AP World History: Imperial China: The Qin and Han Dynasties The Qin Dynasty 221-206 B.C. E The Han...
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Transcript of AP World History: Imperial China: The Qin and Han Dynasties The Qin Dynasty 221-206 B.C. E The Han...
AP World History: Imperial China: The Qin and Han
Dynasties
The Qin Dynasty 221-206 B.C. E
The Han Dynasty 206 B.C.E- 200C.E.
Presentation Outline
1. Geography of Qin and Han Dynasties
2. The Qin Dynasty and the First Emperor
3. The Qin Dynasty and Legalism
4. The Fall of the Qin Dynasty
5. The Han Dynasty: Daily Life
6. The Han Dynasty: Merchants and Craftsmen
7. The Han Dynasty: Education
8. The Han Dynasty: Trade
9. New Ideas and Philosophies
1. Geography of Qin and Han Dynasties
Both Dynasties between two major river valleys: Yellow and Yangtze rivers
Qin Dynasty (221-206 B.C.E) capital Xianyang- short-lived dynasty
Han Dynasty (206B.C.E- 200 C.E.)
capitals: Chang’an, Luoyang, and Xuchang
Significantly larger territory than Qin Empire
Note how much larger the Han Dynasty was- it extended westwards to the Silk Road
2. The Qin Dynasty And The First Emperor
The Qin Dynasty emerged as the dominating state after a period of infighting between six eastern Chinese states
To maintain control over their empire the Qin Kings centralized their power
The first Qin King called himself the First Emperor
Centralization, the process of decision making and control are concentrated to a specific group
The Qin Dynasty And The First Emperor
Government rules of operations and legal codes applied to all parts of empire
Introduced standardized money, writing and measurement system
Government controlled education and thought Teachers and the educated who dissented with Qin rule
were put to death or banished Censorship was enacted towards Confucian scholars and
teachings Censorship is when a government suppresses speech or the
written word it finds critical or objectionable
The Qin Dynasty And The First Emperor
The Great Wall was built to stop invasions of nomadic people who were raiding frontier of Qin empire
Great Wall is a combinations of four wall systems of various construction quality
Was built by forced labor and oppressive taxes Wall is 3,754 miles long and housed soldiers who
fought invaders from towers and fortresses
3.The Qin Dynasty And Legalism
Under Legalism the law was the supreme authority and all people were equal under the eyes of the law
Positions in government had power, power did not lie in people and it was government’s duty to rule not people
No true creator to legalism but was influenced by writings of supporters of a strong government
4. The Fall of the Qin
Oppressive treatment of the peasants including forced labor to build the Great Wall led to unrest
High taxes led to revolts The Qin Emperor began murdering his rivals Armies sprang up to defeat the Qin Emperor
around 204-206 B.C.E
5. The Han Dynasty: Daily Life
1 out 10 lived in walled cities that had planned streets and blocks
Government buildings and trade centers were incorporated into city design
Poor lived in shanty homes, young men joined gangs and wore identifying clothes and terrorized people
The rich lived in lavish large decorated homes in secluded areas of the city
Wealthy wore the nicest and most comfortable clothes
6. The Han Dynasty: The Merchants and The Craftsmen
Merchant a successful occupation and rank but it was despised
Rich and poor despised them because they were they were not born rich and did not farm the land
Laws were passed to ban the merchant class from owning chariots and horses
7. The Han Dynasty: Education
Public schools introduced because of belief that the educated were key to good government
Wealthy went to private schools and taught math, sciences, literature, religion and arts
Jobs were given to educated people who received pay for their work
7. Han Dynasty Trade: The Silk Road
Silk Road, was a major trade route which sold China’s secret commodity (silk)
Chinese Silk Road connected China to the Roman Empire
Silk Road was protected by Great Wall
Employed mandatory military service to maintain empire
8. New Ideas and Philosophies
Confucianism Taoism Buddhism
Taoism
Taoism is a philosophy, a way of looking at life and a way of thinking about things
Taoists believe if you look at life and think about things in the right way, you'll be much happier
Taoists believe it's very important to discover who we are
Confucianism
Confucius born 551 B.C. to wealthy family who eventual became poor
Passionate about learning believed to be most educated in China and sought out as teacher
Confucianism stresses the need to develop responsibility and moral behavior through rigid rules of behavior
It stressed a way of behaving, so you’ll do the right things
Buddhism Originated in India by Prince
Siddhartha Gautama around 500 B.C.E
The Prince was saddened by all the suffering and misery he saw and believed that true enlightenment only comes from suffering and meditation by living the life of a monk
Philosophy and religion brought to China by traders around 20-100 C.E.