Cruise Control

Anti-lock braking system

Traction control

Back-up/rear view camera

Back-up warning system


Forward collision warning

Lane departure warning

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS

• What do you think the table above is asking you about?

• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything?

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We would like you to tell us how comfortable you would be driving a vehicle with the safety systems we list below. Some of these systems are only in the design stage and are not widely available. We are interested in your answers regardless of whether you own or have driven a vehicle with these features. Please answer the questions based on your comfort of using the technologies while driving a vehicle. If you are unsure or don’t know, please answer "Don't know".

Please indicate your level of comfort with each of the following types of vehicle safety technology. Click on the ? symbol to view a basic definition of the technology.

Q8 Technologies that provide drivers with information for making decisions, such as rear vision cameras or parking aids

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what does “technologies that provide drivers with information for making decisions,” mean to

you?

• Was it easy or difficult to choose which box to select? Why?

Very comfortable 2 3 4 Very uncomfortable Don't know 1 5

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Q9 Technologies that automatically drive the vehicle on the roads.

Very comfortable Very uncomfortable 1 2 3 4 5 Don't know

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what does “technologies that automatically drive the vehicle,” mean to you?


Q10 Technologies that automatically park the vehicle.


INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what does “technologies that automatically park the vehicle,” mean to you?


Q11 Technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example) – forward collision warnings?, pedestrian warnings?, backing warnings? or lane departure warnings


INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what does “technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for

example,” mean to you?

• Was it easy or difficult to choose which box to tick? Why?

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Q12 Technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering


INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what does “technologies that take control of the vehicle,” mean to you?


NOTE TO INTERVIEWER -‐-‐ The next few questions asked of the respondent to descript their discomfort with any of the technologies if they noted a 4 or 5, so we will not ask any cognitive questions since these were open ended questions.

Q13 You indicated you were uncomfortable with technologies that provide drivers with information for making decisions, such as rear vision cameras or parking aids, do you have any concerns you would like to share regarding this vehicle safety technology? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box.

Q14 You indicated you were uncomfortable with technologies that automatically drive the vehicle, park themselves, or automatically drive on freeways, do you have any concerns you would like to share regarding this vehicle safety technology? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box.

Q15 You indicated you were uncomfortable with technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example) – forward collision warnings, pedestrian warnings, backing warnings or lane departure warnings, do you have any concerns you would like to share regarding this vehicle safety technology? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box.

Q16 You indicated you were uncomfortable with technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering, do you have any concerns you would like to share regarding this vehicle safety technology? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box. 38

Understanding of Vehicle Safety Technologies

The next items ask you for your understanding of how recent vehicle safety technologies work. Please check the response that comes closest to your understanding. If you don’t know or are unsure, please answer "Don't know".

Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Q17 Cruise control:

Can be turned on by touching the gas pedal

Can be turned off by touching the brake pedal

Will turn itself off when you get too close to a slower moving car

Don't know INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS

• How did you arrive at your answer?

• Was this question easy or difficult to answer? Why?

• How sure of your answer are you?

• What did you think about when deciding how to answer this question?

• How did you feel about this question?

Q18 Anti-lock brakes:

Work best when you pump the brakes

Work best when you steadily apply the brakes

Provide mechanical noises and pulsations to know the anti-lock braking system is NOT working

Don't know




• How sure of your answer are you? 39



Q19 What does this symbol mean if you see it lit up on your dashboard?

You need an oil change

One of your tires needs air

A headlight is burned out

Don't know







40

Q20 A back-up or rear vision camera:

Provides a view of the area behind the car so the driver doesn't have to check their surroundings

Works especially well at night

Provides a view of the area behind them through a video display in the vehicle

Don't know







Q21 Back-up or rear obstacle detection alert sensors (without a camera view):

Accurately warn a driver of all obstacles located behind them so the driver doesn't have to check their surroundings

Alerts the driver there are possible objects located behind the vehicle

Will sound an alert every time an object is located behind the vehicle, even when the vehicle is not in reverse

Don't know







Q22 Adaptive cruise control:

Requires the driver to turn on the system and define the desired following distance to vehicles in front 41

Adapts the preferred set speed of the cruise control based on driver information stored in the key fob

Requires the driver to turn the GPS system on so that the cruise control system knows what the speed limit is

Don't know







• Do you think of ACC as its own separate technology or as an enhancement of regular cruise control?

Q23 Blind spot alert systems:

Sounds an alert to the driver there are children or other objects located behind the vehicle

Provides the driver with an alarm alert every time a passing vehicle is located in the blind spot on the side of their vehicle

Only provides this alert to the driver when the turn signal is on

Don't know






• When you answered this question, did you think of blind spot alert system as alerting you when you are parking orbacking up or when the vehicle is in motion and someone enters your blind spot?

42

Q24 Forward collision warning systems

Provides an alert whenever the car gets close to another vehicle or object, such as when you pull up behind someone in a drive thru lane

Will only work when a car in front of you is stopped, not if it is moving

Provides an alert to the driver when the system detects a stopped or moving object ahead that will be hit if the driver does not slow down

Don't know







Q25 Lane departure warning systems:

Warn you when you are taking a curve too fast and are about to go off the road

Warn you when you drift out of your lane in either direction

Warn you that a car next to you is drifting out of their lane and may hit you

Don't know







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Q26 How much would you be in favor of using each of the following?

Very Fairly Not much Not at all Don't know

A “black box” located in vehicles that would be able to identify what caused a crash

Drowsy driver detection devices that warn the driver to stop if he/she was too tired to drive

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • What went on in your mind when you were asked these questions?

• How accurate would you say your answer is for each of the technologies above? Why?


Q27 Below are several statements regarding your beliefs about technology. For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree

Science and technology make our way of life change too fast.

Scientists can be trusted to make the right decisions.

Technology, in general, can make this place a safer place.

I would describe myself as someone that embraces new technology.

I frequently purchase the newest types of technology available.

I find working with computers very easy.

I always try to understand how a technology works that I use in my daily life.


• What went on in your mind when you were asked these questions?

• How easy or difficult was it to select an answer from the options provided? Why?


44

Q28 How often do you think each of the following factors are the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Never Rarely Sometimes Often Very often Always Don't know

Driving when tired

Drinking and driving

Taking illegal drugs and driving

Driving under the impairment of prescription drugs (drugs that were prescribed to the driver)

Make/answer a call with handheld phone

Texting and driving or using the phone for other than making a call

Bad weather conditions

Inexperience (less than 3 years driving)

Aged people driving (65 and over)

Vehicle malfunction


• What went on in your mind when you were asked these questions?

• What type of malfunction do you think of when you hear “Vehicle malfunction” – the last answer choice.



• Do you think your friends might answer this question honestly regarding their behavior?

45

Driving Behaviors and Beliefs

Q29 Do you think of your vehicle as a means of transportation, or as something special–more than just a way to get around?

I think of my vehicle simply as transportation

I think of my vehicle as more than just a way to get around

Don't know INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS

• In your own words, what you believe the question is asking?


Q30 Do you spend your personal time working on a vehicle or restoring older vehicles?

Yes

No

Don't know No interviewing questions

Q31 Do you like to keep up on the latest types of vehicle trends including new vehicle features, technologies, and other new market vehicle trends?

Yes

No

Don't know

NTERVIEWER QUESTIONS

• In your own words, what you believe the question is asking?

• Was it easy or difficult for you to answer this question? Why?

• What first comes to mind when you hear “new vehicle features, technologies or other market vehicle trends?”

46

Q32 Please read the statements below and select the best answer that describes you.

All of the time Most of the time Some of the time Rarely Never

I send and receive text messages while driving a vehicle.

I talk on a cell phone while driving a vehicle.

I frequently drive over the speed limit.

I believe the driver is the most important component of safe driving.

I believe the vehicle is the most important component of safe driving.




Q33 How much would you agree that our roads have become safer over the past 10 years?

Very Fairly Not much Not at all Don't know

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • In your own words, what do you believe this question is asking you?

• Are there any categories missing from the options provided or do they cover everything? What do you believe ismissing?

47

Q34 The statements presented below are regarding motor vehicle crashes. Please read the statements below and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree

Motor vehicle crashes are often accidents that cannot be prevented.

Motor vehicle crashes are most often NOT accidents as they can be prevented through safe driving habits.

Motor vehicle crashes are about an equal mix of crashes that could and could not be avoided.

Motor vehicle crashes can be less severe with safety systems in your vehicle.


• Why did you choose a particular answer, rather than one of the others?

• Was it easy or difficult to select an answer?

Seeking Information

Q35 Have you ever driven a vehicle (whether you personally owned the vehicle or not) that acted in a way that startled you?

Yes

No

Don't know

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • What first comes to mind when you were asked this question? PROBE – allow the respondent to come up with an

answer. If they have trouble, probe to try to find out if it was a specific event that occurred while they were drivingor in some other occurrence.

The next few questions below will ask you how you seek information regarding concerns about your vehicle. Please select the option that best describes you. If you are unsure you may answer "Don't know".

Q36 Did you seek information to understand why your vehicle behaved the way it did?

Yes

No

Don't know

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS • What first comes to mind when you read “seek information”? 48

• PROBE – trying to see if they think collecting information/gathering information or if they are looking into sources,etc?

Q37 In the past, when your vehicle has responded in a way you did not understand, did you use any resources below to seek information? Please select all that apply:

Internet - Google or other type of search

Online video (YouTube, Google Video, etc)

Online forums

Contacted my local mechanic

Visited my local mechanic

Contacted dealership I purchased the vehicle from

Visited the dealership

Visited a dealership of my car's brand

Contacted the manufacturer

Checked the manufacturer's website

Books

Brochures, pamphlets

Used social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc)

Read the owner's manual

Asked friends or family

I just learned by trial and error

None of the above

Other, specify:

Don't know


• In your own words, what do you believe this question is asking you about?



Q38 Of the resources you checked above, please rank those as the most helpful in assisting you to understand the problem with your vehicle.

INTERVIEWER QUESTIONS If they answered this question, ask them how they were able to interface with the ranking system. Did it make sense, what the question was asking them to do? Did they know to rank 1 as the most helpful?

» Internet - Google or other type of search 49

» Online video (YouTube, Google Video, etc)

» Online forums

» Contacted my local mechanic

» Visited my local mechanic

» Contacted dealership I purchased the vehicle from

» Visited the dealership

50

» Visited a dealership of my car's brand

» Contacted the manufacturer

» Checked the manufacturer's website

» Books

» Brochures, pamphlets

» Used social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc)

» Read the owner's manual

» Asked friends or family

» I just learned by trial and error

» None of the above

» Other, specify:

» Don't know

Q39 In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any of the sources below would you access to understand the problem?


• In your own words, what do you believe this question is asking about? (NOTE TO INTERVIEWERS – want to makesure that respondents are noticing the difference between this question and Q37. NOTE – respondents receive Q37,if they reported their vehicle acting in a surprising manner. However, ALL respondents receive Q39).



Internet - Google or other type of search

Online video (YouTube, Google Video, etc)

Online forums

Contacted my local mechanic

Contacted dealership I purchased the vehicle from

Visited the dealership

Visited a dealership of my car's brand

Contacted the manufacturer

Checked the manufacturer's website

Books 51

Brochures, pamphlets

Used social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc)

Read the owner's manual

Asked friends or family

I just learned by trial and error

None of the above

Other, specify:

52

Q40 Below are symbols that you have may seen displayed in the dashboard of your vehicle. If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best represents when you contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:

Less than a Longer than Same day 2-3 days week 2 Weeks 1 month a month Don't know

53


• Did you recognize these symbols?

• For those that you did not recognize did you just answer ‘Don’t Know’

• Did this chart make sense to you?

• Were there any choices missing? Was it easy to select an answer choice?

Q41 Have you ever checked the owner's manual for any problems you were having with your vehicle?

No interviewer questions Yes

No

Don't know

Q42 When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly describe the problem? If you do not know, please write 'DK' in the answer box.

Q43 If you were to purchase a new vehicle and the below technologies were available at an additional cost, please indicate the amount you add onto the purchase price to have the below technologies.

$500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,500 >$5,000

I would not pay

additional for this

technology Don't Know

Adaptive Cruise Control

Anti-lock brakes (ABS)

Blind Spot Detection



Back-up/rear-view camera

Back-up warning system (does not have a camera)


• In your own words, what do you believe this question is asking about?54

• Was it easy for you to select an answer choice?

DEMOGRAPHICS – No interviewer questions – skip to end Interviewers-‐ Thank you for going through the questions with me and providing your feedback. I just have a few more general questions to ask you regarding the survey. I have a copy of the entire survey available, if you want to flip back through it to recall anything.

• Before you took the survey did you have a different idea of “vehicle safety systems” versus after taking the survey?

• Do you think of your vehicle safety systems individually or as a component of the car?

• In general, were the section headings clear to you? Did they adequately describe what each section’s questionswere about?

• Did any of the sections seem redundant?

• What sections of the survey did you really enjoy?

• What sections did you not enjoy and/or understand what the question was asking?

• Is there anything else regarding vehicle safety systems that you believe was not included in this survey that youbelieve should be included?

Thank you again for answering our questions. The interview is now complete! You may now check in with Ashley McDonald to receive your gift card.

Interviewer De-‐brief Please fill in the interviewer report regarding your interview with the respondent.

• Overall how did the survey go?

• Did the respondent seem frustrated or agitated throughout the survey or during particular questions? Things to lookfor: long pauses, confused looks, spending way too long or way too short a time on a question. Please elaborate

55

Appendix C: National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies

Survey Instrument

56

National Survey of Driving Safety: Online Survey Screenshots Sample

Questions presented in the same order as questionnaire (no logic filters in the following presentation).

Consent.

Q1.

57

Q2.

Q2A.

58

Q3.

Q4.

59

Q5.

Q6.

60

Q7.

Q8.

61

Q11.

Q12.

62

Q13.

Q14.

63

Q16.

Q90.

64

Q17.

Q18.

65

Q19.

Q20-Q21

66

Q22.

Q23.

67

Q24.

Q25.

68

Q26.

Q27.

69

Q28.

Q29.

70

Q30.

Q31.

71

Q32.

Q33.

72

Q34.

Q35.

73

Q36.

Q37.

74

Q38.

Q39.

75

Q40.

76

Q41.

77

Q84.

Q85.

78

Q86.

Q87.

79

Q88.

Q89.

80

Q42.

Q43.

81

Q44

Q45.

82

Q46.

Q47.

83

Q48.

Q49.

84

Q50.

85

Q51.

86

Q52.

Q53.

87

Q54.

Q60.

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Appendix D: National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies

GfK National Survey Project

Report

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The GfK Group Project Report for the

National Consumer Driver Safety Survey

Submitted to: Ashley B. McDonald University of Iowa

Date submitted: October 23, 2014

GfK PROJECT DIRECTOR: Poom Nukulkij GfK ACCOUNT EXECUTIVE: Wendy Mansfield GfK PROJECT NUMBER: 310.111.00287.1

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GfK Deliverable Authorization Printed Name Signature Date Title

Sergei Rodkin, Ph.D. 10/23/2014 VP, Government and Academic Research

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Study Design & Documentation

Introduction

The GfK Group (GfK) conducted the National Consumer Driver Safety survey behalf of the University of Iowa. Specifically, the study examined the experiences and knowledge about driving and automobiles in a national sample of adult respondents with driver’s licenses who drove at least 90 minutes per week.

Sample Definition, Field Period and Survey Length

The study was conducted on KnowledgePanel®, a probability-‐based web panel designed to be representative of the United States. The sample for this survey consisted of non-‐ institutionalized general population adults (18+ year olds) who were screened in-‐field to determine whether they had a valid driver’s license and whether they drove at least 90 minutes per week. Those who did not meet both criteria were terminated from the study.

The survey was fielded in English in two stages: A Pretest survey and a Main survey. For each survey, GfK sampled randomly age eligible adults. Selected panel members for each survey received an email invitation to complete the survey and were asked to do so at their earliest convenience.

The Pretest survey was designed to test the functionality and length of the instrument in a small sample of approximately 25 panel members. The median completion time of the Pretest survey was 22 minutes. Upon review of the Pretest results, the Main survey was programmed using the Pretest as a basis. The median completion time of the Main survey was 24 minutes.

Upon completion of the survey, qualified members received a post-‐survey incentive worth a cash-‐equivalent of $5.

The final programmed Main survey instrument is shown in Appendix A.

The field periods, completion and qualification rates for the Pretest and Main surveys are presented below.

Field Start Field End N Fielded N Completed

Completion Rate

N Qualified*

Qualification Rate

Pretest 9/5/2014 9/10/2014 79 41 51.8% 28* 68.2%

Main 9/12/2014 9/28/2014 4,278 2,772 64.8% 2,015 72.3%

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* 27 qualified cases were delivered in the Pretest dataset. The remaining case completed afterthis data delivery.

Survey Cooperation Enhancements

Email reminders to non-‐responders were sent on day three of the field period for the Main survey. For the Main sample, two additional email reminders were sent, one at day 11 and another at day 14 prior to the end of data collection.

Data File Deliverables and Descriptions

For each survey, GfK prepared and delivered fully-‐formatted datasets containing the survey and demographic data with the appropriate variable and value labels. The table below shows the final Pretest and Main survey files delivered:

Delivery Date File Type File Name File Size

N Record

s

Inclusion of Standard

Background Demographics

9/10/2014 SPSS SAV UnivofIowa_DriverSafety_Pretest_ Client.sav 410kb 27 Yes

5/27/2014 SPSS SAV UnivofIowa_DriverSafety_Main_Cl ient.sav 11.9Mb 2,015 Yes

In addition to the survey variables from the Main interview, GfK’s standard profile variables, a set of additional profile variables, and a series of data processing variables created by GfK were provided in the data file. The following table shows the name and description of all variables included in the Main survey dataset.

Name Label CaseID Case ID tm_start Interview start time (GMT) tm_finish Interview finish time (GMT) duration Interview duration in minutes weight Post-‐Stratification weight QFLAG DOV: Qualification Flag Q2 Do you have a valid driver's license? Q2A Do you drive 90 minutes or more per week?

Q3 In the last 7 days, how much time do you think you spent driving a vehicle, including trips on the weekend?

Q4 Have you purchased or leased a brand new vehicle within the last year? Q5_1 [Make] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? Q5_2 [Model] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?

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Q5_3 [Specific Model Type] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? Q5_4 [Year] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? Q5_1_Refused [Refused -‐ Make] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? Q5_2_Refused [Refused -‐ Model] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?

Q5_3_Refused [Refused -‐ Specific Model Type] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?

Q5_4_Refused [Refused -‐ Year] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?

Q6_1 [Cruise Control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?

Q6_2 [Anti-‐lock braking system (ABS)] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?

Q6_3 [Traction control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?

Q6_4 [Back-‐up camera] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?

Q6_5 [Back-‐up warning system (without camera view)] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?

Q6_6 [Blind spot alert system] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?

Q6_7 [Adaptive cruise control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?

Q6_8 [Forward collision warning] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?

Q6_9 [Lane departure warning] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?

Q7_1 [Cruise Control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

Q7_2 [Anti-‐lock braking system (ABS)] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

Q7_3 [Traction control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

Q7_4 [Back-‐up camera] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

Q7_5 [Back-‐up warning system (without camera view)] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

Q7_6 [Blind spot alert system] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

Q7_7 [Adaptive cruise control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

Q7_8 [Forward collision warning] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

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Q7_9 [Lane departure warning] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

Q7_10 [None of the above] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

Q7_Refused [Refused] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of. Q11 Technologies that automatically drive the vehicle. Q12 Technologies that automatically park the vehicle.

Q13

Technologies that warn or alert the driver to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example). These types of systems include – forward collision warnings, pedestrian warnings, back-‐up cameras, back-‐up warning systems or lane departure warnings.

Q14 Technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering.

Q16 What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically drive the vehicle on the road?

Q16_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically drive the vehicle on the road?

Q90 What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically park the vehicle?

Q90_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically park the vehicle?

Q17 What concerns might you have about technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example)?

Q17_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example)?

Q18 What concerns might you have about technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering?

Q18_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering?

Q21 [Cruise control] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Q22 [Cruise control] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Q23 [Anti-‐lock braking system (ABS)] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Q24 [Anti-‐lock braking system (ABS)] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Q25 What does this symbol mean if you see it lit up on the dashboard? Q26 [Symbol on dashboard] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Q27 [Back-‐up warning system (without a camera view)] Please check the response that

reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

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Q28 [Back-‐up warning system (without a camera view)] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Q29 [Back-‐up camera] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Q30 [Back-‐up camera] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Q31 [Adaptive cruise control] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Q32 [Adaptive cruise control] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Q33 [Blind spot alert system] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Q34 [Blind spot alert system] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Q35 [Forward collision warning system] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Q36 [Forward collision warning system] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Q37 [Lane departure warning system] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Q38 [Lane departure warning system] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Q39_1 [A black box located in vehicles that would be able to identify what caused a crash] How much would you be interested in using each of the following?

Q39_2

[Drowsiness and attention-‐assist technologies that warn the driver to stop if he/she is too tired to drive] How much would you be interested in using each of the following?

Q40_1 [Science and technology make our way of life change too fast.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q40_2 [Scientists can be trusted to make the right decisions.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q40_3 [Technology, in general, can make the world a safer place.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q40_4 [I would describe myself as someone who embraces new technology.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q40_5 [I frequently purchase the newest types of technology available.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q40_6 [I find working with computers very easy.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q40_7 [I always try to understand how a technology, that I use in my daily life works.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q41_1 [Driving when tired] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_2 [Drinking and driving] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

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Q41_3 [Taking illegal drugs and driving] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_4

[Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were prescribed to the driver, but with labels advising one should not drive while taking them)] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road c

Q41_5

[Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were NOT prescribed to the driver)] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_6 [Making/answering a call with handheld phone] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_7 [Making/answering a call using hands-‐free technology] How often do you think

each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_8

[Texting and driving or using the phone for a purpose other than making a call] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_9 [Bad weather conditions] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_10 [Inexperience (less than 3 years driving)] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_11 [Teen drivers] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_12 [Drivers aged 65 -‐ 79] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_13 [Drivers aged 80 and older] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_14 [Other drivers] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_15 [Vehicle malfunction] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_16 [Bad roadways (potholes, cracks, etc.)] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q84 What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Park while the engine was on and in Drive?

Q84_Refused [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the

road and you shifted your vehicle into Park while the engine was on and in Drive?

Q85 What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Neutral while the engine was on and in Drive?

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Q85_Refused

[Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Neutral while the engine was on and in Drive?

Q86 The vehicle I drive most often has:

Q87 What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you pushed the button to turn off the engine?

Q87_Refused [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you pushed the button to turn off the engine?

Q88 What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you turned the key to turn off the engine?

Q88_Refused [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you turned the key to turn off the engine?

Q89_1 [Gas pedal] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems

you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q89_2 [Brakes] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q89_3

[Anti-‐lock braking system] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q89_4

[Ignition (Push button/key ignition)] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q89_5

[Gears (will still shift)] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q89_6

[Emergency brake] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q89_7

[Power steering] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q89_8 [Headlights] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems


Q89_9

[Interior lights] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q89_10

[Emergency hazard lights (flashers)] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

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Q89_11 [Airbags] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q89_12

[Seatbelts (will still tighten)] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q89_13 [Don't know] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems


Q89_Refused [Refused] Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you

believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Q42 Do you think of your vehicle as a means of transportation, or as something special–more than just a way to get around?

Q43 Do you spend your personal time working on or restoring older vehicles?

Q44 Do you like to keep up on the latest types of vehicle trends including new vehicle features, technologies, and other new market trends?

Q45_1 [I type and read text messages while driving a vehicle.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.

Q45_2 [I talk on a cell phone (NOT hands-‐free) while driving a vehicle.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.

Q45_3 [I talk on a cell phone (hands-‐free) while driving a vehicle.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.

Q45_4 [I drive over the speed limit.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.

Q45_5 [I believe the driver is the most important component of safe driving.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.

Q45_6 [I believe the vehicle is the most important component of safe driving.] Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.

Q46

Please rate how strongly you agree or disagree with the following statement. In general, over the past 10 years, the number of people killed in car crashes in the United States has been declining.

Q47_1 [Motor vehicle crashes are often accidents that cannot be avoided.] Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q47_2 [Motor vehicle crashes can often be avoided through safe driving habits.] Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q47_3

[Motor vehicle crashes are about an equal mix of crashes that could and could not be avoided.] Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q47_4 [Motor vehicle crashes can be less severe with safety systems in your vehicle.] Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Q48 Have you ever driven a vehicle (whether you personally owned it or not) that acted in a way that startled you or that you did not expect?

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Q49 Did you seek information to understand why the vehicle behaved the way it did?

Q50_1

[Internet -‐ Google or other type of search] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_2

[Online video (YouTube, Car company video, etc.)] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the proble

Q50_3

[Online forums] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_4

[Contact my local mechanic] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_5

[Contact dealership I purchased the vehicle from] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the proble

Q50_6

[Visit the dealership] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_7

[Visit a dealership of my vehicle's brand] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_8

[Contact the manufacturer] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_9

[Check the manufacturer's website] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_10

[Government safety website (i.e. -‐ National Transportation Safety Board, safercar.gov, etc.)] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below

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Q50_11

[Books] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_12

[Brochures, pamphlets] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_13

[Social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.)] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_14

[Read the owner's manual] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_15

[Ask friends or family] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_16

[Learn by trial and error] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_17

[None of the above] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_18

[Other, specify] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_Refused

[Refused] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q50_Text

[Text] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Q51_ABS

[ABS symbol] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:

Q51_Airbag

[Airbag symbol] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:

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Q51_Engine

[Check enginne light] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:

Q51_Oil

[Check oil light] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:

Q51_Tire

[Tire pressure] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:

Q51_Traction

[Traction control] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:

Q52 Have you ever checked the owner's manual for any problems you were having with your vehicle?

Q53 When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly describe the problem?

Q53_Refused [Refused/DK] When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly describe the problem?

Q54_1 [Adaptive cruise control] Adaptive cruise control Q54_2 [Blind spot detection] Blind spot detection Q54_3 [Forward collision warning] Forward collision warning Q54_4 [Lane departure warning] Lane departure warning

Q54_5 [Drowsiness and attention-‐assist technologies] Drowsiness and attention-‐assist technologies

Q54_6 [Back-‐up warning system] Back-‐up warning system Q54_7 [Back-‐up camera] Back-‐up camera Q60 What is the population of the metropolitan area you live in? PPAGE Age ppagecat Age -‐ 7 Categories ppagect4 Age -‐ 4 Categories PPEDUC Education (Highest Degree Received) PPEDUCAT Education (Categorical) PPETHM Race / Ethnicity PPGENDER Gender PPHHHEAD Household Head PPHHSIZE Household Size PPHOUSE Housing Type PPINCIMP Household Income PPMARIT Marital Status PPMSACAT MSA Status PPREG4 Region 4 -‐ Based on State of Residence ppreg9 Region 9 -‐ Based on State of Residence

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PPRENT Ownership Status of Living Quarters PPSTATEN State PPT01 Presence of Household Members -‐ Children 0-‐1 PPT25 Presence of Household Members -‐ Children 2-‐5 PPT612 Presence of Household Members -‐ Children 6-‐12 PPT1317 Presence of Household Members -‐ Children 13-‐17 PPT18OV Presence of Household Members -‐ Adults 18+ PPWORK Current Employment Status PPNET HH Internet Access

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Key Personnel Key personnel on the study include:

Wendy Mansfield – Vice President, Research Development. W. Mansfield is based in Washington, D.C. Phone number: (202) 686-‐0933 Email: [email protected]

Poom Nukulkij – Senior Research Director, Government & Academic Research. P. Nukulkij is based in Chicago, IL. Phone number: (312) 281-‐2473 Email: [email protected]

Ying Wang – Senior Research Associate, Government & Academic Research. Y. Wang is based in Palo Alto, CA. Phone number: (650) 285-‐6610 Email: [email protected]

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GfK Methodology Introduction

The GfK Group (formerly Knowledge Networks) is passionate about research in marketing, media, health, and social policy. We collaborate closely with client teams throughout the research process, while applying rigor in everything we do. We specialize in innovative online research that consistently gives leaders in business, government, and academia the confidence to make important decisions. GfK delivers affordable, statistically valid online research through KnowledgePanel® and leverages a variety of other assets, such as world-‐class advanced analytics, an industry-‐leading physician panel, an innovative platform for measuring online ad effectiveness, and a research-‐ready behavioral database of frequent supermarket and drug store shoppers.

GfK has recruited the first online research panel that is representative of the entire U.S. population. Panel members are randomly recruited through probability-‐based sampling, and households are provided with access to the Internet and hardware if needed.

GfK recruits panel members by using address-‐based sampling methods [formerly GfK relied on random-‐digit dialing methods]. Once household members are recruited for the panel and assigned to a study sample, they are notified by email for survey taking, or panelists can visit their online member page for survey taking (instead of being contacted by telephone or postal mail). This allows surveys to be fielded very quickly and economically. In addition, this approach reduces the burden placed on respondents, since email notification is less intrusive than telephone calls, and most respondents find answering Web questionnaires more interesting and engaging than being questioned by a telephone interviewer. Furthermore, respondents have the convenience to choose what time of day to complete their assigned survey.

Documentation regarding KnowledgePanel sampling, data collection procedures, weighting, and IRB-‐bearing issues are available at the below online resources.

• http://www.knowledgenetworks.com/ganp/reviewer-‐info.html • http://www.knowledgenetworks.com/knpanel/index.html • http://www.knowledgenetworks.com/ganp/irbsupport/

The GfK Group

The GfK Group has a strong tradition in working with sophisticated academic, government, and commercial researchers to provide high quality research, samples, and analyses. The larger GfK Group offers the fundamental knowledge for governmental agencies, academics, industries, industry, retailers, services companies and the media need to provide exceptional quality in research to make effective decisions. It delivers a comprehensive range of information and consultancy services. GfK is one of the leading survey research organizations worldwide, operating in more than 100 countries with over 12,000 research staff. In 2012, the GfK Group’s sales amounted to EUR 1.51 billion.

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For further information, visit our website: www.gfk.com.

KnowledgePanel Methodology Information

Complete and current information about KnowledgePanel sampling and recruitment methodology and design is available at http://marketing.gfkamerica.com/knowledgenetworks/knpanel/docs/KnowledgePanel(R)-‐ Design-‐Summary-‐Description.pdf

KnowledgePanel’s probability-‐based recruitment was originally based exclusively on a national RDD frame. In April 2009, in response to the growing number of cellphone-‐only households that are outside of the RDD frame, GfK migrated to using an ABS frame for selecting panel members. This probability-‐based methodology improves population coverage. Currently, approximately 40% of panel members were recruited through RDD, while 60% were recruited using ABS. For both ABS and RDD recruitment, households without an Internet connection were provided with a web-‐enabled device and free Internet service. After initially accepting the invitation to join the panel, participants are asked to complete a short demographic survey (the initial profile survey); answers to these questions allow efficient panel sampling and weighting for surveys. Completion of the profile survey allows participants to become panel members. These procedures were established for the RDD-‐recruited panel members and continued with ABS recruited panel members. Respondents sampled from the RDD and ABS frames are provided the same privacy terms and confidentiality protections.

ABS Recruitment.

ABS involves probability-‐based sampling of addresses from the U.S. Postal Service’s Delivery Sequence File. The key advantage of the ABS sample frame is that it allows sampling of almost all U.S. households. An estimated 97% of households are “covered” in sampling nomenclature. Regardless of household telephone status, those households can be reached and contacted through postal mail. In late 2009 the ABS sample began incorporating a geographic stratification design. Census blocks with high density minority communities were oversampled (Stratum 1), and the balance of the census blocks (Stratum 2) were relatively under-‐sampled. The definition of high density and minority community and the relative proportion between strata differed among specific ABS samples. In 2010, the two strata were redefined to target high density Hispanic areas in Stratum 1 and all else in Stratum 2. In 2011, pre-‐identified ancillary information, rather than census block data, were used to construct and target four strata as follows: Hispanic ages 18-‐24, non-‐Hispanic ages 18-‐24, Hispanic ages 25+, and non-‐ Hispanic ages 25+. Also in 2011, a separate sample targeting only persons ages 18-‐24 was fielded across the year, again using predictive ancillary information. Combined with the four-‐ stratum sample, the base weight adjustment compensates for cases from this unique young adult oversample. In 2012, a similar four-‐stratum design was implemented, with the ages changed to 18-‐29 and 30+ for both the Hispanic and non-‐Hispanic strata. For every survey

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sample, an appropriate base weight adjustment is applied to each relevant sample to correct for these stratified designs.

Randomly sampled addresses are invited to join KnowledgePanel through a series of mailings, including an initial invitation letter, a reminder postcard, and a subsequent follow-‐up letter. Approximately 45% of the physical addresses selected for the sample can be matched to a corresponding valid telephone number. About 5 weeks after the initial mailing, telephone refusal-‐conversion calls are made to households for whom a telephone number was matched to the sampled address. Invited households can join the panel by:

• Completing and mailing back a paper form in a postage-‐paid envelope • Calling a toll-‐free hotline phone number maintained by GfK • Going to a designated GfK website and completing the recruitment form at the website

RDD Recruitment.

For panel members who were recruited using RDD-‐based sampling (pre-‐April 2009), list-‐assisted RDD sampling techniques were used on the sample frame consisting of the entire U.S. residential telephone population. Only banks of telephone numbers (each consisting of 100 telephone numbers) that had zero or one directory-‐listed phone numbers were excluded. Two strata were defined using 2000 Census Decennial Census data which were appended to all telephone exchanges. The first stratum had a higher concentration of Black and Hispanic households, and the second stratum had a lower concentration of these groups relative to the national estimates. Telephone numbers were selected with equal probability of selection for each number within each of the two strata, with the higher concentration Black and Hispanic stratum being sampled at approximately twice the rate of the other stratum. The sampling was done without replacement to ensure that numbers already fielded would not be fielded again.

A valid postal address was recovered for about 60%-‐70% of all telephone numbers in the selected samples. The telephone numbers for which an address was recovered were selected with certainty. Until May 2007, between one-‐half and one-‐third of the remainder was subsampled randomly, depending on the recruitment period. From May 2007 to March 2009, subsampling was done at a rate of 75% for those households without a physical address. The households for which there was an address-‐matched telephone number received an advance mailing, typically 7 to 9 days before the recruitment telephone call. The letter informed them that they had been selected to participate in KnowledgePanel®.

Following the advance letter, the telephone recruitment process began for all sampled phone numbers. Cases sent to telephone interviewers were dialed for up to 90 days, with at least 10 dial attempts when no one answered the phone and when phone numbers were known to be associated with households. Extensive refusal conversion was also performed. Experienced interviewers conducted all recruitment interviews. The recruitment interview, which typically

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required about 10 minutes, began with the interviewer informing the household member that they had been selected to join KnowledgePanel.

Household Member Recruitment.

For all recruitment efforts, during the initial recruitment survey, all household members are enumerated. Following enumeration, attempts are made to recruit every household member who is at least 13 years old to participate in KnowledgePanel surveys. For household members aged 13 to 17, consent is collected from the parents or the legal guardian during the initial recruitment interview (detailed in section below -‐ Procedures for Obtaining Consent for Surveys with Minors). If no consent is given, no further direct communication with the teenagers is attempted.

Survey Sampling from KnowledgePanel

Once panel members are recruited and profiled, they become eligible for selection for client surveys. In most cases, the specific survey sample represents a simple random sample from the panel, for example, a general population survey. Customized stratified random sampling based on profile data can also be conducted as required by the study design.

The general sampling rule is to assign no more than one survey per week to individual members. Allowing for rare exceptions during some weeks, this limits a member’s total assignments per month to four or six surveys. In certain cases, a survey sample calls for pre-‐ screening, that is, members are drawn from a subsample of the panel (such as females, Republicans, grocery shoppers, etc.). In such cases, care is taken to ensure that all subsequent survey samples drawn that week are selected in such a way as to result in a sample that remains representative of the panel distributions.

Survey Administration

Once assigned to a survey, members receive a notification email letting them know there is a new survey available for them to take. This email notification contains a link that sends them to the survey questionnaire. No login name or password is required. The field period depends on the client’s needs and can range anywhere from a few hours to several weeks.

After three days, automatic email reminders are sent to all non-‐responding panel members in the sample. If email reminders do not generate a sufficient response, an automated telephone reminder call can be initiated. The usual protocol is to wait at least three to four days after the email reminder before calling. To assist panel members with their survey taking, each individual has a personalized “home page” that lists all the surveys that were assigned to that member and have yet to be completed.

GfK also operates an ongoing modest incentive program to encourage participation and create member loyalty. Members can enter special raffles or can be entered into special sweepstakes with both cash rewards and other prizes to be won.

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The typical survey commitment for panel members is one survey per week or four per month with duration of 10 to 15 minutes per survey. In the case of longer surveys, an additional incentive is typically provided.

Sample Weighting

Significant resources and infrastructure are devoted to the recruitment process for KnowledgePanel so that the resulting panel can properly represent the adult population of the United States. This representation is not only achieved with respect to a broad set of geodemographic distributions, but also hard-‐to-‐reach adults – such as those without landline telephone or Spanish language dominant individuals – are recruited in proper proportions as well. Consequently, the raw distribution of KnowledgePanel mirrors that of the U.S. adults fairly closely, baring occasional disparities that may emerge for certain subgroups due to differential attrition rates among recruited panel members.

For the selection of general population samples from KnowledgePanel, however, a patented methodology has been developed that ensures the resulting samples behave as EPSEM (equal probability selection method). Briefly, this methodology starts by weighting the entire KnowledgePanel to the benchmarks secured from the latest March supplement of the Current Population Survey (CPS) along several dimensions. This way, the weighted distribution of KnowledgePanel perfectly matches that of the U.S. adults – even with respect to the above mentioned few dimensions where minor misalignments may result due to differential attrition rates. The geodemographic dimensions used for weighting the entire KnowledgePanel include:

• Gender (Male/Female) • Age (18–29, 30–44, 45–59, and 60+) • Race/Hispanic ethnicity (White/Non-‐Hispanic, Black/Non-‐Hispanic, Other/Non-‐Hispanic,

2+ Races/Non-‐Hispanic, Hispanic) • Education (Less than High School, High School, Some College, Bachelor and beyond) • Census Region (Northeast, Midwest, South, West) • Household income (under $10k, $10K to <$25k, $25K to <$50k, $50K to <$75k, $75K to

<$100k, $100K+) • Home ownership status (Own, Rent/Other) • Metropolitan Area (Yes, No) • Internet Access (Yes, No)

Using the above weights as the measure of size (MOS) for each panel member, in the next step a PPS (probability proportional to size) procedure is used to select study specific samples. It is the application of this PPS methodology with the above MOS values that produces fully self-‐ weighing samples from KnowledgePanel, for which each sample member can carry a design weight of unity. Moreover, in instances where the study design has required any form of oversampling of specific subgroups, such departures from an EPSEM design are corrected by

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adjusting the corresponding design weights accordingly with the CPS benchmarks serving as reference points.

Study-‐Specific Final Weights

Once the study sample has been selected and fielded, and all the survey data are edited and made final, design weights are adjusted for any survey nonresponse as well as any under-‐ or over-‐coverage imposed by the study-‐specific sample design. Depending on the specific target population for a given study, geodemographic distributions for the corresponding population are obtained from the Current Population Survey, American Community Survey, or in certain instances from the weighted KnowledgePanel profile data. For this purpose an iterative proportional fitting (raking) procedure is used to produce final weights that will be aligned with respect to all study benchmark distributions simultaneously.

For this study, the following benchmark distributions were used for the raking adjustment of weights for adults:

• Gender (Male/Female) by Age (18–29, 30–44, 45–59, and 60+) • Race/Hispanic ethnicity (White/Non-‐Hispanic, Black/Non-‐Hispanic, Other/Non-‐Hispanic,

Hispanic) • Education (High School or less, Some College, Bachelors and higher) • Household income (under <$25k, $25K to <$50k, $50K to <$75k, $75K+) • Census Region (Northeast, Midwest, South, West) by Metropolitan Status (Metro,

Nonmetro) • Household internet access (Yes, No)

In the final step, calculated weights were examined to identify and, if necessary, trim outliers at the extreme upper and lower tails of the weight distribution. The resulting weights are then scaled to the sum of the total sample size of all eligible (qualified) respondents.

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Appendix A: Final Programmed Questionnaire

Note: This page may be removed when the questionnaire is sent to the client. However, it must exist in the version sent to OSD.

SNO S18998 Survey Name National Consumer Survey of Driving

Safety Client Name University of Iowa G&A WBS 310.111.00287.1 Project Director Name Poom Nukulkij Team/Area Name G&A

Samvar (Include name, type and response values. “None” means none. Blank means standard demos. This must match SurveyMan.)

Specified Pre-coding Required Timing Template Required (y/n) Enabled by default Multi-Media

Important: Do not change Question numbers after Version 1; to add a new question, use alpha characters (e.g., 3a, 3b, 3c.) Changing question numbers will cause delays and potentially errors in the program.

National Consumer Driver Safety. August, 2014

- Study Details -

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[DISPLAY] Thank you for continuing to be a part of the KnowledgePanel®. We invite you to participate in a research study being conducted by investigators from the University of Iowa, Public Policy Center. The purpose of the study is to understand how you think about vehicle safety features and skills you use to stay safe on the road.

If you agree to participate, we would like you to complete the online questionnaire. As with all KnowledgePanel® surveys, your response to this survey, or any individual question on the survey, is completely voluntary. It will take approximately 20 minutes of your time.

You will be compensated 5,000 bonus points worth $5.00 as a token of appreciation for your time.

We will not collect your name or any identifying information about you. It will not be possible to link you to your responses on the survey.

Taking part in this research study is completely voluntary. If you do not wish to participate in this study, you may simply exit out of your Internet browser.

If you have questions about your rights as a participant in this survey, or are dissatisfied at any time with any aspect of the survey, you may contact the KnowledgePanel Panel Member Support at 800-782-6899.

If you have any questions about the rights of research subjects, please contact the Human Subjects Office, 105 Hardin Library for the Health Sciences, 600 Newton Rd, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1098, (319) 335-6564 or email [email protected].

Thank you very much for your consideration of this research study.

[DISPLAY] Q1. Welcome to the National Survey of Consumer Driving Safety! This survey will take

approximately 20 minutes of your time. We will ask you questions about vehicle safety features and skills you use to stay safe on the road. This survey is not a test. Your responses are completely confidential and there are no right or wrong answers.

[SP] Q2. Do you have a valid driver's license?

Yes ..................................................................... 1 No ....................................................................... 2

National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety. August, 2014

- Questionnaire -

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[IF Q2=2 OR REFUSED TERMINATE]

[SP] Q2A. Do you drive 90 minutes or more per week?

Yes ..................................................................... 1 No ....................................................................... 2

[IF Q2=2 OR REFUSED TERMINATE]

[SP] Q3. In the last 7 days, how much time do you think you spent driving a vehicle, including trips

on the weekend?

Less than an hour ............................................... 1 1-2 hours ............................................................ 2 2-3 hours ............................................................ 3 3-4 hours ............................................................ 4 Over 4 hours ....................................................... 5 Don't know .......................................................... 6

[SP] Q4. Have you purchased or leased a brand new vehicle within the last year?

Yes ..................................................................... 1 No ....................................................................... 2 Don't know .......................................................... 3

[GRID, TEXT BOX] Q5. What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? If you do not know, please write

'Don't know' in the answer box.

1. Make: (for example, Chevrolet, Volvo, Toyota, GM, Ford, Volkswagen, etc.) [TEXT BOX]

2. Model: (for example, Impala, XC70, Camry, Passat, etc.) [TEXT BOX] 3. Specific Model Type: (for example, Ford Focus SE, Chevrolet Malibu Class, Toyota Corolla Sport) [TEXT BOX]

4. Year: (1999, 2005, etc.) [NUMBER BOX, RANGE 1900-2014]

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[GRID, SP SCROSS] [SHOW EACH DEFINITION IN THE RESPONSE OPTIONS AS A MOUSEOVER (IN THE APPENDIX).] Q6. To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does your vehicle have?

Move your mouse cursor over the word to view a basic definition of the technology.

Does have this feature

Almost

certainly has this feature

About equal likelihood it

does or does not have this

feature

Almost certainly does not have this

feature

Does not have this feature

1 2 3 4 5

1. Cruise Control 2. Anti-lock braking system (ABS) 3. Traction control 4. Back-up camera 5. Back-up warning system (without camera view) 6. Blind spot alert system 7. Adaptive cruise control 8. Forward collision warning 9. Lane departure warning

[MP] Q7. Please check all vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of (including those

you've interacted with, experienced as a passenger, seen on a commercial or heard about elsewhere).

Cruise control ..................................................... 1 Anti-lock braking system (ABS) .......................... 2 Back-up camera ................................................. 3 Back-up warning system (without

camera view) .................................................. 4 Blind spot alert system ....................................... 5 Adaptive cruise control ....................................... 6 Forward collision warning ................................... 7 Lane departure warning ..................................... 8 None of the above [SP] ....................................... 9

[DISPLAY] Q8. On the next page are statements regarding your general level of comfort with several

technologies. Some of these systems are only in the design stage and are not widely available. We are interested in your answers regardless of whether or not you own or

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have driven a vehicle with these features. If you are unsure or don't know, please answer, 'Don't know'.

[DISPLAY] Q9. Please indicate your general level of comfort with each of the following types of vehicle

safety technologies.

[SP, SHOW Q9 AND Q11 ON THE SAME PAGE] Q11. Technologies that automatically drive the vehicle.

1 Very comfortable ............................................. 1 2 .................................................................... 2 3 .................................................................... 3 4 .................................................................... 4 5 Very uncomfortable ......................................... 5 Don't know .......................................................... 6

[SP] Q12. Technologies that automatically park the vehicle.


[SP] Q13. Technologies that warn or alert the driver to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for

example). These types of systems include – forward collision warnings, pedestrian warnings, back-up cameras, back-up warning systems or lane departure warnings.


[SP] Q14. Technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering.

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[IF Q11=4 OR 5] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q16. What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically drive the vehicle

on the road? If you do not know, please click 'Don't know' below the answer box.

[IF Q12=4 OR 5] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q90. What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically park the vehicle? If

you do not know, please click 'Don't know' below the answer box.

[IF Q13=4 OR 5] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q17. What concerns might you have about technologies that warn or alert you to hazards

using sound (beeps or bells, for example). These types of systems include – forward collision warnings, pedestrian warnings, back-up cameras, back-up warnings or lane departure warnings? If you do not know, please click 'Don't know' below the answer box.

[IF Q14=4 OR 5] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q18. What concerns might you have about technologies that take control of the vehicle to

avoid a crash by braking or steering? If you do not know, please click 'Don't know' below the answer box.

[DISPLAY] Q19. The next items ask you for your understanding of how vehicle safety technologies work.

Please check the response that comes closest to your understanding. If you don’t know or are unsure, please answer "I am unsure of the correct response".

[DISPLAY] Q20. Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the following vehicle

safety technologies:

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[SP, SHOW Q20 AND Q21 ON THE SAME SCREEN] Q21. Cruise control:

Can be turned on by touching the gas pedal ....................................................... 1

Can be turned off by touching the brake pedal .................................................... 2

Will turn itself off when the vehicle gets too close to a slower moving vehicle ............................................................. 3

I am unsure of the correct response .................. 4

[IF Q21=1-3] [GRID, SP ACROSS] Q22. How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Not confident

at all/ Totally guessing

0

1 2 3 4 Extremely confident/ Answered based on

experience 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

1. Cruise control

[SP] Q23. Anti-lock braking system (ABS):

Works best when the driver pumps

the brakes ...................................................... 1 Works best when the driver firmly

applies and holds the brakes ......................... 2 Provides mechanical noises and

pulsations to alert the driver the anti-lock braking system is NOT working ........................................................... 3



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Not confident at all/ Totally guessing

0


experience 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

1. Anti-lock braking system (ABS)

[SHOW TIRE PRESSURE IMAGE ABOVE THE QUESTION] [SP] Q25. What does this symbol mean if you see it lit up on the dashboard?

The vehicle needs an oil change ....................... 1 One of the tires needs air ................................... 2 A headlight is burned out .................................... 3 I am unsure of the correct response .................. 4


Not confident


0


experience 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

1. Symbol on dashboard

[SP] Q27. Back-up warning system (without a camera view):

Alerts the driver there are possible

metal objects located behind the vehicle ............................................................. 1

Alerts the driver there are possible objects located behind the vehicle .................................... 2

Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive ............................ 3

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I am unsure of the correct response ......... 4


Not confident


0


experience 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

1. Back-up warning system (without camera view)

[SP] Q29. Back-up camera:

Alerts the driver every time an object

is located behind the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive ............................ 1

Only works during the day light hours .............. 2 Provides a view of the area behind

the vehicle through a video display in the vehicle ...................................... 3



Not confident


0


experience 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

1. Back-up camera

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[SP] Q31. Adaptive cruise control:

Adjusts the speed of the vehicle

based on weather conditions ......................... 1 Requires the driver to turn on the

system and set the desired following distance to vehicles ahead ............................................................. 2

Adjusts the speed of the vehicle by using the navigation system to know the roadway speed limit ......................... 3



Not confident


0


experience 5

0 1 2 3 4 5


[SP] Q33. Blind spot alert system:

Alerts the driver there are objects

located behind the vehicle .............................. 1 Alerts the driver they are located in

the blind spot of another vehicle ..................... 2 Alerts the driver every time a

passing vehicle is located in the blind spot of their vehicle ................................. 3


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Not confident 1 2 3 4 Extremely

at all/ Totally

guessing 0

confident/ Answered based on

experience 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

Blind spot alert system

[SP] Q35. Forward collision warning system:

Alerts the driver whenever the

vehicle gets close to another vehicle or object, such as when you pull up behind someone in a drive-through lane .......................................... 1

Alerts the driver when a vehicle in front of you is stopped ................................... 2

Alerts the driver when the system detects a stopped vehicle or object moving more slowly than their vehicle ..................................................... 3



Not confident


0


experience 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

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1. Forward collision warning system

[SP] Q37. Lane departure warning system:

Alerts the driver when they are

taking a curve too fast and are about to go off the road ................................. 1

Alerts the driver when they are about to drift out of their lane in either direction ......................................................... 2

Alerts the driver the vehicle alongside them is drifting out of their lane ........................................................ 3


[IF Q37=1-3]

[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q38. How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Not confident


0


experience 5

0 1 2 3 4 5

1. Lane departure warning

[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q39. How much would you be interested in using each of the following?

Very

interested Somewhat interested Neutral Not very

interested Not at all interested Don't know

1 2 3 4 5 6

1. A “black box” located in vehicles that would be able to identify what caused a crash 2. Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies that warn the driver to stop if he/she is

too tired to drive

[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q40. Below are several statements regarding your beliefs about technology. For each one,

please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Strongly Agree Agree Somewhat

Agree Neutral Somewhat Disagree Disagree Strongly

Disagree

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1. Science and technology make our way of life change too fast. 2. Scientists can be trusted to make the right decisions. 3. Technology, in general, can make the world a safer place. 4. I would describe myself as someone who embraces new technology. 5. I frequently purchase the newest types of technology available. 6. I find working with computers very easy. 7. I always try to understand how a technology, that I use in my daily life works.

[GRID, SP ACROSS]

Q41. How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes? Please answer for all crashes in general, not necessarily crashes you may have been involved in.

Never Sometimes Often Very often Don't know

1 2 3 4 5

1. Driving when tired 2. Drinking and driving 3. Taking illegal drugs and driving 4. Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were prescribed to the driver,

but with labels advising one should not drive while taking them) 5. Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were NOT prescribed to the

driver) 6. Making/answering a call with handheld phone 7. Making/answering a call using hands-free technology 8. Texting and driving or using the phone for a purpose other than making a call 9. Bad weather conditions 10. Inexperience (less than 3 years driving) 11. Teen drivers 12. Drivers aged 65 - 79 13. Drivers aged 80 and older 14. Other drivers 15. Vehicle malfunction 16. Bad roadways (potholes, cracks, etc.)

[LARGE TEXT BOX] Q84. The next few questions will ask what you would do if you were to find yourself in a

particular type of situation.

What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Park while the engine was on and in Drive? (If you are unsure, please click 'Prefer not to answer'.)

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[LARGE TEXT BOX] Q85. What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted

your vehicle into Neutral while the engine was on and in Drive? (If you are unsure, please click 'Prefer not to answer’.)

[SP] Q86. The next few questions ask you about the type of ignition start you have in your vehicle

or the vehicle you drive most often.

The vehicle I drive most often has:

Push button start ................................................ 1 Key ignition start ................................................. 2 Prefer not to answer ........................................... 3

[IF Q86=1] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q87. You indicated you have a push button start. What would happen to your vehicle if while

the vehicle was in Drive, you pushed the button to turn off the engine? (If you are unsure, please click 'Prefer not to answer'.)

[IF Q86=2] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q88. You indicated you have a key ignition start. What would happen to your vehicle if while

the vehicle was in Drive, you turned the key to turn off the engine? (If you are unsure, please click 'Prefer not to answer'.)

[MP] Q89. Referring to the situation we just described, please check all systems you believe would

continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Gas pedal ........................................................... 1 Brakes ................................................................ 2 Anti-lock braking system .................................... 3 Ignition (Push button/key ignition) ...................... 4 Gears (will still shift) ............................................ 5 Emergency brake ............................................... 6 Power steering .................................................... 7 Headlights ........................................................... 8 Interior lights ....................................................... 9 Emergency hazard lights (flashers) ................... 10 Airbags .............................................................. 11 Seatbelts (will still tighten) ................................. 12 Don't know [SP] .................................................. 13

[SP] Q42. Do you think of your vehicle as a means of transportation, or as something special–more

than just a way to get around?

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I think of my vehicle simply as

transportation ................................................. 1 I think of my vehicle as more than

just a way to get around ................................. 2 Don't know .......................................................... 3

[SP] Q43. Do you spend your personal time working on or restoring older vehicles?

Yes ..................................................................... 1 No ....................................................................... 2 Don't know .......................................................... 3

[SP] Q44. Do you like to keep up on the latest types of vehicle trends including new vehicle

features, technologies, and other new market trends?

Yes ..................................................................... 1 No ....................................................................... 2 Don't know .......................................................... 3

[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q45. Please read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.

All of the time Most of the time

Some of the time Rarely Never

1 2 3 4 5

1. I type and read text messages while driving a vehicle. 2. I talk on a cell phone (NOT hands-free) while driving a vehicle. 3. I talk on a cell phone (hands-free) while driving a vehicle. 4. I drive over the speed limit. 5. I believe the driver is the most important component of safe driving. 6. I believe the vehicle is the most important component of safe driving.

[SP] Q46. Please rate how strongly you agree or disagree with the following statement.

In general, over the past 10 years, the number of people killed in car crashes in the United States has been declining.

Strongly agree .................................................... 1 Agree ................................................................. 2 Neutral ................................................................ 3 Disagree ............................................................. 4 Strongly agree .................................................... 5 Don't know .......................................................... 6

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[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q47. The statements below are about motor vehicle crashes. Please read the statements and

rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly

Disagree 1 2 3 4 5

1. Motor vehicle crashes are often accidents that cannot be avoided. 2. Motor vehicle crashes can often be avoided through safe driving habits. 3. Motor vehicle crashes are about an equal mix of crashes that could and could not be

avoided. 4. Motor vehicle crashes can be less severe with safety systems in your vehicle.

[SP] Q48. Have you ever driven a vehicle (whether you personally owned it or not) that acted in a

way that startled you or that you did not expect?

Yes ..................................................................... 1 No ....................................................................... 2 Don't know .......................................................... 3

[IF Q48=1, 3 OR REFUSED] [SP] Q49. Did you seek information to understand why the vehicle behaved the way it did?

Yes ..................................................................... 1 No ....................................................................... 2 Don't know .......................................................... 3

[MP] Q50. In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner

you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

Internet - Google or other type of

search ............................................................ 1 Online video (YouTube, Car

company video, etc.) ...................................... 2 Online forums .................................................... 3 Contact my local mechanic ................................ 4 Contact dealership I purchased the

vehicle from ................................................... 5

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Visit the dealership ............................................. 6 Visit a dealership of my vehicle’s

brand ............................................................. 7 Contact the manufacturer ................................... 8 Check the manufacturer's website ..................... 9 Government safety website (i.e. -

National Transportation Safety Board, safercar.gov, etc.) .............................. 10

Books ............................................................... 11 Brochures, pamphlets ....................................... 12 Social media (Facebook, Twitter,

etc.) ............................................................... 13 Read the owner's manual .................................. 14 Ask friends or family .......................................... 15 Learn by trial and error ....................................... 16 None of the above ............................................. 17 Other, specify: [TEXT BOX] ................................. 18

[GRID, SP ACROSS] Q51. Below are symbols that you may have seen displayed on the dashboard of your

vehicle. If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding the symbol:

Same day

2-3 days

Less than a week

2 Weeks

1 month Longer than a month

Don't know

I would figure

out and resolve

the issue

myself 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE002] 2. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE004] 3. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE005] 4. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE007] 5. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE009] 6. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE011] 7. [INSERT IMAGE:IMAGE013]

[SP] Q52. Have you ever checked the owner's manual for any problems you were having with your

vehicle?

127

Yes ..................................................................... 1 No ....................................................................... 2 Don't know .......................................................... 3

[IF Q52=1, 3 OR REFUSED] [LARGE TEXT BOX] Q53. When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly describe the

problem? If you do not know, please click 'Don't know' below the answer box.

[RANK, RANGE 1-7] Q54. If you were to purchase a new vehicle and the technologies listed below were available

for an additional $500.00 cost, please rank the technologies that you would be most likely to pay the additional cost per technology to have in your vehicle. With 1 being the first technology you would want added and 7 is the last technology you would want added to the vehicle.

1. Adaptive cruise control 2. Blind spot detection 3. Forward collision warning 4. Lane departure warning 5. Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies 6. Back-up warning system 7. Back-up camera

[SP] Q60. What is the population of the metropolitan area you live in?

A population of greater than

3,000,000 people ........................................... 1 A population of between 1,000,000

and 2,999,999 people .................................... 2 A population between 500,000 and

999,999 people .............................................. 3 A population between 100,000 and

499,999 people .............................................. 4 A population between 50,000 and

99,999 people ................................................ 5 A population between 15,000 and

50,000 people ................................................ 6 A population less than 14,999 people ...............

7

128

[STANDARD CLOSE]

APPENDIX:

Cruise control A system that automatically controls the speed of a vehicle. The driver sets a desired speed. The system then takes over control of the gas pedal to maintain that speed. Cruise control has the ability to accelerate and coast.

Adaptive cruise control Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is an enhanced cruise control system that tracks the vehicle directly in front of the driver and slows down or speeds up based on the driver’s preselected speed and following distance preferences. Enhanced versions of ACC may completely stop the vehicle if it becomes too close to the vehicle in front of it.

Anti-lock braking system (ABS) A safety system designed to prevent skidding and help maintain control of the vehicle when the driver applies the brakes suddenly or with heavy pressure. When the system engages, the brake pedal may push back or pulse and make a thumping sound.

Blind spot detection and/or warning A system that uses sensors to warn drivers when a vehicle is traveling in their blind spot. The warning may be a sound or an indicator light that appears in the side-view mirror, or both.

Forward collision warning A system that warns drivers that they are about to hit the vehicle ahead of them. Drivers are warned by a sound, vibration or both; or, by a visual indicator that is accompanied by a sound, vibration or both.

Lane departure warning This system is designed to warn a driver with sound, vibration or indicator lights if the vehicle begins to drift out of its lane.

Back-up camera A system that uses a camera and video screen to show drivers what is behind their vehicle when they are in reverse and backing up. The video screen typically appears on the dashboard or in the rear-view mirror.

Back-up warning system This system - which does not use a video screen - detects objects behind the vehicle and alerts the driver with a warning by sound, vibration or both.

Traction control This technology restores traction to individual tires if they spin uncontrollably on icy or slippery surfaces.

129

Appendix B: Codebook with Unweighted Values CASEID: Case ID TM_START: Interview start time (GMT) TM_FINISH: Interview finish time (GMT) DURATION: Interview duration in minutes WEIGHT: Post-Stratification weight

QFLAG DOV: Qualification Flag

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 Qualified 2015 100.0 100.0 100.0

Q2 Do you have a valid driver's license?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 Yes 2015 100.0 100.0 100.0

Q2A Do you drive 90 minutes or more per week?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 Yes 2015 100.0 100.0 100.0

Q3 In the last 7 days, how much time do you think you spent driving a vehicle, including

trips on the weekend?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 6 .3 .3 .3 1 Less than an hour 38 1.9 1.9 2.2 2 1-2 hours 239 11.9 11.9 14.0 3 2-3 hours 341 16.9 16.9 31.0 4 3-4 hours 331 16.4 16.4 47.4 5 Over 4 hours 1038 51.5 51.5 98.9

130

6 Don't know 22 1.1 1.1 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q4 Have you purchased or leased a brand new vehicle within the last year?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 Yes

2 No

3 Don't know

Total

5 .2 .2 .2

297 14.7 14.7 15.0

1706 84.7 84.7 99.7

7 .3 .3 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

[Make] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive? [Model] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?

[Specific Model Type] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?

Q5_4 [Year] What make and model of vehicle do you usually drive?

Frequency

Percen

t Valid Percen

Cumulative

t Percent

Valid 90 4.5 4 .5 4.5

1960 1 .0 .0 4.5

1970 1 .0 .0 4.6

1979 2 .1 .1 4.7

1984 1 .0 .0 4.7

1985 3 .1 .1 4.9

1986 3 .1 .1 5.0

1987 2 .1 .1 5.1

1988 5 .2 .2 5.4

1989 4 .2 .2 5.6

1990 6 .3 .3 5.9

1991 7 .3 .3 6.2

1992 9 .4 .4 6.7

1993 12 .6 .6 7.2

1994 16 .8 .8 8.0

131

1995 18 .9 .9 8.9

1996 20 1.0 1.0 9.9

1997 29 1.4 1.4 11.4

1998 42 2.1 2.1 13.4

1999 59 2.9 2.9 16.4

2000 63 3.1 3.1 19.5

2001 80 4.0 4.0 23.5

2002 87 4.3 4.3 27.8

2003 94 4.7 4.7 32.5

2004 102 5.1 5.1 37.5

2005 140 6.9 6.9 44.5

2006 132 6.6 6.6 51.0

2007 106 5.3 5.3 56.3

2008 113 5.6 5.6 61.9

2009 92 4.6 4.6 66.5

2010 115 5.7 5.7 72.2

2011 106 5.3 5.3 77.4

2012 140 6.9 6.9 84.4

2013 171 8.5 8.5 92.9

2014 144 7.1 7.1 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q5_1_Refused [Refused - Make] What make and model of vehicle do you usually

drive?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 41 2.0 100.0 100.0 Missing System 1974 98.0 Total 2015 100.0

Q5_2_Refused [Refused - Model] What make and model of vehicle do you usually

drive?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

132


Q5_3_Refused [Refused - Specific Model Type] What make and model of vehicle

do you usually drive?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q5_4_Refused [Refused - Year] What make and model of vehicle do you usually

drive?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q6_1 [Cruise Control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does

your vehicle have?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 Does have this feature

2 Almost certainly has this

feature

3 About equal likelihood it


feature

4 Almost certainly does not

have this feature

5 Does not have this feature

13 .6 .6 .6

1693 84.0 84.0 84.7

78

3.9

3.9

88.5

25

1.2

1.2

89.8

13

.6

.6

90.4

193 9.6 9.6 100.0

133

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q6_2 [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following

features does your vehicle have?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 19 .9 .9 .9 1 Does have this feature 1644 81.6 81.6 82.5 2 Almost certainly has this

feature

139

6.9

6.9

89.4



feature

71

3.5

3.5

93.0


have this feature

36

1.8

1.8

94.7

5 Does not have this feature 106 5.3 5.3 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q6_3 [Traction control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does

your vehicle have?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2 1 Does have this feature 1094 54.3 54.3 55.5 2 Almost certainly has this

feature

158

7.8

7.8

63.3



feature

269

13.3

13.3

76.7


have this feature

114

5.7

5.7

82.3


134

Q6_4 [Back-up camera] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features does

your vehicle have?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


feature

17

.8

.8

20.6



feature

28

1.4

1.4

22.0


have this feature

39

1.9

1.9

24.0


Q6_5 [Back-up warning system (without camera view)] To the best of your knowledge, which

of the following features does your vehicle have?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


feature

18

.9

.9

14.0



feature

37

1.8

1.8

15.9


have this feature

48

2.4

2.4

18.3


Q6_6 [Blind spot alert system] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features

does your vehicle have?

135

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


feature

15

.7

.7

9.6



feature

42

2.1

2.1

11.7


have this feature

59

2.9

2.9

14.6


Q6_7 [Adaptive cruise control] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


feature

71

3.5

3.5

18.5



feature

190

9.4

9.4

27.9


have this feature

99

4.9

4.9

32.9


Q6_8 [Forward collision warning] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following

features does your vehicle have?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

136


feature

21

1.0

1.0

7.1



feature

68

3.4

3.4

10.5


have this feature

72

3.6

3.6

14.0


Q6_9 [Lane departure warning] To the best of your knowledge, which of the following features


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


feature

14

.7

.7

6.8



feature

62

3.1

3.1

9.9


have this feature

62

3.1

3.1

13.0


Q7_1 [Cruise Control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that

you have heard of.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 No 93 4.6 4.6 4.6 1 Yes 1922 95.4 95.4 100.0

137

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q7_2 [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] Please check all vehicle safety

technologies that you have heard of.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 No 118 5.9 5.9 5.9 1 Yes 1897 94.1 94.1 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q7_3 [Traction control] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that

you have heard of.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q7_4 [Back-up camera] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that

you have heard of.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q7_5 [Back-up warning system (without camera view)] Please check all

vehicle safety technologies that you have heard of.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 No 538 26.7 26.7 26.7

138

1 Yes 1477 73.3 73.3 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q7_6 [Blind spot alert system] Please check all vehicle safety technologies

that you have heard of.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q7_7 [Adaptive cruise control] Please check all vehicle safety


Q7_8 [Forward collision warning] Please check all vehicle safety


Q7_9 [Lane departure warning] Please check all vehicle safety


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 No

1 Yes

Total

1310 65.0 65.0 65.0

705 35.0 35.0 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 No

1 Yes

Total

857 42.5 42.5 42.5

1158 57.5 57.5 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

139


Q7_10 [None of the above] Please check all vehicle safety technologies

that you have heard of.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q7_Refused [Refused] Please check all vehicle safety technologies that

you have heard of.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 No 2001 99.3 99.3 99.3 1 Yes 14 .7 .7 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q11 Technologies that automatically drive the vehicle.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 11 .5 .5 .5 1 1 Very comfortable 170 8.4 8.4 9.0 2 2 163 8.1 8.1 17.1 3 3 448 22.2 22.2 39.3 4 4 434 21.5 21.5 60.8

5 5 Very uncomfortable 530 26.3 26.3 87.1 6 Don't know 259 12.9 12.9 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

140

Q12 Technologies that automatically park the vehicle.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 16 .8 .8 .8 1 1 Very comfortable 201 10.0 10.0 10.8 2 2 289 14.3 14.3 25.1 3 3 557 27.6 27.6 52.8 4 4 343 17.0 17.0 69.8 5 5 Very uncomfortable 353 17.5 17.5 87.3 6 Don't know 256 12.7 12.7 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q13 Technologies that warn or alert the driver to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for

example). These types of systems include – forward collision warnings, pedestrian

warnings, back-up cameras, back-up warning systems or lane departure warnings.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 17 .8 .8 .8 1 1 Very comfortable 759 37.7 37.7 38.5 2 2 552 27.4 27.4 65.9 3 3 414 20.5 20.5 86.5 4 4 87 4.3 4.3 90.8 5 5 Very uncomfortable 67 3.3 3.3 94.1 6 Don't know 119 5.9 5.9 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q14 Technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 12 .6 .6 .6 1 1 Very comfortable 238 11.8 11.8 12.4 2 2 348 17.3 17.3 29.7 3 3 566 28.1 28.1 57.8

141

4 4 315 15.6 15.6 73.4

5 5 Very uncomfortable 278 13.8 13.8 87.2

6 Don't know 258 12.8 12.8 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q16: What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically drive the vehicle on the road?

Q16_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that

automatically drive the vehicle on the road?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 41 2.0 16.8 16.8 1 Don't know 203 10.1 83.2 100.0 Total 244 12.1 100.0

Missing System 1771 87.9 Total 2015 100.0

Q90: What concerns might you have about technologies that automatically park the vehicle?

Q90_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies that

automatically park the vehicle?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent



Q17: What concerns might you have about technologies that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example)?

142

Q17_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies

that warn or alert you to hazards using sound (beeps or bells, for example)?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 7 .3 12.3 12.3 1 Don't know 50 2.5 87.7 100.0 Total 57 2.8 100.0


Q18: What concerns might you have about technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering?

Q18_Refused [Refused/DK] What concerns might you have about technologies

that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 18 .9 10.4 10.4 1 Don't know 155 7.7 89.6 100.0 Total 173 8.6 100.0


Q21 [Cruise control] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the

following vehicle safety technologies:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 Can be turned on by

touching the gas pedal

2 Can be turned off by

touching the brake pedal

3 Will turn itself off when the

vehicle gets too close to a

slower moving vehicle

13 .6 .6 .6

63

3.1

3.1

3.8

1597

79.3

79.3

83.0

67

3.3

3.3

86.4

143

4 I am unsure of the correct

response

275

13.6

13.6

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q22 [Cruise control] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 5 .2 .3 .3 0 Not confident at all/Totally

19

.9

1.1

1.4 guessing 0

1 1 25 1.2 1.4 2.8 2 2 64 3.2 3.7 6.5 3 3 122 6.1 7.1 13.6 4 4 264 13.1 15.3 28.9 5 Extremely

1228

60.9

71.1

100.0 confident/Answered based

on experience 5

Total 1727 85.7 100.0

Missing System 288 14.3

Total 2015 100.0

Q23 [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] Please check the response that reflects your

understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 Works best when the

driver pumps the brakes

2 Works best when the

driver firmly applies and

holds the brakes

18 .9 .9 .9

195

9.7

9.7

10.6

1288

63.9

63.9

74.5

144

3 Provides mechanical

noises and pulsations to

alert the driver the anti-lock

braking system is NOT

working

33

1.6

1.6

76.1


response

481

23.9

23.9

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q24 [Anti-lock braking system (ABS)] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


22

1.1

1.5

1.5 guessing 0

1 1 26 1.3 1.7 3.2 2 2 76 3.8 5.0 8.2 3 3 285 14.1 18.8 27.0 4 4 335 16.6 22.1 49.1 5 Extremely

771

38.3

50.9


on experience 5

Total 1516 75.2 100.0


Total 2015 100.0

Q25 What does this symbol mean if you see it lit up on the dashboard?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 The vehicle needs an oil

change

2 One of the tires needs air

3 A headlight is burned out

33 1.6 1.6 1.6

78

3.9

3.9

5.5

941 46.7 46.7 52.2

50 2.5 2.5 54.7

145


response

913

45.3

45.3

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q26 [Symbol on dashboard] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


36

1.8

3.4

3.7 guessing 0

1 1 23 1.1 2.2 5.9 2 2 57 2.8 5.3 11.2 3 3 132 6.6 12.3 23.6 4 4 161 8.0 15.1 38.6 5 Extremely

656

32.6

61.4


on experience 5

Total 1069 53.1 100.0


Total 2015 100.0

Q27 [Back-up warning system (without a camera view)] Please check the response that

reflects your understanding about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 Alerts the driver there are

possible metal objects

located behind the vehicle


possible objects located

behind the vehicle

17 .8 .8 .8

33

1.6

1.6

2.5

1353

67.1

67.1

69.6

146

3 Alerts the driver every time

an object is located behind

the vehicle when the vehicle

is in drive

213

10.6

10.6

80.2


response

399

19.8

19.8

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q28 [Back-up warning system (without a camera view)] How confident are you that your answer

is correct?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


guessing 0

40

2.0

2.5

2.6

1 1 50 2.5 3.1 5.8 2 2 142 7.0 8.9 14.6 3 3 391 19.4 24.5 39.1 4 4 463 23.0 29.0 68.0 5 Extremely

confident/Answered based

on experience 5

511

25.4

32.0

100.0

Total 1599 79.4 100.0


Q29 [Back-up camera] Please check the response that reflects your understanding about the

following vehicle safety technologies:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 23 1.1 1.1 1.1 1 Alerts the driver every time

an object is located behind

the vehicle when the vehicle

is in drive

74

3.7

3.7

4.8

147

2 Only works during the day

light hours

11

.5

.5

5.4

3 Provides a view of the

area behind the vehicle

through a video display in

the vehicle

1701

84.4

84.4

89.8


response

206

10.2

10.2

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q30 [Back-up camera] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


19

.9

1.1

1.6 guessing 0

1 1 21 1.0 1.2 2.8 2 2 59 2.9 3.3 6.1 3 3 190 9.4 10.6 16.7 4 4 417 20.7 23.3 40.1 5 Extremely

1070

53.1

59.9


on experience 5

Total 1786 88.6 100.0


Total 2015 100.0

Q31 [Adaptive cruise control] Please check the response that reflects your understanding

about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 22 1.1 1.1 1.1 1 Adjusts the speed of the

vehicle based on weather

conditions

98

4.9

4.9

6.0

148

2 Requires the driver to turn

on the system and set the

desired following distance to

vehicles ahead

339

16.8

16.8

22.8

3 Adjusts the speed of the

vehicle by using the

navigation system to know

the roadway speed limit

210

10.4

10.4

33.2


response

1346

66.8

66.8

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q32 [Adaptive cruise control] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 Not confident at all/Totally

guessing 0

34

1.7

5.3

5.3

1 1 49 2.4 7.6 12.8 2 2 120 6.0 18.5 31.4 3 3 189 9.4 29.2 60.6 4 4 136 6.7 21.0 81.6 5 Extremely

119

5.9

18.4


on experience 5

Total 647 32.1 100.0


Total 2015 100.0

Q33 [Blind spot alert system] Please check the response that reflects your understanding

about the following vehicle safety technologies:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2

149


objects located behind the

vehicle

46

2.3

2.3

3.5

2 Alerts the driver they are

located in the blind spot of

another vehicle

140

6.9

6.9

10.4

3 Alerts the driver every time

a passing vehicle is located

in the blind spot of their

vehicle

1151

57.1

57.1

67.5


response

654

32.5

32.5

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q34 [Blind spot alert system] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


39

1.9

2.9

3.4 guessing 0

1 1 50 2.5 3.7 7.1 2 2 128 6.4 9.6 16.7 3 3 329 16.3 24.6 41.3 4 4 402 20.0 30.1 71.4 5 Extremely

383

19.0

28.6


on experience 5

Total 1337 66.4 100.0


Total 2015 100.0

Q35 [Forward collision warning system] Please check the response that reflects your


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

150

Valid -1 Refused 25 1.2 1.2 1.2 1 Alerts the driver whenever

the vehicle gets close to

another vehicle or object,

such as when you pull up

behind someone

232

11.5

11.5

12.8

2 Alerts the driver when a

vehicle in front of you is

stopped

129

6.4

6.4

19.2

3 Alerts the driver when the

system detects a stopped

vehicle or object moving

more slowly than their

vehicle

796

39.5

39.5

58.7


response

833

41.3

41.3

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q36 [Forward collision warning system] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


48

2.4

4.1

4.3 guessing 0

1 1 76 3.8 6.6 10.9 2 2 176 8.7 15.2 26.1 3 3 404 20.0 34.9 61.0 4 4 293 14.5 25.3 86.3 5 Extremely

158

7.8

13.7


on experience 5

Total 1157 57.4 100.0


Total 2015 100.0

151

Q37 [Lane departure warning system] Please check the response that reflects your


Q38 [Lane departure warning system] How confident are you that your answer is correct?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


36

1.8

2.8

3.2 guessing 0

1 1 59 2.9 4.6 7.8 2 2 125 6.2 9.7 17.5 3 3 347 17.2 27.0 44.5 4 4 428 21.2 33.3 77.9 5 Extremely

284

14.1

22.1


on experience 5

Total 1284 63.7 100.0


Total 2015 100.0

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 Alerts the driver when they

are taking a curve too fast

and are about to go off the

road

2 Alerts the driver when they

are about to drift out of their

lane in either direction

3 Alerts the driver the

vehicle alongside them is

drifting out of their lane


response

Total

25 1.2 1.2 1.2

19

.9

.9

2.2

1208

60.0

60.0

62.1

57

2.8

2.8

65.0

706

35.0

35.0

100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

152

Q39_1 [A black box located in vehicles that would be able to identify what caused a crash]

How much would you be interested in using each of the following?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 22 1.1 1.1 1.1 1 Very interested 388 19.3 19.3 20.3 2 Somewhat interested 602 29.9 29.9 50.2 3 Neutral 531 26.4 26.4 76.6 4 Not very interested 201 10.0 10.0 86.6 5 Not at all interested 204 10.1 10.1 96.7 6 Don't know 67 3.3 3.3 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q39_2 [Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies that warn the driver to stop if he/she

is too tired to drive] How much would you be interested in using each of the following?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 22 1.1 1.1 1.1 1 Very interested 601 29.8 29.8 30.9 2 Somewhat interested 726 36.0 36.0 66.9 3 Neutral 360 17.9 17.9 84.8 4 Not very interested 132 6.6 6.6 91.4 5 Not at all interested 108 5.4 5.4 96.7 6 Don't know 66 3.3 3.3 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q40_1 [Science and technology make our way of life change too fast.] For each one, please


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 19 .9 .9 .9 1 Strongly Agree 118 5.9 5.9 6.8 2 Agree 271 13.4 13.4 20.2

153

3 Somewhat Agree 541 26.8 26.8 47.1

4 Neutral 440 21.8 21.8 68.9

5 Somewhat Disagree 267 13.3 13.3 82.2

6 Disagree 265 13.2 13.2 95.3

7 Strongly Disagree 94 4.7 4.7 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q40_2 [Scientists can be trusted to make the right decisions.] For each one, please rate

how strongly you agree or disagree.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 21 1.0 1.0 1.0 1 Strongly Agree 56 2.8 2.8 3.8 2 Agree 177 8.8 8.8 12.6 3 Somewhat Agree 455 22.6 22.6 35.2 4 Neutral 704 34.9 34.9 70.1 5 Somewhat Disagree 394 19.6 19.6 89.7 6 Disagree 152 7.5 7.5 97.2 7 Strongly Disagree 56 2.8 2.8 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q40_3 [Technology, in general, can make the world a safer place.] For each one, please


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2 1 Strongly Agree 220 10.9 10.9 12.1 2 Agree 522 25.9 25.9 38.0 3 Somewhat Agree 689 34.2 34.2 72.2 4 Neutral 391 19.4 19.4 91.6 5 Somewhat Disagree 117 5.8 5.8 97.4 6 Disagree 39 1.9 1.9 99.4 7 Strongly Disagree 13 .6 .6 100.0

154

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q40_4 [I would describe myself as someone who embraces new technology.] For each one,


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q40_5 [I frequently purchase the newest types of technology available.] For each one,


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q40_6 [I find working with computers very easy.] For each one, please rate how strongly

you agree or disagree.

155

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q40_7 [I always try to understand how a technology, that I use in my daily life works.] For

each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q41_1 [Driving when tired] How often do you think each of the following factors is

the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 21 1.0 1.0 1.0 1 Never 61 3.0 3.0 4.1 2 Sometimes 453 22.5 22.5 26.6 3 Often 744 36.9 36.9 63.5

156

4 Very often 709 35.2 35.2 98.7

5 Don't know 27 1.3 1.3 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q41_2 [Drinking and driving] How often do you think each of the following factors

is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 23 1.1 1.1 1.1 1 Never 130 6.5 6.5 7.6 2 Sometimes 185 9.2 9.2 16.8 3 Often 441 21.9 21.9 38.7 4 Very often 1210 60.0 60.0 98.7 5 Don't know 26 1.3 1.3 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q41_3 [Taking illegal drugs and driving] How often do you think each of the

following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Q41_4 [Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were prescribed

to the driver, but with labels advising one should not drive while taking them)]

How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being

involved in road c

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 Never

2 Sometimes

3 Often

4 Very often

5 Don't know

Total

28 1.4 1.4 1.4

142 7.0 7.0 8.4

339 16.8 16.8 25.3

535 26.6 26.6 51.8

931 46.2 46.2 98.0

40 2.0 2.0 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

157

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q41_5 [Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (drugs that were NOT

prescribed to the driver)] How often do you think each of the following factors is

the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q41_6 [Making/answering a call with handheld phone] How often do you think

each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road

crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 23 1.1 1.1 1.1 1 Never 84 4.2 4.2 5.3 2 Sometimes 358 17.8 17.8 23.1 3 Often 570 28.3 28.3 51.4 4 Very often 947 47.0 47.0 98.4 5 Don't know 33 1.6 1.6 100.0

158

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q41_7 [Making/answering a call using hands-free technology] How often do you

think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road

crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q41_8 [Texting and driving or using the phone for a purpose other than making a

call] How often do you think each of the following factors is the cause of drivers

being involved in road crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q41_9 [Bad weather conditions] How often do you think each of the following

factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 26 1.3 1.3 1.3

159

1 Never 30 1.5 1.5 2.8

2 Sometimes 526 26.1 26.1 28.9

3 Often 833 41.3 41.3 70.2

4 Very often 578 28.7 28.7 98.9

5 Don't know 22 1.1 1.1 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q41_10 [Inexperience (less than 3 years driving)] How often do you think each of

the following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q41_11 [Teen drivers] How often do you think each of the following factors is the

cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


160

Q41_12 [Drivers aged 65 - 79] How often do you think each of the following factors


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q41_13 [Drivers aged 80 and older] How often do you think each of the following

factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q41_14 [Other drivers] How often do you think each of the following factors is the

cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 34 1.7 1.7 1.7 1 Never 81 4.0 4.0 5.7 2 Sometimes 766 38.0 38.0 43.7 3 Often 692 34.3 34.3 78.1 4 Very often 261 13.0 13.0 91.0 5 Don't know 181 9.0 9.0 100.0

161

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q41_15 [Vehicle malfunction] How often do you think each of the following factors


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q41_16 [Bad roadways (potholes, cracks, etc.)] How often do you think each of the

following factors is the cause of drivers being involved in road crashes?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q84: What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Park while the engine was on and in Drive?


road and you shifted your vehicle into Park while the engine was on and in Drive?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

162

Valid -1 Refused 109 5.4 14.1 14.1 1 Prefer not to answer 662 32.9 85.9 100.0 Total 771 38.3 100.0


Q85: What would happen to your vehicle if you were driving down the road and you shifted your vehicle into Neutral while the engine was on and in Drive?


road and you shifted your vehicle into Neutral while the engine was on and in Drive?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent



Q86 The vehicle I drive most often has:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 Push button start

2 Key ignition start

3 Prefer not to answer

Total

11 .5 .5 .5

254 12.6 12.6 13.2

1720 85.4 85.4 98.5

30 1.5 1.5 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

Q87: What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you pushed the button to turn off the engine?

Q87_Refused [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in

Drive, you pushed the button to turn off the engine?

163

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 5 .2 3.8 3.8 1 Prefer not to answer 127 6.3 96.2 100.0 Total 132 6.6 100.0


Q88: What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in Drive, you turned the key to turn off the engine?

Q88_Refused [Refused/DK] What would happen to your vehicle if while the vehicle was in

Drive, you turned the key to turn off the engine?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent



Q89_1 [Gas pedal] Referring to the situation we just described, please

check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the

engine were turned off.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q89_2 [Brakes] Referring to the situation we just described, please check

all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were

turned off.

164

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q89_3 [Anti-lock braking system] Referring to the situation we just

described, please check all systems you believe would continue to

operate, even if the engine were turned off.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q89_4 [Ignition (Push button/key ignition)] Referring to the situation we

just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q89_5 [Gears (will still shift)] Referring to the situation we just described,

please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if

the engine were turned off.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


165

Q89_6 [Emergency brake] Referring to the situation we just described,



Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q89_7 [Power steering] Referring to the situation we just described, please



Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q89_8 [Headlights] Referring to the situation we just described, please



Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q89_9 [Interior lights] Referring to the situation we just described, please



Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

166


Q89_10 [Emergency hazard lights (flashers)] Referring to the situation we

just described, please check all systems you believe would continue to


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q89_11 [Airbags] Referring to the situation we just described, please



Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q89_12 [Seatbelts (will still tighten)] Referring to the situation we just

described, please check all systems you believe would continue to


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


167

Q89_13 [Don't know] Referring to the situation we just described, please



Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q89_Refused [Refused] Referring to the situation we just described,



Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q42 Do you think of your vehicle as a means of transportation, or as something special–more

than just a way to get around?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 18 .9 .9 .9 1 I think of my vehicle simply

as transportation

1222

60.6

60.6

61.5

2 I think of my vehicle as

more than just a way to get

around

710

35.2

35.2

96.8

3 Don't know 65 3.2 3.2 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q43 Do you spend your personal time working on or restoring older vehicles?

168

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 12 .6 .6 .6 1 Yes 125 6.2 6.2 6.8 2 No 1846 91.6 91.6 98.4 3 Don't know 32 1.6 1.6 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q44 Do you like to keep up on the latest types of vehicle trends including new

vehicle features, technologies, and other new market trends?

Q45_1 [I type and read text messages while driving a vehicle.] Please read the

statements below and select the answer that best describes you.

Q45_2 [I talk on a cell phone (NOT hands-free) while driving a vehicle.] Please read the


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 Yes

2 No

3 Don't know

Total

18 .9 .9 .9

537 26.7 26.7 27.5

1332 66.1 66.1 93.6

128 6.4 6.4 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 All of the time

2 Most of the time

3 Some of the time

4 Rarely

5 Never

Total

21 1.0 1.0 1.0

10 .5 .5 1.5

19 .9 .9 2.5

186 9.2 9.2 11.7

536 26.6 26.6 38.3

1243 61.7 61.7 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

169

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 22 1.1 1.1 1.1 1 All of the time 21 1.0 1.0 2.1 2 Most of the time 68 3.4 3.4 5.5 3 Some of the time 489 24.3 24.3 29.8 4 Rarely 671 33.3 33.3 63.1 5 Never 744 36.9 36.9 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q45_3 [I talk on a cell phone (hands-free) while driving a vehicle.] Please read the


Q45_4 [I drive over the speed limit.] Please read the statements below and select the

answer that best describes you.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 All of the time

2 Most of the time

3 Some of the time

4 Rarely

5 Never

Total

25 1.2 1.2 1.2

78 3.9 3.9 5.1

145 7.2 7.2 12.3

505 25.1 25.1 37.4

333 16.5 16.5 53.9

929 46.1 46.1 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

170

Q45_5 [I believe the driver is the most important component of safe driving.] Please

read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2 1 All of the time 1208 60.0 60.0 61.1 2 Most of the time 592 29.4 29.4 90.5 3 Some of the time 127 6.3 6.3 96.8 4 Rarely 16 .8 .8 97.6 5 Never 48 2.4 2.4 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q45_6 [I believe the vehicle is the most important component of safe driving.] Please

read the statements below and select the answer that best describes you.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q46 Please rate how strongly you agree or disagree with the following statement. In

general, over the past 10 years, the number of people killed in car crashes in the United

States has been declining.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 16 .8 .8 .8 1 Strongly Agree 82 4.1 4.1 4.9 2 Agree 472 23.4 23.4 28.3

171

3 Neutral 347 17.2 17.2 45.5

4 Disagree 598 29.7 29.7 75.2

5 Strongly Disagree 175 8.7 8.7 83.9

6 Don't know 325 16.1 16.1 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q47_1 [Motor vehicle crashes are often accidents that cannot be avoided.] Please read

the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 29 1.4 1.4 1.4 1 Strongly Agree 45 2.2 2.2 3.7 2 Agree 217 10.8 10.8 14.4 3 Neutral 408 20.2 20.2 34.7 4 Disagree 1080 53.6 53.6 88.3 5 Strongly Disagree 236 11.7 11.7 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q47_2 [Motor vehicle crashes can often be avoided through safe driving habits.] Please

read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 27 1.3 1.3 1.3 1 Strongly Agree 542 26.9 26.9 28.2 2 Agree 1238 61.4 61.4 89.7 3 Neutral 176 8.7 8.7 98.4 4 Disagree 21 1.0 1.0 99.5 5 Strongly Disagree 11 .5 .5 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q47_3 [Motor vehicle crashes are about an equal mix of crashes that could and could

not be avoided.] Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or

disagree.

172

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 29 1.4 1.4 1.4 1 Strongly Agree 52 2.6 2.6 4.0 2 Agree 487 24.2 24.2 28.2 3 Neutral 701 34.8 34.8 63.0 4 Disagree 642 31.9 31.9 94.8 5 Strongly Disagree 104 5.2 5.2 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q47_4 [Motor vehicle crashes can be less severe with safety systems in your vehicle.]

Please read the statements and rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 24 1.2 1.2 1.2 1 Strongly Agree 434 21.5 21.5 22.7 2 Agree 1065 52.9 52.9 75.6 3 Neutral 421 20.9 20.9 96.5 4 Disagree 61 3.0 3.0 99.5 5 Strongly Disagree 10 .5 .5 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q48 Have you ever driven a vehicle (whether you personally owned it or not) that

acted in a way that startled you or that you did not expect?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 17 .8 .8 .8 1 Yes 830 41.2 41.2 42.0 2 No 1039 51.6 51.6 93.6 3 Don't know 129 6.4 6.4 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

173

Q49 Did you seek information to understand why the vehicle behaved the way it

did?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 13 .6 1.3 1.3 1 Yes 663 32.9 67.9 69.3 2 No 196 9.7 20.1 89.3 3 Don't know 104 5.2 10.7 100.0 Total 976 48.4 100.0


Q50_1 [Internet - Google or other type of search] In the future, if you found

yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not

understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to

try to understand the problem?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_2 [Online video (YouTube, Car company video, etc.)] In the future, if

you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner

you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below

would you go to try to understand the proble

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


174

Q50_3 [Online forums] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation

where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if

any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the

problem?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_4 [Contact my local mechanic] In the future, if you found yourself in a

situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand,

where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to

understand the problem?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_5 [Contact dealership I purchased the vehicle from] In the future, if

you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner

you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below

would you go to try to understand the proble

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_6 [Visit the dealership] In the future, if you found yourself in a




175

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_7 [Visit a dealership of my vehicle's brand] In the future, if you found




Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_8 [Contact the manufacturer] In the future, if you found yourself in a




Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_9 [Check the manufacturer's website] In the future, if you found




Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 No 1455 72.2 72.2 72.2

176

1 Yes 560 27.8 27.8 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q50_10 [Government safety website (i.e. - National Transportation Safety

Board, safercar.gov, etc.)] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation


any, out of the sources listed below

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_11 [Books] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where

your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out

of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the

problem?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_12 [Brochures, pamphlets] In the future, if you found yourself in a




Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


177

Q50_13 [Social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.)] In the future, if you found




Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_14 [Read the owner's manual] In the future, if you found yourself in a




Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_15 [Ask friends or family] In the future, if you found yourself in a




Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


178

Q50_16 [Learn by trial and error] In the future, if you found yourself in a




Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_17 [None of the above] In the future, if you found yourself in a




Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_18 [Other, specify] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation



problem?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_Refused [Refused] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation



problem?

179

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q50_Text [Text] In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in

a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go

to try to understand the problem?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1990 98.8 98.8 98.8

AAA 1 .0 .0 98.8

ask a good mechanic friend 1 .0 .0 98.9

ask my husband 1 .0 .0 98.9

car manual 1 .0 .0 99.0

Check with people who have

the same model as mine

1

.0

.0

99.0

diagnose the car and fix it 1 .0 .0 99.1

Go to a Tire Co 1 .0 .0 99.1

husband 1 .0 .0 99.2

husband would fix it 1 .0 .0 99.2

i have had many recalls on

my car and problems the

chrysler m manufactuera did

not want to help untill i and

the dealership called over 65

times ever all the problems

with my car have not been

rectified. chrysler cars

especially town and country

have many accidents.

1

.0

.0

99.3

libary 1 .0 .0 99.3

look at everything, get under

the car, see if something is

broke, or loss

1

.0

.0

99.4

180

my spouse/a mechanic 1 .0 .0 99.4

n/a 1 .0 .0 99.5

Read the shop manual. 1 .0 .0 99.5

repair manual 1 .0 .0 99.6

take it apart and see whats

up

1

.0

.0

99.6

Take it back to the dealer 1 .0 .0 99.7

talk with a mechaniic 1 .0 .0 99.7

teck manuals 1 .0 .0 99.8

troubleshoot w/partner 1 .0 .0 99.8

Use OnStar service 1 .0 .0 99.9

visit the Library or an auto

museum

1

.0

.0

99.9

work on problem and

investigate myself

1

.0

.0

100.0

y husband...he

builds/restores cars :)

1

.0

.0

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q51_ABS [ABS symbol] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option

that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer regarding

the symbol:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 88 4.4 4.4 4.4 1 Same day 592 29.4 29.4 33.7 2 2-3 days 362 18.0 18.0 51.7 3 Less than a week 234 11.6 11.6 63.3 4 2 Weeks 74 3.7 3.7 67.0 5 1 month 38 1.9 1.9 68.9 6 Longer than a month 44 2.2 2.2 71.1 7 Don't know 327 16.2 16.2 87.3 8 I would figure out and

resolve the issue myself

256

12.7

12.7

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

181

Q51_Airbag [Airbag symbol] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the

option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer

regarding the symbol:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 97 4.8 4.8 4.8 1 Same day 535 26.6 26.6 31.4 2 2-3 days 340 16.9 16.9 48.2 3 Less than a week 236 11.7 11.7 60.0

4 2 Weeks 78 3.9 3.9 63.8 5 1 month 40 2.0 2.0 65.8 6 Longer than a month 42 2.1 2.1 67.9 7 Don't know 412 20.4 20.4 88.3 8 I would figure out and


235

11.7

11.7

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q51_Engine [Check enginne light] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select

the option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent



211

10.5

10.5

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

182

Q51_Oil [Check oil light] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option


the symbol:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


4 2 Weeks 57 2.8 2.8 70.2 5 1 month 20 1.0 1.0 71.2 6 Longer than a month 11 .5 .5 71.7 7 Don't know 147 7.3 7.3 79.0 8 I would figure out and


423

21.0

21.0

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q51_Tire [Tire pressure] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the option


the symbol:

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent



531

26.4

26.4

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

183

Q51_Traction [Traction control] If one of these appeared on your dashboard, please select the

option that best reflects when you would contact a dealership, mechanic or manufacturer


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


4 2 Weeks 87 4.3 4.3 52.3 5 1 month 44 2.2 2.2 54.4 6 Longer than a month 44 2.2 2.2 56.6 7 Don't know 377 18.7 18.7 75.3 8 I would figure out and


497

24.7

24.7

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q52 Have you ever checked the owner's manual for any problems you were

having with your vehicle?

Q53: When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can you briefly describe the problem?

Q53_Refused [Refused/DK] When you used the owner's manual for a problem, can

you briefly describe the problem?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused

1 Yes

2 No

3 Don't know

Total

15 .7 .7 .7

1613 80.0 80.0 80.8

340 16.9 16.9 97.7

47 2.3 2.3 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

184

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent



Q54_1 [Adaptive cruise control] Adaptive cruise control

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 25 1.2 1.2 1.2 1 201 10.0 10.0 11.2 2 104 5.2 5.2 16.4 3 137 6.8 6.8 23.2 4 162 8.0 8.0 31.2 5 228 11.3 11.3 42.5 6 326 16.2 16.2 58.7 7 832 41.3 41.3 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q54_2 [Blind spot detection] Blind spot detection

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


185

Q54_3 [Forward collision warning] Forward collision warning

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q54_4 [Lane departure warning] Lane departure warning

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q54_5 [Drowsiness and attention-assist technologies] Drowsiness and

attention-assist technologies

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 26 1.3 1.3 1.3

186

1 247 12.3 12.3 13.5

2 160 7.9 7.9 21.5

3 237 11.8 11.8 33.3

4 216 10.7 10.7 44.0

5 288 14.3 14.3 58.3

6 356 17.7 17.7 75.9

7 485 24.1 24.1 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q54_6 [Back-up warning system] Back-up warning system

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent


Q54_7 [Back-up camera] Back-up camera

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 25 1.2 1.2 1.2 1 683 33.9 33.9 35.1 2 301 14.9 14.9 50.1 3 233 11.6 11.6 61.6 4 163 8.1 8.1 69.7 5 165 8.2 8.2 77.9 6 210 10.4 10.4 88.3 7 235 11.7 11.7 100.0

187

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

Q60 What is the population of the metropolitan area you live in?

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid -1 Refused 31 1.5 1.5 1.5 1 A population of greater

than 3,000,000 people

264

13.1

13.1

14.6

2 A population of between

1,000,000 and 2,999,999

people

304

15.1

15.1

29.7

3 A population between

500,000 and 999,999 people

233

11.6

11.6

41.3


100,000 and 499,999 people

354

17.6

17.6

58.9


50,000 and 99,999 people

253

12.6

12.6

71.4


15,000 and 50,000 people

268

13.3

13.3

84.7

7 A population less than

14,999 people

308

15.3

15.3

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPAGE Age

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 18 12 .6 .6 .6 19 12 .6 .6 1.2 20 15 .7 .7 1.9 21 15 .7 .7 2.7 22 33 1.6 1.6 4.3 23 33 1.6 1.6 6.0 24 27 1.3 1.3 7.3 25 28 1.4 1.4 8.7

188

26 27 1.3 1.3 10.0 27 29 1.4 1.4 11.5 28 31 1.5 1.5 13.0 29 25 1.2 1.2 14.2 30 32 1.6 1.6 15.8 31 31 1.5 1.5 17.4 32 29 1.4 1.4 18.8 33 27 1.3 1.3 20.1 34 34 1.7 1.7 21.8 35 34 1.7 1.7 23.5 36 33 1.6 1.6 25.2 37 40 2.0 2.0 27.1 38 29 1.4 1.4 28.6 39 38 1.9 1.9 30.5 40 34 1.7 1.7 32.2 41 34 1.7 1.7 33.8 42 28 1.4 1.4 35.2 43 35 1.7 1.7 37.0 44 44 2.2 2.2 39.2 45 31 1.5 1.5 40.7 46 18 .9 .9 41.6 47 29 1.4 1.4 43.0 48 35 1.7 1.7 44.8 49 42 2.1 2.1 46.8 50 41 2.0 2.0 48.9 51 42 2.1 2.1 51.0 52 54 2.7 2.7 53.6 53 53 2.6 2.6 56.3 54 45 2.2 2.2 58.5 55 50 2.5 2.5 61.0 56 44 2.2 2.2 63.2 57 53 2.6 2.6 65.8 58 46 2.3 2.3 68.1 59 51 2.5 2.5 70.6 60 47 2.3 2.3 73.0

189

61 45 2.2 2.2 75.2

62 27 1.3 1.3 76.5

63 40 2.0 2.0 78.5

64 42 2.1 2.1 80.6

65 36 1.8 1.8 82.4

66 44 2.2 2.2 84.6

67 50 2.5 2.5 87.0

68 28 1.4 1.4 88.4

69 27 1.3 1.3 89.8

70 21 1.0 1.0 90.8

71 24 1.2 1.2 92.0

72 19 .9 .9 93.0

73 13 .6 .6 93.6

74 22 1.1 1.1 94.7

75 12 .6 .6 95.3

76 18 .9 .9 96.2

77 9 .4 .4 96.6

78 11 .5 .5 97.2

79 7 .3 .3 97.5

80 12 .6 .6 98.1

81 6 .3 .3 98.4

82 8 .4 .4 98.8

83 4 .2 .2 99.0

84 4 .2 .2 99.2

85 2 .1 .1 99.3

86 6 .3 .3 99.6

87 3 .1 .1 99.8

88 3 .1 .1 99.9

90 1 .0 .0 100.0

92 1 .0 .0 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

ppagecat Age - 7 Categories

190

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 18-24 147 7.3 7.3 7.3 2 25-34 293 14.5 14.5 21.8 3 35-44 349 17.3 17.3 39.2 4 45-54 390 19.4 19.4 58.5 5 55-64 445 22.1 22.1 80.6 6 65-74 284 14.1 14.1 94.7 7 75+ 107 5.3 5.3 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

ppagect4 Age - 4 Categories

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 18-29

2 30-44

3 45-59

4 60+

Total

287 14.2 14.2 14.2

502 24.9 24.9 39.2

634 31.5 31.5 70.6

592 29.4 29.4 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

PPEDUC Education (Highest Degree Received)

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 No formal education

2 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th grade

3 5th or 6th grade

4 7th or 8th grade

5 9th grade

6 10th grade

7 11th grade

8 12th grade NO DIPLOMA

4 .2 .2 .2

2 .1 .1 .3

4 .2 .2 .5

8 .4 .4 .9

13 .6 .6 1.5

30 1.5 1.5 3.0

27 1.3 1.3 4.4

49 2.4 2.4 6.8

191

9 HIGH SCHOOL

GRADUATE - high school

DIPLOMA or the equivalent

(GED)

559

27.7

27.7

34.5

10 Some college, no degree 367 18.2 18.2 52.8

11 Associate degree 223 11.1 11.1 63.8

12 Bachelors degree 410 20.3 20.3 84.2

13 Masters degree 231 11.5 11.5 95.6

14 Professional or Doctorate

degree

88

4.4

4.4

100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPEDUCAT Education (Categorical)

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 Less than high school

2 High school

3 Some college

4 Bachelor's degree or

higher

Total

137 6.8 6.8 6.8

559 27.7 27.7 34.5

590 29.3 29.3 63.8

729

36.2

36.2

100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

PPETHM Race / Ethnicity

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 White, Non-Hispanic 1553 77.1 77.1 77.1 2 Black, Non-Hispanic 161 8.0 8.0 85.1 3 Other, Non-Hispanic 63 3.1 3.1 88.2 4 Hispanic 187 9.3 9.3 97.5 5 2+ Races, Non-Hispanic 51 2.5 2.5 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPGENDER Gender

192

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 Male 1024 50.8 50.8 50.8 2 Female 991 49.2 49.2 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPHHHEAD Household Head

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 No

1 Yes

Total

333 16.5 16.5 16.5

1682 83.5 83.5 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

PPHHSIZE Household Size

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 330 16.4 16.4 16.4 2 803 39.9 39.9 56.2 3 339 16.8 16.8 73.1 4 307 15.2 15.2 88.3 5 133 6.6 6.6 94.9 6 66 3.3 3.3 98.2 7 16 .8 .8 99.0 8 9 .4 .4 99.4 9 10 .5 .5 99.9 10 2 .1 .1 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPHOUSE Housing Type

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

193

Valid 1 A one-family house

detached from any other

house

1508

74.8

74.8

74.8

2 A one-family house

attached to one or more

houses

147

7.3

7.3

82.1

3 A building with 2 or more

apartments

271

13.4

13.4

95.6

4 A mobile home 87 4.3 4.3 99.9 5 Boat, RV, van, etc. 2 .1 .1 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPINCIMP Household Income

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 Less than $5,000 22 1.1 1.1 1.1 2 $5,000 to $7,499 15 .7 .7 1.8 3 $7,500 to $9,999 16 .8 .8 2.6 4 $10,000 to $12,499 33 1.6 1.6 4.3 5 $12,500 to $14,999 34 1.7 1.7 6.0 6 $15,000 to $19,999 52 2.6 2.6 8.5 7 $20,000 to $24,999 69 3.4 3.4 12.0 8 $25,000 to $29,999 89 4.4 4.4 16.4 9 $30,000 to $34,999 103 5.1 5.1 21.5 10 $35,000 to $39,999 102 5.1 5.1 26.6 11 $40,000 to $49,999 148 7.3 7.3 33.9 12 $50,000 to $59,999 178 8.8 8.8 42.7 13 $60,000 to $74,999 216 10.7 10.7 53.4 14 $75,000 to $84,999 142 7.0 7.0 60.5 15 $85,000 to $99,999 140 6.9 6.9 67.4 16 $100,000 to $124,999 302 15.0 15.0 82.4 17 $125,000 to $149,999 141 7.0 7.0 89.4 18 $150,000 to $174,999 84 4.2 4.2 93.6 19 $175,000 or more 129 6.4 6.4 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

194

PPMARIT Marital Status

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 Married 1246 61.8 61.8 61.8 2 Widowed 84 4.2 4.2 66.0 3 Divorced 183 9.1 9.1 75.1 4 Separated 27 1.3 1.3 76.4 5 Never married 325 16.1 16.1 92.6 6 Living with partner 150 7.4 7.4 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPMSACAT MSA Status

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 Non-Metro

1 Metro

Total

312 15.5 15.5 15.5

1703 84.5 84.5 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

PPREG4 Region 4 - Based on State of Residence

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 Northeast 358 17.8 17.8 17.8 2 Midwest 456 22.6 22.6 40.4 3 South 773 38.4 38.4 78.8 4 West 428 21.2 21.2 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

ppreg9 Region 9 - Based on State of Residence

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

195

Valid 1 New England 111 5.5 5.5 5.5 2 Mid-Atlantic 247 12.3 12.3 17.8 3 East-North Central 317 15.7 15.7 33.5 4 West-North Central 139 6.9 6.9 40.4 5 South Atlantic 432 21.4 21.4 61.8 6 East-South Central 108 5.4 5.4 67.2 7 West-South Central 233 11.6 11.6 78.8 8 Mountain 138 6.8 6.8 85.6 9 Pacific 290 14.4 14.4 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPRENT Ownership Status of Living Quarters

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 Owned or being bought by

you or someone in your

household

2 Rented for cash

3 Occupied without payment

of cash rent

Total

1552

77.0

77.0

77.0

412 20.4 20.4 97.5

51

2.5

2.5

100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

PPSTATEN State

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 11 ME 13 .6 .6 .6

12 NH 6 .3 .3 .9

13 VT 5 .2 .2 1.2

14 MA 56 2.8 2.8 4.0

15 RI 4 .2 .2 4.2

16 CT 27 1.3 1.3 5.5

21 NY 75 3.7 3.7 9.2

22 NJ 54 2.7 2.7 11.9

23 PA 118 5.9 5.9 17.8

196

31 OH 86 4.3 4.3 22.0 32 IN 44 2.2 2.2 24.2 33 IL 75 3.7 3.7 27.9 34 MI 59 2.9 2.9 30.9 35 WI 53 2.6 2.6 33.5 41 MN 41 2.0 2.0 35.5 42 IA 21 1.0 1.0 36.6 43 MO 37 1.8 1.8 38.4 44 ND 3 .1 .1 38.6 45 SD 8 .4 .4 39.0 46 NE 15 .7 .7 39.7 47 KS 14 .7 .7 40.4 51 DE 10 .5 .5 40.9 52 MD 40 2.0 2.0 42.9 53 DC 2 .1 .1 43.0 54 VA 59 2.9 2.9 45.9 55 WV 16 .8 .8 46.7 56 NC 68 3.4 3.4 50.1 57 SC 34 1.7 1.7 51.8 58 GA 50 2.5 2.5 54.2 59 FL 153 7.6 7.6 61.8 61 KY 28 1.4 1.4 63.2 62 TN 38 1.9 1.9 65.1 63 AL 27 1.3 1.3 66.5 64 MS 15 .7 .7 67.2 71 AR 21 1.0 1.0 68.2 72 LA 31 1.5 1.5 69.8 73 OK 24 1.2 1.2 71.0 74 TX 157 7.8 7.8 78.8 81 MT 6 .3 .3 79.1 82 ID 10 .5 .5 79.6 83 WY 3 .1 .1 79.7 84 CO 27 1.3 1.3 81.0 85 NM 12 .6 .6 81.6 86 AZ 39 1.9 1.9 83.6

197

87 UT 22 1.1 1.1 84.7

88 NV 19 .9 .9 85.6

91 WA 49 2.4 2.4 88.0

92 OR 22 1.1 1.1 89.1

93 CA 205 10.2 10.2 99.3

94 AK 5 .2 .2 99.6

95 HI 9 .4 .4 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPT01 Presence of Household Members - Children 0-1

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0

1

2

3

Total

1942 96.4 96.4 96.4

71 3.5 3.5 99.9

1 .0 .0 100.0

1 .0 .0 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0

1

2

3

Total

1816 90.1 90.1 90.1

163 8.1 8.1 98.2

34 1.7 1.7 99.9

2 .1 .1 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0

1

1722 85.5 85.5 85.5

184 9.1 9.1 94.6

198

2 80 4.0 4.0 98.6

3 19 .9 .9 99.5

4 9 .4 .4 100.0

5 1 .0 .0 100.0

Total 2015 100.0 100.0


Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0

1

2

3

4

Total

1731 85.9 85.9 85.9

222 11.0 11.0 96.9

53 2.6 2.6 99.6

8 .4 .4 100.0

1 .0 .0 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

PPT18OV Presence of Household Members - Adults 18+

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 370 18.4 18.4 18.4 2 1151 57.1 57.1 75.5 3 305 15.1 15.1 90.6 4 135 6.7 6.7 97.3 5 37 1.8 1.8 99.2 6 10 .5 .5 99.7 7 4 .2 .2 99.9 8 2 .1 .1 100.0 9 1 .0 .0 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPWORK Current Employment Status

199

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1 Working - as a paid

employee

1107

54.9

54.9

54.9

2 Working - self-employed 154 7.6 7.6 62.6 3 Not working - on

temporary layoff from a job

12

.6

.6

63.2

4 Not working - looking for

work

92

4.6

4.6

67.7

5 Not working - retired 382 19.0 19.0 86.7 6 Not working - disabled 111 5.5 5.5 92.2 7 Not working - other 157 7.8 7.8 100.0 Total 2015 100.0 100.0

PPNET HH Internet Access

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid 0 No

1 Yes

Total

292 14.5 14.5 14.5

1723 85.5 85.5 100.0

2015 100.0 100.0

200

Appendix E: National Consumer Survey of Driving Safety Technologies

National Survey Preliminary

Findings

201

National Survey of Consumer Driving Safety Dataset Preliminary Findings

Demographics (all demographic data is panel data that was not asked to the respondent, rather the contractor had the data previously available)

• Data collection took place in September 2014, for approximately 14 days • Total respondents = 2,015 respondents

Gender Frequency Percent Male 1025 50.9 Female 990 49.1 Total 2015 100.0

Age Frequency Percent

18-‐24 203 10.1 25-‐34 346 17.2 35-‐44 373 18.5 45-‐54 368 18.3 55-‐64 401 19.9 65-‐74 234 11.6 75+ 90 4.5 Total 2015 100 Cross tab: Gender and Age (4 Categories) Age -‐ 4 Categories Total

18-‐29 30-‐44 45-‐59 60+ Male 204 273 305 243 1025

Female 183 262 289 256 990 Total 387

(14.2%) 535 594 499 2015

Frequency Percent 18-‐29 386 19.2 30-‐44 535 26.6 45-‐59 595 29.5 60+ 499 24.8 Total 2015 100

202

Region – Based on State of Residence Frequency Percent

Northeast 355 17.6 Midwest 419 20.8 South 788 39.1 West 454 22.5 Total 2015 100 Education (Categories) Frequency Percent Less than high school 199 9.9 High school 565 28 Some college 592 29.4 Bachelor's degree or higher 660 32.7 Total 2015 100

Race/Ethnicity Frequency Percent White, Non-‐Hispanic 1388 68.9 Black, Non-‐Hispanic 198 9.8 Other, Non-‐Hispanic 115 5.7 Hispanic 290 14.4 2+ Races, Non-‐Hispanic 23 1.1 Total 2015 100

Metropolitan Status Frequency Percent Non-‐Metro 310 15.4 Metro 1705 84.6 Total 2015 100

Respondents Vehicle Demographics • Average age of the vehicle reported by respondents was a 2006 (slightly newer

than the average age of vehicles in the U.S. fleet according to IHS Polk. IHS reports the average age of vehicles in the U.S. fleet to be 11 years old)

203

• 1,904 respondents reported the year of their vehicle (Q5)

Year Frequency Percent

1960 -‐ 1980 4 0.2 1981 -‐ 1990 26 1.4 1991 -‐ 2004 647 34.0 2005 -‐ 2010 675 35.5 2011 -‐ 2013 418 22.0 2014 134 7.0 Total 1904 100.0

• Q43 – 6.7% of respondents reported that they spend personal time working on

or restoring older vehicles (all respondents were given this question) • Q42 -‐ When respondents were asked how they thought of their vehicle:

o 58.5% think of their vehicle simply as transportation o 36.3% reported that they think of their vehicle as something than just a

way to get around Q3 – In the last 7 days, how often do you think you drove a vehicle, including trips on the weekend? Frequency Percent

Refused 8 0.4 Less than an hour 44 2.2 1-‐2 hours 237 11.8 2-‐3 hours 336 16.7 3-‐4 hours 327 16.2 Over 4 hours 1042 51.7 Don't know 22 1.1 Total 2015 100

• Recall, that approximately 85% of respondents identified as living in a “metropolitan area”

204

Technology understanding by 2014 owners *denotes correct response 20 -‐ Cruise Control Frequency Percent

Refused -‐ -‐ Can be turned on by touching the gas pedal 2 1.3 Can be turned off by touching the brake pedal* 106 79.2 Will turn itself off when the vehicle gets too close to a slower moving vehicle

8 5.9

I am unsure of the correct response 18 13.6 Total 134 100.0

Q23 -‐ Anti-‐lock braking system Frequency Percent Refused 1 .7 Works best when the driver pumps the brakes 7 5.3 Works best when the driver firmly applies and holds the brakes*

98 73.2

Provides mechanical noises and pulsations to alert the driver the anti-‐lock braking system is NOT working

1 .9


Q25 -‐ Tire pressure symbol on dashboard Frequency Percent Refused 3 2.6 The vehicle needs an oil change 5 3.8 One of the tires needs air* 72 53.6 A headlight is burned out 3 2.3 I am unsure of the correct response 50 37.7 Total 134 100.0 Q27 -‐ Back-‐up warning system (without camera view) Frequency Percent

Refused -‐ -‐ Alerts the driver there are possible metal objects located 1 .5

205

behind the vehicle Alerts the driver there are possible objects located behind the vehicle*

92 68.8

Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive

20 15.3


Q29 -‐ Back-‐up camera Frequency Percent Refused 1 >1% Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive

3 .6

Only works during the day light hours -‐ -‐ Provides a view of the area behind the vehicle through a video display in the vehicle*

127 94.4


Approximately 95% of respondents rated their confidence as a 4 or 5.

Q31 -‐ Adaptive cruise control Frequency Percent Refused -‐ -‐ Adjusts the speed of the vehicle based on weather conditions 6 4.8 Requires the driver to turn on the system and set the desired following distance to vehicles ahead*

27 20.4

Adjusts the speed of the vehicle by using the navigation system to know the roadway speed limit

17 12.8


206

Q33 -‐ Blind spot alert system Frequency Percent

Refused 1 >1% Alerts the driver there are objects located behind the vehicle -‐ -‐ Alerts the driver they are located in the blind spot of another vehicle

13 9.4

Alerts the driver every time a passing vehicle is located in the blind spot of their vehicle*

84 62.6


Q35 -‐ Forward collision warning system Frequency Percent Refused 1 >1% Alerts the driver whenever the vehicle gets close to another vehicle or object, such as when you pull up behind someone

13 9.8

Alerts the driver when a vehicle in front of you is stopped 7 5.0 Alerts the driver when the system detects a stopped vehicle or object moving more slowly than their vehicle*

51 38.3


Q37 -‐ Lane departure warning system Frequency Percent Refused 5 3.7 Alerts the driver when they are taking a curve too fast and are about to go off the road

-‐ -‐

Alerts the driver when they are about to drift out of their lane in either direction*

83 61.6

Alerts the driver the vehicle alongside them is drifting out of their lane

5 4.0


207

Knowledge of systems (ALL RESPONDENTS) Q7 (All Respondents)-‐ Respondents were asked if they had heard of (interacted with, seen on a commercial or heard elsewhere) Yes No Cruise Control 94.1% 5.9% Anti-‐lock braking system 92.5% 7.5% Traction Control 73.1% 26.9% Back-‐up Camera 85.9% 14.1% Back-‐up warning system (without camera view) 71.5% 28.5% Blind spot alert system 62.9% 37.4% Adaptive Cruise Control 35% 65% Forward Collision Warning 55.5% 44.5% Lane Departure Warning 52.5% 47.5% Q11 – Technologies that automatically drive the vehicle: Frequency Percent 1 Very comfortable 14 0.7 2 196 9.7 3 162 8 4 460 22.8 5 Very uncomfortable 411 20.4 Don't know 507 25.1 Total 2015 100.0 Q12 – Technologies that automatically park the vehicle: Frequency Percent 1 Very comfortable 22 1.1 2 212 10.5 3 275 13.7 4 554 27.5 5 Very uncomfortable 338 16.8 Don't know 351 17.4 Total 2015 100.0

208

Q13 – Technologies that alert the driver using sound Frequency Percent Refused 22 1.1 1 Very comfortable 753 37.4 2 534 26.5 3 416 20.7 4 489 4.4 5 Very uncomfortable 75 3.7 Don't know 125 6.2 Total 2015 100.0 Q14 – Technologies that take control of the vehicle to avoid a crash by braking or steering Frequency Percent Refused 15 0.7 1 Very comfortable 253 12.6 2 346 17.2 3 558 27.7 4 304 15.1 5 Very uncomfortable 279 13.8 Don't know 259 12.8 Total 2015 100 Respondents were asked to select the response that best reflected their understanding of each system. Q21 -‐ Cruise Control Frequency Percent

Refused 18 0.9 Can be turned on by touching the gas pedal 83 4.1 Can be turned off by touching the brake pedal* 1541 76.5 Will turn itself off when the vehicle gets too close to a slower moving vehicle 75 3.7 I am unsure of the correct response 299 14.8 Total 2015 100

Approximately 71% of people rated their confidence as a 4 or 5.

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Q23 -‐ Anti-‐lock braking system Frequency Percent Refused 23 1.2 Works best when the driver pumps the brakes 203 10.1 Works best when the driver firmly applies and holds the brakes* 1234 61.2 Provides mechanical noises and pulsations to alert the driver the anti-‐lock braking system is NOT working 40 2 I am unsure of the correct response 514 25.5 Total 2015 100

Approximately 52% rated their confidence as a 4 or 5.

Q25 -‐ Tire pressure symbol on dashboard Frequency Percent Refused 36 1.8 The vehicle needs an oil change 88 4.4 One of the tires needs air* 921 45.7 A headlight is burned out 57 2.9 I am unsure of the correct response 913 45.3 Total 2015 100


Q27 -‐ Back-‐up warning system (without camera view) Frequency Percent

Refused 21 1 Alerts the driver there are possible metal objects located behind the vehicle 45 2.3 Alerts the driver there are possible objects located behind the vehicle* 1317 65.4 Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive 231 11.4 I am unsure of the correct response 401 19.9 Total 2015 100


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Q29 -‐ Back-‐up camera Frequency Percent Refused 25 1.2 Alerts the driver every time an object is located behind the vehicle when the vehicle is in drive 83 4.1 Only works during the day light hours 16 0.8 Provides a view of the area behind the vehicle through a video display in the vehicle* 1669 82.8 I am unsure of the correct response 222 11 Total 2015 100


Q31 -‐ Adaptive cruise control Frequency Percent Refused 28 1.4 Adjusts the speed of the vehicle based on weather conditions 101 5 Requires the driver to turn on the system and set the desired following distance to vehicles ahead* 341 16.9 Adjusts the speed of the vehicle by using the navigation system to know the roadway speed limit 231 11.5 I am unsure of the correct response 1313 65.2 Total 2015 100

Approximately 13% of respondents rated their confidence as 4 or 5.

Q33 -‐ Blind spot alert system Frequency Percent

Refused 26 1.3 Alerts the driver there are objects located behind the vehicle 47 2.3 Alerts the driver they are located in the blind spot of another vehicle 146 7.2 Alerts the driver every time a passing vehicle is located in the blind spot of their vehicle* 1147 56.9 I am unsure of the correct response 648 32.2 Total 2015 100


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Q35 -‐ Forward collision warning system Frequency Percent Refused 30 1.5 Alerts the driver whenever the vehicle gets close to another vehicle or object, such as when you pull up behind someone 241 12 Alerts the driver when a vehicle in front of you is stopped 144 7.2 Alerts the driver when the system detects a stopped vehicle or object moving more slowly than their vehicle* 760 37.7 I am unsure of the correct response 840 41.7 Total 2015 100


Q37 -‐ Lane departure warning system Frequency Percent Refused 27 1.4 Alerts the driver when they are taking a curve too fast and are about to go off the road 25 1.2 Alerts the driver when they are about to drift out of their lane in either direction* 1176 58.3 Alerts the driver the vehicle alongside them is drifting out of their lane 70 3.5 I am unsure of the correct response 718 35.6 Total 2015 100

Approximately 34% of respondents rated their confidence as 4 or 5.

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Factors contributing to crashes Q41 – All respondents were asked to rate how often they believed to be the cause of crashes

Never Sometimes Often Very often

Don’t know

Driving when tired 3.7% 22.4% 35.8% 34.9% 1.7% Drinking and driving 7.8% 9.3% 21.0% 57.8% 1.6% Taking illegal drugs and driving 8.4% 17% 25.1% 45.5% 2.3% Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (were prescribed to the driver but advised not)

8.2% 30.8% 28.2% 28.7% 2.5%

Driving while impaired by prescription drugs (were NOT prescribed to the driver)

8.2% 30.2% 27% 29.4% 3.6%

Making/answering a call with handheld phone

4.9% 18.2% 27.4% 46.1% 1.8%

Making/answering a call using hands-‐free technology

8.5% 48% 24.2% 14.2% 3.1%

Texting and driving or using the for a purpose other than making a call

6.9 % 8.7% 19.4% 60.3% 2.8%

Bad weather 2.1% 26.5% 40% 28.3% 1.3% Inexperience (less than 3 years driving)

7.2% 30% 35.9% 22.3% 2.5%

Teen drivers 6.6% 28.7% 37% 23.9% 2% Drivers aged 65-‐79 6.2% 45.8% 30.8% 12.1% 3.1% Drivers aged 80 and older 6.3% 30.4% 30.6% 26.7% 3.9% Other drivers 5% 37.4% 33% 13.4% 9.1% Vehicle malfunction 5.8% 68.7% 14.6% 5.4% 3.5% Bad roadways (potholes, cracks, etc)

4.4% 61.9% 20.7% 8% 3.1%

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Interested in attention assist and black box (all respondents) Q39 – “Black box” locate din the vehicles that would be able to identify what caused a crash Frequency Percent

Refused 27 1.3 Very interested 412 20.4 Somewhat interested 594 29.5 Neutral 519 25.7 Not very interested 191 9.5 Not at all interested 194 9.6 Don't know 79 3.9 Total 2015 100 Q39-‐ Drowsiness and attention-‐assist technologies that warn the driver to stop if he/she is too tired to drive Frequency Percent

Refused 28 1.4 Very interested 611 30.3 Somewhat interested 702 34.8 Neutral 365 18.1 Not very interested 128 6.3 Not at all interested 108 5.4 Don't know 74 3.7 Total 2015 100

Beliefs of science and technology (all respondents) Frequency Percent Refused 27 1.4 Strongly Agree 72 3.6 Agree 179 8.9 Somewhat Agree 454 22.5 Neutral 705 35 Somewhat Disagree 378 18.8 Disagree 147 7.3 Strongly Disagree 53 2.6 Total 2015 100

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Q40 -‐ [Technology, in general, can make the world a safer place.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Frequency Percent Refused 31 1.5 Strongly Agree 236 11.7 Agree 496 24.6 Somewhat Agree 657 32.6 Neutral 417 20.7 Somewhat Disagree 126 6.2 Disagree 39 1.9 Strongly Disagree 14 0.7 Total 2015 100 Q40 -‐ [I would describe myself as someone who embraces new technology.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Frequency Percent Refused 26 1.3 Strongly Agree 223 11.1 Agree 446 22.1 Somewhat Agree 597 29.6 Neutral 433 21.5 Somewhat Disagree 181 9 Disagree 82 4.1 Strongly Disagree 27 1.3 Total 2015 100

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Q40 -‐ [I frequently purchase the newest types of technology available.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Frequency Percent Refused 27 1.3 Strongly Agree 95 4.7 Agree 207 10.3 Somewhat Agree 342 17 Neutral 500 24.8 Somewhat Disagree 370 18.4 Disagree 314 15.6 Strongly Disagree 159 7.9 Total 2015 100 Q40 -‐ [I find working with computers very easy.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Frequency Percent Refused 34 1.7 Strongly Agree 350 17.4 Agree 479 23.8 Somewhat Agree 448 22.3 Neutral 397 19.7 Somewhat Disagree 176 8.7 Disagree 95 4.7 Strongly Disagree 35 1.7 Total 2015 100

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Q40 -‐ [I always try to understand how a technology, that I use in my daily life works.] For each one, please rate how strongly you agree or disagree.

Frequency Percent Refused 30 1.5 Strongly Agree 278 13.8 Agree 520 25.8 Somewhat Agree 519 25.8 Neutral 393 19.5 Somewhat Disagree 155 7.7 Disagree 88 4.4 Strongly Disagree 32 1.6 Total 2015 100

Q47 -‐ Respondent beliefs of driving All of

the time

Most of the time

Some of the time

Rarely Never

… the driver is the most important component of safe driving

59.3% 28.6% 6.8% .8% 3.0%

… the vehicle is the most important component of safe driving

10.9% 23% 43.9% 13.6% 7%

Emergency Situation Q89 – Please check all systems you believe would continue to operate, even if the engine were turned off. Yes No Gas pedal 7.6% 92.4% Brakes 51.1% 48.9% Anti-‐lock braking system 14.3% 85.7% Ignition 19.9% 80.1% Gears (will still shift) 19 % 80.1% Emergency brake 66.4% 33.6% Power steering 7.3% 92.7% Headlights 61.7% 38.3% Interior lights 58.5% 41.5% Emergency hazard lights 66.7% 33.3% Airbags 39% 61% Seatbelts (will still tighten) 57.1% 42.9% Don’t know 15.4% 84.6%

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Seeking Information Q48 – Have you ever driven a vehicle (whether you personally owned it or not) that acted in a way that startled you or that you did not expect? Frequency Percent Refused 21 1.1 Yes 813 40.3 No 1038 51.5 Don't know 143 7.1 Total 2015 100 Q49 – Seek information to understand why the vehicle behaved the way it did? (those that answered ‘NO’ to Q48 did not receive this question) Frequency Percent

Refused 18 0.9 Yes 652 32.4 No 194 9.6 Don't know 113 5.6 Total 977 48.5

Missing System 18 0.9 Total 2015 652

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Q50 – In the future, if you found yourself in a situation where your vehicle reacted in a manner you did not understand, where, if any, out of the sources listed below would you go to try to understand the problem?

By gender: Internet – Google Search Total

No Yes Gender Male 408 617 1025

Female 461 529 990 Total 869 1146 2015

• Men slightly preferred the online videos and online forums • Females slightly preferred to contact their local mechanic, contact the

dealership, but men were slightly more likely to visit a dealership or contact the manufacturer

Frequency Yes

Internet 1147 56.9%

Online Video 425 21.1%

Online forums 314 15.6%

Contact local mechanic 1046 51.9%

Contact dealership of purchase 969 48.1%

Visit the dealership 519 25.8%

Visit a dealership of the vehicle’s brand 547 27.2%

Contact the manufacturer 310 15.4%

Check the manufacturer’s website 532 26.4%

Government safety website 318 15.8%

Books 154 7.6%

Brochures, pamphlets 104 5.2%

Read the owner’s manual 991 49.2%

Social media (Facebook, twitter) 95 4.7%

Ask friends or family 834 41.4%

Learn by trial and error 179 8.9%

None of the above 80 4%

Other, please specify 24 1.2%

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• Females were more likely to ask friends or family and men were nearly double as likely to learn by trial and error

By age: Count Internet -‐ Google search Total

No Yes Age -‐ 4 Categories 18-‐29 112 256 387

30-‐44 128 375 535 45-‐59 80 496 594 60+ 60 428 499

Total 3800 1555 2015 • Age groups 18-‐29 and 30-‐44 were more likely than the other age groups to use

online videos and online forums • Age groups 45-‐59 and 60+ reported more preference to visiting the dealership or

contacting the dealership or their local mechanic and read the owner’s manual

Q52 – Have you ever checked the owner’s manual for information? Read the owner’s manual (for information)

No Yes Age -‐ 4 Categories 18-‐29 112 256

30-‐44 128 128 45-‐59 80 496 60+ 60 428

Total 380 1555

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Q54 -‐ Technologies likely to purchase (if buying a new vehicle) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ACC 11.4% 5.6% 6.8% 7.5% 11.3% 15.5% 40.3% Blind Spot Warning

19.6% 21.2% 21.2% 15.7% 10.9% 7.3% 2.1%


11% 12.6% 16.1% 19.6% 19.1% 14.5% 5.2%


2.6% 8.6% 15.5% 24.6% 20.1% 18.5% 8%

Drowsiness and attention alert

12.6% 7.8% 11.5% 10.2% 15.1% 17.5% 23.5%

Back up warning system

11.5% 27% 14.7% 11.2% 12.6% 13.4% 7.9%

Back up camera

32.9% 14.5% 11.5% 8.2% 8.2% 10.5% 12.6%

Crosstab: Age group and Back up camera purchase preference

Crosstab: Gender and Back up camera purchase preference

[Back-‐up camera] Back-‐up camera 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Age 18-‐29 139 52 40 29 29 33 54 30-‐44 192 81 60 46 27 45 75 45-‐59 190 92 70 49 53 65 65 60+ 142 66 63 41 56 68 61

[Back-‐up camera] Back-‐up camera 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Age Male 324 137 109 85 92 113 146 Female 338 154 124 81 73 98 108

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Crosstab: Age group and Blind spot warning preference

Crosstab: Gender and Blind spot warning purchase preference [Blind spot detection] Blind spot detection

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Gender Male 176 218 214 169 113 81 27

Female 218 210 213 147 107 67 15

[Blind spot detection] Blind spot detection 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Age 18-‐29 62 99 98 49 36 19 9 30-‐44 95 108 104 97 62 44 14 45-‐59 117 118 120 102 71 45 11 60+ 121 103 106 69 50 40 9

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APPENDIX...APPENDIX A 1 Expert Questions Compiled – National Driver Safety Survey – Anonymous...

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Transcript of APPENDIX...APPENDIX A 1 Expert Questions Compiled – National Driver Safety Survey – Anonymous...