API Varese's Presentation 061108
Transcript of API Varese's Presentation 061108
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy Tool
Alberto Boraso
Association of Small and Medium Industry of Varese area
PHARE Business Support Programme of the European UnionUEAPME - SME FIT II
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: global situation
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: global situation
A rise in temperature will be accompanied by changes in climate
The resulting increase in global temperatures is alterating the complex web of systems that allow life on earth, such as - cloud cover, - wind patterns, - ocean currents, - ocean raise - rainfall, - season change - distribution of plant and animal species.
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: United Nations Framework
United Nations Framework believes this could happen and asks for the international response to climate change
Kyoto protocol
The EU and its Member States ratified the Kyoto Protocol in late May 2002
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: Europe Policy
The goal of 2020 is the first step the second will be to reduce up to 50%
compared to 1990 of 2050 global GHG emissions
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: Europe Policy
If you plan for a yearPlant a seed
If you plan for a decatePlant a tree
If you plan for a centuryEducate people
(Tzu Chuang 300 B.C.)
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: Europe Policy
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: Europe Policy
European Council Action plan (2007 -2009) Energy policy for Europe (EPE):
- Internal Market for Gas and Electricity- Security of Supply- International Energy Policy- Energy efficiency and renewable energies- Energy Technologies
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: EPE
Internal Market for Gas and Electricity :
- Effective separation of supply and production activities from network operations
- Further harmonisation of the powers and independence of national energy regulators
- Establishment of an independent mechanism for national regulators to cooperate and take decisions on important cross-border issues
- A more efficient and integrated system for cross-border electricity trade and grid operation
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: EPE
Security of Supply
- Effective diversification of energy sources and transport routes
- Developing more effective crisis response mechanisms
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: EPE
International Energy Policy
- The development of a common approach to external energy policy has to be speeded up
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: EPE
Energy efficiency and renewable energies
- stresses the need to increase energy efficiency in the EU so as to achieve the objective of saving 20 % of the EU's energy consumption compared to projections for 2020
- a binding target of a 20 % share of renewable energies in overall EU energy consumption by 2020;
- a 10 % binding minimum target to be achieved by all Member States for the share of biofuels in overall EU transport petrol and diesel consumption by 2020
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Introduction: EPE
Energy Technologies
- Recognizing the need to strengthen energy research
- Accelerate the competitiveness of sustainable energies, notably renewables, and low carbon technologies
- Development of energy efficiency technologies
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Where we are?
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Consequences
Companies needs to join in the European-wide effort to cut down on energy waste and contribute to generate green energy.
Several new measures are to be taken: efficiency requirements for energy-using equipment, technological upgrade of production processes, stronger action on energy use in buildings, green energy.
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Why
Primary energy
Efficency of primary energy
conversion 38%
Trasmission Final Use
Trasmission lost 7%
Electric power from termoelectric plant
Save 1 kWh => Save 2,8 primary energysource ENEA
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics
To achieve a rational use of energy the following topics and sources of consumption should be taken into account:
- Tariff - Energy balance- Lighting - Office equipment - Electric motor - Peak and power factor- Heating, Air-conditioning and Ventilation - Compressed air and distribution systems
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics - Tariff
This is a key process to identify how energy cost savings are achieved by reducing one of two main components:
- Energy rate/ amount pay - Energy consumption
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy Negotiation: Consumption Profile
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Energy Balance
Analysis of the site’s energy use:- identifying the sources of energy, - determining the amount of energy supplied, - detailing what the energy is used for.
Could be useful in order to identify inefficiency
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Lighting
Lighting is a major energy consumer in commercial buildings. it is important to be able to check the lighting system, lighting levels and the respective loads.
- Lighting savings can be achieved in two ways: by optimising power density by reducing operating hours.
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Office equipment 1/2
Office equipment consists of productivity tools such as computers, photocopiers, fax machine and domestic-type equipment such as water boilers, hand dryer, and so on.
For energy save companies have to monitor both work time per day and the standby time
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Office equipment 2/2
The technologies that you should have to take in account are:
workstations and monitors, personal computer, Printers, photocopiers, fax machines, uninterrupt. power source Fridges vending machines, Dishwashers, microwaves, Hand dryers, personal heaters, water boilers and coffee machines.
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Electric Motor
Electric motor drive systems use up to 90% of all electricity in some large processing plants.
The motor drive system can be broken into three main parts:
- a mechanical subsystem comprising a drive train to link the motor to the driven load;
- a facility power supply system;- a motor/controller subsystem.
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Compressed Air and Distribution Systems 1/2
Compressed air usually serves one of three functions: source of energy for tools and machines, powering pneumatic control equipment cleaning.
Energy waste in compressed air systems is mostly a result of poor compressor efficiency and leaks in the distribution system.
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Compressed Air and Distribution Systems
Compressor Compressor
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Compressed Air and Distribution Systems 2/2
There are many ways to reduce compressed air costs by making the compressed air system more energy efficient.
Common opportunities: - detect and repair leaks - minimise system pressure drop - use cooler inlet air - control of compressors - optimise system pressure to a minimum - reduce inappropriate use and keep efficiency
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Peak and Power factor
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Heating, Air-conditioning and Ventilation 1/2
A heating, air-conditioning and ventilation plant typically consumes more than 25% of energy used in service or commercial buildings.
The basic energy saving principles: create awareness in order to avoid oversupply only cool or warm as much as necessary cool or warm for as long a time as required
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – Heating, Air-conditioning and Ventilation 2/2
During the analysis of the heating or air-conditioning plant it should be taken in consideration the building envelope and in particular:
- windows: frames and type of glazing- degree of thermal capacity of external walls- roof and floor typology
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – CHP COGENERATION AND TRIGENERATION
Cogeneration:Cogeneration is the simultaneous production and
utilization of two energy sources electrical and thermal from the same fuel.
Trigeneration:If the need for heating is limited and there is a
significant need for cooling, then heat by a cogeneration plant is used to produce cooling, via absorption cycles.
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Impact on Smes: Topics – CHPCOGENERATION AND TRIGENERATION
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Possible cases for cogeneration use:
- Energy-intensive industries, including the chemical, refining, forest products, food, and pharmaceutical sectors.
- High power reliability/quality applications, such as telecommunications data centres requiring high-quality, reliable power and substantial cooling capacity.
- Institutional markets, hotels, and convention centres where large year-round demands exist for electricity, heating, and cooling.
Impact on Smes: Topics – COGENERATION AND TRIGENERATION
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy Tool
Alberto Boraso
Association of Small and Medium Industry of Varese area
PHARE Business Support Programme of the European UnionUEAPME - SME FIT II
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: a multiple-choice test
Would you rather die of:
1. climate change?2. oil wars?3. nuclear holocaust?
The right answer, often left out, is:
4. none of the above
Let’s just use energy in a way that saves money, because that will solve the climate, oil, and proliferation problems
Amory B. Lovins Chairman and Chief ScientistRocky Mountain Institute
“Winning the Oil Endgame”
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: Saving energy costs less than buying it
IBM and STMicroelectronics CO2 emissions –6%/y, fast paybacks
Dow: cut E/lb 22% 1994–2005, $3.3b profitDuPont’s 2000–2010 worldwide goals
Energy use/$ –6%/y, GHG = 1990 level –65%By 2006: actually cut GHG 80% below 1990, $3b profit
BP’s 2010 CO2 goal met 8 y early, $2b profitGE pledged 2005 to boost its eff. 30% by 2012
Why we say cost for energy saving and not profit ?
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
2007 Vattenfall/McKinsey supply curvefor abating global greenhouse gases
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: Lighting
Same light: 1200 lumen
Incandescent light bulb
Halogen lamps
Compact fluorescent
lamp CAT. A
Average hour life 1.000 2.000 10.000
Watt 100 watt 60 watt 20 watt
Comparison
Incandescent light bulb
Compact fluorescent lamp
CAT. A
Buy € 10 X 10 BULBS € 12 / LAMPS
10.000 hours (4 hours/day for 6 years)
kwh = 0,18 Euro
Consumption € 26,28 € 5,26
6 Year Cost € 167,68 € 43,54
Saving -€ 124,00
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: Lighting
Request:
Renew lighting plant:
Answer by electrician:
Change of neon lamps
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: LightingReal operation:
• Insert of light tube
• Replace neon lamps with fluorescent lamps & electronic ballasts and more efficients diffusers
• Reduction of diffusers
• Automatic light dimmer only in particular places
• Introduction of switch-off campaign
Advantage:
• Reducing operating hours
• Right lumes in right place
Incremental cost 24.000€
Pay back 5Year
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy policy: example
Request:
Change of windows because old
First suggest:
Replace windows with similar glasses in order to use the same metal joint
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy policy: example
Incremental Cost:
Windows: + 54.500 €Metal joint: + 15.000 €Lighting: + 12.500 €
_______________+ 82.000 €
HVAC - 105.000 €_______________
Total - 33.000 €
Single expenditures and multiple benefits
- Capital costs- Save energy- Renew technology
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: Heat Exchanger
Request: Cleaning Heat Exchanger
It was calculeted micro depots generate by flow result in 10% lost of efficency
Solution:
Small sponge spheres insert in the plant are trail by the cooling flow avoid depots before their consolidation
Saving 475.000 $/Year & payback 8 months Source: ST Microelectronic
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: Cooling
Cooling
In temperate climate zone it is possible to use the refrigerating power of the air.
Water neccessary for controlling the plants temperature is made flow in open air before returning to refrigeratingg plants
The refrigerating plants could be switched-off till 6 months
Source: ST Microelectronic
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Passive comfort in cold, cloudyclimates like Germany (Passivhaus Institut)http://www.passiv.de, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_house; Affordable Comfort
No central heating system;can add small exhaust-air heat pump or solar panel if desired, but not necessary- Zero marginal capital cost(at least at <60°N lat)
- Total primary energy use ≤120 kWh/m2-y
- ≤15 kWh/m2-y & <10 W/m2 heating energy—5–25% of U.S. allowables
- k-0.10–0.15 (k-0.066 roof in Sweden), airtight, high comfort, loses <0.5 C°/d w/ 0 el.
- >10k built in 5 EU nations; Vorarlberg (ÖS) standard
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: Pumping design mentality
Industrial pumping loop cuts power from 70.8 to 5.7 kW (–92%)
-Remake costs less and works better
- Just two changes in design conception
source RMI
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: Losses
Pimary energy
Efficency of primary energy conversion
38% Trasmission Final Use
Trasmission lost 7%
Electric power from termoelectric plant
Save 1 kWh => Save 2,8 primary energy
source ENEA
Motor 10%
Drivetrain 2%
Pump 25%
throtle 33%Pipe 20%
Energy Output 9,5 %
Losses:
source RMI
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: Pumping design conception
1. Big Pipes, Small Pumps (not the opposite)2. Lay out the pipes first, then the equipment (not the reverse)
source RMI
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: No new technologies, just two design changes
source RMI
- Fat, short, straight pipes — not thin, long, crooked pipes!- Benefits counted * 12x less pumping energy * Lower capital cost- “Bonus” benefit also captured * 70 kW lower heat loss from pipes- Additional benefits not counted * Less space, weight, and noise * Clean layout for easy maintenance access * Needs little maintenance, yet better uptime * Longer equipment life- Count these and save… >90%
Pumping is the world’s biggest use of motors,
fans (same physics); both total ~50%
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
The nine dots problem
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
The nine dots problem
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
The nine dots problem
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
The nine dots problem
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
The nine dots problem
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
The nine dots problem
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Cost / Return
... advance mentality
Short mentality
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: Technologies
Development of energy efficiency technologies
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy E.: Means
Shortly saving energy means: Open mind Technology Make calculation consider all life of equipment
(“In God I trust, Other bring data”)
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Energy audit model
o The energy audit model will be an analysing model
o It is a targeted energy audit at the “widest” end of the scale.
o It covers all energy usage of the site, including mechanical and electrical systems, process supply systems, all energy using processes, etc..
TOOL: Energy Audit
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
The audit has to determine how:o identify energy, o efficiently energy is being used, o cost saving opportunities, o highlight potential improvements in comfort
and productivity.
TOOL: Energy Audit
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
Guidelines for Energy Audit:
o Define Energy manager.o Define Goal. o Data collection. o State of the art and savings opportunities
TOOL: Energy Audit Guideline
This project is funded by the European Union under the PHARE Business Support Programme and implemented by UEAPME and its partners. The content of this document does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Commission.
PHARE Business Support Programme of the European UnionUEAPME - SME FIT II
Thank you!
Energy ToolAlberto Boraso – API Varese