AP World History Review Important People, Places, & Things#1 –King Louis XIV Created an absolute...
Transcript of AP World History Review Important People, Places, & Things#1 –King Louis XIV Created an absolute...
A P W O R LD
AP World History ReviewImportant People, Places, & Things
D E TE R M IN E TH E F A M O U S F O U N D E R O R B U ILD E R B A S E D U P O N TH E IN F O R M A TI O N .
Round 1: Who Am I?Important Founders & State
Builders
Famous Founder & State Builder #1
Created an absolute monarchy in France
Considered the epitome of
absolute monarchy
Nicknamed the Sun King
Built a lavish palace at Versailles
Practiced mercantilism
Made France one of Europe’s wealthiest nations
#1 – King Louis XIV
Created an absolute monarchy in France
Considered the epitome of
absolute monarchy
Nicknamed the Sun King
Built a lavish palace at Versailles
Practiced mercantilism
Made France one of Europe’s wealthiest nations
Famous Founder & State Builder #2
Expanded the Mughal Empire
Promoted religious tolerance between Muslims and Hindus
Eliminated the jizya on
Hindus
Tolerated Jesuit missionaries
Attempted social reforms to benefit women
Supported the arts
#2 – Akbar the Great
Expanded the Mughal Empire
Promoted religious tolerance between Muslims and Hindus
Eliminated the jizya on
Muslims
Tolerated Jesuit missionaries
Attempted social reforms to benefit women
Supported the arts
Famous Founder & State Builder #3
Lived in China during the Warring States Period
Promoted social harmony through proper relationships
Five Relationships
Filial Piety
Teachings became the political and social foundations of Chinese society
#3 – Confucius
Lived in China during the Warring States Period
Promoted social harmony through proper relationships
Five Relationships
Filial Piety
Teachings became the political and social foundations of Chinese society
Famous Founder & State Builder #4
Pilgrimage to Mecca brought attention to the wealth of the Mali Empire
Mali controlled trans-
Saharan trade route
Built capital at Timbuktu
Built mosques and schools to promote Islam
#4 – Mansa Musa
Pilgrimage to Mecca brought attention to the wealth of the Mali Empire
Mali controlled trans-
Saharan trade route
Built capital at Timbuktu
Built mosques and schools to promote Islam
Famous Founder & State Builder #5
Expanded the Mauryan Empire
Built roads and inns to encourage trade
Converted to Buddhism after the battle of Kalinga
Encouraged the spread of Buddhism to central Asia and southeast Asia
Built pillars with inscriptions to explain laws & history
#5 – Ashoka
Expanded the Mauryan Empire
Built roads and inns to encourage trade
Converted to Buddhism after the battle of Kalinga
Encouraged the spread of Buddhism to central Asia and southeast Asia
Built pillars with inscriptions to explain laws & history
Famous Founder & State Builder #6
Ruled the eastern portion of the Roman Empire
Attempted to rebuild the Roman Empire through military conquest
Rebuilt Constantinople
Built Hagia Sophia
Wife Theodora was very influential
Codified Roman law
#6 – Justinian
Ruled the eastern portion of the Roman Empire
Attempted to rebuild the glory of the Rome by military conquest
Rebuilt Constantinople
Built Hagia Sophia
Wife Theodora was very influential
Codified Roman law
Famous Founder & State Builder #7
Considered by believers to be the last prophet of Allah
Allah’s revelations to him
were recorded in the Quran
Teaching and sayings were recorded in the Hadiths
Converted and unified the Arab people prior to his death
#7 – Muhammad
Considered by believers to be the last prophet of Allah
Allah’s revelations to him
were recorded in the Quran
Teaching and sayings were recorded in the Hadith
Converted and unified the Arab people prior to his death
Famous Founder & State Builder #7
Created an autocratic government based on Legalism.
Unified China’s Warring States establishing the Qin Dynasty.
Built a tomb filled with more than 8,000 terra-cotta soldiers.
Began construction on the Great Wall of China.
#7 – Qin Shi Huang Di
Created an autocratic government based on Legalism.
Unified China’s Warring States establishing the Qin Dynasty.
Built a tomb filled with more than 8,000 terra-cotta soldiers.
Began construction on the Great Wall of China.
Famous Founder & State Builder #8
First Roman emperor to convert to Christianity, being baptized on his deathbed.
He called the First Council of Nicaea in 325 to create a consensus on Christian doctrines.
Church of the Holy Sepulchrewas built on his orders at the purported site of Jesus’ tomb.
He built a new imperial residence at Byzantium, and later named this city after himself. It became the capital of the Roman and Byzantine Empires for more than a thousand years.
#8- Constantine I
First Roman emperor to convert to Christianity, being baptized on his deathbed.
He called the First Council of Nicaea in 325 to create a consensus on Christian doctrines.
Church of the Holy Sepulchrewas built on his orders at the purported site of Jesus’ tomb.
He built a new imperial residence at Byzantium, and later named this city after himself. It became the capital of the Roman and Byzantine Empires for more than a thousand years.
Famous Founder & State Builder #9
Born Temujin in 1162.
United many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia.
Founder and first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire.
Initiated the creation of the largest contiguous empire in history.
Began the invasion of China.
Campaigns were often accompanied by large-scale massacres of civilian populations.
Is still venerated in Mongolia.
#9- Genghis Khan
Born Temujin in 1162.
United many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia.
Founder and first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire.
Initiated the creation of the largest contiguous empire in history.
Began the invasion of China.
Campaigns were often accompanied by large-scale massacres of civilian populations.
Is still venerated in Mongolia.
Famous Founder & State Builder #10
Longest reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1520-1566).
Presided over the “Golden Age” of the Ottoman Empire.
Personally led armies conquering Christian strongholds in Greece and Hungary, before his conquests were halted at the Siege of Vienna (Austria) in 1529.
Under his rule, the Ottoman fleet dominated the Mediterranean.
Instituted many reforms in government, education, taxation, and criminal law, earning him the nickname “The Lawgiver.”
Culture and learning flourished in coffeeshops.
#10- Suleyman “The Magnificent”
Longest reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1520-1566).
Presided over the “Golden Age” of the Ottoman Empire.
Personally led armies conquering Christian strongholds in Greece and Hungary, before his conquests were halted at the Siege of Vienna (Austria) in 1529.
Under his rule, the Ottoman fleet dominated the Mediterranean.
Instituted many reforms in government, education, taxation, and criminal law, earning him the nickname “The Lawgiver.”
Culture and learning flourished in coffeeshops.
Famous Founder & State Builder #11
Prominent Athenian statesman, orator and general.
Referred to as “the first citizen of Athens.”
Initiated the building of the Parthenon as part of projects to beautiful Athens.
Best known for the “Funeral Oration,” a famous speech as part of the annual public funeral for the war dead during the Peloponnesian War.
In speech, he glorified Athens’ political system, referring to it as “democracy,” because it was governed by “not the few, but the many.”
#11- Pericles
Prominent Athenian statesman, orator and general.
Referred to as “the first citizen of Athens.”
Initiated the building of the Parthenon as part of projects to beautiful Athens.
Best known for the “Funeral Oration,” a famous speech as part of the annual public funeral for the war dead during the Peloponnesian War.
In speech, he glorified Athens’ political system, referring to it as “democracy,” because it was governed by “not the few, but the many.”
Famous Founder & State Builder #11
Prominent Athenian statesman, orator and general.
Referred to as “the first citizen of Athens.”
Initiated the building of the Parthenon as part of projects to beautiful Athens.
Best known for the “Funeral Oration,” a famous speech as part of the annual public funeral for the war dead during the Peloponnesian War.
In speech, he glorified Athens’ political system, referring to it as “democracy,” because it was governed by “not the few, but the many.”
Famous Revolutionary #1
Proposed reforms for the Catholic Church in his Ninety-five Theses
Revolutionary ideas
Believed faith alone would
get people into heaven
The Bible was the final source for Christian teachings
Printing press spread his ideas across Northern Europe
#1 – Martin Luther
Proposed reforms for the Catholic Church in his Ninety-five Theses
Revolutionary ideas
Believed faith alone would
get people into heaven
The Bible was the final source for Christian teachings
Printing press spread his ideas across Northern Europe
Famous Revolutionary #2
Born in India in the 6th
century BCE
Member of the warrior caste
Claimed to be “the enlightened one”
Revolutionary ideas
Ultimate goal is nirvana
Anybody of any caste or gender could achieve nirvana
Four Noble Truths
Eightfold Path
#2 – Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama)
Born in India in the 6th
century BCE
Member of the warrior caste
Claimed to be “the enlightened one”
Revolutionary ideas
Ultimate goal is nirvana
Anybody of any caste or gender could achieve nirvana
Four Noble Truths
Eightfold Path
Famous Revolutionary #3
Born in Palestine during the 1st century BCE
Attempted to reform Judaism
Revolutionary ideas
Only two commandments
Love God; Love your neighbor
Followers believed he was the son of God
Called him the Messiah
Crucified for his teachings
#3 – Jesus of Nazareth
Born in Palestine during the 1st century BCE
Attempted to reform Judaism
Revolutionary ideas
Only two commandments
Love God; Love your neighbor
Followers believed he was the son of God
Called him the Messiah
Crucified for his teachings
Famous Revolutionary #4
English mathematician and physicist
Revolutionary ideas
Laws of the heavens are true
on Earth
Universal gravity
Three laws of motion
Made significant discoveries in optics & calculus
Influenced deism
#4 – Isaac Newton
English mathematician and physicist
Revolutionary ideas
Laws of the heavens are true
on Earth
Universal gravity
Three laws of motion
Made significant discoveries in optics & calculus
Influenced deism
Famous Revolutionary #5
Ottoman Sultan who conquered Constantinople in 1453.
Brought an end to the Byzantine Empire.
Hagia Sophia was turned into a mosque.
Launched a program to beautiful Constantinople, and much was this was done combined Byzantine, Turkish, and Arabic, architectural styles.
#5- Mehmed II, “The Conqueror”
Ottoman Sultan who conquered Constantinople in 1453.
Brought an end to the Byzantine Empire.
Hagia Sophia was turned into a mosque.
Launched a program to beautiful Constantinople, and much was this was done combined Byzantine, Turkish, and Arabic, architectural styles.
Famous Revolutionary #6
Born in the Italian republic of Genoa.
Proposed reaching the East Indies by sailing westward.
This eventually received the support of the Spanish Crown: King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.
During his first voyage in 1492, he reached the Bahamas, instead of arriving in Japan as he had intended.
His voyages initiated the conquest and colonization of the Americas, shifted the global balance of power towards Europe, and resulted in one of the most impactful cultural exchanges in modern human history.
#6- Christopher Columbus
Born in the Italian republic of Genoa.
Proposed reaching the East Indies by sailing westward.
This eventually received the support of the Spanish Crown: King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.
During his first voyage in 1492, he reached the Bahamas, instead of arriving in Japan as he had intended.
His voyages initiated the conquest and colonization of the Americas, shifted the global balance of power towards Europe, and resulted in one of the most impactful cultural exchanges in modern human history.
Famous Revolutionary #7
Historian, Catholic missionary, and social reformer.
Is sometimes referred to as the “Protector of the Indians.”
His extensive writings chronicle the first decades of colonization of the West Indies, and focus on the atrocities committed by Spanish colonizers against the indigenous peoples.
In his early writings, he advocated the use of African slaves instead of natives of the West Indies, however later in his he began to see all forms of slavery as equally wrong.
#7- Bartolome de las Casas
Historian, Catholic missionary, and social reformer.
Is sometimes referred to as the “Protector of the Indians.”
His extensive writings chronicle the first decades of colonization of the West Indies, and focus on the atrocities committed by Spanish colonizers against the indigenous peoples.
In his early writings, he advocated the use of African slaves instead of natives of the West Indies, however later in his he began to see all forms of slavery as equally wrong.
Famous Revolutionary #7
Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire.
Claimed lands for Spain throughout Central America.
Famine and Smallpox devastated the Aztec empire.
#7- Hernan Cortes
Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire.
Claimed lands for Spain throughout Central America.
Famine and Smallpox devastated the Aztec empire.
Famous Revolutionary #7
Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire.
Claimed lands for Spain throughout Central America.
Famine and Smallpox devastated the Aztec empire.
#7- Hernan Cortes
Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire.
Claimed lands for Spain throughout Central America.
Famine and Smallpox devastated the Aztec empire.
ID E N TIF Y TH E R E G IO N B A S E D U P O N H IS TO R IC A L IN F O R M A TI O N .
Round 2: Regions
Events Region
1. Arrival of Islam, caste system, trade cotton textiles
2. Chinampas, human sacrifice, tribute system
3. Mostly Buddhist, arrival of Islam, Hindu temples, spice trade
4. Mummification, mita, quipu
5. Ruled by Vikings, Orthodox Christian, invaded by Mongols
A. East Africa
B. East Asia
C. Eastern Europe
D. Mesoamerica
E. Middle East
F. North America
G. South America
H. South Asia
I. Southeast Asia
J. West Africa
K. Western Europe
Round 2: Post-Classical Regions
Events Region
6. Support Buddhism, feudalism, invaded by Mongols
7. Rise of Islam, attacked by Christians, invaded by Mongols
8. Arrival of Islam, city-states, trade gold and exotic animals
9. Arrival of Islam, trade gold and salt, three major empires
10. Attacked by Arabs and Vikings, feudalism, manorialism
A. East Africa
B. East Asia
C. Eastern Europe
D. Mesoamerica
E. Middle East
F. North America
G. South America
H. South Asia
I. Southeast Asia
J. West Africa
K. Western Europe
Round 2: Post-Classical Regions
Round 2 Answers
1. H South Asia
2. D & F Mesoamerica & North America
3. I Southeast Asia
4. G South America
5. C Eastern Europe
6. B East Asia
7. E Middle East
8. A East Africa
9. J West Africa
10. K Western Europe
AP Regions Map
STUDY THIS MAP!!!You do NOT want to be the student who mixes up the regions on test day.
N A M E TH E S O C IE TY O R R E G IO N TH A T C R E A TE D TH E A R T & A R C H ITE C T U R E S H O W N
O N E A C H S LID E
Round 3: Art & Architecture
Art & Architecture #1
Art & Architecture #2
Art & Architecture #3
Art & Architecture #4
Art & Architecture #5
Art & Architecture #6
Art & Architecture #7
Art & Architecture #8
Art & Architecture #9
Art & Architecture #10
Answers to Art & Architecture(Pictures listed clockwise from upper left)
1. Arabs (Dome of the Rock, Prophets Mosque, cartography, mosaic, calligraphy)
2. France (Palace of Versailles, Notre Dame Cathedral, Arc de Triumph, Impressionist painting)
3. Japan (Osaka castle, samurai painting, Ukioye woodblock painting)
4. Benin or West Africa (Ivory mask, copper sculptures, Portuguese saltcellar)
5. Byzantine Empire (Byzantine mosaic, Hagia Sophia, the Hippodrome, mosaics of Justinian & Jesus)
6. Mughal Empire (Taj Mahal, Mughal paintings, Mughal fort, Akbar’s tomb)
7. Mesoamerica (Aztec god, Mayan pyramid, Aztec sacrifice, Olmec head)
8. Russia (St. Basil’s Cathedral, Painting of Peter the Great, the Winter Palace, socialist realism)
9. Southeast Asia (Angkor Wat, Cambodian Buddha, bas relief of Vishnu & statues at Angkor Wat)
10. China (Buddhist carvings along the Silk Road, painting of Empress Wu, Song dynasty painting, the Great Wall, Ming porcelain, the Forbidden City)
M A TC H TH E D A TE TO TH E E V E N T
Round 4: Turning-point Dates
Round 4: Turning-point Dates
1. The American Revolution begins
2. Discovery of the New World
3. End of the Zheng He’s voyages
4. Fall of the Byzantine Empire
5. Fall of the Western Roman Empire
6. First Crusade launched
7. Mongol conquest of Eurasia
8. Rise of Islam
9. Split of the Christian Church
10. Founding of St. Peterburg
A. 476 CE
B. 622 CE
C. 1054 CE
D. 13th century
E. 1433 CE
F. 1453 CE
G. 1492 CE
H. 1095 CE
I. 1775 CE
J. 1703 CE
Round 4: Turning-point Dates
1. The American Revolution begins – I
2. Discovery of the New World – G
3. End of the Zheng He’s voyages – E
4. Fall of the Byzantine Empire – F
5. Fall of the Western Roman Empire – A
6. First Crusade launched – H
7. Mongol conquest of Eurasia – D
8. Rise of Islam – B
9. Split of the Christian Church – C
10. Founding of St. Peterburg – J
A. 476 CE
B. 622 CE
C. 1054 CE
D. 13th century
E. 1433 CE
F. 1453 CE
G. 1492 CE
H. 1095 CE
I. 1775 CE
J. 1703 CE
D E TE R M IN E TH E F A M O U S “ R E V O LU T I O N A R Y” B A S E D U P O N TH E IN F O R M A T I O N .
Round 6: Who Am I?Revolutionaries
Round 8: Miscellaneous Stuff
What disease am I?
Indigenous populations of regions where I was not native, such as the Americans
and Australia, were rapidly decimated, leading to conquest and colonization. Some
believe that the death rate was as high as 90-95% of “New World” populations.
What disease am I
I am an infectious disease with flu-like symptoms, vomiting, and the growth of swollen
and painful lymph nodes. I was mainly spread from infected fleas. Death occurs
typically in 10 days. In the 6th century, I was named after Justinian and killed about
13% of the world’s population. In the 14th century, I killed an estimated 50 million
people, maybe as high as 60% of the population of Europe.
What am I?
I am a political system that combined legal and military customs. I was a way of
structuring society around loyalty, and the exchanges of land for service and labor. I
flourished in both medieval Europe and Japan.
What am I?
I am a lateen-rigged (triangular sail) ship, usually with one mast, used for trade
throughout the Indian Ocean.
What am I?
I am a public academy and intellectual center in Baghdad during the Abbasid
Caliphate. I included a large private library, where the translation of works from
Greek to Arabic. I led to the consistent flow of Persian, Arab, and African scholars to
Baghdad.
What am I?
I was known as Chinese pepper, and spread West across Mongol trade routes. I
greatly helped in the destruction of the “impenetrable” walls of Constantinople, and
the conquest of the Byzantine Empire.
What am I?
I am the process whereby non-Chinese societies come under the influence of
Chinese culture. Evidence of me can be seen in the value systems, cuisine,
architectural styles, and writing scripts of Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.
Answers to Part 8
1. Smallpox
2. Bubonic Plague
3. Feudalism
4. Dhow
5. House of Wisdom
6. Gunpowder
7. Sinification
C H O O S E TH E C O R R E C T R E G IO N (S ) F O R E A C H C O U N TR Y. TH E R E C A N B E M U LTIP LE A N S W E R S .
Round 5: Regions
Round 5: Regions
1. Abbasid Caliphate
2. Han Dynasty
3. Mauryan Dynasty
4. Mali Empire
5. Mongol Empire
6. Ottoman Empire
7. Portuguese Empire
8. Roman Empire
9. Spanish Empire
10. Song Dynasty
A. East Asia
B. Eastern Europe
C. Latin America
D. Middle East
E. North Africa
F. North America
G. South America
H. South Asia
I. Southeast Asia
J. West Africa
K. Western Europe
Round 5: Answers
1. Abbasid Caliphate – D, E
2. Han Dynasty – A, I (Vietnam)
3. Mauryan Dynasty – H
4. Mali Empire – J
5. Mongol Empire – A, B, D
6. Ottoman Empire – B, D, E
7. Portuguese Empire – C, G, H, I, J,K
8. Roman Empire – B, D, E, K
9. Spanish Empire – C, F, G, I, K
10. Song Dynasty - A
A. East Asia
B. East. Europe
C. Latin America
D. Middle East
E. North Africa
F. North America
G. South America
H. South Asia
I. Southeast Asia
J. West Africa
K. West. Europe
Abbasid Caliphate
Han Dynasty
Mauryan Dynasty
Mali Empire
Mongol Empire
Ottoman Empire
Portuguese Empire (Blue)
Roman Empire
Spanish Empire (Red)
Song Dynasty