APPENDIX A

Table A.1 Fishes of Christmas Bay

Table A. 2 Crustaceans of Christmas Bay

Table A.3 Mollusks of Christmas Bay

Table A.4 Polychaetes of Christmas Bay

Table A.5 Protists, Plants and Lower Invertebrates

76

Table A.l. Fishes of Christmas Bay

Achirus lineatus, Lined SoleAdinia xenica. Diamond KillifishAnchoa hepsetus. Striped AnchovyAnchoa mitchilli. Bav AnchovyArchosargus probatocephalus. SheepsheadArius felis, Hardhead CatfishBagre marinus. Gafftopsail CatfishBairdiella chrysura. Silver PerchBrevoortia gunteri. Finescale MenhadenBrevoortia patronus, Gulf MenhadenCaranx hippos, Crevalle JackCarcharLinus brevipinna. Spinner SharkCarcharhinus leucas, Bull SharkCarcharhinus limbatus, Blacktip SharkCarcharhinus obscurus, Dusky SharkCentropristis philadelphica. Rock Sea BassChaetodipterus faber, Atlantic SpadefishChaetodon ocellatus, Spotfin ButterflyfishChasmodes bosquianus, Striped BlennyChilomycterus schoepfi. Striped BurrfishChloroscombrus chrysurus, Atlantic BumperCitharichthys spilopterus. Bay WhiffCynoscion arenarius, Sand SeatroutCynoscion nebulosus. Spotted SeatroutCyprinodon variegatus, Sheepshead MinnowDasyatis sabina, Atlantic StingrayDorosoma cepedianum. Gizzard ShadElops saurus, LadyfishEtropus crossotus. Fringed FlounderEucinostomus argenteus, Spotfin MojaraEucinostomus gula, Silver JennyFundulus grandis. Gulf KillifishFundulus similis, Longnose KillifishGobioides broussonneii. Violet GobyGobionellus boleosoma, Darter GobyGobionellus hastatus, Sharptail GobyGobiosoma bosci, Naked GobyGobiosoma robustum, Code GobyHarengula pensacolae,Hippocampus zosterae. Dwarf SeahorseHyporhamphus unifasciatus, Halfbeak

77

Table A.l. (continued) The Fishes of Christmas Bay

Hypsoblennius ionthas, Freckled BlennyLactophrys quadricornis. Scrawled CowfishLagodon rhomboides, PinfishLarimus fasciatus, Banded DrumLeiostomus xanthurus. SpotLepisosteus spatula. Alligator GarLobotes surinamensis, TripletailLucania parva, Rainwater KillifishLutjanus synagris. Lane SnapperMegalops atlanticus, TarponMembras martinica. Rough SilversideMenidia bery!lina. Inland SilversideMenticirrhus americanus. Southern KingfishMenticirrhus littoralis, Gulf KingfishMicrogobius gulosus. Clown GobyMicrogobius thalassinus, Green GobyMicropogonius undulatus, Atlantic CroakerMonocanthus hispidus, Planehead FilefishMugil cephalus. Striped MulletMugil curema, White MulletMyrophis punctatus. Speckled Worm EelOligoplites saurus, LeatherjacketOphichthus gomesi, Shrimp EelOphiodon sp., Cusk-eelOpsanus beta. Gulf ToadfishOrthopristis chrysoptera, PigfishParalichthys albigutta, Gulf FlounderParalichthys lethostigma. Southern FlounderPeprilus triacanthus, ButterfishPeprilus alepidotus, HarvestfishPoecilia latipinna, Sailfin MollyPogonias cromis, Black DrumPolydactylus octonemus, Atlantic ThreadfinPomatopus saltatrix, BluefishPrionotus tribulus, Bighead SearobinRhizoprionodon terraenovae, Atlantic Sharpnose SharkSciaenops ocellata. Red DrumScomberomorus maculatus, Spanish MackerelSelene vomer, LookdownSeriola fasciata. Lesser AmberjackSeriola rivoliana, Almaco Jack

78

Table A.l. (continued) The Fishes of Christmas Bay

Sphoeroides parvus. Least PufferSphyrna lewini, Scalloped HammerheadSphyrna tiburo. BonnetheadStellifer lanceoiatus. Star DrumStrongylura marina. Atlantic NeedlefishStrongylura notata. Redfin NeedlefishSymphurus parvus. Pygmy TonguefishSymphurus plagiusa. Blackcheek TonguefishSyngnathus floridae. Dusky PipefishSyngnathus louisianae. Chain PipefishSyngnatrn^s scovelli. Gulf PipefishSynodus foetens. Inshore LizardfishTrinectes maculatus. HogchokerUrophycis floridana. Southern Hake

Sources: McEachron et al., 1977; TPWD data files.

79

Table A.2. Crustaceans of Christmas Bay

Acartia lilljeborgi. copepodAcartia tonsa. copepodAcetes americanus, sergestid shrimpAlpheus heterochaelis. Big-clawed Snapping ShrimpAmpelisca sp.Balanus amphritrite, cirripedBalanus improvisus, cirripedCallanopia americana, copepodCallinectes sapidus. Blue CrabCallinectes similis. Lesser Blue CrabCaprella sp.Centropages velificatus, copepodClibinarius vittatus. Striped Hermit CrabCorophium sp.Corycaeus sp., copepodCymodusa compta. amphipodCymothoa excisa. isopodEdotea montosaElasmopus levisEmerita portoricensis, crabErgasilus sp., copepodErichsonella attenuata. isopodEucalanus pileatus, copepodEuchaeta paraconcinna, copepodEurypanopeus depressus. Flat Mud CrabGammarus mucronatus. amphipodGrandidiecella bonneiroides, amphipodHargeria rapax, tanaidHeterocrypta granulata. Pentagon CrabHexapanopeus angustifrons. Narrow Mud CrabHippolyte pleuracantha,Hippolyte zostericolaLabidocera aestiva, copepodLepidopa websteri. crabLibinia dubia. Spider CrabLucifer faxoni. sergestid shrimpMacrobrachium ohione, River ShrimpMacrosetella gracilis. copepodMelita nitida, amphipodMenippe mercenaria, Stone Crab

80

Table A.2. (continued) Crustaceans of Christmas Bay

Mysidopsis bahia. mysidNeopanope texana. xanthid crabNerocila acuminata, isopodOithoina cgjcarva, copepodOlencira praegustator, isopodOncaea sp., copepodOvalipes guadulpensis. Lady CrabPachygrapsus transversus. grapsid crabPagurus longicarpus. Long-wristed (Long Claw) Hermit CrabPagurus pollicaris. Big Claw Hermit CrabPalaemonetes intermedius,Palaemonctes pugio. Grass ShrimpPalaemonetes vulgaris,Paracalanus parvus. copepodPenaeus aztecus. Brown ShrimpPenaeus duorarum. Pink ShrimpPenaeus setiferus. White ShrimpPetrolisthes armatus, porcellanid crabPseudodiaptomus coronatus, copepodRithropanpeus harrisii, xanthid crabSquilla empusa, Mantis ShrimpTemora stylifera, copepodTemora turbinata, copepodTortanus setacaudatus, copepodTozeuma carolinense. Arrow ShrimpTrachypeneus similis. Broken-neck ShrimpUca sp.Xiphopeneus kroyeri, Seabob

Sources: McEachron et al., 1977; Thomas, 1989; Bagnall, 1976.

81

Table A.3. Mollusks of Christmas Bay

Abra aegualis. Common Atlantic AbraActeocina canaliculata. Channeled Barrel-BubbleAligena texasiana. Texas LeptonAmygdalum papyrium. Paper MusselAnachis avara. Greedy Dove ShellAnachis obesa. Fat Dove ShellAnachis ostreicolaAnadara ovalis. Blood ArkAnadara transversa. Transverse ArkAnomalocardia auberiana [cuneirnerjs], Pointed VenusAnomia simplex. Common Jingle ShellAnticlimax pilsbryArgopecten [Aequipecten] irradians. Atlantic Bay ScallopAtrina seminuda. Spiny Pen ShellAtrina serrata. Saw-toothed Pen ShellBalcis [Melanella] arcuata. Curved MelanellaBarnea costataBoonea [Odostomia] seminuda. Half-smooth OdostomeBrachidontes exustus. Scorched MusselBulla striata, Striate BubbleBusycon contrarium, Lightning WhelkBusycon spiratum. Pear WhelkCaecum glabrum. Smooth CaecumCaecum pulchellum. Beautiful Little CaecumCallocardia texasiana, Texas VenusCavolina tridentata, Three-toothed CavolinaCeritheum lutosum [variabile]. Muddy [Dwarf] CerithCerithidea pliculosa, Plicate Horn ShellCerithiopsis greeni. Green's Miniature CerithChione cancellata. Cross-barred VenusCochliolepis parasiticaCorbula barattiana, Barratt's CorbulaCorbula swiftiana. Swift's CorbulaCrassinella lunulata. Lunate CrassinellaCrassostrea virginica, Eastern OysterCrepidula convexa, Faded Slipper ShellCrepidula fornicata. Common Atlantic Slipper ShellCrepidula plana. Eastern White Slipper ShellCumingia tellinoides, Tellin-like CumingiaCyclinella tenuis, Atlantic Cyclinella

82

Table A.3 (Continued) Mollusks of Christmas Bay

Cyclostremiscus pentagonus, Trilix VitrinellaCyclostremiscus suppressusCyrtopleura costata. Angel WingDentalium texasianum, Texas TuskDiastoma [Bittium] varium. Variable BittiumDiodora cayensis, Cayenne Keyhole LimpetDiplodonta semiaspera. Pimpled DiplodonDiplodonta sororDiplothyra smithii. Oyster PiddockDonax roemeri, Coquina ShellDosinia Discus, Disk DosinaEnsis minor, Jacknife ClamEpitonium humpreysi. Humphrey's WentletrapEpitonium rupicola. Brown-banded WentletrapEpitonium multistriatum. Multiribbed WentletrapEpitonium sp., wentletrapEulimastoma [Odostomia] canaliculataEulimastoma harbisonaeEulimastoma [Odostomia] teresEulimastoma [Odostomia] weberi, Weber's EulimastomaEulimastoma emergeFargoa [Odostomia] gibbosa. Fat OdostomeFargoa [Odostomia] dianthophilaHydrobia barrettiHydrobia sp.Ischadium [Brachidontes] recurvum. Hooked MusselIschnochiton papillosus, Meshpitted ChitonLaevicardium [Dinocardium] robustum. Giant Atlantic CockleLaevicardium mortoni, Morton's Egg CockleLinga [Lucina] amiantus. Lovely Miniature LucinaLithophaga bisulcata. Mahogany Date MusselLittorina irrorata. Marsh PeriwinkleLittoridina sphinctostoma.Lolliguncula brevis. Brief SquidLucina [Phacoides] pectinata, Thick LucinaLyonsia hyalina. Glassy LyonsiaMacoma constricta. Constricted MacomaMacoma mitchelli, Mitchell's MacomaMacoma tenta, Tenta MacomaMacoma pulleyi, Pulley's MacomaMactra fragilis, Fragile Atlantic Mactra

83

Table A.3 (Continued) Mollusks of Christmas Bay

Mangelia plicosaMartesia sp.Melampus coffeusMelanella hemphilliMelanella sp.Mercenaria campechiensis, Southern QuahogMercenaria mercenaria texanaMicrocardium peramabileMitrella lunata. Lunar Dove ShellModiolus americanusModiolus demissus. Ribbed MusselMulima lateralis. Dwarf Surf ClamMysella planulata, Atlantic Flat LeptonMysella sp.Mytilopsis [Congeria] leucophaeta, Conrad's False MusselNassarius acutus. Sharp Knobbed NassaNassarius vibex, Common Eastern NassaNatica [Tectonatica] pusilla. Miniature NaticaNeritina virgineaNoetia ponderosa. Ponderous ArkNuculana acuta, Pointed NutShellNuculana concentrica. Concentric Nut ClamOdostomia bisuturalis. Double Sutured OdostomeOstrea equestris. Crested OysterPandora trilineata. Say's PandoraPeriploma margaritaceumPetricola pholadiformis. False Angel WingPhytia sp.Polinices duplicatus. Shark EyePolymesoda maritima [Pseudocyrena florjdana], Florida Marsh ClamProbythenella [Vioscalba] louisianaePyrgocythara [Mangelia] plicosa. Plicate MangeliaRangia cuneata. Common RangiaRangia flexuosa, Brown RangiaRetusa candeiRictaxis [Acteon] punctostriatus, Adam's Baby-BubbleSayella lividaSayella sp.Seila adamsi. Adam's Miniature CerithSemele proficua, White Atlantic SemeleSolariorbis blakei

84

Table A.3 (Continued) Mollusks of Christmas Bay

Solariorbis sp.Tagelus divisus. Purplish TagelusTagelus plebius [gibbus]. Stout TagelusTeinostoma biscaynenseTellina alternator. Alternate TellinTellina iris. Iris TellinTellina texana. Say's TellinTellina versicolor, Dekay's Dwarf TellinTellina sp.Terebra protexta. Fine Ribbed AugerThais haemastoma. Southern Oyster DrillTrachycardium muricatum. Yellow CockleTriphora perversa. Black-lined TriforaTurbonilla aegualisTurbonilla elegantula [elegans], Elegant TurbonillaTurbonilla interrupta. Interrupted TurbonilleTurbonilla sp.Vermicularia spirata [fargoj], Fargo's Worm ShellVitrinella floridana

Synonyms are listed within [brackets].

Sources: McEachron et al., 1977; Thomas, 1989; Andrews, 1981.

85

Table A.4. Polychaetes of Christmas Bay

Amphictes gunneri Spiochaetopterus costarumAricidea philbinae Spiochaetopterus oculatusAricidea taylori Spiophanes bombyxAxiothella mucosa Streblospio benedictiBranchioasychis americana Tharyx marioniCapitella capitataChone sp.Cirrophorus lyraDiopatra cupreaDrilonereis jongaDrilonereis magnaEumida sanguineaGlycera americanaGoniada maculataGoniada teresGoniodella sp.Heteromastus filiformisJasmineira sp.Laeonereis culveriLepidonotus sublevisLumbrineris verrilliMediomastus ambisetaMelinna maculataNeanthes succineaNematonereis hebesNereiphylla fragilisNereis lamellosaNereis occidentalisNereis succineaPolydora ligniPolydora socialisProtula sp.Pseudoeurythoe ambiquaSabella microphthalmaScololepis texanaScoloplos rubra

Source: Thomas, 1989; McEachron et al., 1977.

86

Table A.5. Protists, Plants and Lower Invertebrates

FORAMINIFERANS CTENOPHORESAmmonia beccarii Beroe gyata, Oval Comb JellyAmmotium sal sum Mnemiopsis sp.,Arenoparrella mexicanaElphidium matagordanum BRYOZOANSElphidium gunteri Membranipora sp.Miliammina fusca Bugula sp.Tiphotrocha comprimataTriloculina sp.Trochammina inflata

GREEN ALGAEEnteromorpha sp.

BROWN ALGAEEctocarpus sp.Dictyota sp.Sargassum sp.

RED ALGAEGracilaria sp.

FLOWERING PLANTSHalophila engelmanni. Clover GrassThalassis testudinum, Turtle GrassRuppia maritima. Widgeon GrassHalodule [Diplanthera] wrightii, Shoal Grass

SPONGESCliona sp., boring sponge

COELENTERATESPhysalia physalis, Portuguese Man-of-WarDactylometra sp., compass jellyStomolophus meleagris, Cabbagehead

Source: McEachron et al., 1977; Phleger, 1965.

87

APPENDIX B

1. Texas Parks & Wildlife DepartmentEndangered/Threatened Species Data FileBrazoria County

2. U.S. Fish & Wildlife ServiceBirds [of] Brazoria and San BernardNational Wildlife Refuges, Texas

3. U.S. Fish & Wildlife ServiceAmphibians and Reptiles of Brazoria andSan Bernard National Wildlife Refuges

88

Endangered/Threatened Species Data File, Texas Parks & Wildlife Department, OS/09/88

COUNTY: Brazoria

ENDANGERED SPECIES

*WHALE, BLUE (Balaenoptera musculus)*WHALE, FIN (Balaenoptera physalus)*WHALE, RIGHT, BLACK (Balaena glacialis)*WHALE, SP^RM (Physeter macrocephalus)*JAGUARUNDI (Felis yagouaroundi)

***PELICAN, BROWN (Pelecanus occidentalis)***EAGLE, BALD (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)***PRAIRIE-CHICKEN, GREATER, ATTWATER1 (Tympanuchus cupido attwateri)

**TERN, LEAST, INTERIOR (Sterna antillarum athalassos)*WOODPECKER, RED-COCKADED (Picoides borealis)

***RIDLEY, ATLANTIC (Lepidochelys kempi)***LEATHERBACK (Dermochelys coriacea)***LOGGERHEAD (Caretta carella)

**SNAKE, GREEN, WESTERN SMOOTH (Opheodrys vernalis blanchardi)

THREATENED SPECIES

*DOLPHIN, ROUGH-TOOTHED (Steno bredanensis)*DOLPHIN, SPOTTED, ATLANTIC (Stenella plagiodon)* WHALE, SPERM, DWARF (Kogia simus)*WHALE, KILLER, FALSE (Pseudorca crassidens)*WHALE, GOOSE-BEAKED (Ziphius caviroslris)*WHALE, BEAKED, GERVAIS ' (Mesoplodon europaeus)*WHALE, KILLER (Orcinus area)*WHALE, PILOT, SHORT-FINNED (Clobicephala macrorhynchus)*WHALE, KILLER, PYGMY (Feresa attenuate)*WHALE, SPERM, PYGMY (Kogia breviceps)

***EGRET, REDDISH (Egretta rufescens)***IBIS, WHITE-FACED (Plegadis chihi)***STORK, WOOD (Mycteria americana)***FALCON, PEREGRINE, ARCTIC (Falco peregrinus tundrius)***PLOVER, PIPING (Charadrius mehdus)***HAWK, WHITE-TAILED (Buleo albicaudalus)

**KITE, SWALLOW-TAILED, AMERICAN (Elanoides forficatus]**BECARD, ROSE-THROATED (Pachyramphus aglaiae)**TERN, SOOTY (Sterna fuscala)

***LIZARD, HORNED, TEXAS (Phrynosoma cornutum)***TURTLE, SNAPPING, ALLIGATOR (Mccroclemys temminckii)***RATTLESNAKE, TIMBER (Crotalus horridus)

**TURTLE, GREEN, ATLANTIC (Chelonia mydas mydas)**SNAKE, SCARLET, TEXAS (Cemophora coccinea lineri)

***Confirmed species - ver if ied recent occurrence**Probable species - u n c o n f i r m e d , but w i t h i n general d is t r ibut ion pat tern of the species

*PossibIe species - unconf i rmed, but at per iphery of known dis t r ibut ion of the species

89

BIRDS OFBRAZORIA AND SAN BERNARD

NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGES

Welcome to Brazoria/San Bernard National WildlifeRefuges.

The Brazoria and San Bernard Refuges are two of the ma-jor goose wintering areas along the Texas Gulf Coast.Over 70,000 snow/blue geese use these refuges, located10 miles northeast and 10 miles southwest of Freeport,respectively.

This list, containing 273 species, is in accordance with the6th edition (1983) A.O.U. check-list. Vast cordgrass mar-shes provide excellent nesting cover for mottled ducksand mud flats exposed around lake edges during low tidescreate ideal conditions for shorebirds, gulls, and terns.Herons, egrets, and ibises are common sights in andaround the many ponds in the lower marsh areas.Warblers, sparrows, and other passerine species are foundin the upland wooded areas.

Birding on the refuge is most interesting during the fal land winter months when birds from the northern stateshave arrived here to spend the winter. Large concentra-tions of geese can be seen feeding and loafing in lowmarsh areas.

Symbols of the seasons and abundance status of eachspecies are coded as follows:

S-Spring: March-MayS-Summer: June-August

F-Fall: September-NovemberW-Winter: December-February

A-Abundant Common species, very numerous

C-Common Certain to be seen in suitable habitat

U-Uncomrnon Present, but not certain to be seen

O-Occasional Seen only a few times during a season

R-Rare Seen at intervals of 2 to 5 years

Threatened or endangered species

*-Nests locally

LOONSCommon Loon

GREBES"Pied-billed GrebeHorned Grebe[ ared Grebe

PELICANSAmerican White PelicanBrown IVhcan

CORMORANTSDouble-crested Cormorant

_. Olivae eous CormorantDARTERS

AnhingaFRICATEBIRDS_ MagnitK ent f n^atebirdBITTERNS AND HERONS

American Bittern" least bittern"Great blue Heron'Great Lgret"Snowy Lgret" l i t t le blue Heron" Tncolored Heron" Reddish tgret" C a t t l e [ gret"Green-backed Heron" black-crowned Night-HeronYellow-crowned Nig hi Heron

IBISES AND SPOONBILLS"White IbisWhite- laced Ibis"Roseate Spoonbill

STORKSWood Stork

SWANS, GEESE, AND DUCKSI ulvous Whistling-DuckIllack bellied Whistling-DuckGreater White-lronted Goose

- .. _ Snow GooseRoss' GooseCanada GooseWood DuckGreen-winged lealAmerican bla< k Duck"Mottled DuckMallardNorthern Pintail"Blue-winged Tea lCinnamon TealNorthern ShovelerGaclwallAmerican WigeonCanvasbackRedheadRing-necked Duck

. Greater ScaupLesser ScaupWhite-winged ScoterCommon GoldeneyeButtleheadHooded MerganserRed-breasted MerganserRuddy Duck

AMERICAN VULTURES"black Vulture

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_ Turkey VultureKITES, EAGLES AND HAWKS

Osprey . . .American Swallow-tailed Kite* Black-shouldered Kite . . . .Mississippi KiteBald Eagle'Northern HarrierSharp-shinned HawkCooper's HawkRed-shouldered HawkBroad-winged HawkSwainson's Hawk'White-tailed HawkRed-tailed HawkRough-legged Hawk

CARACARAS AND FALCONS'Crested CaracaraAmerican KestrelMerlinPeregrine Falcon

QUAIL ~'Northern Bobwhite

RAILS, CALLINULES AND COOTSYellow Rail"Black Kail'Clapper Rail'King RailVirginia RailSora' Purple Callinule'Common Moorhen

__^_ 'American CootCRANES

Sandhill Crane . .Whooping Crane .

PLOVERSBlack-bellied PloverLesser Golden-PloverSnowy Plover.'Wilson's Plover . . . . .Semipalmated PloverPiping Plover'KilldeerMountain Plover

STILTS AND AVOCETS" Black-necked StiltAmerican Avocet

SANDPIPERS AND PHALAROPESGreater Yellowlegs . . . .Lesser YellowlegsSolitary Sandpiper . . .'Willct'Spotted SandpiperUpland SandpiperWhimbrelLong-billed CurlewMarbled CodwitRuddy TurnstoneRed KnotSanderlingSemipalmated SandpiperWestern SandpiperLeast Sandpiper .White-furnped Sandpiper . .

_ Uaird's Sandpiper . . .

Pectoral SandpiperDunlinStilt SandpiperBuff-breasted SandpiperShort-billed DowitcherLong-billed DowitcherCommon SnipeWilson's Phalarope

GULLS, TERNS AND SKIMMERS'Laughing GullFranklin's CullBonaparte's GullRing-billed GullHerring Gull'Gull-billed TernCaspian Tern* Royal Tern'Sandwich TernCommon Tern . . .'horster's Tern . . . .' Least TernBlack Tern'Black Skimmer

DOVESWhite-winged Dove . . .'Mourning DoveCommon Ground-Dove

CUCKOOS AND ANISBlack-billed Cuckoo'Yellow-billed CuckooGroove-billed Ani

BARN-OWLS_____ Common Barn-OwlTYPICAL OWLS

'Great Horned Owl . . . .Burrowing OwlBarred OwlShort-eared Owl

GOATSUCKERSLesser Nighthawk'Common NighthawkChuck-will's-widowWhip-poor-will

SWIFTS.Chimney Swift

HUMMINGBIRDSRuby-throated Hummingbird

KINGFISHERSBelted Kingfisher . . . . .

WOODPECKERSRed-headed Woodpecker .Red-bellied WoodpeckerYellow-bellied SapsuckerDowny WoodpeckerNorthern Flicker . .Pileated Woodpecker

TYRANT FLYCATCHERSOlive-sided Flycatcher .Eastern Wood-PeweeEmpidonax SpEastern PhoebeVermilion Flycatcher . . .Great Crested FlycatcherWestern Kingbird* Eastern Kingbird'Scissor-tatled Flycatcher

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LARKS* Horned Lark

SWALLOWS* Purple MartinTree SwallowNorthern Rough-winged SwallowBank SwallowCliff Swallow .Barn Swallow

JAYS AND CROWS'Blue Jay"American Crow

CHICKADEES AND TITMICE"Carolina Chickadee"Tufted Titmouse

CREEPERSBrown Creeper.

WRENS"Carolina Wren . . .House Wren"Marsh Wren

KINGLETS AND CNATCATCHERSGolden-crowned KingletRuby-crowned Kinglet . . . . . . . .Blue-gray Cnatcatcher

THRUSHES'Eastern Bluebird . .VeeryGray-cheeked ThrushSwamson's ThrushHermit Thrush"Wood ThrushAmerican Robin

MOCKINGBIRDS AND THRASHERSGray Catbird* Northern MockingbirdSage Thrasher .Brown Thrasher .

PIPITSWater PipitSprague's Pipit

WAXWINGS______ Cedar Waxwing .SHRIKES. . . . _ " Loggerhead ShrikeSTARLINGS

"European StarlingVIREOS

"White-eyed VireoSolitary VireoYellow-throated Vireo

_____ Warbling Vireo . . .Philadelphia Vireo* Red-eyed Vireo

WOOD-WARBLERSBlue-winged WarblerGolden-winged Warbler. . . .Tennessee WarblerOrange-crowned WarblerNashville Warbler . . . . . ."Northern ParulaYellow WarblerChestnut-sided Warbler . . . .Magnolia WarblerYellow-rumped Warbler. . . .Black-throated Green Warbler

_ Blackburnian Warbler_ Yellow-throated Warbler_ Palm Warbler_ Bay-breasted Warbler_Blackpoll Warbler . ._ Cerulean Warbler_ Black-and-white Warbler_ American Redstart ._ Prothonotary Warbler_ Worm-eating Warbler ._Ovenbird_ Northern Waterthrush . . ._ Louisiana Waterthrush_ Kentucky Warbler . ..Common Yellowthroat ._ Hooded Warbler.Wilson's Warbler.Canada Warbler.Yellow-breastedChat .

TANAGERSSummer TanagerScarlet Tananger

CARDINALS, GROSBEAKS, AND BUNTINGS"Northern CardinalRose-breasted GrosbeakBlue GrosbeakIndigo Bunting . . . . . ."Painted Bunting* Dickcissel

SPARROWSField SparrowVesper SparrowLark SparrowSavannah SparrowGrasshopper SparrowLeConte's Sparrow . .Sharp-tailed Sparrow"Seaside Sparrow . . .Fox SparrowSong Sparrow . .Lincoln's Sparrow . . .Swamp Sparrow . . .Whtte-throated SparrowDark-eyed Junco . . .

MEADOWLARKS, BLACKBIRDS, AND ORIOLESBobolink ."Red-winged Blackbird . . . ."Eastern MeadowlarkYellow-headed BlackbirdBrewer's Blackbird . . . . . . ."Great-tailed Crackle* Boat-tailed CrackleCommon Crackle* Brown-headed Cowbird"Orchard Oriole . . . .Northern Oriole .

FINCHESAmerican Goldfinch . . . .

OLD WORLD SPARROWS* House Sparrow . . . .

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AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OFBRAZORIA AND SAN BERNARDNATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGES

REPTILES; Reptiles are clad in scales, shields, or plates, and theirtoes bear claws. To this class belong the crocodilians,turtles, lizards, and snakes.

AMPHIBIANS: Amphibians have moist, glandular skins, and their toesare. devoid of claws. Their young pass through a larval,usually aquatic stage before they metamorphose intothe adult form. Belonging to the class Amphibia arethe salamanders, frogs, and toads.

* - documented on the refugeu - unlikely to occur in this area, but should be watched for

AMPHIBIANS

CAUDATA* Western Lesser SirenCentral Newt

* Small-mouthed Salamanderu Eastern Tiger Salamander

ANURAu Hurter's Spadefoot Toad* Eastern Narrow-mouth ToadGreat Plains Narrow-mouth ToadWoodhouse's Toad

u Houston Toad* Gulf Coast Toad* Green TreefrogNorthern Spring Peeper

* Squirrel. TreefrogGray Treefrog

u Strecker's Chorus Frog* Spotted Chorus FrogUpland Chorus FrogBlanchard's Cricket Frog

* Bullfrog* Southern Leopard FrogSouthern Crawfish FrogBronze Frog

Siren intermedia nettingiNotopthalmus viridescens louisianensisAmbystoma texanumAmbystoma tigrinum tigrinum

Scaphiopus holbrooki holbrookiGastrophryne carolinensisGastrophryne olivaceaBufo woodhousei woodhouseiBufo houstonensisBufo vallicepsHyla cinereaHyla crucifer cruciferHyla squirellaHyla chrysoscelis versicolorPseudacris streckeriPseudacris clarkiPseudacris triseriata feriarumAcris crepitans blanchardiRana catesbeianaRana sphenocephalaRana areolata areolataRana clamitans clamitans

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REPTILES

CROCODYLIA* American Alligator

TESTUDINES* Snapping Turtleu Alligator Snapping Turtle* Stinkpotu Razorback Musk TurtleYellow Mud Turtle

* Mississippi Mud Turtleu Mississippi Map Turtle* Texas Diamondback TerrapinTexas River Cooter

* Red Eared Slider* Three-toed Box Turtle* Ornate Box Turtle* Western Chicken Turtleu Texas Tortoiseu Midland Smooth SoftshellPallid Spiny SoftshellLoggerhead Sea TurtleAtlantic Green Sea TurtleLeatherbackAtlantic HawksbillAtlantic Ridley Sea Turtle

SQUAMATA, Suborder LACERTILIAMediterranean Gecko

* Green AnoleTexas Horned Lizard

u Texas Spiny Lizard* Northern Fence LizardSouthern Prairie Skink

* Five-lined Skinku Broad-headed Skink* Ground Skinku Spotted WhiptailSix-lined Racerunner

* Western Slender Glass Lizard

Alligator mississippiensis

Chelydra serpentina serpentinaMacroclemystemminckiiSternotherus odoratusSternotherus carinatusKinosternon flavescens flavescensKinosternon subrubrum hippocrepisGraptemys kohniMalaclemys terrapin littoralisChrysemys concinna texanaTrachemys scripta elegansTerrapena Carolina triunguisTerrapena ornata ornataDeirochelys reticularia miariaGopherus berlandieriTrionyx muticus muticusTrionyx spiniferus pallidusCaretta carettaChelonia mydas mydasDermochelys coriaceaEretmochelys imbricata imbricataLepidochelys kempi

Hemidactylus turcicusAnolis carolinensis carolinensisPhrynosoma cornutumSceloporus olivaceusSceloporus undulatus hyacinthinusEumeces septentrionalis oitusirastrusEumeces fasciatusEumeces laticepsScincella lateralisCnemidophorus gularis gularisCnemidophorus sexlineatus sexlineatusOphisaurus attenuatus attenuatus

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SQUAMATA, Suborder SERPSNTES* Broad banded Water Snake* Gulf Salt Marsh Snake* Blotched Water Snake* Diamondback Water Snake

Green Water Snake* Graham's Crayfish Snakeu Gulf Crayfish Snakeu Checkered Garter Snake* Eastern Garter Snake* Gulf Coast Ribbon SnakePlains Blind Snake

* Rough Earth Snake* Marsh Brown SnakeDusty Hognose SnakeEastern Hognose Snake

u Texas Night SnakeMississippi Ringneck Snake

u Western Smooth Green Snake* Rough Green Snake* Western Mud Snake* Eastern Yellow-bellied RacerWestern Coachwhip

u Texas Glossy Snakeu Texas Scarlet Snake* Texas Rat Snakeu Great Plains Rat Snake

Louisiana Milk Snake* Prairie Kingsnake* Speckled KingsnakeFlat-headed Snake

* Texas Coral Snake* Western Cottonmouth* Eastern Cottonmouth* Southern Copperheadu Western MassasaugaWestern Pygmy RattlesnakeCanebrake Rattlesnake

* Western Diamondback Rattlesnake

Nerodia fasciata confluensNerodia fasciata clarkiNerodia erythrogaster transversaNerodia rhombifera rhombiferaNerodia cyclopian cyclopianRegina grahamiRegina rigidasinicolaThamnophis marcianus marcianusThamnophis sirtalis sirtalisThamnophis proximus orariusLeptotyphlops dulcis dulcisVirginia striatulaStoreria dekayi limnetesHeterodon nasicus gloydiHeterodon platyrhinos platyrhinosHypsiglena torguatajaniDiadophis punctatus stictogenyx

Opheodrys vernalis blanchardiOpheodrys aestivusFarancia abacura reinwardtiColuber constrictor flaviventrisMasticophis flagellum testaceusArizona elegans arenicolaCemophora coccinea lineriElaphe obsoleta lindheimeriElaphe guttata emoryiLampropeltis triangulum amauraLampropeltis calligaster calligasterLampropeltis getulus holbrookiTantilla gracilisMicrurus fulvius tenereAgkistrodon piscivorous leucostoma

Agkistrodon piscivorous piscivorousAgkistrodon contortrix contortrixSistrurus catenatus tergeminusSistrurus miliarius streckeriCrotalus horridus atricandatusCrotalus atrox

95