APES 11.13 and 11.16Prepare for a warm-up in your lab book!

Warm-Up 11/13 and 16Copy and fill in the this table!

# offspring

Type of pop. growth

Limiting factors

Factors are biotic or abiotic

R-strategists

K-strategists

Learning Targets

I can create and analyze survivorship curves for type I, II and III species

I can relate survivorship curves to r and K-selected species

Life Tables and Insurance

http://www.ispot.tv/ad/7IhP/prudential-age-stickers

Survivorship Curve Relationship

between death & age for different species

Type I Death = old age

Type II same mortality rate in every age group

Type III Death = young age

Survivorship Curves Lab

You need: A group of 3 Bubbles A cardboard frame A timer Graph paper

Ecosystem Roles

The Niche

Niche = an organism’s role in an ecosystem Ex: mushrooms are decomposers living on

tree stumps Analogy: baseball players

can be pitchers, catchers,

shortstops, etc.

Niche VIPs

Indicator species = provide an early warning that damage to an ecosystem is occurring Very sensitive to abiotic factors i.e. amphibians (dependent on water and land-

exposure to pesticides, etc.) Keystone species = have a disproportionate

negative effect when they go extinct i.e. pollinators like bees, predators like alligators

that keep lower level consumer pops in check

Competition

Competition = fighting for limited resources

Intraspecific Competition = within a species Ex: songbirds

competing for nesting sites

Looks like this one lost the battle!

More Competition

Interspecific Competition = between two or more species Ex.: douglas fir,

western hemlock, cedar and alder all compete for water and sunlight

Competitive Exclusion Principle

Competitive Exclusion Principle = no two species can occupy the same niche in the same place

One species will out-compete the other, leading to evolution or extinction

Natural E. coli out-competes foreign bacteria in your stomach, keeping you healthy…unless the foreign bacteria wins!

Then you get food poisoning

Range of Tolerance

A range of tolerance is an optimal range of abiotic conditions where a species can survive Conditions = temperature, salinity, pressure, light, Decides which organisms survive where

Range of Tolerance

• Ex.: salmon can only live in cool, fast-running water. When dams are built, water becomes stagnant and warm, killing salmon

Due Next Time

November Current Event! (directions online) Yellowstone Park’s Grey Wolf FRQ on

separate paper

FYI: Thursday 11/19: smallish unit test Modules 14, 19, 21 and any notes (AP level) Modules 15, 16, 18, 20 (definitions only)