Appendix 11.5: WSP Ltd, November 2014. Heritage Statement - … · 2017-02-13 · Heritage...

Appendix 11.5: WSP Ltd, November 2014. Heritage Statement - A45 Daventry Development Link Road

HERITAGE STATEMENT A45 Daventry Development Link Road Northamptonshire County Council 20/11/2014

Project number: 70007736 Dated: 20/11/2014 2

Quality Management

Issue/revision Issue 1 Revision 1 Revision 2 Revision 3

Remarks Issued for comment

Date 20.11.2014

Prepared by Kyle Welburn

Signature

Checked by Jim Hunter

Signature PP. Kyle Welburn

Authorised by Jim Hunter

Signature PP. Kyle Welburn

Project number 70007736

Report number 1

File reference

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Heritage Statement A45 Daventry Development Link Road

20/11/2014

Client Northamptonshire County Council

Consultant WSP UK Ltd Three White Rose Office Park Milshaw Park Lane Leeds LS11 0DL UK Tel: +44 (0)11 3395 6200 Fax: +44 113 395 6201 www.wspgroup.co.uk

Registered Address WSP UK Limited 01383511 WSP House, 70 Chancery Lane, London, WC2A 1AF

WSP Contacts [email protected]


Table of Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................ 5

2 Legislation, Policy and Guidance ........................................... 6

3 Methodology .......................................................................... 8

4 The Site and Surrounding Area ........................................... 12

5 The Proposed Scheme ........................................................ 14

6 Assessment ......................................................................... 15

7 Summary ............................................................................. 58

References ...................................................................................... 60

Figures ............................................................................................ 61

Appendices ...................................................................................... 62

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1 Introduction 1.1.1 WSP UK Ltd (WSP) were commissioned in August 2013 by Northamptonshire County Council (NCC)

to prepare a Heritage Statement to support a forthcoming detailed application for the A45 Daventry Development Link Road (‘The Proposed Scheme’). The Proposed Scheme will extend between Junction 16 of the M1 Motorway and connect to the existing A45 west of Weedon village (‘the Site’) in Northamptonshire. The Site location is shown in Figure 1.

1.1.2 This Heritage Statement has been prepared as the Proposed Scheme has the potential to affect the fabric and setting of a number of designated and non-designated heritage assets which are protected by legislation as well as national and local planning policy.

1.1.3 This Heritage Statement provides an overview of the Site and its context and an assessment of the effects associated with the Proposed Scheme on designated and non-designated heritage assets.

1.1.4 The structure of this Heritage Statement is as follows:

Section 2 outlines the relevant legislation, planning policy and guidance relevant to this Statement;

Section 3 provides an outline of the methodology utilised during the preparation of this Statement;

Section 4 provides an outline of the baseline conditions, including the site context and designations;

Section 5 provides a description of the Proposed Scheme which forms the basis for the assessment of effects;

Section 6 sets out a description of the significance of the assets that will be affected by the Proposed Scheme and their settings; the potential effects upon that significance are then assessed in detail; and

Section 7 provides a summary of the findings of the above.


2 Legislation, Policy and Guidance

2.1 Legislation 2.1.1 Legislation relevant to this Statement is set out in Table 1 below. Table 1: Summary of Relevant Legislation

Legislation Relevant Provisions

Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act (AMAAA) 1979 (Ref. 1)

The AMAAA largely relates to Scheduled Monuments and Section 61(12) defines sites that warrant protection due to their being of national importance as 'ancient monuments'. These can be either Scheduled Monuments or "any other monument which in the opinion of the Secretary of State is of public interest by reason of the historic, architectural, traditional, artistic or archaeological interest attaching to it". A monument is defined by the Act as “any building, structure or work above or below the surface of the land, any cave or excavation; any site comprising the remains of any such building, structure or work or any cave or excavation; and any site comprising or comprising the remains of any vehicle, vessel or aircraft or other movable structure or part thereof... (Section 61 (7))”. The Act also makes deliberate damage to a monument a criminal offence and any works taking place within a Scheduled Monument requires Scheduled Monument Consent from the Secretary of State.

Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (P(LBCA)) Act 1990 (Ref. 2)

Any decisions relating to Listed Buildings and their settings and conservation areas must address the statutory considerations of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. The key elements of this Act relevant to this assessment are outlined below:

Section 66 places a responsibility upon the decision maker in determining applications for planning permission for Scheme that affects a listed building or its setting to have special regard to the desirability of preserving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses; and

Section 72 of the Act places a duty upon the decision maker in determining applications for planning permission within conservation areas to pay special attention to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of that area.

Hedgerow Regulations 1997 (Ref. 3)

The Hedgerow Regulations provide the reasoning and criteria by which hedgerows and field boundaries would be considered to be important including in archaeological and historical terms, including those boundaries that pre-date the main Inclosure Acts (late 18th - mid 19th centuries); boundaries that follow parish or township boundaries and those that form part of an identified archaeological site or monument.

2.2 Planning Policy 2.2.1 Planning policy relevant to this Statement is set out in Table 2 below.

Table 2: Summary of Relevant Planning Policy

Planning Policy Relevant Provisions

Department for Communities and Local Government National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) (2012) (Ref. 4)

Section 12 of the NPPF outlines government policy on the treatment of ‘heritage assets’ including Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings, Conservation Areas, World Heritage Sites, Historic Parks and Gardens and Historic Battlefields, but also non-designated sites, including buried or suspected buried remains within the local plan and development control process. The NPPF goes on to state that ’in determining applications, local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets important and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance’.

West Northamptonshire Joint Planning Unit Draft West Northamptonshire Core Strategy (2013) (Ref. 5)

Policy BN5 Historic Environment seeks to conserve and enhance designated and non-designated assets and their setting and landscapes in recognition of the individual and cumulative significance and contribution to local distinctiveness and sense of place.

Daventry District Council (DDC) Local Plan (2002) (Ref.6)

Policy GN1 states that Scheme will safeguard the natural resources of the district and protect and enhance the environment; and

Policy EN2 Conservation Area states that planning permission for Scheme within Conservation

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Planning Policy Relevant Provisions

Areas will be granted provided that the Scheme preserves or enhances the character of the Area.

South Northamptonshire Council (SNC) Local Plan (1997) (Ref. 7)

Policy ENV12 seeks to preserve and enhance the setting of Listed buildings by controlling the design of new Scheme in their vicinity, the use of adjoining land and, where appropriate, by the preservation of trees and landscape features; and

Policy ENV28 states that planning permission will not be granted for Scheme which would have a seriously adverse effect on the character or setting of an historic parkland, garden or battlefield.

2.3 Guidance 2.3.1 The following guidance documents have been used during the preparation of this Statement. Table 3: Summary of Guidance

Guidance Relevant Provisions

Department for Communities and Local Government Planning Policy Guidance (2014) (Ref. 8)

The Planning Practice Guidance (PPG), published on 6th March 2014, states that "protecting and enhancing the historic environment is an important component of the NPPF's drive to achieve sustainable development". The PPG also states "Part of the public value of heritage assets is the contribution that they can make to understanding and interpreting our past. So where the complete or partial loss of a heritage is justified, the aim then is to capture and record the evidence of the asset's significance which is to be lost, interpret its contribution to the understanding of our past, and make that publically available". The setting of heritage assets is also explained within the PPG as 'the surroundings in which an asset is experienced and may therefore be more extensive than its curtilage'.

Institute for Archaeologists Standards and Guidance for Undertaking Historic Environment Desk Based Assessments (2012) (Ref.9)

This guidance states that the aim of desk-based assessment will determine, as far as is reasonably possible from existing records, the nature, extent and significance of the historic environment within a specified area. In a Scheme context desk-based assessment will establish the effect of the proposed Scheme on the significance of the historic environment (or will identify the need for further evaluation to do so), and will enable reasoned proposals and decisions to be made whether to mitigate, offset or accept without further intervention that effect.

English Heritage Setting of Heritage Assets (2011) (Ref. 10)

This guidance establishes the view that ’The significance of a heritage asset derives not only from its physical presence and historic fabric but also from its setting-the surroundings in which it is experienced’. The document sets out guidance on managing change within the settings of heritage assets including archaeological remains and historic buildings, sites, areas and landscapes intended to assist implementation of Planning Policy.

English Heritage Seeing History in the View (2011) (Ref. 11)

This guidance outlines a method for understanding and assessing heritage significance within views. It is intended that this method can be applied to any view that is significance in terms of its heritage value. This guidance also explains how the heritage significance of views can be assessed in a systematic and consistent way, however these views have come into being.

English Heritage Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance for the Sustainable Management of the Historic Environment (2008) (Ref. 12)

This guidance document sets out a method for thinking systematically and consistently about the heritage values that can be ascribed to a place. As people value historic places in many different ways, the document defines four different categories:

Evidential: the potential of a place to yield evidence about past human activity. Historical: the ways in which past people, events and aspects of life can be connected through a

place to the present - it tends to be illustrative or associative. Aesthetic: the ways in which people draw sensory and intellectual stimulation from a place; and Communal: the meanings of a place for the people who relate to it, or for whom it figures in their

collective experience or memory.

Department for Communities and Local Government PPS5: Planning for the History Environment: History Environment Planning Practice Guide (Ref. 13)

The Practice Guide to PPS5 remains in force as guidance to support the NPPF policies on the Historic Environment. The guide explains how these policies can be implemented and interpreted in the planning process. As a guide to interpreting how policy should be applied, the practice guidance is also material to individual planning and heritage consent decisions.

Highways Agency Design Manual for Roads and Bridges (DMRB) Volume 11 Section 2 Part 3 ‘Cultural Heritage’ HA208/07 (2007) (Ref. 14)

The DMRB outlines the process for the assessment of effects on archaeological remains, historic buildings and historic landscapes arising from Schemes.


3 Methodology

3.1 Study Areas 3.1.1 This Statement has used the following Study Areas:

5 kilometres (km) for World Heritage Sites; and

2km for Scheduled Monuments, Registered Historic Parks and Gardens, Registered Battlefields, Conservation Areas; and

1km for Listed Buildings.

3.1.2 The Study Areas for features that are statutorily or non-statutorily protected (including World Heritage Sites, Scheduled Monuments, Registered Parks and Gardens, Registered Battlefields, Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) are considered suitable and will identify wider setting issues, especially in terms of upstanding features or structures.

3.2 Collection of Baseline Data

Desk-Based Study 3.2.1 This Heritage Statement makes use of baseline data from the Archaeological Desk Based

Assessment (Ref. 15) and archaeological fieldwork report (Ref. 16) supplemented with searches of the English Heritage National Heritage List for England (Ref. 17), Northamptonshire Historic Environment Record (NHER), Victoria County History of Northamptonshire and Archaeology Data Services.

Site Walkovers 3.2.2 Two site walkovers have been undertaken on the 6th March and 22nd May 2014 in order to identify

the heritage assets that may be affected by the Proposed Scheme. Observations were made noting the existing land use at the Site, the location of heritage assets and views of designated and non-designated heritage assets from the Site.

3.3 Identification and Assessment of Effects

Initial Scoping Exercise 3.3.1 An initial scoping exercise has been undertaken to identify the designated heritage assets which may

be affected by the Proposed Scheme. The assets were initially identified through a desk-study and review of map resources. The assets were then visited during the site walkovers to confirm whether there was intervisiblity/architectural or historic links between the Site and the assets.

3.3.2 This exercise has shown for the majority of designated assets, the effects associated with the Proposed Scheme would be insignificant. Further details are provided in Appendix B and summarised in Section 6.1. The non-designated heritage assets to be considered in detail within the

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assessment were identified through the desks-study as part of the Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment (Ref. 15) and archaeological fieldwork (Ref. 16).

Identification of Heritage Values 3.3.3 In accordance with best practice guidance (Ref. 12), this assessment identifies the heritage values of

each of the heritage assets taken forward for further assessment. As outlined in Table 3, these include:

Historical;

Evidential;

Aesthetic; and

Communal.

3.3.4 These values are identified in order to fully understand ascertain the significance of the heritage assets and do not contribute to the consideration of value of the heritage asset or the magnitude of change from baseline condition.

Assessment Methodology

Changes to the Fabric of Designated and Non-Designated Heritage Assets 3.3.5 The assessment of physical effects arising from the Proposed Scheme on the fabric of designated

and non-designated heritage assets is based upon the evaluation of the relevant elements of the Proposed Scheme (as outlined in Section 5) against the value of the known designated and non-designated heritage assets. As there is no published guidance for the assessment of effects in relation to changes in fabric, the assessment of effects has been structured as follows:

Identify the heritage asset(s);

Effects of the Proposed Scheme; and

Mitigation measures.

Changes in the Setting of Designated and Non-Designated Heritage Assets 3.3.6 The evaluation of effects related to a change in the setting of designated and non-designated

heritage due to the implementation of the Proposed Scheme in line with Section 5 - The Proposed Scheme has considered the following factors in accordance with English Heritage's Setting of Heritage Assets (Ref. 10):

The scale of change with respect to the loss or addition of features in the view and changes in composition, including the proportion of the view to be occupied by the Proposed Development;

The degree of contrast or integration of any new features or changes in the landscape with the existing elements and characteristics in terms of form, scale, mass, line, height, colour and texture;

The duration and nature of the effect;

The angle of view in relation to the heritage asset;

The distance of the viewpoint from the Proposed Scheme; and

The extent of the area which the changes would be visible.


3.3.7 In accordance with the proposed stages for the assessment of effects in relation to changes in setting , the assessment has been structured as follows;

Stage 1 - Identify the heritage asset(s):

Stage 2 - Assessment of the setting of the heritage asset(s):

Stage 3 - Effects of the Proposed Scheme;

Stage 4 - Measures to minimise or mitigate harm.

Assessment Criteria 3.3.8 In assessing the scale of potential effects or the degree to which harm can be identified, effects

arising from the Proposed Scheme can be direct or indirect. In terms of identified heritage assets a direct effect is taken to imply the permanent or substantial alteration or loss of designated or non-designated assets and effects relating to changes in the setting of an asset. Indirect effects are considered to be those which arise through a ‘complex route’, such as a proposal that leads to an increase in traffic which increases visual and acoustic intrusion into the setting of an asset which in turn affects the viability of its continuing use.

3.3.1 In evaluating effects, criteria derived from the DMRB Volume 11 Section 3 Part 2 (Ref. 14) have been used to identify the value of assets, and these are reproduced in Table 4 below. Distinctions drawn between Grade I and II* assets and Grade II assets as outlined in the NPPF (Ref. 4) and PPG (Ref. 8). The relevant Regional Framework used to ascertain the value of heritage assets within this Chapter is the ‘Archaeology of the East Midlands: An Archaeological Resource Assessment and Research Agenda’ (Ref. 18).

Table 4: Criteria Used to Determine Value of Heritage Assets

Value Criteria

Very High World Heritage Sites and their setting Assets of acknowledged international value Assets that can contribute to significantly to acknowledged international research objectives

High Scheduled Monument’s and their setting Grade I and Grade II* Listed Buildings and Registered Historic Parks and Gardens and their setting Conservation Areas containing very important buildings Non-designated assets of schedulable quality and value Heritage assets that can contribute significantly to acknowledged national research objectives

Medium Grade II Listed Buildings and Registered Historic Parks and Gardens and their setting Registered Battlefields and their setting Conservation Areas containing buildings that contribute significantly to its historic character and their setting Heritage assets that contribute to regional research objectives

Low Locally Listed structures and their setting Heritage assets of limited value, but with potential to contribute to local research objectives

Negligible Non-designated assets (including sites and features) with no significant value Buildings of an intrusive character

Unknown The value of the resource has not been ascertained

Source: adapted from DMRB (Ref. 14)

3.3.2 The criteria used to ascertain the magnitude of change in this Chapter are outlined in Table 5. This has been informed by the criteria set out in the DMRB (Ref. 14).

Table 5: Criteria Used to Determine the Magnitude of Change from Baseline Conditions

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Magnitude of Change Criteria

High Change to most or all of the key elements of the asset so that it is totally altered or comprehensive changes to key aspects of setting of the asset that affect the significance or character of the asset.

Medium Changes to many key elements of the asset so that it is clearly modified or considerable changes to key aspects of the setting of the asset that affect the significance or character of the asset.

Low Changes to key elements such that the asset is slightly altered or slight changes to key aspects of the setting of the asset that affect the significance or character of the asset.

Negligible Very minor/barely noticeable changes to key elements or setting

No Change No change to elements or setting

Source: adapted from DMRB (Ref. 14)

3.3.3 The assessment of potential effects resulting from the Proposed Development has taken into account the site preparation, earthworks and construction and operational phases. The significance level attributed to each effect has been assessed based on the magnitude of change due to the implementation of the Proposed Scheme and the value of the affected receptor.

3.3.4 Magnitude of change is assessed on a scale of high, medium, low, negligible and no change. The value of the affected receptor / receiving environment are assessed on a scale of very high, high, medium, low and negligible.

3.3.5 The combined value and magnitude used to determine significance is summarised within Table 6 below.

Table 6: Significance of Effect Matrix (Combined Effect of Value and Magnitude of Change)

Magnitude

Value

Very high High Medium Low Negligible

High Major Major Moderate Moderate Minor

Medium Major Moderate Moderate Minor Negligible

Low Moderate Minor Minor Negligible Negligible

Negligible Minor Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible

3.3.6 Table 6 has been used to calculate the significance of the effects identified. However, it is not prescriptive and professional judgement has been applied, where appropriate.

3.4 Limitations 3.4.1 Data from the NHER consists of secondary information derived from varied sources. It is assumed

that this data, as well as that derived from other secondary sources, is reasonably accurate. A site walkover is limited as the findings can be influenced by ground and weather conditions as well as the state of vegetation. The majority of the Site was not accessible during the Site survey visit as it lies within private ownership. As such, the assessment has also been based upon a desk-based review of available resources and views from publicly accessible land.


4 The Site and Surrounding Area 4.1.1 The Site is located on predominantly greenfield land to the north of the villages of Weedon Bec and

Flore in Northamptonshire. The M1 motorway runs along the northeast boundary of the Site for approximately 3.5km, before the Site bends to the southwest towards Weedon Bec. The A5 and A45 bisect the Site north and northwest of Weedon Bec respectively. The A45 is located to the south of the site and intersects with the east and west termini of the link road. Both the Grand Union Canal and the West Coast Mainline also pass through the Site north of Weedon Bec. The location of the Site is illustrated in Figure 1.

4.1.2 The Site is located at a level of around 115 metres (m) Above Ordnance Datum (AOD)at the western extent of the proposed route on the A45, falling quite steeply to the east as it crosses the Grand Union Canal where it reaches a level of around 80m AOD. The land then rises as the route runs north-eastwards out of the canal valley towards the M1 motorway to a height of around 105m AOD. The route then follows the M1 motorway south, gently falling to a level of around 80m AOD where it connects into the A45 / A4500 roundabout over the M1.

4.2 Summary of Designated Heritage Assets 4.2.1 There are no World Heritage Sites or Registered Battlefields within the Site or relevant Study Areas.

4.2.2 There are no Scheduled Monuments within the Site or within the wider 2km Study Area. However, there are potential views of construction plant and equipment from Borough Hill Scheduled Monument, situated 3km to the north-west of the Site boundary.

4.2.3 There are no Registered Historic Parks and Gardens within or immediately adjacent to the Site, however there is one within 2km of the Site: Brockhall Park Grade II Registered Historic Park and Garden, which is situated 740m to the north of the Site.

4.2.4 There is one Conservation Area which is situated within the Site; the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area, which follows the route of the Grand Union Canal and traverses the western part of the Site. There are another five Conservation Areas situated within a 2km radius of the Site..

4.2.5 There are no Listed Buildings situated within or immediately adjacent to the Site. However, there is one Grade I Listed Building within the 1km Study Area, the Church of St. Mary the Virgin in Dodford situated approximately 915m west of the Site boundary. There are also 27 Grade II* Listed Buildings located within 1km of the Site, comprising of Church of St. Peter and St. Paul in Nether Heyford, situated c 700m from the Site Boundary and the Grade II* Listed Buildings associated with the Former Weedon Barracks, the closest of which is situated 500m to the south of the Site boundary. In addition, there are 59 Grade II Listed Buildings within 1km of the Site, the closest of which is Hill Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building, which lies approximately 70m to the south of the Site boundary in the village of Upper Heyford.

4.3 Summary of Non-Designated Heritage Assets 4.3.1 The Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment (Ref. 15) and archaeological fieldwork report (Ref. 16)

have recorded a number of non-designated heritage assets which require further assessment. These include the following:

Brockhall Parkland;

Late Medieval/Post-Medieval lane between Dodford and Flore;

Neolithic long barrows;

Iron Age enclosure;

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Remains of the Roman settlement to the north of Upper Heyford;

Medieval/Post-Medieval ridge and furrow;

Historic field divisions;

Grange Farm; and

Flore Park.


5 The Proposed Scheme 5.1.1 The Proposed Scheme comprises of a link road which commences at a new roundabout on the A45

off junction 16 of the M1 and runs parallel to the M1 for approximately 3km in a northwest direction to the north of the villages of Upper Heyford and Flore. The proposed route then heads in a southwest direction joining the A5 at a new roundabout to the north of Weedon before crossing the Grand Union Canal and the West Coast Mainline railway line and re-joining with the A45 at a new roundabout to the west of Weedon. The total length of the proposed road scheme is approximately 6km.

5.1.2 The Proposed Scheme will include the construction of eight structuresas follows:

Combined Canal and Rail Bridge - carrying the Link Road over the West Coast Main Line railway and Grand Union Canal;

Whilton Brook Bridge - carrying the Link Road over the River Nene;

Green Bridge - carrying a public right of way and ecological corridor ('green bridge') over the Link Road;

Brockhall Road Bridge - carrying a minor road over the Link Road;

Brington Road Bridge - carrying a minor road over the Link Road;

Hollandstone Farm Culvert - carrying the Link Road over a watercourse and footpath;

Hollandstone Farm Crossing - a farm accommodation bridge to the south of link road; and

Upper Heyford Farm Bridge - carrying a vehicular accommodation bridge over the Link Road.

5.1.3 In addition, there are three proposed roundabout junctions associated with the Proposed Scheme, one at each end of the link road connecting the Proposed Scheme into the existing A45 to the east of Upper Heyford and to the west of Weedon, and a further roundabout at the crossing of the Proposed Scheme with the A5 trunk road north of Weedon.

5.1.4 Eight signs are included in the proposals which comprise advanced direction signs which will be located on the approaches to the proposed roundabouts. Smaller local directions signs will be provided on the approaches to the existing A45 travelling west out of Weedon and east from Flore. The maximum height of the signs will be 6m above existing ground level.

5.1.5 It has been assumed that earthworks will take place across the entire Site. It is envisaged that the road will be in cutting through most of the central and eastern section and on embankments at the western section of the scheme. It is assumed that there will be approximately 3,300m of cuttings and approximately 3,200m of embankments across the Site.

5.1.6 It is proposed that the carriageway will be flanked by an amenity grass verge to provide a neat edge and area of transition between the hard-surfaced carriageway and adjacent planting. The grass verge gives way to a mixture of habitats including wildflower grassland (meadow, damp areas and shaded areas), native woodland, and shrub planting and scattered trees set within grassland. Damp grassland mixes are included within the attenuation ponds, with damp grassland mixes located on north-facing slopes or under trees. In most instances receptors are to the south and as such low density woodland and native woodland planting is proposed along the southern edges of the carriageway, especially in and around the M1 corridor. There are areas of tree and shrub planting around Brockhall Road Bridge as well as more dense sections of woodland planting to enhance screening. Around each of the new roundabouts there are more extensive planting of woodland areas, both native and low density woodland as well as the inclusion of scattered individual trees and larger specimen trees within the centres of the roundabouts.

5.1.7 The Proposed Scheme is illustrated in a series of plans (Figure 1 – Figure 40.9) appended to this report.

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6 Assessment

6.1 Overview 6.1.1 This section presents an assessment of effects arising from the Proposed Scheme on designated

and non-designated heritage assets within the Site and the Study Areas outlined above.

6.1.2 As outlined in Section 3, an initial scoping exercise has been undertaken. This has established that a large number of the assets within the Study Area are not anticipated to be affected by the Proposed Scheme. Therefore, these assets have been ‘scoped out’ of further detailed assessment. Further details are provided in Appendix B.

6.1.3 A summary of the designated and non-designated heritage assets that are taken forward into the assessment are those listed in Table 7 below. The location of these assets is illustrated on Figure 31 and Figure 32. A detailed assessment is presented in the following sections.

Table 7: Summary of Designated and Non-Designated Heritage Assets Taken Forward for Assessment

Heritage Asset Changes in fabric Change in setting

Borough Hill Scheduled Monument

Brockhall Grade II Registered Historic Park and Garden

Grand Union Canal Conservation Area

Brockhall Conservation Area

Church of St. Mary Grade I Listed Building and associated Grade II Listed Buildings (Church of St. Mary the Virgin, Row of 4 Headstones approximately 3 Metres South West of Porch, Church of St. Mary the Virgin, Headstone approximately 4 Metres South East of Porch and Church of St Mary the Virgin, Headstone approximately 4 metres South of Porch) and Manor Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building

Grade II* Listed Buildings associated with the Former Weedon Barracks (West Magazine of Series of Four Magazine in Magazine Enclosure Grade II* Listed Building, Inner East of Series of Four Magazines in Magazine Enclosure Grade II* Listed Building; Inner West of Series of 4 Blas Houses in Magazine Enclosure Grade II* Listed Building; West Lodge Grade II* Listed Building; Large Magazine to west of the series of four Magazines in Magazine Enclosure Grade II* Listed Building; East Magazine of Series of Four Magazines in Magazine Enclosure Grade II* Listed Building; outer wall, south east and south west bastions and gate pieces to south east Grade II* Listed Building; east of blast house of series of four in Magazine Enclosure Grade II* Listed Building )

Grade II Listed Buildings in Dodford Village (Porch House Grade II Listed Building, The Old School House Grade II Listed Buildings and Dodford House Grade II Listed Building)

Dodmoor Farmhouse and attached Stables and barn Grade II Listed Building

Hill Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building

The Grange Grade II Listed Building

Grade II Listed Buildings within Flore (40 High Street Grade II Listed Building, 44 High Street Grade II Listed Building, 46A High Street Grade II Listed Building, Yew Tree Cottage Grade II Listed Building, War Memorial Grade II Listed Building, Fairview House Grade II Listed Building, Blenheim Cottage Grade II Listed Building, Orchard House Grade II Listed Building, 72 High Street Grade II Listed Building, The Old House Grade II Listed Building and Flore Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building )

Brockhall Parkland (non-designated)

Flore Park


Heritage Asset Changes in fabric Change in setting

Late Medieval/Post-Medieval Lane between Dodford and Flore

Neolithic long barrows

Iron Age enclosure

Remains of the Roman settlement

Medieval/Post-Medieval ridge and furrow

Historic field divisions

Grange Farm (non-designated)

6.2 Changes to the Fabric of Designated and Non-Designated Heritage Assets


Description of Heritage Asset 6.2.1 The construction of the Grand Junction Canal (as it was known until 1929) started in 1793

immediately after the completion of the Oxford Canal, to provide a more convenient route between London and the Midlands compared with the Oxford Canal. The whole canal route was completed in 1840. The success of the Canal was boosted by the establishment of ironworks, quarries, brickworks, limestone quarries and other industries along its route. However, these industries have now largely disappeared and the canal corridor is now predominately used for recreational activities.

6.2.2 The Grand Union Canal Conservation Area extends for 32 miles of the canal corridor through Daventry District and primarily includes the engineered channel and associated infrastructure of the canal (including all of the bridges crossing the canal and their associated ramps). Within the Site, the designated area closely follows the alignment of the canal. However to the north of the Site, there is a small area of woodland included, to the east of Dodmoor Farm and to the south, the designated area includes a small group of industrial/commercial buildings to the west of the existing canal at Dodford Wharf Farm.

6.2.3 DDC have prepared an Appraisal of the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area (Ref. 19), which states “the predominant character of the Conservation Area itself is simply that of a linear canal with its towpath to one side and occasional buildings that related to the canal such as cottages, pubs, bridges, locks and service areas such as wharves and marinas”.

6.2.4 For the section of the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area to the south of the Site, the Appraisal (Ref. 19) states that:

‘The link to the depot is visible near the boat yard and as the canal passes out of the village, it is hemmed in by the railway to the west and buildings on the east’.

6.2.5 From the A45 bridge in Weedon, the Canal is enclosed by high banks covered in mature vegetation on both sides. Whilst these trees screen views beyond the immediate area of the canal, a modern dwelling is also visible on the western side of the canal and there are partial/obstructed views of the canal side buildings/boat yard associated with Dodford Wharf Farm to the north (Photograph 1, Appendix C).

6.2.6 Further north, the level of vegetation reduces, affording a more open setting to the canal. The canal side buildings associated with Dodford Wharf Farm has some prominence within the views to the

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north, although these are partially screened by the trees along the western side of the canal (Photograph 2, Appendix C). This building is a key feature of the canal as it is an example of the 19th century rural economy that once prevailed in this area and has been indicated on historic Ordnance Survey mapping since 1884.

6.2.7 The Appraisal (Ref. 19) states the following regarding the stretch of the canal within the Site and in the immediate vicinity:

‘Once out of Weedon the canal is closely confined by the A5 to the east and the railway to the west. This is indicative of the entire stretch of the canal through the Watford Gap which is a prime transport corridor. The presence of the A5 and the mainline are visually and aurally very intrusive and dominate the general feel of the area’.

6.2.8 Where the canal lies adjacent to Weedon Motors Co, there are views out of the canal corridor to the east due to the low level of screening along the eastern bank of the canal and along the A5. From this section of the canal, expansive views of the agricultural landscape to the east are visible as well as the isolated farmsteads of Flore Hill Farm and Hadland Farm House. These views provide a glimpse into the 19th agrarian economy that once dominated this area and provide a rural backdrop to the meandering canal. However, the existing levels of vehicular traffic associated with the A5 and the West Coast Mainline already cause visual and acoustic intrusion to the setting of this section of the designated area.

6.2.9 Further to the north, the canal is enclosed by mature vegetation along its eastern bank, obscuring views to the east. Due to the limited vegetation on the western bank of the canal there are views of the open land and the infrastructure associated with the West Coast Mainline Railway (Photograph 4, Photograph 5 and Photograph 6, Appendix C).

6.2.10 To the north of where the designated area falls within the Site boundary, there are intermittent areas of dense vegetation on both sides of the canal, which potentially obscure views from the canal corridor to the west and east (Photograph 7 and Photograph 8, Appendix C). However, along sections where there is limited vegetation, there are extensive views to the east and west. To the west, Flore Hill Farm and Hadland House Farm are visible located in the agricultural setting. An informal racing track is also situated immediately to the east of the canal and Dodmoor Farm and Dodmoor Farm Bungalow are visible on the hillside to the north-west.

6.2.11 The history of the canal is well-documented and the engineered structure is extant within the landscape and, as such, it is considered that its evidential and historical value of the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area is high. Some sections of the designated area are considered to have aesthetic value, but this is generally as a result of their setting (the surrounding landscape or townscape or associated infrastructure (e.g. bridges)) rather than the structure of the canal itself; other stretches have very limited or no aesthetic value. As a result, it is considered that the aesthetic value of the Conservation Area within the Site and in the vicinity is low to medium. As the canal corridor is publically accessible and used by residents from the local community, as well as by canal boat users, it is considered to have a high communal value.

Assessment of Effects

Site preparation, earthworks and construction phase

6.2.12 As shown on the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge Plan (Figure 2), the bridge will be wider than the canal, thus avoiding any physical changes to the fabric of the canal itself from the new superstructure. However, a sheet pile training wall is proposed to stabilise the bank on the west side, where it has become irregular. This is not intended to reduce the usable width of the canal and therefore it not considered to affect the historic, evidential or communal values of the canal as a transport route.

6.2.13 It is assumed that all areas within the Site boundary indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1) will be subject to topsoil stripping and groundworks and therefore the existing mature


vegetation along both sides of the canal is expected to be removed during this phase. The loss of this vegetation will alter the character and appearance of the Conservation Area along this section and is likely to open up views to the surrounding rural landscape (particularly to the east). However, during this phase, the land on either side of the Canal will be raised to allow for the construction of the new bridge as shown on the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge Plan (Figure 2). The proposed embankment height is approximately 6.5m (new road surface above the existing ground level) on the east side and 5.5m on the west side. This will substantially alter the existing topography on either side of the canal whereby causing a slight loss of historic and aesthetic value.

6.2.14 Therefore, overall the mounding is likely to increase the enclosed nature at this section of the canal even with the loss of the mature existing vegetation along the eastern bank. In particular, the mounding is likely to change views into and out of the Conservation Area and reduce its historical and aesthetic values.

6.2.15 The engineering works and presence of plant/equipment around the new bridge and ground works will also temporarily affect the character and appearance of the Conservation Area and are likely to increase noise levels in this section of the Conservation Area, which will cause a change in the character of this part of the designated area. However, as noted in Paragraph 6.2.7, there are already a number of primary transport routes within the area, including the A5 and West Coast Mainline, which cause acoustic intrusion to the Conservation Area. Therefore, there is anticipated to only be a small loss of aesthetic and historic value.

6.2.16 The value of the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area is considered to be medium. The magnitude of change is considered to be medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause considerable changes to some of the key elements of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon the Grand union Canal Conservation Area during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational Phase

6.2.17 Once complete, the new bridge will affect the character and appearance of the Conservation Area by enclosing this section of the canal, which has historically been open and providing a new termination point for views along the canal and this is anticipated to slightly reduce the historic value of the asset. However, the new structure will be brick-faced in accordance with local vernacular design as shown on the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge Plan (Figure 2), whereby not reducing the aesthetic value of this section of the canal. In addition, bridges across the canal are considered to be an integral part of its character and therefore will not detract from its historical or evidential value as a transport route.

6.2.18 During the operational phase, the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.2) shows that native woodland will be planted along the eastern side of the canal and on the southern side of the new bridge on the western side of the canal and to the north of the canal on the western side. The introduction of this woodland will help with minimising the perceived mass of the embankments and structures associated with the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge and help to retain the historical value of the designated area. As such, it is considered that the landscape planting will increase the aesthetic value of the section of the canal in the vicinity of the Site.

6.2.19 During the operational phase, the Proposed Scheme will result in additional vehicular traffic passing through the Conservation Area, across the new Combined Canal and Rail Bridge. In addition, the Canal and West Coast Mainline will be enclosed by a single structure. This is likely to increase the visual and acoustic effects upon the character and appearance on this section of the Conservation Area, reducing the historic and aesthetic values of the asset. However, as noted in Paragraph 6.2.7, there are already a number of primary transport routes within the area, including the A5 and West Coast Mainline, which cause visual and acoustic intrusion to the Conservation Area.

6.2.20 The value of the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low to medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will change

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some key elements of the Conservation Area. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor to moderate negative effect upon the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area during the operational phase.

Mitigation 6.2.21 The design of the Proposed Scheme has sought to ensure that the setting and character of the canal

corridor is retained. As such, the Proposed Scheme incorporates vernacular design measures, including bridge parapets and abutments are to be brick cladded with the colour specification to be red to match the adjacent canal structures (which has been agreed with the Canal and River Trust).

6.2.22 The creation of landscape planting and areas of woodland along the canal corridor as shown on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.2) will also provide some limited screening along and out of the Conservation Area, particularly during summer months.

6.2.23 There no further opportunities to reduce the changes to the fabric of Grand Union Canal Conservation Area over and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme.

Neolithic Long Barrows

Description of the Heritage Assets 6.2.24 Two Neolithic long barrows are situated within the Site boundary, to the north of Hobhill farm and to

the south of Broamenthill Spinney. These long barrows were also noted on various aerial photographs and the Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment (Ref. 15). The Geophysical Survey and Archaeological Trial Trench Report (Ref. 16) notes that the south-eastern barrows measures approximately 60m long by 25m wide and is open to the east whilst the north-western barrows measures circa 70m long by 20m and has a rounded eastern end. The long barrows are noted to best reflect the Cotswold-Severn type of monument (Ref. 16), as they comprise of long trapezoidal mounds with distinctive entrance at the wider end with the mound containing one or more passages with occasional side chambers. The fieldwork complete has suggested that Post-Medieval agricultural cultivation lead to the structures being levelled in the 16th/17th century as parallel linear anomalies of medieval to early post-medieval ridge and furrow cultivation crossed the remains. The existing area surrounding these assets is shown on Photograph 21, Appendix C.

6.2.25 In assessing the heritage value of the Neolithic long barrows, it is considered that their evidential and historical value is high given the rarity of such remains within Northamptonshire and nationally. They are considered to have a low aesthetic value, as they are buried remains and have been levelled by medieval/post-medieval agricultural cultivation. As the long barrows lie on private land, they are considered to have a low communal value.



6.2.26 As noted in Section 5, all of the area within the Site boundary will be subject to groundworks and topsoil stripping during this phase. In addition, the ground will be lowered at part of the northern barrow to accommodate the embankment associated with the Green Bridge, as illustrated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1) and Green Bridge Plan (Figure 4). These works to this small section of the northern long barrow will cause truncation or disturbance. In addition, shrub planting is proposed in the area where the Site overlaps with this asset as shown on Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.4). The planting of these shrubs is also likely to cause disturbance to the remains of the northern Long Barrow. As the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of


the Proposed Scheme will cause a considerable change to key elements of these assets, the magnitude of change is considered to be medium.

6.2.27 The value of the Neolithic Long Barrows is considered to be high in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon the Neolithic Long Barrows during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational Phase

6.2.28 No effects are anticipated on the fabric of these assets during the operational phase as the effects would have been mitigated during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Mitigation Measures 6.2.29 Once the Proposed Scheme is completed, it is anticipated that the area around the Neolithic long

barrows will be put under appropriate management, to minimise further disturbance of the remains and allow for the preservation of the long barrows in-situ. The scope and nature of the proposed management is still under consideration at the time of writing. It is anticipated that within this area or the Green Bridge that would be the possibility of providing some element of long-term public engagement with regard to these assets and the wider historic environment, this may include information boards (or similar) which would allow the wider public to learn about the barrows.

Late Iron Age Enclosure

Description of the Heritage Asset 6.2.30 The archaeological fieldwork (Ref. 16) revealed a rectangular enclosure north of Weedon. The

fieldwork has indicated that the enclosure is roughly 50m long by 40m wide and is not isolated, as further less prominent features appear to extend to the north and south of this feature. An entrance is noted to lie on the northern side of roughly 3m wide. The ditches were noted to be well preserved and contained low concentrations of artefacts with fairly good ecofactual potential. There seems to be no evidence for Roman activity at the site from the fieldwork complete to date and it is therefore probable that the enclosure was abandoned before the late 1st century AD.

6.2.31 It is considered that the evidential and historical value of the late Iron Age enclosure is high given that it may have functioned as a grain store, which would make it a valuable asset for addressing regional research priorities relating to agricultural process and methods used in late Iron Age Britain. As there is no evidence of the enclosure on the ground, it is considered to have a low aesthetic value, as it is not readily observed within the landscape. As the enclosure lies on private land, it is considered to have a low communal value.



6.2.32 As outlined in Section 5, during this phase all areas within the Site boundary indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1) will be subject to groundworks and topsoil stripping. As such, the remains in the southern part of this enclosure which lies within the Site are likely to be disturbed or truncated. In addition, shrub and native woodland planting is proposed in the area where the Site overlaps with this asset as shown on Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.1). These planting activities have the potential to truncate or disturb the remains of the enclosure.

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6.2.33 The value of the Late Iron Age enclosure is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be high in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause considerable changes to the key elements of the asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon the late Iron Age enclosure during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational Phase

6.2.34 No effects are anticipated on the fabric of this asset during the operational phase as the effects would have been mitigated during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Mitigation Measures 6.2.35 Open area excavation will be undertaken prior to the construction of the Proposed Scheme to

provide a coherent and legible investigation of this asset. Further mitigation, if appropriate, will be determined and implemented as a consequence.

Remains associated with Roman Settlement

Description of the Heritage Assets 6.2.36 The archaeological desk based assessment (Ref. 15) identified the presence of a Roman settlement

which was destroyed by the construction of the M1 Motorway. The NHER describes the location as Roman settlement with a pottery assemblage comprised of greywares and 4th century Nene Valley Colour-coated wares, which were recovered in 1963. Outlying remains of the settlement were noted by the geophysical survey and trial trenching evaluation (Ref. 16), two ditches to the north of Upper Heyford, which produced 14 sherds of Roman pottery and two sherds of Roman tile.

6.2.37 The ditches are considered to be a non-designated heritage asset of medium evidential and historical value given the potential for these remains to provide evidence of the Roman settlement. However, as these earthworks are buried they are not readily understood within the landscape and are considered to be of limited aesthetic value. As the remains are situated on private land, they are considered to be of limited communal value.



6.2.38 As shown in the Existing and Proposed Levels Plan (Figure 29), the Proposed Scheme will involve excavation for the cuttings in the vicinity of these assets to the north of Upper Heyford. In addition, the proposed structures within the vicinity of these assets as shown on Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1), including Upper Heyford Farm Crossing, to the north of Upper Heyford, are likely to require piling during their construction as outlined in Section 5. Furthermore, landscape planting is proposed in the vicinity of these assets, comprising of native woodland to the south of the new road and scattered trees to the north of the new road as shown on Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30. 8). These planting activities are likely to disturb the remains associated with the Roman settlement.

6.2.39 The value of the remains associated with the Roman settlement is considered to be medium in ac-cordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be high in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause considerable changes to the key elements of these assets. As a re-


sult the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon the remains associated with the Roman settlement during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase


Mitigation Measures Open area excavation will be undertaken prior to the construction of the Proposed Scheme to provide a coherent and legible investigation of these assets. Further mitigation, if appropriate, will be determined and implemented as a consequence.

Late Medieval/Post-Medieval Lane

Description of the Heritage Asset 6.2.41 The Archaeological Desk-based Assessment (Ref. 15) identified the presence of a Late

Medieval/Post-Medieval lane leading from Dodford to Flore. The lane ran south-east from the eastern side of the junction between the A5 and Weedon Lane to the A45 in Flore. This route is first noted on the Map of the Knightley Estate at Dodford (1742), which depicts a bridge at the eastern-most extent of the estate labelled as ‘Floor Bridge’ crosses the stream (now known as Whilton Brook). The roadside ditches associated with this features were noted by the geophysical survey undertaken over this area as discontinuous positive and negative magnetic anomalies. Further details are available in the archaeological fieldwork report (Ref. 16).

6.2.42 As a record of the Medieval/Post-Medieval landscape this feature is considered to have a moderate evidential and historical value. However, as the Lane lies buried under the surface this asset is not readily understood within the landscape, it is considered to be of limited aesthetic value. As the alignment of the Lane generally follows the alignment of Footpath EU1, it is considered to be of medium communal value.



6.2.43 As outlined in Section 5, the implementation of the Proposed Scheme will involve groundworks and topsoil stripping from all areas within the Site boundary, and as such, the part of this asset which lies within the Site. The Proposed Scheme will involve raising the ground where this asset lies within the Site as shown on the Existing and Proposed Levels Plan (Figure 29). In addition, it is anticipated that the vegetation will be removed from along the route of the Lane and excavations work associated with the creation of a drainage pond area which will be excavated, which is located on the southern side of the new road and intersects with the alignment of the Lane. In addition, shrub planting is proposed in the area where the Site overlaps with this asset (as shown on Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.2). These planting activities are likely to disturb the remains of the Lane.

6.2.44 The value of the Late Medieval/Post-Medieval lane is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be high in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause considerable change to key elements of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon the Late Medieval/Post-Medieval lane during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

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Operational phase

6.2.45 No effects are anticipated on the fabric of this asset during the operational phase as the effects would have been mitigated during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Mitigation Measures 6.2.46 Open area excavation will be undertaken prior to the construction of the Proposed Scheme to

provide a coherent and legible investigation of this asset. Further mitigation, if appropriate, will be determined and implemented as a consequence.

Medieval/Post-Medieval Ridge and Furrow

Description of the Heritage Assets 6.2.47 The NHER has noted the presence of earthwork remains of medieval ridge and furrow cultivation

within the Site and surrounding the Site, particularly to the north-east of Flore (Ref. 15). The Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment (Ref. 15) also suggests that aerial photographs show a greater extent of ridge and furrow to the west, north and east of the village that extends beyond that registered on the NHER. The geophysical survey and trial trench report (Ref. 16) states that the geophysical survey mapped extensive traces of medieval to post-medieval remains showing parallel, slight curving linear anomalies. Whilst the majority of the earthworks have been levelled by more recent ploughing, there are some areas of surviving earthworks, particularly to the north-east of Flore.

6.2.48 As these earthworks provide evidence of widespread agricultural cultivation associated with the medieval settlements of Upper Heyford, Flore, Weedon and Dodford, it is considered that these earthworks have moderate historical value. As the majority of the earthworks have been levelled there are considered overall to provide a low to medium evidential value. As the earthworks are visible from the surface it is considered that they hold a limited aesthetic value. As these assets lie on private property, there are considered to have a limited communal value.



6.2.49 As shown in the Existing and Proposed Levels Plan (Figure 29), the Proposed Scheme will involve excavation in the vicinity of these assets, particularly to the north of Upper Heyford, north of Hollandstone Farm and the north-east of Flore. In addition, the proposed structures within the vicinity of these assets as shown on Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1), including Brington Road Bridge to the north-east of Flore, Hollandstone Farm Crossing, to the east of Flore and Upper Heyford Farm Crossing, to the north of Upper Heyford, are likely to require piling during their construction. A drainage pond will also be located on the southern side of the new road adjacent to Hollandstone Farm Crossing, which will involve excavation to create. Furthermore, landscape planting, comprising of native woodland to the south of the new road and scattered trees to the northern of the road is proposed in the vicinity of these asset (as shown on Landscape Planting Plan (Figures 30.4 – 30.9). As such, the remains of the ridge and furrow within these areas are likely to be significantly truncated or disturbed.


6.2.50 The value of the ridge and furrow is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be high in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will remove all of the key elements of these assets. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon the ridge and furrow during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase


Mitigation Measures 6.2.52 Fieldwalking has been recommended prior to the construction of the Proposed Scheme to provide a

coherent and legible investigation of these assets.

Historic Field Divisions

Description of the Heritage Assets 6.2.53 The field divisions within the Site are predominantly composed of hedgerows and mature trees.

Through a study of historic mapping, it appears that a number of the hedgerows within the Site meet the criteria of ‘important’ in historic terms under the Hedgerow Regulations Act 1997 (Ref. 3) as the boundaries pre-date the main Inclosure Acts, mark the parish boundaries between Upper Heyford, Flore, Weedon and Dodford and demarcate the boundaries of identified sites on the NHER. These assets are considered to be of moderate evidential, historical and aesthetic value as they provide a record of the medieval/post-medieval agricultural landscape. As they currently remain on private land, they are considered to be of limited communal value.



6.2.54 As outlined above in Section 5, all hedgerows within the Site boundary will be removed and the topsoil will be stripped during this phase. This will result in the truncation or loss of 100% of the important historic hedgerows that lie within the Site.

6.2.55 The value of the historic field divisions is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be high in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will change all of the key elements of these assets. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon the historic field divisions during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase


Mitigation Measures 6.2.57 There no opportunities to reduce the changes to the ‘important’ hedgerows over and beyond the

measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme.

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6.3 Change in the setting of Designated and Non-Designated Heritage Assets

Borough Hill Scheduled Monument

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Asset 6.3.1 Borough Hill Scheduled Monument is situated approximately 3km to the north-west of the Site

boundary. The Scheduled Area covers the majority of this natural prominence, except for a cut-out area in the southern part, where a transmitting station is situated. This asset is bounded to the north by Daventry and District Golf Course and open agricultural fields. To the east, it is bordered by a mixture of open agricultural fields and woodland (Borough Hill Plantation). To the south, the Monument is bordered by open agricultural fields. To the west, it is bounded by a mixture of scrubland, woodland beyond which lies the eastern edge of Daventry.

6.3.2 As the Scheduled area is situated on top of a large hill, there are extensive views to the north and east. However, there are only partial/obstructed views from the Scheduled Monument to the west and south due to the intervening presence of vegetation and undulating topography.

6.3.3 The designated area includes the remains of two hillforts, including a larger multivallate hillfort which are overlain by those of another, smaller, multivallate hillfort which occupies the northern part of the hill. Both of these hillforts are understood to date from the Iron Age (Ref. 17). In addition, there are archaeological remains of both earlier and later date which lie within them, including two Bronze Age barrows, a Roman building complex and barrow cemetery. Also included in the scheduling are the remains of a small defended enclosure of Late Iron Age type which lies approximately 200m to the south east of the hillfort and is linked to it by the remains of a hollow way. During the Anglo-Saxon and Medieval periods the hillfort was used as pasture, and in the 18th century it was the site of a racecourse. Although the Site was enclosed in 1801 and put under agricultural cultivation, large multivallate hillforts are rare with around 50 examples recorded nationally and archaeological fieldwork has identified the survival of significant below-ground remains. It is therefore considered to be of high historical and evidential value. Given the existing earthworks within the designated area, it is considered to be of medium aesthetic value. The Monument is considered to be of medium communal value as it is accessible to members of the public.

Stage 2 – Assessment of Setting 6.3.4 The key aspects of the setting of this asset are the visual inter-relationship and physical proximity

between the surviving elements of the multiple banks and ditches surviving as a series of intermittent earthworks and buried deposits which provide context to the remaining structures. The surrounding rural landscape, comprising fields and woodlands, with its undulating topography is also considered to contribute to the significance of this asset.

Stage 3 – Effects of the Proposed Scheme


6.3.5 At present, the Site does not contribute to the significance of this asset as there is no intervisiblity, nor any historic or architectural link between the Site and this asset. However during this phase,


there will be an introduction of plant and equipment associated with construction activities, in particular cranes, into the views from this asset to the east. As these items of plant will occupy part of the skyline which was previously open and add an uncharacteristic element to the views of the rural landscape to east of this asset, causing a small loss of aesthetic and historic value. However, the views of this plant will be partially screened by the presence of intervening vegetation and the undulating topography between this asset and the Site. As the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause a barely noticeable to slight effect on the setting of this asset, the magnitude of change is considered to be negligible to low.

6.3.6 The value of Borough Hill Scheduled Monument is considered to be high in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be negligible to low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a negligible to minor negative effect upon Borough Hill Scheduled Monument during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.7 No effects are anticipated during the operational phase as the new road and its associated infrastructure will not be visible or audible from this asset.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.8 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of Borough Hill Scheduled Monument over and

beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme.

Brockhall Grade II Registered Historic Park and Garden

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Asset 6.3.9 Brockhall Grade II Registered Historic Park and Garden is situated approximately 740m to the north

of the Site boundary. This asset is bounded to the north by the village of Muscott and to the east by Brockhall village and Brockhall Lane. To the south, it is bounded by the road leading from the A5 to Brockhall Road. To the west, it is bounded by the M1 Motorway corridor. The original boundary of the Park extended further west, but the construction of the M1 motorway truncated the park.

6.3.10 The Registered area is on the western slope of the hill on the east side of the valley of the River Nene. Due to the topography and presence of intervening vegetation (both within the parkland and along the M1 corridor), there are partial/obstructed views from the parkland to the west and south.

6.3.11 Originally a medieval Manor associated with a largely agricultural settlement, the Brock Hall was re-built on the site in 1607 and extensive formal gardens were laid out in the 1720s and 1730s. The park was laid out c. 1800, possibly with the advice of John Webb, to replace the earlier formal gardens. A main feature of the park, although now much silted, is the long narrow lake which lies parallel to, and c. 150m to the east of the river, extending the length of the park from the ironstone bridge to its tip at the southern limits of the parkland area. It was created as part of the c. 1800 landscaping from two rectangular ponds, the Mill Pond to the north and Pond Pool to the south. These ponds, developed from the mill leat and mill ponds present by the mid-17th Century, had formed a major feature of the early 18th century landscape. The earlier 20th century editions of the Ordnance Survey map mark two boathouses, one south-west of the Hall on the eastern bank of the lake, the other to the south of this on the western bank; neither is extant. As the Registered elements of the Park have not been significantly altered since their completion in c. 1800, apart from the more recent planting in the western part of the designated area to screen the M1 motorway, it is considered that Brockhall Grade II Registered Historic Park and Garden has a high evidential and

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high historical value. The aesthetic value of this asset is considered to be medium to high. The Park itself is considered to have high communal value to local residents and visitors.

Stage 2 - Assessment of Setting 6.3.12 The setting of the registered area is intrinsically connected to both the spatial arrangement of the

formal designed landscape of the parkland and Brock Hall Grade II* Listed Building which lies just within the boundary (shown in Photograph 13, Appendix C). To a lesser extent, the village of Brockhall, the buildings and the spatial between them also contribute to the significance of this asset, although the majority of the buildings lie outside of its boundary.

6.3.13 The principal entrance to the Park is now from the south, although originally the principal approach to the Park was through a drive which led east off Watling Street (the A5), which runs north/south roughly parallel with the western edge of the park and 600m from it. The southern approach branching westwards off the public road into the south end of the village (shown in Photographs 9 and 10 Appendix C). From here it leads along the west side of the wooded strip which lies between it and the site boundary, to approach the tarmacked area below the south-east front. As this is now the main entrance into the Park, this is considered to be a view that contributes to the significance of this asset.

6.3.14 There are also views to the west and south from the registered area due to its position on the eastern side of the Nene valley and these views of a largely rural landscape are considered to reinforce the rural setting of Brockhall Park (as shown in Photographs 11 and 12, Appendix C). However, the setting of this asset has previously been eroded by the M1 motorway which forms the western boundary of the registered area which causes substantial visual and acoustic intrusion (as shown in Photograph 14, Appendix C).

Stage 3 - Effects of the Proposed Scheme


6.3.15 During this phase, plant and equipment associated with the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase will be introduced into the partial/restricted views to the south of this asset, in particular the taller elements of the Proposed Scheme, such as lighting column installation and bridge construction and cranes associated with the construction of the Brockhall Road Bridge, Green Bridge and Whittle Brook Bridge, the location of which is provided on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).

6.3.16 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the Site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). Excavation associated with the cutting along the northern curve of the new road will also be undertaken as indicated on the Existing and Proposed Levels Plans (Figure 29). At the same time, there will be land raising to create the embankment to allow the construction of the Green Bridge over the new road, as indicated in the Green Bridge Plan (Figure 4). In addition, it is expected that the existing hedgerows along Bridleway EU14, north of Hobhill Farm within the Site will be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of agricultural fields and the rural nature of the area to the south of the Site and there will be a small loss of aesthetic and historic value. However, due to the presence of intervening vegetation and built form and the undulating topography between this asset and the Site, it is likely that the effects will be partially reduced, depending on the location within the registered area as the works will be screened.

6.3.17 Due to the distance between this asset and the Site and the intervening presence of the M1 motorway, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect arising from the activities and


plant associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset.

6.3.18 The value of Brockhall Grade II Registered Historic Park and Garden is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low to medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause some changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor to moderate negative effect upon Brockhall Grade II Registered Historic Park and Garden during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.19 Once completed, it is anticipated that there will be no views of the central section of the new road from this asset as noted in Section 5 and shown in the Existing and Proposed Levels Plan (Figure 29), the northern curve of the new road will lie in a cutting. It is considered that there is unlikely to be views of the new road due to the intervening vegetation and topography. However, there may be limited views of the structures and signage associated with the Green Bridge to the south of this asset, which is the closest structure as part of the Proposed Scheme as shown on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). The details of this structure are shown on the Green Bridge Plan (Figure 4).

6.3.20 The proposed landscape planting along the northern side of the new road will comprise of native woodland (as illustrated on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.3). This planting will help to screen the new road and associated structures and help to reinforce the historically rural nature of the views to the south of this asset.

6.3.21 Due to the distance between these assets and the Site and the intervening presence of the M1 motorway, it is considered unlikely that there will be any acoustic effect arising from the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset.

6.3.22 The value of the Brockhall Grade II Registered Historic Park and Garden is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be negligible to low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause barely noticeable to slight changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a negligible to minor negative effect upon Brockhall Grade II Registered Historic Park and Garden during the operational phase.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.23 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of Brockhall Registered Historic Park and

Garden over and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme, although the implementation of tidy site management procedures will help to slightly reduce adverse effects of the construction phase on the setting of this asset.


Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Asset 6.3.24 The asset is described above in Paragraphs 6.2.1 - 6.2.11.

Stage 2 – Setting of the Heritage Asset 6.3.25 As a result of the length of the designated area and the changing character of the areas it passes

through (including urban, suburban and rural areas), the setting of the Conservation Area varies

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considerably along its length. Due to the intermittent vegetation and built and undulating topography along its length, there are stretches where the Conservation Area is enclosed and views are limited whilst in other sections there are extensive views from the canal across the surrounding landscape. There are also many inter-relationships between this Conservation Area and designated/non-designated heritage assets of differing types. This variety of setting is part of the essential character of this heritage asset and serves to reinforce its original function as a transport system.

6.3.26 Within the area in the vicinity of the Site, the Conservation Area is primarily characterised by the canal as well as a series of paths, locks, tunnels and bridges mainly of cohesive appearance and materials, which are usually brick facing. Therefore, the key aspects of the setting of the Conservation Area are the canal itself, the extensive mature vegetation along the canal corridor and the restricted/partial views of the wider surrounding agricultural landscape, which provide a glimpse of the agricultural economy that once prevailed in this area, and built form within Weedon Bec to the south. However, as noted in Section 6.2, the presence of the A5 and West Coast Mainline visibly and acoustically intrude on the setting of this asset within the vicinity of the Site.

6.3.27 The views along the canal also contribute to its significance as the inter-relationship between the Conservation Area and the rural surrounding landscape forms an important historic vista throughout the length of this section.



6.3.28 The presence of plant and equipment associated with the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will alter the setting of the wider Conservation Area, primarily the cranes associated with the construction of the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge and junction with the A5, the location of which is shown on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). This plant will offer a new vertical element in the skyline above the existing line of vegetation and therefore detract from the existing enclosed nature of this section of the canal and interrupt longer distance rural vistas across the Nene valley.

6.3.29 As outlined in Section 5, the ground on either side of the canal will be raised to facilitate the construction of the new bridge to carry the traffic over the canal and adjacent railway, and the area within the Site boundary will be subject to groundworks and topsoil stripping. In addition, the trees and bushes along the eastern side of the canal will be removed during this phase which will increase the views of the bare ground and construction activities and plant. This will further diminish the rural/enclosure nature of this section of the canal and there will be a small loss of aesthetic and historic value. As such, the plant and site clearance activities associated within the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase is likely to reduce the wider rural setting of this asset. However, it is likely that the effects will, be partially reduced, depending on the location within the Conservation Area as the works will be screened by intervening vegetation, built form, topography and increased distance.

6.3.30 As the construction activities will be undertaken within the asset, it is considered likely that there will be a significant audible effect arising from the plant and activities associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme which will reduce the historical and aesthetic values of this heritage asset. However, there is existing acoustic disturbance arising from the West Coast Mainline to the west of the canal and the A5 to the east.

6.3.31 The value of the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause considerable change to the key elements of the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.


Operational phase

6.3.32 During the operational phase, the built form of the bridge of the Proposed Scheme will alter the setting of the wider Conservation Area and will provide a new visual destination point and termination in views along the towpath. The design of the proposed bridge is similar to that of the existing bridges within the vicinity (particularly Combined Canal and Rail Bridge to the north) and will be brick-faced, as shown in Combined Canal and Rail Bridge Plan (Figure 2). However, the new structure will detract from the traditional semi-rural scale and grain of the canal at this point and will break the traditional definition of the canal, its contrast to the prevailing build character of the 18th century water-way and its associated features. However, it will not result in the loss of any historic fabric and its design is similar to that of the existing bridges within the vicinity. In addition, bridges across the canal are considered to be an integral part of its character and therefore will not detract from its historical or evidential value as a transport route. Therefore it is not considered that it will harm the evidential, historical or communal values of the Conservation Area.

6.3.33 The landscape planting comprising of areas of native woodland and low density woodland to the south of the new road, as shown on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.2), will reduce the massing of the embankments associated with the new crossing and provide an enclosed atmosphere similar to that experienced at present on this section of the canal corridor. To the north of the new road, the scattered trees and mixture of meadow, shrub and native woodland planting, as shown on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.2), will provide a similar landscape to the existing whilst also helping to minimise views of the new crossing. As such this landscape planting is considered to limit, to some extent, the effects on the setting of this part of the Canal, although the extent of such screening will diminish during the winter months. For further distant views, this planting will screen the majority of the new structure and road and help maintain the historic rural feel to this part of the Nene valley.

6.3.34 As the Proposed Scheme traverses this asset, it is considered likely that there will be an audible effect arising from the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset arising from the Site. However, as noted within the Conservation Area Appraisal (Ref. 19), this section of the Canal lies in close proximity to both the West Coast Main Line and the A5. Therefore, there is considered to be a degree of acoustic intrusion from these sources, causing a loss of historical and aesthetic value.

6.3.35 The value of the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low to medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause a slight to considerable change to the key elements of the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor to moderate negative effect upon the Grand Union Canal Conservation Area during the operational phase.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.36 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of Grand Union Canal Conservation Area over

and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme, although the implementation of tidy site management procedures will help to slightly reduce adverse effects of the construction phase on the setting of this asset.

Brockhall Conservation Area

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Asset 6.3.37 Brockhall Conservation Area is situated approximately 740m to the north of the Site boundary. The

Conservation Area contains Brockhall village and extends to include the surrounding parkland, which was remodelled extensively in c.1800. To the south, it is bounded by the road from the A5 to

31

Brockhall Road. To the west, it is bounded by the M1 Motorway corridor. The original boundary of the Park extended further west, but the construction of the M1 motorway to the west truncated Brockhall park.

6.3.38 The village stands towards the top of the east side of the valley of the River Nene, the site offering views out west across the valley over the parkland which falls quite steeply from the south-west front. There are also extensive views from the southern edge of the village out to the south-east and to the north from the northern edge of the village across open parkland.

6.3.39 Brockhall village was first recorded in the Domesday Book as ‘Brocole’ meaning Badgers Hill (Ref. 20). Brockhall is mentioned in a number of official records from the 14th and 16th centuries, and appears to have been Inclosed from the 17th century. The principal function of the village would have originally been as an agricultural settlement, but there has been some residential development within the village, particularly around Brockhall Manor which is situated to the south-east extent of the core of the village. However the Conservation Area is considered to be of high evidential and historical value as it remains largely unchanged from its initial nucleated form. The village and surrounding parkland are also considered to have a medium aesthetic value as the M1 Motorway causes some visual and acoustic intrusion. The village also has high communal value for local residents.

Stage 2 - Assessment of Setting 6.3.40 The key aspects of the setting of Brockhall Conservation Area are the inter-relationships buildings

within Brockhall village and Brock Hall Grade II* Listed Building itself. However, it also extends to include the parkland surrounding the village, particularly to the south and west, but also to the north-east. As such, there is an intrinsic visual and historic connection between the village and the surrounding parkland/agricultural fields and this provides an interesting aspect of the designated area and contributes to its significance.

6.3.41 The principal entrance to the village is now from the south, although originally the principal approach to the Park was through a drive which led east off Watling Street (the A5), which runs north/south roughly parallel with the western edge of the park and 600m from it. The southern approach branching westwards off the public road into the south end of the village, at a point 270m south-east of the Hall. From here it leads along the west side of the wooded strip which lies between it and the site boundary, to approach the tarmacked area below the south-east front. As this is now the main entrance into the Park, this is considered to be a key view that contributes to the significance of the asset as is illustrated in Photographs 9 and 10 in Appendix C.

6.3.42 There are also views to the west and south from the registered area due to its position on the eastern side of the Nene valley and these views of a largely rural landscape are considered to reinforce the historically rural landscape around Brockhall. However, the wider setting of this asset has previously been eroded by the M1 motorway which forms the western boundary of the registered area which causes substantial visual and audible intrusion.



6.3.43 During this phase, plant and equipment associated with the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase will be introduced into the partial/restricted views to the south of this asset, in particular the taller elements of the Proposed Scheme, such as lighting column installation and bridge construction and cranes associated with the construction of the Brockhall Road Bridge, Green Bridge and Whittle Brook Bridge, the location of which is provided on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).


6.3.44 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the Site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). Excavation associated with the cutting along the northern curve of the new road will also be undertaken as indicated on the Existing and Proposed Levels Plans (Figure 29). At the same time, there will be land raising/excavation to create the embankment to allow the construction of the Green Bridge over the new road, as indicated in the Existing and Proposed Levels Plan (Figure 29) and Green Bridge Plan (Figure 4). In addition, the existing hedgerows along Bridleway EU14, north of Hobhill Farm within the Site will be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of agricultural fields and the rural nature of the area to the south of this asset causing a small loss of aesthetic and historic value. However, due to the presence of intervening vegetation and built form and the undulating topography between this asset and the Site, it is likely that there will only be effects on the southern part of the Conservation Area. In addition, these effects will be partially reduced, depending on the location within the Conservation Area as the works will be screened.

6.3.45 Due to the distance between this asset and the Site and the intervening presence of the M1 motorway, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect arising from the activities and plant associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset.

6.3.46 The value of Brockhall Conservation Area is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low to medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause some changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor to moderate negative effect upon the Brockhall Conservation Area during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.47 Once completed, it is anticipated that there will no views of the central section of the new road from this asset as noted in Section 5 and shown in the Existing and Proposed Levels Plan (Figure 30.3 & 30.4), the northern curve of the new road will lie in a cutting. It is considered that there is unlikely to be views of any other section of the road due to the intervening vegetation and topography. There may be limited views of the structures and signage associated with the Green Bridge, which is the closest structure as part of the Proposed Scheme as shown on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). This would reduce the rural nature of the views to the south of this asset causing a small loss of historic value.

6.3.48 The proposed landscape planting along the northern side of the new road will comprise native woodland and shrub planting as illustrated on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.4). This planting will help to screen the new road and associated structures and help to maintain the historic rural nature of the views to the south of this asset.

6.3.49 Due to the distance between this asset and the Site and the presence of the M1 motorway, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect arising from the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset.

6.3.50 The value of the Brockhall Conservation Area is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be negligible to low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will be a barely noticeable to slight change to the setting of these assets. As a result, the Proposed Scheme will have a negligible to minor negative effect upon the Brockhall Conservation Area during the operational phase.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm

33

6.3.51 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of Brockhall Conservation Area over and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme, although the implementation of tidy site management procedures will help to slightly reduce adverse effects of the construction phase on the setting of this asset.

Church of St. Mary Grade I and associated Grade II Listed Buildings and Manor Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Assets 6.3.52 The Church of St. Mary and associated Grade II Listed Buildings within Dodford are situated c. 450m

to the north-west of the closest Site boundary. To the north and west, these assets are bounded by a mixture of open agricultural fields and woodland associated with Poolbank Spinney. To the east, they are bounded by a road, beyond which lies the modern village of Dodford. To the south, they are bounded by a track leading to the Manor House.

6.3.53 The Church and assets within the churchyard stand on an outcrop to the west of Dodford village, offering views to the west and north. There are also some partial/obstructed views to the east and south due to the presence of intervening vegetation and built form.

6.3.54 The Church of St. Mary, originally from the 12th/13th centuries, with significant rebuilding and additions in the 14th/15th centuries. The church was then fully restored in 1878 – 80. The associated Grade II Listed Buildings date from the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries have undergone slight additions and alterations since their original completion. As the majority of these assets remain unaltered significantly altered since their completion, it is considered that these Grade I and Grade II Listed Buildings are considered to have a high evidential and historical value. The aesthetic value of these assets is considered to be of medium value. The Church and its associated buildings are considered to be of high communal value to local residents and users of the church and churchyard. However, Manor Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building is considered to have a limited communal value as it is a private dwelling.

Stage 2 – Assessment of Setting 6.3.55 As the original context of these buildings would have derived from their functional relationship with

the surrounding village of Dodford. The links between the buildings and the village still remains. The historic setting of the village surrounded by agricultural fields (with their divisions) contributes to the significance of these designated heritage assets. The key views of these assets which contribute to its significance are those from the east and south. There are views of the Site due to the intervening vegetation and topography. As such, the Site makes a contribution to the significance of these assets.



6.3.56 During this phase, plant and equipment will be introduced into the views to the east of these assets, in particular the taller elements of the construction works, in particular the cranes associated with the construction of the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge and the junction with the A45 west of Weedon, the locations of which are show on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).

6.3.57 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the Site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1) and in Section 5. Excavation associated with the cutting along the northern curve of the new road will also


be undertaken as indicated on the Existing and Proposed Levels Plans (Figure 29). At the same time, there will be land raising to create the embankment to allow the construction of the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge over the new road (Figure 2). In addition, it is expected that the existing hedgerows at this section of the Site will be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of agricultural fields and the rural nature of the area to the east of these assets and there will be a small loss of aesthetic and historic significance. However, due to the presence of intervening vegetation and built form and the undulating topography between these assets and the Site, it is likely that there will only be restricted/partial views of the Site.

6.3.58 Due to the distance between these assets and the Site, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect on their settings arising from the activities and plant associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme.

6.3.59 The value of the Church of St. Mary Grade I and Grade II Listed Buildings and Manor Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building is considered to be medium to high in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low to medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause considerable changes to the key elements of the setting of these assets. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon Church of St. Mary Grade I and Grade II Listed Buildings and Manor Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.60 Once completed, it is anticipated that the section of the new road between the Combined Rail and Canal Bridge and the junction with the A45 to the west of Weedon will be visible in the restricted/obstructed views to the east of these assets. The street furniture associated with the junction with the A45 west of Weedon village (comprising street lighting installations and signage) as shown on the Street Lighting - Roundabout Junction West of Weedon Bec (Figure 26) will also be visible in the restricted/obstructed views to the east of these assets.

6.3.61 The proposed landscape planting along the eastern side of the new junction, which will comprise of native woodland around the new junction with the A45 as well as along the new road with shrub as illustrated on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.1 and Figure 30.2), will largely screen the new road and street furniture from these assets and help to reinforce the historically rural nature to the east.

6.3.62 Due to the distance between these assets and the Site, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effects on their setting arising from the vehicular traffic using the new road during the operational phase.

6.3.63 The value of the Church of St. Mary Grade I and Grade II Listed Buildings and Manor Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building is considered to be medium to high in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be negligible to low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause a barely noticeable to slight change to the setting of these assets. As a result of the Proposed Scheme will have a negligible to minor negative effect upon Church of St. Mary Grade I and Grade II Listed Buildings and Manor Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building during the operational phase.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.64 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of Church of St. Mary Grade I and Grade II

Listed Buildings and Manor Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building over and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme.

35

Grade II* Listed Buildings associated with Weedon Barracks

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Assets 6.3.65 This group of Grade II* Listed Buildings are located approximately 500m to the south of the Site

boundary at the closest point. To the north, east and south, these assets are bounded by 20th century development. To the west, these assets are bounded by open agricultural fields.

6.3.66 Due to the existing topography and built form, there are only partial views out of this asset into the surrounding landscape, primarily to the south over the River Nene valley. Conversely, there are prominent views of the complex from the south. There are only restricted/partial views of the western-most parts of the Site, where the bypass joins with the existing A45.

The Weedon Depot is a unique, planned military-industrial complex complete with its own defensible transport system and surrounding walls. In 1802, a strategic decision was taken to create the first major Board of Ordnance Establishment, which was to be built far inland in a central location where it was well connected by canal and road (Ref. 19). The surviving elements of the Weedon Barracks have not been significantly altered since their completion in the early 19th century. Although, elements of the original complex, such as the main Barracks building and officer’s quarters have been lost and the wider setting of this asset has been altered with 20th century development to the north, east and south of the remaining Listed Buildings, the surviving elements of the Weedon Barracks site has not been significantly altered since it’s completed in the early 19th century. As such, it is considered that these Grade II* Listed Buildings are considered to have a high evidential and historical value. The aesthetic value of these assets is considered to be of high arising from the symmetry, unity linearity and rhythm of the composition. As the buildings lie on private property, they are considered to have a limited communal value.

Stage 2 - Assessment of Setting 6.3.67 The key aspect of the setting of these assets is the visual inter-relationship and spatial arrangement

of the surviving elements of the Barracks which provide context to the remaining structures. These buildings are also inter-linked with the existing A45 to the north and the Grand Union Canal to the east as the presence of these transport links lead to the establishment of the Barracks at this location. Their wider setting within the village of Weedon is also considered to contribute to their significance.

6.3.68 The key views of the assets is from within the barracks, particularly the views from the eastern end along the Ordnance Canal, which was formerly a branch of the Grand Union Canal, and from the valley to the south northwards towards the group of buildings (as shown in Photograph 16, Appendix C).



6.3.69 During this phase plant and equipment will be introduced into the partial/restricted views of the Site to the north-west, in particular the taller elements of the construction works (such as lighting column installation) associated with the construction of the junction with the A45 west of Weedon, as shown on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).

6.3.70 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the Site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). It is also proposed that the ground levels at this new junction will be raised to accommodate the new


roundabout as indicated on the Existing and Proposed Levels Plans (Figure 29). In addition, it is expected that the existing hedgerows and trees along the southern side of the A45 within the Site will be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of agricultural fields and the rural nature of the area to the north-west of these assets and there will be a small loss of aesthetic and historic significance. However, due to the presence of intervening vegetation and built form and the undulating topography between these assets and the Site, it is likely that there will only be effects on the western parts of the Listed Building complex. In addition, these effects will be partially reduced, depending on the location within the Listed Buildings complex as the works will be screened by the presence of intervening vegetation.

6.3.71 Due to the distance between these assets and the Site and the existing level of noise from the existing A45, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect arising from the activities and plant associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of these heritage assets.

6.3.72 The value of Grade II* Listed Buildings associated with Weedon Barracks is considered to be high in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be negligible to low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause a barely noticeable to slight change to the setting of these assets. As a result, the Proposed Scheme will have a negligible to minor negative effect upon the Grade II* Listed Buildings associated with Weedon Barracks during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.73 No effects are anticipated during the operational phase as the new road and its associated infrastructure will not be visible or audible from this asset.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.74 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of the Grade II* Listed Buildings associated

with Weedon Barracks over and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme, although the implementation of tidy site management procedures will help to slightly reduce adverse effects of the construction phase on the setting of these assets.

Grade II Listed Buildings in Dodford Village

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Assets 6.3.75 The Grade II Listed Buildings within Dodford (Porch House Grade II Listed Building, Old School

House Grade II Listed Building and Dodford House Grade II Listed Building) are situated 440m to the north-west of the closest Site boundary. To the north and west, these assets are bounded by a mixture of open agricultural fields. To the east and south, these assets are bounded by the modern village of Dodford.

6.3.76 These Listed Buildings are set within the shallow valley to the north-west of the modern village of Dodford and there are views to the west and north. There are also some restricted/obstructed views to the east and south due to the presence of intervening vegetation and built form.

6.3.77 The Grade II Listed Buildings all date from the 18th century, with additions and alterations in the later 18th/19th and 20th centuries. As the majority of these assets remain unaltered significantly since their completion in the 18th century. It is considered that these Grade II Listed Buildings are considered to have a high evidential and historical value. The aesthetic value of these assets is considered to be medium. As these are private dwellings, they are considered to be of low communal value.

37

Stage 2 – Assessment of Setting 6.3.78 The key aspects of the setting of these Grade II Listed Buildings that contribute to the significance

are their relationship with the surrounding road network and the wider village of Dodford, including the Church of St. Mary, which is prominent in the views to the south of these buildings. They have restricted views of the Site due to the intervening vegetation and topography.



6.3.79 During this phase, plant and equipment will be introduced into the views to the east of these assets, in particular the taller elements of the construction works, in particular the cranes associated with the construction of the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge and the junction with the A45 west of Weedon, the locations of which are show on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).

6.3.80 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the Site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1) and in Section 5. Groundworks associated with the excavations of the new road will also be undertaken as indicated on the Existing and Proposed Levels Plans (Figure 29). In addition, it is expected that the existing hedgerows this section of the Site will also be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of agricultural fields and the rural nature of the area to the east of these assets and there will be a small loss of aesthetic and historic significance. However, due to the presence of intervening vegetation and built form and the undulating topography between these assets and the Site, it is likely that there will only be restricted/partial views of the plant/equipment and construction activities.

6.3.81 Due to the distance between these assets and the Site, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect arising from the activities and plant associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of these heritage assets.

6.3.82 The value of the Grade II Listed Buildings in Dodford Village is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause considerable changes to the key elements of the setting of these assets. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon Grade II Listed Buildings in Dodford Village during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.83 Once completed, it is anticipated that the section of the new road between the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge and the junction with the A45 to the west of Weedon will be visible in the restricted/obstructed views to the east of these assets. The street furniture associated with the junction with the A45 west of Weedon village (comprising street lighting installations and signage) as shown on the Street Lighting - Roundabout Junction West of Weedon Bec (Figure 26) will also be visible in the restricted/obstructed views to the east of these assets.

6.3.84 The proposed landscape planting along the eastern side of the new junction, which will comprise of native woodland around the new junction with the A45 and low density woodland and shrub along new road the as illustrated on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.1 and Figure 30.2), will largely screen the new road and street furniture from these assets and help to reinforce the historically rural nature of the surrounding area.

6.3.85 Due to the distance between these assets and the Site, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect arising from the vehicular traffic using the Proposed Scheme during the operational phase on the setting of these heritage assets.


6.3.86 The value of the Grade II Listed Buildings is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be negligible to low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5 as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause a barely noticeable to slight change to the setting of these assets. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a negligible to minor negative effect upon the Grade II Listed Buildings during the operational phase.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.87 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of Grade II Listed Buildings in Dodford Village

over and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme.

Dodmoor Farmhouse and attached stables and barn Grade II Listed Building

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Asset 6.3.88 Dodmoor Farmhouse and attached stables and barn is situated approximately 195m to the north-

east of the Site boundary. To the north, this asset is bounded by enclosed gardens and vegetation, beyond lies open pasture land, as shown in Photograph 17, Appendix C. To the east, this asset is bounded by the Grand Union Canal. To the south, an extension is attached to the Listed Building which do not form part of the original structure. Beyond these, there is a car park. To the east, the asset is bounded by the West Coast Mainline Railway corridor.

6.3.89 There are partial/obstructed views to the south from this asset, due to the presence of intervening woodland and buildings, as shown by Photograph 18, Appendix C. There are some views to the north, east and west but these are also obstructed by vegetation.

6.3.90 The list description states that the building is dated to 1751. However, a building at this location is also on the Map of Knightley Estate at Dodford (1742), although it is not labelled. The architectural detailing suggests that it is an early eighteenth century structure. The attached barn to the west of the main house is considered to date from the late 18th or early 19th century.

6.3.91 The farmhouse, stables and barn have been altered and extended over the past two centuries and are therefore considered to be of moderate evidential, historical and aesthetic value. The buildings are considered to have a medium communal value as they are currently used as a hotel.

Stage 2 - Assessment of Setting 6.3.92 The original context of Dodmoor Farmhouse derives from its agricultural function and therefore it is

intrinsically connected to the surrounding agricultural land, some of which would presumably have been within the same ownership. The ownership and agricultural links between the buildings and the surrounding land has now largely been lost, with the construction of the West Coast Mainline Railway to the west and the Grand Union Canal to the east and other more modern structures to the south of the original farmhouse. Nevertheless, the historic setting of fields (with their divisions) to the south of the asset remains and contributes to the significance of the Listed Building. The principal elevation of the farmhouse is from the south, although tree and shrub planting partially screens the buildings in views from this direction. The buildings are considered to have a visual relationship with the canal (and the bridge over the canal to the south-east of this asset), but as they were constructed before the canal it is not considered that this contributes to its significance.


Site preparations, earthworks and constructions phase

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6.3.93 During this phase, plant and equipment will be introduced into the restricted/obstructed views to the east, in particular the taller elements of the construction works (including light column installations and cranes) primarily associated with the construction of the junction with the A5 and the construction of the Whittle Brook Bridge and Combined Canal and Rail Bridge, which are to the south of this asset as shown on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).

6.3.94 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the Site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). It is also proposed that the ground levels to the east of this asset will be raised, as shown on Existing and Proposed Levels Plan (Figure 29). In addition, it is expected that the existing hedgerows and trees along the field boundaries to the south of this asset will be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of a rural landscape and change the landscape from agricultural fields to that of the bare ground and construction activities and plant and, subsequently, the new road. As such, it is anticipated that these changes will cause a loss of aesthetic and historic significance of the setting of this asset. However, due to the presence of intervening woodland and buildings, there will be only partial/obstructed views from the asset itself of these works.

6.3.95 Whilst this asset is in close proximity of the West Coast Mainline and A5, it is expected that there will also be an increase in noise levels due to the plant/equipment associated with the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase which will have an audible effect on the setting of this heritage asset by causing a small loss of aesthetic and historic value.

6.3.96 The value of Dodmoor Farmhouse and attached stables and barn Grade II Listed Building is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low to medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause some changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor to moderate negative effect upon Dodmoor Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational Phase

6.3.97 Once completed, it is anticipated that the street furniture (comprising street lighting installations and signage) and the new structures, including the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge as well as the new roundabout with the A45 to the west of Weedon will be visible in the restricted/ obstructed views to the south of this asset associated with the new junction with the A5, as shown in the Street Lighting – Roundabout Junction with A5 (Figure 27). It is also expected that there will be partial/obstructed views of the new road and vehicular traffic using this route. This will cause a loss of historic and evidential value due to the reduction in the rural nature of the area. However, the proposed landscape planting along the Site, comprising of native woodland, shrub and low density woodland along the northern side of the new road (as illustrated on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30. 2) , will largely screen the items street furniture and new structures from this asset and help to reinforce the historically rural nature of the surrounding area.

6.3.98 Whilst this asset is in close proximity of the West Coast Mainline and A5, it is expected that there will also be an increase in noise levels associated with the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme which will have an audible effect on the setting of this heritage asset, causing a small loss of aesthetic and historic value.

6.3.99 The value of the Dodmoor Farmhouse and attached stables and barn Grade II Listed Building is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low to medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause considerable changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor to moderate negative effect upon Dodmoor Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building during the operational phase.


Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.100 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of the Dodmoor Farmhouse and attached

stables and barn Grade II Listed Building over and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme, although the implementation of tidy site management procedures will help to slightly reduce adverse effects of the construction phase on the setting of this asset.

Hill Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Asset 6.3.101 Hill Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building is situated 70m to the south of the Site boundary. To the

north of this asset, there is a 20th century farm outbuilding. To the west of this asset, there is a small country lane, beyond which lie open agricultural fields. To the south, there is a 20th century dwelling. To the east, there is the farmyard and other agricultural buildings.

6.3.102 There are partial/obstructed views to the north-east towards the Site from this asset, due to the presence of intervening built form. There are some views to the east and west but these are also obstructed by vegetation and built form. There are no views to the north and south due to the presence of intervening built form.

6.3.103 The list description dates the building to the mid-18th century with alterations made in the late 19th century followed by a one storey and attic extension to the right of the original building in c. 1900 and some further additions have been made to the building in the 20th century. Therefore, this asset is considered to be of moderate historical, evidential and aesthetic value as a farmhouse. As a private dwelling, it has no particular communal value.

Stage 2 - Assessment of Setting 6.3.104 As Hill Farmhouse remains a functioning agricultural business, the original context of this asset

remains. However, whilst its connection with the rural landscape remains to the east, this connection has been altered through the construction of dwellings during the 20th century to the north and south of this asset.

6.3.105 The views of this asset from the east along the alignment of the A45 are also considered to contribute to the significance of this asset as these views set the building within a rural predominantly rural landscape, reinforcing its original context.

Stage 3 - Effect of the Proposed Scheme


6.3.106 During this phase, plant and equipment will be introduced into the restricted/obstructed views to the east, in particular the taller elements of the construction works (including light column installations and cranes) primarily associated with the construction of the junction with the A45 east of Upper Heyford and the construction of Upper Heyford Farm Bridge, the location of which is shown on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).

6.3.107 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). It is also proposed that ground levels to the east of this asset will be raised, as shown on Existing and Proposed Levels Plan (Figure 29). In addition, it is expected that the existing hedgerows and trees

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along the field boundaries to the northeast of this asset will be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of a rural landscape and change the landscape from agricultural fields to that of the bare ground and construction activities and plant and, subsequently, the new road. As such, it is anticipated that these changes will cause a loss of aesthetic and historic significance of the setting of this asset. However, due to the presence of intervening vegetation, there will be only partial/obstructed views from the asset of these works. Due to the close proximity of the existing A45, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect arising from the activities and plant associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset.

6.3.108 The value of Hill Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause slight changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor negative effect upon Hill Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.109 Once completed, it is anticipated that street furniture (comprising street lighting installations and signage) associated with the new roundabout with the A45, as shown on the Street Lighting – Roundabout Junction East of Upper Heyford (Figure 28) will be visible in the restricted/obstructed views to the east of this asset. This will reduce the historic and aesthetic values of this asset.

6.3.110 The proposed landscape planting along the Site, comprising of native woodland along the northern side of the new road (as illustrated on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.9), will largely screen the items street furniture and the new road from this asset and help to reinforce the historically rural nature of the surrounding area.

6.3.111 Due to the close proximity to the A45, it is considered unlikely that there will be any significant audible effects arising from the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset.

6.3.112 The value of the Hill Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause slight changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor negative effect upon Hill Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building during the operational phase.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.113 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of the Hill Farmhouse Grade II Listed Building

over and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme, although the implementation of tidy site management procedures will help to slightly reduce adverse effects of the construction phase on the setting of this asset.

The Grange Grade II Listed Building

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Asset 6.3.114 The Grange (Dodford Grange) Grade II Listed Building is situated 230m to the west of the closest

Site boundary. To the north, this asset is bounded by open agricultural land. To the east, lies a row of 20th century residential dwellings. To the south, there is a private garden, beyond which lies the


A45. To the west, there is a road leading to the village of Dodford to the north-east. A photograph of this Listed Building is provided in Photograph 19, Appendix C.

6.3.115 There are partial views to the east and south towards the Site from this asset, due to the presence of intervening built form and vegetation, as shown in Photograph 20, Appendix C. There are no views to the north and west as these are obstructed by vegetation.

6.3.116 The list description dates the building to the 18th century, with 20th century alterations, including a porch and windows. Therefore, although the building has undergone some alteration, it is considered to be of moderate historical, evidential and aesthetic value as a farmhouse. As a private dwelling, it has no particular communal value.

Stage 2 - Assessment of Setting 6.3.117 As a former farmhouse, the original context of the Grange is likely to have related to an agricultural

function this has changed during the 20th century as a result of construction of dwellings and domestic planting surrounding this asset. The principal elevation of this property is from the south. In addition, its location on the hillside would have given the building some prominence in views from the north it is now almost entirely screened by vegetation and built form. Therefore, the immediate setting of the building is now its domestic curtilage which is located within the wider rural landscape of Dodford.



6.3.118 During this phase, plant and equipment will be introduced into the views to the west, in particular the cranes associated with the construction of the junction with the A45 west of Weedon and the construction of the Combined Canal and Rail Bridge, the location of which is shown on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).

6.3.119 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the Site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). It is also proposed that the ground levels at this new junction will be raised to accommodate the new roundabout as indicated on the Existing and Proposed Levels Plans (Figure 29). In addition, it is expected that the existing hedgerows and trees along the southern side of the A45 within the Site will be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of agricultural fields and the rural nature of the area to the south-east of this asset and therefore, there will be a small loss of aesthetic and historic significance. However, due to the presence of intervening vegetation and built form, there are only partial/restricted views of the Site from this asset.

6.3.120 Due to the close proximity of the existing A45, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect arising from the activities and plant associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset.

6.3.121 The value of The Grange Grade II Listed Building is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low to medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause some changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor to moderate negative effect upon The Grange Grade II Listed Building during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.122 Once completed, it is anticipated that the street furniture associated with the junction with the A45 west of Weedon village (comprising street lighting installations and signage) as shown on the Street

43

Lighting – Roundabout Junction - West of Weedon Bec (Figure 26) will be visible in the partial/restricted views to the south-east of this asset. This would reduce the rural nature of the views to the south-east of this asset whereby causing a small loss of historic and evidential value.

6.3.123 The proposed landscape planting along both sides of the new junction, which will comprise an area of native woodland and shrubbery on either side of the new junction along the road (as illustrated on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.1). This is expected to largely screen these items of street furniture in the views from these assets and help to reinforce the historically rural nature of the surrounding area.

6.3.124 Due to the distance between this asset and the Site and the existing noise levels due to the A45, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect associated with the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset.

6.3.125 The value of The Grange Grade II Listed Building is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause slight changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor negative effect upon The Grange Grade II Listed Building during the operational phase.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.126 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of The Grange Grade II Listed Building over

and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme, although the implementation of tidy site management procedures will help to slightly reduce adverse effects of the construction phase on the setting of this asset.

Grade II Listed Buildings within Flore

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Assets 6.3.127 There are 12 Grade II Listed Buildings within the village of Flore, situated 350m to the south of the

Site boundary at the closest point. These buildings generally date to the 17th/18th century. These assets lie within the urban context of the village and therefore are surrounded by built form and vegetation. There are very restricted views to the north towards the Site from these assets, due to the presence of intervening built form, vegetation and topography.

6.3.128 Although these buildings have undergone some alteration, they are considered to be of moderate historical, evidential and aesthetic value. Generally as private dwellings, they have no particular communal value, except for the War Memorial which is considered to have a high communal value.

Stage 2 - Assessment of Setting 6.3.129 Although the original context of these buildings is likely to have related to an agricultural function this

has changed during the 20th century as a result of construction of dwellings and domestic planting surrounding these assets. Therefore, the immediate setting of these buildings is now their domestic curtilage which is located within the wider urban landscape of Flore. As such, the setting of these buildings makes a limited contribution to their significance.

Stage 3 - Effect of the Proposed Scheme



6.3.130 No effects during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase are anticipated as there will be no substantial change to the volume of traffic using the existing route of the A45.

Operational phase

6.3.131 Once completed, the Proposed Scheme will reduce traffic volumes using the existing A45 from current levels. This will reduce both the noise levels experienced at these assets and the visual intrusion from the current level of vehicular traffic.

6.3.132 The value of the Grade II Listed Buildings in Flore is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause slight changes to the setting of these assets. As a result of the Proposed Scheme will have a minor positive effect upon Grade II Listed Buildings during the operational phase.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.133 There are no opportunities to enhance the setting of the Grade II Listed Buildings in Flore over and

beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme.

Brockhall Parkland (non-designated)

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Asset 6.3.134 Brockhall Parkland is the non-designated part of the original Brockhall Park to the west of the M1

Motorway. It is situated approximately 560m to the north of the Site boundary.

6.3.135 There are partial/obstructed views towards the Site to the south of this asset due to the presence of intervening vegetation. There are limited views to the north, west and east due to the presence of mature vegetation along these boundaries.

6.3.136 This Park is well documented with sources attesting to the extensive alterations to the Park in the 1720s and 1730s followed by landscaping in c. 1800. However, the construction of the M1 Motorway truncated the western extent of the Park which now forms the non-designated parts of the Parkland and this part of the park is no longer physically connected to the designated element of Brockhall Park and is considered to have a low evidential value. Due to the visual and audible intrusion and separation from the registered area of the Park due to the M1 Motorway, it is therefore considered to be of medium historical and aesthetic value. It is considered to be of low communal value as it lies within private ownership.

Stage 2 - Assessment of Setting 6.3.137 Although the original context of this Parkland is related to the now registered area of Brockhall Park,

this connection has been severed by the M1 motorway. As such, the setting of this park now constitutes the mixture of fields and woodland within the Park and surrounding local road network which is located within the wider rural landscape.



6.3.138 During this phase plant and equipment will be introduced into the partial/restricted views of the Site to the south, in particular the taller elements of the construction works (such as lighting column

45

installation) associated with the construction of the Green Bridge, as shown on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).

6.3.139 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the Site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). Excavation associated with the cutting along the northern curve of the new road will also be undertaken as indicated on the Existing and Proposed Levels Plans (Figure 29). At the same time, there will be land raising to create the embankment to allow the construction of the Green Bridge over the new road, as indicated in the Green Bridge Plan (Figure 4). In addition, it is expected that the existing hedgerows along Bridleway EU14, north of Hobhill Farm within the Site will be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of agricultural fields and the rural nature of the area to the south of this asset, causing a small loss of aesthetic and historic significance. However, due to the presence of intervening vegetation and built form and the undulating topography between this asset and the Site, it is likely that there will only be effects on the southern parts of the non-designated parkland. In addition, these effects will, be partially reduced, depending on the location within the Brockhall Parkland as the works will be screened by the presence of intervening vegetation

6.3.140 Due to the distance between this asset and the Site and proximity to the M1 motorway, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect arising from the activities and plant associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset.

6.3.141 The value of Brockhall Parkland is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be negligible to low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause a barely noticeable to slight effect upon the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a negligible to minor negative effect upon Brockhall Parkland during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.142 Once completed, it is anticipated that there will only be limited views of the central section of the new road from Brockhall Parkland. Given the distance between this asset and the presence of intervening vegetation, it is considered that there will be limited views of the structures and signage associated with the Green Bridge, which is the closest structure as part of the Proposed Scheme. As noted in Section 5 and shown in the Existing and Proposed Levels Plan (Figure 29), the northern curve of the new road will lie in a cutting.

6.3.143 In addition, the proposed landscape planting along the northern side of the new road will comprise of native woodland (as illustrated on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.4). This planting will help to screen the new road and associated structures and help to reinforce the historically rural nature of the surrounding area. Therefore, there are unlikely to be any direct views of traffic using the new road from Brockhall Parkland.

6.3.144 Due to the distance between these assets and the Site and the proximity of this asset to the M1 Motorway, it is considered unlikely that there will be any significant audible effect arising from the vehicular traffic using the new road on the setting of this heritage asset.

6.3.145 The value of Brockhall Parkland is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be negligible to low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause a barely noticeable to slight change to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a negligible to minor negative effect upon Brockhall Parkland during the operational phase.



6.3.146 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of the Brockhall Parkland (non-designated) over and beyond the measures already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme, although the implementation of tidy site management procedures will help to slightly reduce adverse effects of the construction phase on the setting of this asset.

Flore Park (non-designated)

Stage 1 - Identify the Heritage Assets 6.3.147 Flore Park is situated 630m to the south of the Site boundary. Flore Park is indicated on 1884 OS

mapping, extending west of Flore House up to Whilton Brook. To the north, it is bounded by the existing A45. To the east, it is bounded by the edge of the village of Flore. To the south and west, this asset is bordered by Old Mill Race and open agricultural fields.

6.3.148 There are partial/restricted views of the Site from this asset due to the presence of intervening vegetation along the northern boundary along the A45 and the topography, as shown in Photograph 24, Appendix C.

6.3.149 As this park has not been significantly altered since its completion, it is considered that Flore Park has a medium evidential and high historical value. The aesthetic value of this asset is considered to be medium. The Park itself is considered to have high communal value to local residents and visitors.

Stage 2 – Assessment of Setting 6.3.150 The setting of this park derives from its relationship with Flore House Grade II Listed Building, which

it was originally associated with, as well as the mixture of fields, woodland and watercourses within the Park and the surrounding local road network which is located within the wider rural landscape.



6.3.151 During this phase plant and equipment will be introduced into the partial/restricted views of the Site to the north, in particular the taller elements of the construction works (such as lighting column installation) associated with the construction of the junction with the A5 junction Weedon, as shown on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).

6.3.152 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the Site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). Excavation associated with the groundworks along the new road will also be undertaken as indicated on the Existing and Proposed Levels Plans (Figure 29). In addition, it is expected that the existing hedgerows and trees within the Site will be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of agricultural fields and the rural nature of the area to the north of this asset, causing a small loss of aesthetic and historic significance. However, due to the presence of intervening vegetation and the undulating topography between this asset and the Site, it is likely that there will only be effects on the northern parts of the non-designated park. In addition, these effects will be partially reduced, due to the presence of intervening vegetation along the northern boundary of the park with the A45.

6.3.153 Due to the distance between this asset and the Site and the intervening presence of the A45, it is considered unlikely that there will be any audible effect arising from the activities and plant associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of this heritage asset.

47

6.3.154 The value of Flore Park is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause slight changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a minor negative effect upon Flore Park during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.155 Once completed, it is anticipated that there will only be limited views of the new road from Flore Park. Given the distance between this asset and the presence of intervening vegetation, it is considered that there will be limited views of the structures ,signage and lighting installations associated with the new junction with the A5, as shown on Figure 27. As noted in Section 5 and shown in the Existing and Proposed Levels Plan (Figure 29), the new road will lie on top of an embankment, which will represent an alteration from the existing topography to the north of this asset.

6.3.156 In addition, the proposed landscape planting along the northern side of the new road will comprise native woodland (as illustrated on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.4). This planting will help to screen the new road and associated structures and help to reinforce the historically rural nature of the area to the north of this asset. Therefore, there are unlikely to be any direct views of traffic using the new road from Flore Park.

6.3.157 Due to the distance between Flore Park and the Site and intervening presence of A45, it is considered unlikely that there will be any significant audible effect arising from the operational phase of Proposed Scheme on the setting of this asset.

6.3.158 The value of Flore Park is considered to be medium in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be negligible to low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause barely noticeable/slight changes to the setting of this asset. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a negligible to minor negative effect upon Flore Park during the operational phase.

Stage 4 – Potential for Enhancement and Minimising Harm 6.3.159 There are limited opportunities to enhance the setting of Flore Park over and beyond the measures

already incorporated into the design of the Proposed Scheme, although the implementation of tidy site management procedures will help to slightly reduce adverse effects of the construction phase on the setting of this asset.

Neolithic Long Barrows

Stage 1 – Identify the Heritage Assets 6.3.160 These assets are described above in Paragraphs 6.2.24 - 6.2.25.

Stage 2 - Assessment of Setting 6.3.161 The key aspects of the setting of the Long Barrows which contribute to their significance are their

relationship with the surrounding agricultural land, although many of the features of the landscape (e.g. field boundaries) are likely to be Post-Medieval in date.




6.3.162 During this phase, plant and equipment associated with the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase will be introduced into the partial/restricted views to the south of this asset, in particular the taller elements of the Proposed Scheme, such as lighting column installation and bridge construction and cranes associated with the construction of the Green Bridge, the location of which is provided on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1).

6.3.163 During this phase, it is anticipated that groundworks and top-soil stripping will be undertaken across all areas within the Site as indicated on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). Excavation associated with the cutting along the northern curve of the new road will also be undertaken as indicated on the Existing and Proposed Levels Plans (Figure 29). At the same time, there will be earthworks to create the embankment to allow the construction of the Green Bridge over the new road, as indicated in the Green Bridge Plan (Figure 4). In addition, it is expected that the existing hedgerows along Bridleway EU14, north of Hobhill Farm within the Site will be removed. These activities will cumulatively diminish the views of agricultural fields and the rural nature of the area immediately to the south of these assets and there will be a loss of aesthetic and historic value.

6.3.164 Due to the proximity between these assets and the Site, it is considered likely that there will be an audible effect arising from the activities and plant associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Scheme on the setting of these heritage assets, despite the close proximity to the M1 Motorway.

6.3.165 The value of Neolithic Long Barrows is considered to be high in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be medium in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause considerable changes to the setting of these assets. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon Neolithic Long Barrows during the site preparation, earthworks and construction phase.

Operational phase

6.3.166 Once completed, the Green Bridge structure will be visible in the direct views to the south of this asset. This structure will be a maximum of 15m above existing ground levels and 5.3m above the new carriageway surface, shown on Figure 4. In addition, there will be views of the Brockhall Road Bridge structure to the south-east from these assets, the location of which is shown on the Proposed Scheme Route Plan (Figure 1). However, the proposed landscape planting along the Site, comprising shrubs along the embankments of the Green Bridge and along the northern edge of the new road as illustrated on the Landscape Planting Plan (Figure 30.4), will screen the Proposed Scheme from these assets and help to reinforce the historically rural nature of the surrounding area. In addition, the new road itself will be situated within a cutting of approximately 1m to the south of these assets. Therefore, views of the majority of vehicular traffic are likely to be partially screened.

6.3.167 Despite the close proximity of the asset to the M1 motorway, the proximity between this asset and the Site is considered likely to result in a significant audible effect arising from the Proposed Scheme on the setting of these heritage assets, thereby reducing their historic value.

6.3.168 The value of the Neolithic Long Barrows is considered to be high in accordance with the criteria set out in Table 4. The magnitude of change is considered to be low in line with the criteria set out in Table 5, as the operational phase of the Proposed Scheme will cause a considerable change to the setting of these assets. As a result the Proposed Scheme will have a moderate negative effect upon Neolithic Long Barrows during the operational phase.


Appendix 11.5: WSP Ltd, November 2014. Heritage Statement - … · 2017-02-13 · Heritage...

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